Modern materials for finishing the facades of houses, photo options. Finishing materials for the facades of private houses: selection criteria, photos of finishing materials and facade designs What is used on the facade of the house
When it comes to facing the facade of a house, which material is better to decide can be quite problematic. The choice of material will dictate the design of the building and the affordability of façade materials. The modern market of finishing materials offers a wide range. You can preview the photo, get advice, the better these or other options.
The facade of the house is his calling card, the way other people see him. It is important that the owner's preferences fit into the overall picture of the street, because often the unsightly appearance of the house can seriously spoil the relationship with neighbors.
Why facade cladding is necessary
In addition to the decorative function and creating an aesthetically attractive appearance, facade claddings play a protective role for walls, preventing the negative impact of natural and other factors on supporting structures:
- precipitation;
- the impact of temperature changes;
- formation of condensate;
- ingress of spores, the development of fungi and mold on the surface and in the thickness of the walls;
- exposure to UV rays.
A well-lined house will not be subject to destructive factors and the owner will save himself from additional expenses for repair and restoration work. It can be said that by investing in nice facade at home, you can very profitably invest in your comfortable living.
Types of cladding of facades of houses
All types of facade cladding of houses used in the decoration of external walls are divided into 4 types of decorative and protective materials:
- plaster (finishing and decorative);
- stone (natural and artificial);
- siding (wood, plastic, metal, metal-plastic);
- materials based on expanded polystyrene.
To determine which material is better for facing the facade of a house, you need to analyze the positive and negative qualities of each separately.
Wood 
Siding 
A rock Plaster is a very popular facing material. In addition to being aesthetically pleasing, the walls are protected from moisture while remaining breathable. Silicone, silicate, mineral, acrylic substances can act as binders.
Plaster itself is limited in assortment. color solutions and textures, but this is fully compensated by the ability to carry out painting for the facade. This technique is often used when deciding on an original design. It also offers 2 types of texture: rustic or rough. Plaster as a finishing material will last about 7-10 years. However, although manufacturers improve the material, plastered walls are subject to mechanical damage.
To finish the walls of the house will have to spend not only strength, but also time. For clarity: 200m 2 walls require 8 weeks for finishing. In addition, this material implies a wet application method, before which it is necessary to prime the surface. Facing the facade in this way will depend on the weather, temperature conditions on the street.
Plaster imposes restrictions on some heat insulators. Acrylic plaster denies the use of mineral wool, as it has low vapor permeability. Mineral plaster is compatible only with aerated concrete.
Brick
There are ceramic and clinker facing bricks. The products are based on clay - a natural raw material, which is processed within the framework of repeatedly tested technological processes.
The ceramic look has long established itself as a high-quality, durable and visually attractive material for the facade of buildings. It is beneficial to decorate external walls with bricks, because the material is characterized by a low degree of moisture absorption, excellent sound insulation, and can withstand low temperatures, which is important in the Russian climate. The brick is compatible with all types of thermal insulation materials that can be laid in the space between the walls formed during cladding.
Clinker bricks are also suitable for cladding the exterior walls of a house. They have excellent physical characteristics, in addition, the features of the production technology make it possible to obtain material without characteristic voids.
To ensure that the design, based on the appearance of the masonry, does not lose its aesthetic qualities, care must be taken to ensure that efflorescence does not appear. The cause of this defect may be a poorly prepared solution. A facade finished with brick is guaranteed to survive 150 freeze and thaw cycles. Such finishing is planned at the construction stage, since the brick implies laying on the main foundation. If the cladding is done later, additional reinforcement of the base is necessary.
Tile
Exterior walls can also be tiled with facade tiles. This option is not afraid of exposure to moisture. The material is strong, durable and reliable in its performance characteristics. Laying tiles requires skill and good foundation preparation. It is necessary to maintain a straight seam, which is almost impossible to achieve without experience. In addition, until the material is laid, it is quite fragile and, if handled carelessly, is fraught with the formation of chips and scratches. Tiles are cheaper than bricks and this is its undeniable advantage.
When choosing a tile, careful selection is required. Good appearance and quality must be combined with high performance. This is the case when expensive does not mean quality. Tiles can require extremely difficult maintenance in the future. There are options involved in the insulation of the facade. Walls lined in this way do not need additional insulation, which will really save money.
Porcelain stoneware
Porcelain stoneware slabs have proven themselves as a material capable of participating in the most stylish and daring design solutions and at the same time do not require significant labor costs. The aesthetic appearance of the facade is combined with the excellent protective properties of the facing material against adverse effects. environment.
This facing material can seriously save time and money. The initially high cost of porcelain stoneware in the future will help to avoid additional costs for repairs and maintenance work on the facade of the building. It turns out to be a profitable investment.
This is a reliable and long-term protection of walls from destruction. According to its characteristics, porcelain stoneware is one of the most durable types of material for facade cladding. In addition, the plate installation technology is quite simple and does not require special skills. The material is resistant to temperature extremes, high humidity and aggressive chemicals. Such a facade will serve long years without the need for repair and maintenance.
Porcelain stoneware provides great opportunities for the implementation of design solutions. A wide range of colors and textures practically does not differ in price, which allows you to freely experiment.
This decorative and protective material helps to improve the microclimate inside the premises. Walls become thicker, thermal insulation improves, which means that heating costs become much lower.
Porcelain stoneware has only two drawbacks:
- significant weight of the plates themselves;
- if the installation is performed by a contractor, then the cost of services will be quite high.
Siding
There are 2 types of siding - vinyl and socle. The positive aspects of this material include safety, simplicity installation work and easy maintenance. A certain disadvantage of this type facade decoration called deliberately artificial look which is not to everyone's liking.
Despite the fact that manufacturers claim a service life of up to half a century, in practice this is far from the case. The materials from which siding is made are quite susceptible to the effects of environmental factors. Exposure to low temperatures provokes deformation of the siding, and hot sunlight causes burnout and the acquisition of an untidy appearance of the building. Nevertheless, siding remains a highly demanded way of finishing facades due to its relatively low cost.
facade panels
A large number of builders and those who have used this material to renovate their homes agree that facade panels are a simple and reliable cladding option for the facade. He appeared relatively recently, replacing the lining. Use facade panels and how independent material and as components of a ventilated facade system.
Facade panels are based on both natural and synthetic materials. Glass, PVC, metal, aluminum, copper, wood and timber, even porcelain stoneware. Options can vary greatly. There are large and small options. The range of panels includes narrow profiles, sandwich panels, polymer panels, profiled sheets.
Positive aspects of facade panels:
- resistant to temperature extremes, high humidity, any precipitation. The facade is reliably protected from any influences;
- high resistance to corrosion and UV rays. Contribute to maintaining a comfortable microclimate in the house high temperatures on the street;
- installation is carried out regardless of the season, while alignment and other preparation of the walls are not required. Fastening is carried out mechanically, directly on the external wall, or on a previously installed supporting structure. It is possible to use building screws, staples or nails. Laying occurs according to the principle of a puzzle;
- Both horizontal and vertical installation is possible. Can be used in the design of cornices and decorative elements of the building;
- convenient for reconstruction work, renovation of old buildings;
- fireproof - do not burn, do not smoke.
With all the variety of advantages, facade panels have their drawbacks:
- there are still limitations for use in harsh climates;
- if necessary, installation by contractors, the work will cost a round sum.
A rock
Natural stone is many times more durable than most finishing materials. Such a facade will perfectly cope with climatic changes, is practical, durable and beautiful.
The advantages of using stone are the following qualities of the material:
- natural color palette, unique texture;
- environmental friendliness due to natural origin;
- resistant to moisture, perfectly insulates heat and sound;
- the use of natural stone is a sign of the high status of homeowners;
- self-assembly is possible.
Natural stone is divided into types of facing format:
- tile "Euro-2" - the most popular for facing external walls. Has parameters 600x300x20 mm;
- wild stone - presented in the form of the so-called "plates". It has an irregular shape, the corners are neatly processed;
- slabs - in the manufacture of a solid block of stone is taken as the basis. The most expensive type;
- die - scraps of material are used for manufacturing. Aesthetically pleasing, but more expensive than tiling. Parameters 300x30x20 mm;
- "Moscow fur coat" - the material, as well as the cost of its installation, is the most expensive in price. A distinctive feature is that the dimensions are respected while maintaining the torn effect of the base.
This type of facing materials is valuable because it allows you to quickly modify any facade or interior design. During reconstruction work, it is possible to completely change the appearance of the building, while abandoning labor-intensive, expensive methods. In addition, cassette facades are used in the installation of ventilated facades.
Ventilated facade cassettes of metal and composite type are complete structures. They have curved edges, through which the modules are connected into a single coating. Such a facade is resistant to changes in weather conditions and mechanical damage, durable, rigid.
Release form may vary. Most often these are long strips or rectangular parts. Operational parameters are modified taking into account technological needs and design solutions.
Facade cassettes made of galvanized steel were the first to conquer the construction market. Often they were supplemented with a polymer coating. Aesthetically attractive models, durable, resistant to corrosion processes. This type of finishing materials gives a wide range of colors. However, there was a significant drawback: a small thickness with a large surface area led to the formation of a deflection, the so-called "lens effect". Therefore, small sizes prevail in steel products. They are widely used in the decoration of small architectural forms.
Aluminum facade cassettes are a later version. Their service life is superior to the steel version, they are much lighter. This allows you to seriously reduce the load, both on the structure and on the fastening system in the case of a ventilated facade. This quality allows them to be used on dilapidated buildings. The facing material is durable, resistant to climatic features, completely fireproof. The most versatile facade cassettes using a composite are produced with 2 layers of aluminum, between which a filler is placed - mineral or polymer. An increase in thickness contributes to the fact that deflections are no longer formed even if the size of the plate is quite significant. The protective polymer-decorative layer makes the products aesthetically attractive. They are used in all categories of buildings.
Block house
Block house is considered a variation of the already well-known lining. Outwardly, this finish resembles rounded logs. It is a natural, eco-friendly material. Its disadvantages include high cost, fire hazard and a relatively short service life. In addition, the surface of the material may have processing defects - knots, cracks, even wormholes.
When purchasing a block house for decoration, you need to make sure that it was kept in dry conditions. Otherwise, decay processes may begin. In addition, the wooden facade must be additionally treated with special compounds to protect it from adverse climatic influences. The cost of a block house varies depending on the type of wood used.
Wood
In this segment, the choice is very wide. First you need to understand what kind of cladding is required: facade board, block house, wooden siding or lining. All these materials are freely sold in the construction markets.
The palm at the lining. Panels made from processed boards have a tongue and groove system, which makes installation simple and does not require special skills. In addition, the lining has a very affordable price compared to other types of material. This material is quite light, it does not overload the building structure. Lining has long proven itself in the decoration of external walls, does not lose its relevance.
Imitation of a bar - one of modern materials used for sheathing. At the end of the installation, the wall looks like wooden beam. The material is similar to lining, but also has distinctive characteristics:
- installation is carried out horizontally;
- mainly used in the decoration of brick buildings, requires additional insulation designs. Laying a heat-insulating layer requires the installation of a crate;
- connection of panels according to the tenon-groove principle.
Which material is better
Everyone chooses materials for cladding, based on needs, design project and wallet options. For convenience, positive and negative characteristics can be presented in the form of a table.
| Name of finishing material | pros | Minuses |
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| Brick |
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| Tile |
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| Porcelain stoneware |
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| Siding |
|
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| facade panels |
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| A rock |
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| Block house |
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| Wood |
|
|
pledge good result is a competent, meaningful choice and approach to work. In this case, regardless of the material, the facade of the house will become the pride of the owners, the envy of the neighbors.
Some building materials from which walls are erected immediately imply the need for exterior decoration of the house: the picture is very unsightly. Others may lose their appeal over time. And the third case is extensive fissure formation, which is “treated”, but the results remain visible. In all these cases, the question arises: "How to sheathe the house from the outside." Moreover, most often it is required to “sheathe” - without the use of a solution or other similar means that require a lot of money and time. I want to do everything quickly and, very preferably, inexpensively, and even, if possible, with my own hands. Oddly enough, but the choice of materials and technologies is, and considerable.
Fundamental rules
When choosing materials for cladding a house from the street, be sure to remember that in order to maintain normal humidity in the premises, the vapor permeability of materials must decrease from inside the room to the outside. That is, the exterior finish should conduct steam better than the material of the walls. Then the increased humidity, which is typical for our homes, will be removed through the walls in a natural way (explanations in the photo).
If this principle is violated, moisture will accumulate at the boundary of materials with different vapor permeability. It condenses, creating conditions for decay, the development of fungi and mold. In winter, it freezes, destroying the material of the wall and / or decoration. Sooner or later, such a system will have to be dismantled and redone.
The trouble is that only wood meets this requirement. Most of the other materials for the exterior of the house has a low vapor permeability. The problem is solved in two ways:
Today, the second option is becoming more and more popular. Very effective heat-insulating materials have appeared that allow to reduce heating costs by several times. But they have very low vapor permeability (expanded polystyrene and extruded polystyrene foam). When using them, only the second humidity control scheme is possible. When choosing how to sheathe a house, consider these points.
wood paneling
Wood in construction and decoration has been used for centuries, and it looks like it will be relevant for a long time to come. All thanks to excellent appearance and the ability to regulate the humidity in the room. This is perhaps the only material that will easily remove excess moisture, no matter what material the walls are built from.
Wood paneling may have quite non-standard look: different colors and sizes, different directions. It's simple and the effect is amazing
The most popular wall cladding materials are block house and timber imitation. There is also a lining for exterior decoration - it has a greater thickness, compared to the one intended for the rest, it is no different.
The block house imitates the surface of a rounded log - the front part has a rounded shape. Imitation of a bar is very similar to a planed bar. Both types of cladding are attached to the crate, then sanded and coated with protective impregnations, optionally varnished or painted.
What lumber looks like for exterior cladding of a house
If you can’t decide how to sheathe a foam block house on the outside, consider wooden cladding. In this case, a crate (metal or wooden) is nailed to the walls. If necessary, a heater is laid between the planks - basalt wool (styrofoam or polystyrene foam cannot be used), and then the wooden sheathing is nailed.
This building is sheathed with imitation timber. Under the skin there can be a brick, a log house, a frame or any of the building blocks
If you need the cheapest option, for most regions of Russia this is an ordinary planed board. Its thickness is from 40 mm, it is stuffed in the same way as a lining or a block house on a crate, the lower end of the upper board goes 10-20 mm onto the one located under it. It turns out the principle of the bump. So you can veneer cheaply country house or even residential. With proper processing, such a lining has a very good appearance.
What is the cheapest way to sheathe a house outside? For middle lane Russia - planed wooden board
The disadvantages of such a finish are the same as for any wood: it can be damaged by pests, rot, without proper care it quickly loses its decorative effect, becomes dark and ugly. If you want to sheathe a house and not think about it for years, this is not your choice. Wood paneling requires maintenance, and, most often, annual maintenance.
Siding
In some regions, boards and other lumber are not the most affordable materials. In this case, it is cheaper. This is the option when, after finishing once, you can forget about it for a long time.
If you are thinking about how to decorate a house from a bar from the outside, perhaps your option is siding.
Since the sheathing is nailed to the crate, the facade is ventilated. If you need to finish inexpensively wooden walls(from timber, logs, shields) siding is one of the options. It can also be used for building from any other material: foam block, aerated concrete, slag filling, etc. This cover is universal.
Vinyl
Siding is made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and is therefore also called vinyl siding. It is a strip of material with a width of 205 and 255 mm, a thickness of 1.1 mm and 1.2 mm. On the longitudinal edges there is a lock on one side, on the other - perforation for fasteners (self-tapping screws are more often used).
The siding is also attached to the crate. It is recommended to use a special metal one, but impregnated wooden blocks are quite suitable. Only regular starting and side lanes will be needed. The only caveat: the self-tapping screws need to be “short” a little, leaving a backlash in order to compensate for temperature changes in materials. With this installation, the siding will not crack from the stresses that have arisen.
The advantages of this material for exterior cladding of the house: low prices, easy installation.
The disadvantage of vinyl siding: it quickly fades in the sun, so it is advisable to use soft colors. Has a fairly wide temperature regime operation: from +50°C to -35°C, but even in slight frosts it becomes brittle and easily damaged.
Another point: the houses sheathed with siding, which have a broken configuration, look good. If the building is rectangular, without architectural excesses, it does not have the most attractive appearance (in confirmation of the photo below).
If the building is just long, without reliefs and ledges, wall cladding with sadding will not embellish it very much.
Metal
Metal siding is a strip of thin aluminum or galvanized steel, which is coated with a protective and decorative coating. It has the same mounting system as vinyl.
Sheathing a house with metal siding is simple: you can do it yourself even without much building experience
The coating may be of polymers. Differs in reliability, resistance to burning out, other climatic factors. Its disadvantage is the limited choice of colors. The second coating option is powder coating. The color gamut is much wider, the paint lasts for years without signs of flaking.
If you are looking for something to clad the outside of the house so that the finish is reliable and bright, one of the metal siding options may suit you. It can be bent, broken very difficult, installation is not very difficult: you need good metal scissors, self-tapping screws, a screwdriver or a screwdriver. All installation features are the same as for vinyl, with the only difference being that metal can also be mounted at low temperatures.
It is not easy to harmoniously decorate a building sheathed with metal siding
From the point of view of durability, this is a good option, but from the point of view of aesthetics, it is difficult to work with it: it looks too “productive”. The building no longer looks like a residential building, but a warehouse or some kind of workshop.
basement
This is one of the varieties of vinyl siding, but it has a completely different configuration, appearance and greater panel thickness. It was developed specifically for decorating and protecting the plinths of buildings, but it was so well liked that it was also used for facade cladding. External design - for brickwork of various types and colors, with or without drawings, wild stone. Sometimes imitation is so successful that you can't understand what's in front of you. brick cladding, and vinyl, you can only touch the wall.
Mounted, like other types, on the crate, there is perforation and locks. The difference is that the basement siding panel does not look like a long rectangle, but a certain section of the wall with curly edges. These curly edges are joined. Accordingly, the crate must be adjusted to the size of the fragment. When installing, first the edge of the panel is brought into the lock of the already installed one, matches are achieved, and then fixed. The main thing - during installation, do not tighten the screws too much, leaving the siding to move with temperature changes.
The crate can be made of treated wooden bars (protective impregnation) or from drywall profiles (galvanized). How to mount basement siding look at the base in the video. Similarly, it is attached to the wall. Area difference.
Fiber cement boards and siding
Relatively recently appeared on our market new cladding: fiber cement boards and siding from the same material. They consist of wood fibre, quartz, mica, cement, may contain chlorine and asbestos (some materials used only for exterior decoration). This mixture is molded into sheets, then dehydrated in several stages, and fired using some technologies. Then a protective and decorative coating is applied to the surface:
The coating can be smooth - glossy and matte, can imitate brickwork, wood and other finishing materials. Installed on rails mounting strips, attached to the wall with clamps. This material may suit you if you do not know how to sheathe frame house outside: it creates a continuous surface, the panel joints are sealed and precipitation will not get inside.
This house is also lined with fiber cement boards.
How to fix fiber cement boards, see the video.
Fiber cement siding is made using the same technology, only it is molded into long strips. They are basically standard: 3600*190*12mm. This material is cut with an electric jigsaw, installed on a wooden crate with an overlap (according to the cone principle) and nailed to it or screwed with self-tapping screws.
Thermal panels
Thermal panels are a material that performs two functions at once - cladding and external insulation of houses. A layer of decorative coating is applied to the thermal insulation layer at the factory. It is similar to marble or natural stone, does not burn, has low water absorption characteristics.
This finishing material is made on the basis of foam, mineral wool or extruded polystyrene foam. Depending on the type of insulation, the installation method is selected: polystyrene foam and polystyrene are glued to the appropriate composition. The joints are closed with a special aluminum bar or rubbed with paste.
Based on mineral wool, they are mounted only on special system profiles, joints are also sealed.
A very attractive idea is to immediately insulate the house and revet it. Excellent appearance, and the characteristics of such a cladding are impressive. It’s just a pity that there is little operating experience and there are no reviews yet: it appeared quite recently.
There are also clinker thermal panels. Clinker tiles are glued to the insulation. The material is not cheap, but the characteristics are impressive, as is the variety of finishes.
Another option for thermal panels - with clinker tiles
The choice of materials with which you can sheathe the house at any time - in winter or summer - is considerable. There are expensive options, there are cheaper ones. In any case, in addition to cost, be sure to consider vapor permeability. Then you do not have to deal with mold and dampness.
Choosing the material and technology for finishing the facade of the house should be at the design stage. The modern market offers a lot of the most different materials, so it will not be difficult to equip the facade in accordance with a certain budget or design idea. When choosing a material for finishing the facade of a private house, two most important factors should be taken into account. Firstly, the house must be in harmony with the surrounding area, look aesthetically pleasing and in accordance with the tastes of the owner. Secondly, the facade material should become protection for the house, playing the role of an additional insulation and sound insulator, as well as protecting the supporting structures from moisture, sunlight and other negative impacts. Not every finishing material will cope with the tasks, so let's focus on the best options.
Types of facade structures
Among other things, when choosing a facade material, it is necessary to take into account what the building is built from, the principle of organizing facade decoration may depend on this. For example, for wooden houses It is advised to equip a ventilated facade.
It is customary to divide facades into the following types:
Depending on whether there is a gap between outer wall houses and finishing materials, facades are divided into:
- ventilated;
- non-ventilated.
Ventilated facade
Ventilated facades assume the presence of a ventilation gap between the facade material and the wall, or if it is used. The gap is necessary for free air circulation and removal of excess moisture that condenses or leaves the house through the walls. At the same time, the ceiling wall material remains completely protected from all atmospheric influences. It is better to equip such a facade when the walls breathe. involves the installation of finishing material directly to the wall. Sometimes facades are classified simply as ventilated and "wet", although this is not entirely correct.
Now we can move on to materials that are widely used in the decoration of the facade of a private house.
No. 1. Facade plaster
No. 3. Facing brick
Among the most popular materials for facade decoration has always been and is. Of course, for these purposes, not an ordinary building one is used, but a special decorative one, which is called.
ceramic brick
Ceramic bricks, made from clay by firing it, are well known to each of us. Its facing variety strikes with a wide variety of colors and textures, but this is not the only advantage of the material.
Advantages:
- durability;
- environmental friendliness;
- good sound and heat insulation characteristics;
- resistance to temperature extremes, sunlight, fire;
- relative cheapness.
disadvantages:
Hyper pressed brick
Such material is obtained by using shell rock and some special additives by semi-dry pressing. Outwardly, it resembles a ceramic brick, but in many respects it is ahead of it.
Advantages:
- durability and strength;
- good geometry;
- frost resistance;
- a large assortment;
- ease of processing.
The water absorption of such a brick is at an average level - about 5-6%, and the obvious disadvantages of the material include high thermal conductivity, the ability to change color over time and a lot of weight, which affects transportation. 
silicate brick
Facing silicate brick is made from a cement-sand mixture by autoclaving, special additives can be used. Due to the ease of production and low cost of raw materials, silicate brick is considered one of the most available materials among other types of bricks.
Advantages:
- high strength;
- exact geometry;
- environmental friendliness;
- good soundproofing qualities;
- low price.
disadvantages:
No. 4. Porcelain tile for facade
Advantages:
- durability;
- the widest range. You can find tiles of any size, color and texture, as well as imitating stone, brick and other materials;
- resistance to negative environmental factors;
- fire resistance;
- relatively small weight.
Tiles can be installed both in a “wet” way and by equipping a ventilated facade. 
No. 6. Concrete facade tiles
The material is produced on the basis of cement, quartz sand, filler and additives.
Advantages:
- durability and moisture resistance;
- strength and rigidity;
- big choice;
- relatively low price.
disadvantages:
No. 7. decorative siding
Siding is one of the most inexpensive, easy to use and modern materials for the facade of the house. It has excellent decorative qualities, is sold in a wide range, boasts decent durability (up to 50 years), excellent sound and heat insulation qualities. With siding, you can revet any surface and even ennoble a long-built house.
The main types of decorative siding:
- vinyl;
- wooden;
- metal;
- cement.
Vinyl siding
It is made of polyvinyl chloride, can imitate stone, brick, wood and other natural materials. - one of the most popular materials for facade cladding, it is most often used in domestic private construction.
Advantages:
Often the advantages include resistance to mechanical damage, but a strong blow can violate the integrity of the material. Among shortcomings a large coefficient of linear expansion, which must be taken into account during installation, low thermal insulation qualities and the difficulty of replacing a damaged element in case of repair.
Separately, it is worth highlighting basement siding. It is completely identical to vinyl, but has an increased thickness: 3.5 mm versus 0.7-1.2 for conventional PVC siding. Due to this, resistance to mechanical damage is increased, which makes the material one of the best in terms of price and quality for. 
wood siding
metal siding
It is made of aluminum or steel, which are covered with a layer of primer and polymer coating. in private construction is used infrequently due to the high price. Best suited for home cladding steel sheets with zinc protective layer and polymer or powder coating.
Advantages:
- strength;
- durability (up to 50 years);
- resistance to temperature extremes;
- incombustibility;
- resistance to any weather vagaries;
- high aesthetics;
- relative ease of installation.
In addition, metal siding is resistant to corrosion due to protective coatings, but if such a coating is damaged, rust should appear. Naturally, it is not necessary to talk about heat and sound insulation qualities. 
cement siding
The material is obtained by mixing and pressing cellulose fibers and cement. Cement siding can replace stone in terms of its decorative and operational qualities.
Advantages:
- high strength;
- resistance to precipitation, sunlight, high and low temperatures;
- fire resistance.
Among cons heavy weight, installation complexity, high cost and insufficiently wide selection of colors and textures. 
No. 8. Sandwich panels
They are a multilayer material consisting of two layers of rigid material (usually metal) and a layer of insulation between them. All this "sandwich" is connected by hot pressing, the surface of the panels can be smooth, embossed or decorative.
Advantages:
Of the minuses, only a high price.
No. 9. Facade cassettes
Metal facade cassettes are widely used today for facing the facades of administrative buildings, but more recently they have also been used in private construction. The material is easy to recognize by its characteristic appearance: these are square or rectangular elements made of metal (steel, aluminum, less often copper) with a polymer coating.
Advantages:
- high reliability and durability;
- aesthetics;
- a large selection of sizes and colors;
- resistance to negative environmental factors and fire.
Metal cassettes can be used for cladding old and newly erected buildings, they are mounted on a frame. The only negative is the high price.
No. 10. New and Undistributed Materials
In addition to those materials that have already become traditional in the field of facade cladding, there are more innovative and in some ways even more progressive. The most interesting of them:
- concrete siding. It is made from cement, sand and dyes. The material has a beautiful appearance and a pleasant rough surface, it is durable, but heavy enough, so it will require reinforcement;
- clinker thermal panels consist of ordinary clinker tiles and a welded layer of expanded polystyrene, and this is an excellent insulation. With external attractiveness, such a finish becomes an additional heat insulator. The disadvantage is the high price;
- glass panels is a popular choice for shopping centers and administrative buildings. For arranging a private house, it is suitable only if you like bold decisions.
The choice of finishing material for the facade should be preceded by a multivariate analysis, including the climatic features of the region, the type of house, the style of the site, personal preferences, wall material, own requirements and preferences. Fortunately, there are plenty to choose from.
Due to the fact that the modern assortment building materials is very wide, many owners of private houses have a natural desire to update the facade of their housing, sometimes changing it beyond recognition. However, the problem lies precisely in the fact that due to such an abundance of options and their diversity, it becomes very difficult to choose one of the types of finishes.
Therefore, it is worth considering in more detail the most popular finishing materials for the facades of private houses today, in order to make it easier to decide which option is suitable for a particular building in maximum degree. Well, for starters, it is necessary to determine the range of criteria that a quality product must meet.
Facade cladding selection criteria
It is very important to highlight the points that must be paid attention to when determining the material needed for finishing the facade. In short, the main selection criteria are reliability, aesthetics and affordable price of facing. Each of these points deserves further consideration.
So, for example, you should not save much and stop at the "absolutely budget" option, that is, to the detriment of the quality of the material. We should not forget that the cladding is not only a decor, but also a protective coating for walls, and it must withstand aggressive environmental factors, such as rain and wind, snow and frost, ultraviolet radiation and temperature changes, chemical attack. and dynamic loading.
Not every material is able to withstand the low or high temperatures of certain regions, so it is necessary to take into account the actual conditions in which the material will be used.
It will not be possible to clad the facade of a house very cheaply, but it is quite possible to choose the best option for finishing with high performance, which will have a relatively affordable price.
The selection criteria that you should rely on will help not only save a certain amount, but also clearly highlight certain advantages and disadvantages inherent in certain facade finishes.
First of all, it is worth taking a kind of “tour” along the surrounding streets and paying attention to the finished, recently finished facades of buildings that have stood for at least one or two winters. It is quite possible that this will help determine the material for finishing or, on the contrary, categorically refuse some of them. To do this, you should focus on the condition of the facades of houses, that is, learn from the mistakes of others, as some finishes show their failure after the first season of operation.
So, the first thing that is usually determined when choosing a material for transforming the walls of a house is the appearance being created. Here, each owner relies on his own taste, especially since today a large number of finishes can be found on sale, which, moreover, have an affordable price. If scheduled certain material according to its external qualities, then before you buy it, you should familiarize yourself with a number of operational characteristics:
- Moisture resistant finish.
- Frost and heat resistance.
- Flammability.
- Break resistance.
- The strength and durability of the finish is the service life declared by the manufacturer.
- The complexity of installation and the number of auxiliary elements.
- Resistant to fading, i.e. to ultraviolet radiation.
- The color scheme, texture and similarity of finishes with natural material, if its imitation is chosen.
- Cost of material and accessories.
Then a completely understandable picture will unfold before the buyer, based on which it will already be possible to make a certain choice.
The most popular materials for facade decoration
Today you can find private houses, the facades of which have a variety of claddings, mostly imitating. Finishes are made from polyurethane, metal, cement, gypsum, clay, as well as composite compositions. Piece products are given various forms, and some types of finishes are sold as dry mixes or canvases.
So, the list of traditional and innovative materials can be presented as follows:
- Facing brick.
- Facade plaster - ordinary and decorative.
- Siding - "boards" and panels, "block house".
- Ceramic and clinker tiles.
- Sandwich panels.
- Artificial or natural stone.
- Facade wallpaper.
Well, now, it makes sense to consider each of the groups of materials separately and in more detail.
Brick wall decoration
Brick can be used to decorate a house built from different materials. In fact, another wall is being laid out to protect the capital structure. However, for such a finish, it is necessary to strengthen the old foundation by expanding it, or to fill in a new tape, tying it to the existing foundation.
It must be said right away that such a cladding is a laborious and rather expensive process, but the result is not only an aesthetic facade, but also reliable insulated walls. Usually, using this option for finishing the facade, they immediately carry out the insulation of the walls - for this, the gap formed between the main wall and the new brick finish is filled with one of the insulation materials.
Facing bricks are somewhat different from conventional building bricks in the following features:
- It has a shape with a clear geometry and even, neat ribs, which is necessary for high-quality clean masonry.
- It is made in a wide range of shades, textures, shapes.
- It has an increased resistance to external natural influences, so the facing layer is able to reliably protect the building from the influence of an aggressive environment.
- Finishing has the ability to mask all the defects that have formed on the main surface over the years of its operation.
- Facing bricks are characterized by increased thermal and frost resistance, excellent strength characteristics, and operational durability.
Facing a house with brick is quite complicated, and if there is no experience in this work, then it is better not to take it on, but to entrust it to professionals who know all the intricacies of this process.
For laying out such a finish, Various types bricks.
- Ceramic bricks are made from clay that has undergone a cleaning cycle by firing at certain temperatures. This type of brick can have different shades depending on the pigment added to it - light ocher, red or even dark brown.
- Silicate Brick is made from sand and lime by autoclave treatment using steam and high pressure and temperature. This type of product is produced in different forms and color range. Since its disadvantages are low moisture resistance and heat resistance, it cannot be used for finishing foundation plinths and chimneys.
- made from special types of clay. The molded bricks are well dried and then go through a high-temperature firing process. The result is products with the highest moisture and heat resistance. Therefore, such a facing brick can be used to finish any part of the facade, including the basement.
- Hyper pressed brick made from shell rock, limestone and cement by pressing under high pressure, without the use of firing. This type of product is distinguished by its characteristic surface, which imitates chipping. wild stone. The cladding material has a wide color scheme and various geometric shapes, it has high technical characteristics, so its price is quite high. The cladding from it turns out to be very massive, which would require a significant strengthening of the foundation. Usually used for the basement of the facade or for individual decorative inserts
Ceramic bricks have the most affordable price, and clinker bricks have the highest. This can be explained by different production technologies and, accordingly, the characteristics acquired during processing.
In addition, facing bricks can be divided according to the texture of the surface: it can be smooth, embossed, glazed and engobed.
- smooth brick
From this material, a smooth, neat masonry with a matte surface is obtained. Bricks made from any raw material can have a smooth surface.
- glazed brick
It has a glossy surface and differs from the usual smooth finishing material in that it undergoes additional heat treatment during manufacture after applying a special coating on its front surface - glaze. The coating can have different shades, and even drawings look rich, but not always appropriate and, moreover, it is quite expensive.
- engobed brick
This is an improved ceramic version of the brick. It differs in that an additional special layer of clay is applied to the formed blocks before firing, and then they are sent for processing at high temperatures. The output is a perfectly smooth front surface of the brick, which has high protective qualities.
- Embossed brick
This option is typical for any type of brick. It differs from the others by the presence of three-dimensional drawings located on the poke side of the elements - these can be reliefs that have the names "tree bark", "bark beetle", "tortoise", "splintered wild stone" and many others.
Facing brick prices
facing brick
Finishing the facade with brick is a large-scale task!
Not every home craftsman will cope with such a cladding. Nevertheless, it never hurts to learn about the main technological methods: they are set out in a special publication of our portal. This will help you really assess your own capabilities.
Facade plasters
The decoration of the walls with plaster can be called traditional, since earlier it covered almost all the walls of buildings built of bricks, blocks and slabs.
But even in our time, despite the emergence of other, more modern finishing materials, plaster still does not lose its popularity. That is why manufacturers do not abandon production, but continue to improve, supplying various additives that make mixtures and solutions more plastic, durable and beautiful. In addition, additives in the form of hard inclusions are often included in homogeneous compositions of plaster mixtures, designed to form various relief patterns on the wall.
Modern additives can not only make the finish more decorative, but also qualitatively protect wall surfaces from damage under the influence of external natural factors.
Mixtures made using advanced technologies are used not only for brick, block, stone and concrete walls, but also for those made from combustible materials subjected to special treatment before applying decorative finishes. The plaster layer applied to such surfaces can make them more fire resistant and able to withstand external influences, more attractive from an aesthetic point of view.
If it is decided to choose a plaster layer for facade decoration, then it is necessary to clarify on what basis they are made and what characteristics they have. The presented table will help determine the choice of this finishing material:
| Variety of plaster mixture Illustration Main advantages and disadvantages |
|---|
| MINERAL PLASTER |
| The mineral type of plaster is made on the basis of cement and has sufficiently high rates - it is resistance to ultraviolet radiation and ozone, good vapor permeability, resistance to high and low temperatures, durability and strength. Subject to the technology of mixing and applying the solution, its service life is estimated at up to 50 years. In addition, mineral facing mixtures are not combustible, so they will not contribute to the spread of fire. They are environmentally friendly, as they consist of natural raw materials. A layer of 8 ÷ 10 mm of this type of cladding is able to significantly soundproof the premises of the house from outside noise. Mineral plasters are compatible with most building materials from which buildings are erected. However, this material has some disadvantages, which include low elasticity and abrasion resistance, as well as high moisture absorption. It should also be noted that such mixtures have a relatively short shelf life, so they must be used within one to one and a half hours after preparation, since then the solution begins to set, losing its already low elasticity. In order to slow down the setting of the mixture, lime dough is often added to it, which will significantly increase the elasticity of the mass. If the walls are finished with ordinary mineral plaster, then it will need to be covered with one of decorative materials which will entail additional costs. Mineral plasters are produced in a dry mix, which requires mixing, as well as in a pasty form, ready for use, but the latter has a higher price. This type of plaster is recommended to be applied to the walls of the house after their shrinkage - in this case, the layer will not give chips and cracks. |
| ACRYLIC PLASTER |
| Acrylic plasters are produced on acrylic and polyvinyl bases. They go on sale in plastic buckets, ready for use. Like other types of plasters, the acrylic mixture has its pros and cons. So, its positive qualities include high adhesion, moisture and heat resistance. Due to the high elasticity achieved by special plasticizers, the mass is easily applied and distributed on the surface of the walls, and does not crack during operation, unlike cement compositions, and does not deform. Therefore, the plastering of the facade can be done before the structure shrinks. Acrylic plaster is used for cladding walls erected from various materials- this is a brick, concrete, stone, wood, etc. You should not use this material only for metal surfaces, as they interact poorly with each other. The disadvantages of the acrylic coating include its low resistance to ultraviolet radiation, as it quickly fades under its influence. The service life of this material, in comparison with other types of finishes, is small - it is only 15 ÷ 17 years. Acrylic mixtures tend to set quickly, so the speed of working with them matters. In the absence of experience in plastering, it will be difficult to cope with wall decoration with this material on your own. |
| SILICATE PLASTER |
| Silicate plasters are made on the basis of liquid glass with the addition of coloring pigments and mineral fillers. Thanks to these components, the material has excellent performance characteristics. The advantages of silicate mixtures include absolute environmental friendliness, compatibility with almost all surfaces, high strength, water resistance and vapor permeability, resistance to ultraviolet radiation and other natural influences. Plasters based on liquid glass have neutral electrostaticity, therefore they do not attract dust. Excellent adhesion of the mixture simplifies its application to the surface. In addition, such mixtures are not combustible, therefore they can become a protective layer for heaters with low fire resistance. This finish is used not only for facade, but also for interior work, due to its environmental friendliness and lack of smell. Silicate plasters have an affordable price with high technical characteristics, therefore, if the negative properties of this material do not interfere, it will become the best option for facade cladding. The negative factors of the silicate finish include only two points - this is its quick setting and solidification, as well as the preparation of the walls for its application with special primers. In addition, no other compositions will subsequently fall on silicate compositions - even facade paints will be required exclusively on a silicate basis, and they, as a rule, do not differ in the richness of the palette. |
| SILICONE PLASTER |
| Silicone plasters can be called the most reliable and durable finishing material from this series. They are made on the basis of silicone resins and are sold in plastic buckets, ready to use. The advantages of silicone-based mixtures include high elasticity and excellent adhesion with a prepared surface, resistance to ultraviolet rays - plaster practically does not fade, vapor permeability and water resistance, the ability to protect wall surfaces from mold, resistance to high and low temperatures, as well as the ability to self-clean under the effect of atmospheric precipitation. Thanks to all the mentioned qualities, the coating of the facade with this material is quite durable. The only drawback of the material is that the price is too high, but given that the wall covering does not have to be repaired for a long period, then it will be quite adequate. If there is a desire to repaint the facade in a different color, then it will be quite simple to do this, since any water-soluble coloring compositions are applied without problems to this type of plaster. |
All described plaster solutions can be supplied with fillers that are intended to be created on the surface. facade walls decorative relief patterns.
Prices for facade plaster
facade plaster
These additives can be granite, lime or marble chips, mica, quartz sand of different fractions, or polymers in the form of granules. It is with the help of these additives that the surface can be made uniformly rough or vertical, horizontal or chaotic grooves can be created on it.
On the same basis can be made decorative finishes, which create a durable layer of stone chips on the surface. This version of the plaster can be purchased ready-made or even made independently by adding the selected version of the mineral crumb to any of the facade finishing solutions.
| Possible components of decorative plaster | Purpose of materials |
|---|---|
| Cement | Acts as a binder for the rest of the plaster ingredients. |
| Lime | Lime is an excellent plasticizer, which gives the mortar flexibility and ease of application to surfaces, and also prolongs the pot life of the mixture. |
| stone chips | This additive gives the finish a decorative effect and creates a reliable protection for the main wall. Stone chips can have different fractions, ranging from fine powder to 5÷6 mm. The created effect of wall cladding will depend on this. |
| washed sand | This ingredient is mandatory in cement-based mortars - it gives them strength, provided that the proportions are correctly chosen. |
| ground mica | This component is necessary to give the surface of the walls a reflective effect. |
| Coloring pigments | They are used as a decorative additive that colors the mixture in the selected color. |
| Acrylic, liquid glass, silicone resins | These substances are used in expensive mixtures as binders instead of cement. |
Decorative relief plasters - the widest possibilities wall decoration!
If the reader has a desire to choose just such a finish, then he can learn more about it in a special article on our portal, completely devoted to application.
Facade siding - "boards" and panels
Siding, due to the variety of types and ease of installation, has gained great popularity among the owners of private houses. This finishing material is somewhat reminiscent of lining, but differs from it in that it has a special fastening, which facilitates the installation of "boards" and panels on facade walls.
It can be made of polymer (PVC), wood, metal. The panels are attached various colors, and most often the lights imitate natural finishing materials.
It is produced in the form of wide and narrow "boards" - lamellas or large-format panels. The cladding elements are fastened horizontally with an overlap, and for this, a perforated bar located in the upper part of the board or panel is used, through which the fixing parts are screwed. This design allows the siding to reliably protect the walls of the house not only from moisture, but also from other influences of an aggressive environment. Under this cladding (between the guides of the frame structure), one of the insulation materials can be installed.
on brick or concrete wall, as well as when mounted on top of the insulation material, the siding cladding is fixed on a pre-fixed crate. If it gets off wooden house, then the lamellas and panels can be installed and fixed directly to the walls using wood screws.
The table shows comparative characteristics siding from various materials:
| Indicator | Vinyl (acrylic) siding | metal siding | wood siding |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lamels (boards) | |||
| Panels | |||
| Raw materials for the manufacture of cladding | Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) | Galvanized steel or aluminum, polyurethane coating | natural wood |
| Installation temperature | From -10 to +35 degrees | Not limited | Not limited |
| Operating temperatures during operation | -50 to +50 degrees | -50 to +80 degrees | -80 to +80 degrees |
| Ignition temperature | Not combustible, melting at + 450 degrees | Not combustible, deformation occurs at high temperatures | From + 300 degrees |
| Fire safety | Does not support combustion | Does not support combustion | combustible |
| Hygroscopicity | Non-hygroscopic | Non-hygroscopic | Hygroscopic |
| Sensitivity to temperature changes | Medium | Low | Medium |
| Surface treatment | Not required | Not required | Impregnation with antiseptics and flame retardants |
| Coloring | Not required | Not required | Staining, staining, varnishing |
| Color Range | About 20 shades + imitation of the texture of natural materials | More than 100 shades + imitation of the texture of natural materials + decorative coatings. | Various shades of wood |
| Color restoration | Impossible | Coloring is possible | Special coatings available |
| Types of surface textures | Smooth, embossed and embossed | Smooth | |
| Use of panels and lamellas of different sizes | Impossible | Impossible | Maybe |
| Mounting | Easy to mount and fix | Quite difficult | |
| Resistance to mechanical stress | High, but becomes brittle at low temperature | Medium, deformed from impacts | High |
| Scratch resistance | High | Medium | High |
| Sound and thermal insulation | Medium | Low | High |
| Cladding care | Requires cleaning | Easy to clean with water | Requires maintenance - cleaning and possibly replacing the coating |
| The weight | 1.8÷2.25 kg/m² | 3.9÷5.8 kg/m² | Depends on the type and quality of wood. |
| Cladding thickness | 0.7 - 1.2 mm | 0.48 - 0.61 mm | 20 - 40 mm |
| Maximum lamella length | up to 3660 mm | up to 6000 mm | up to 6000 mm |
| Environmental friendliness | Quality confirmed by certificates | Eco-friendly natural material | |
| Low | Low | High | |
| Service life with proper installation and care | Up to 50 years old | Up to 50 years old | Up to 50 years old |
A variety of siding is also a “block house”, which is also made in panels and boards from any of the materials mentioned above, but differs in its shape, which imitates the surface of a log, so the building finished with this type of cladding looks like a wooden frame.
Siding prices
Facade tiles
Has good performance characteristics. With the advent modern technologies production, tiles for exterior cladding of houses acquire higher aesthetic indicators and qualities that prolong its service life. A wide range of facade tiles allows you to choose it for every taste and according to the available financial possibilities.
To opt for one of the options for this material, it is worth briefly considering the characteristics of some of the most popular of them.
| The name of the tile according to the material of manufacture Appearance Main characteristics of the material |
|---|
| A NATURAL STONE |
| Natural materials always attract with their environmental friendliness and this significantly differs from the facings that imitate them. However, it cannot be said that they “consist” only of virtues. The "pluses" of natural finishes include strength and frost resistance, resistance to chemicals, durability, aesthetic and presentable appearance. The disadvantages of natural plates can outweigh their advantages, since they are quite significant. So - this is a high price for the material itself and its installation. The lining has a rather large weight and lower adhesion than artificial materials. For finishing the facade, the following types of natural stone are used: - Marble and granite of various shades, which has a dense structure and endures various external influences. – Sandstone, which has a porous structure and is considered to be a rather soft agglomerate, therefore, during its installation on the wall, if necessary, it can be easily cut. Due to the above qualities, as well as a relatively affordable price, it is often used for facade cladding. - Limestone is another stone available for sawing or cutting, but without special processing it is not recommended to use it for exterior decoration, as it is not resistant to external natural influences. The stone begins to crumble, losing its strength and aesthetic appeal. |
| FAKE DIAMOND |
| Artificial stone is an imitation of natural stone tiles and is made from such cement, sand, gypsum, acrylic binders and synthetic fibers. In addition, stone chips are added to some of its types. Depending on the material of manufacture, the characteristics of the finishing material may vary. It should be noted right away that the gypsum version of the cladding is more suitable for interior design. Decorative acrylic stone is used for both outdoor and interior decoration walls, as it has high reliability and strength, which is reinforced by the synthetic fibers included in the finishing material. Acrylic is able to withstand mechanical stress, it is non-hygroscopic, does not absorb pollution, and is distinguished by numerous shades, as well as aesthetic appearance. Decorative facing stone, made on a cement basis, has a more affordable price, unlike other finishes in this series, and, moreover, having high technical characteristics. concrete stone excellent for facade work, as products made in compliance with the technology have even higher strength and resistance to external influences than natural stone. |
| CERAMIC TILES |
| Ceramic tiles are popular for finishing both indoors and on the facade of the building. This finishing material is made from clay, and the process of its manufacture is almost the same as for bricks, that is, the tile is fired for many hours until the clay and additives included in the mixture are sintered. The result is an almost non-hygroscopic finishing material. There are several types of tiles, each of which has its own purpose. For facade decoration, unglazed wood is most often used. ceramic tile with a relief surface that imitates natural stone. Ceramic finishes are distinguished by a wide range of colors, aesthetics, as well as resistance to environmental changes and external influences. Properly laid material will last at least 50 years. It is very important to choose the right adhesive composition and securely close the seams between the tiles with grout, because if moisture begins to penetrate into the gaps between them, the cladding will not last long on the wall. |
| CLINKER TILE |
| Clinker tiles are also made from clay, but for this, special varieties of it and a special high-temperature firing technology are used. The tile imitates a natural stone or the surface and shape of a brick, so on the wall, upon completion of the installation of the cladding, a very reliable imitation of brickwork is obtained, which is almost impossible to distinguish from the real one. The facing material has high strength and durability. Clinker tiles have a number of advantages over conventional ceramic finishes - these are high frost resistance and strength, resistance to mechanical stress, aggressive environments and ultraviolet rays. The disadvantage of this cladding is that it will cost much more than conventional ceramic tiles. |
| TERRACOTA TILE |
| Another option for ceramic facade decoration is terracotta tiles, which are also called “architectural”. This material differs in that it is made from already fired kaolin clay without the addition of chemical pigments. Different shades of cladding are achieved by mixing several types of clay, so the palette can vary from light beige colour to dark brown. The surface of the tile can be rough or smooth and glazed. The advantages of terracotta finishes are heat resistance up to + 1000 degrees and frost resistance, as well as resistance to temperature extremes, relatively low hygroscopicity, durability, environmental friendliness of the material. Affordable price, which is lower than the cost of clinker and natural stone, allows you to save some money. The disadvantages of terracotta can only be called the lack of a variety of colors, but its warm ocher and brown shades will fit well into any design solution facade. |
It is very important to know what to look for when choosing such a finish for the facade, as the recommendations will help you acquire high-quality material that will be easier to mount on the wall, and keep in good condition during operation.
- Tiles for exterior decoration can be corrugated or smooth. A smooth surface is easier to care for compared to embossed options, since dirt practically does not linger on it.
- When buying a finishing tile, it is necessary to check all packages, as the material must be from the same batch. In the case of buying cladding from different batches, the tiles may have different shades, so it is recommended to mix elements from different batches with each other in order to achieve a uniform color of the facade.
- There should be no defects on the products - cavities and cracks.
- When choosing a lining, you should pay attention to the service life declared by the manufacturer, as well as “estimate” the cost of annual maintenance of the finish, which includes cleaning and treatment with protective agents.
Facade finishing panels
Facade panels are one of the most sought-after and original finishes, as they can be selected to suit every taste. Many of them are also distinguished by ease of installation on the walls.
Such cladding is made from different materials - plastic, metal, fiber cement, a composite of sand and polymers, wood and even glass. The convenience also lies in the fact that the panels are made not only in various formats, but also with a different number of layers. Multilayer panels provide an insulating layer, therefore, by cladding the facade with them, two problems can be solved at once - insulation and decorative finishes.
Facade panels are assembled on the wall into a single coating that can protect the building from various external influences. The panels, as a rule, have a relatively small weight, so it is quite possible to clad the walls of an old house built from any materials with them.
| Type of panels according to the material of manufacture Appearance The main characteristics of the panels |
|---|
| POLYMER SAND PANELS |
| Polymer sand panels are made from polymers, sand and pigments that give the cladding the desired shade. This finishing material is great for decorating facades, fences, loggias and balconies, as well as for stoves and fireplaces. The panels are made by pressing and firing at a temperature of 1200 degrees, which brings the components to sintering into a single mass. Thanks to this technology, the lining acquires high strength and durability, low hygroscopicity, resistance to chemical compositions, and high wear resistance. The panels are lightweight, easily assembled into a single structure and do not require reinforcement of the foundation, so they can be completely lined with walls on their own. Polymer sand plates increase the thermal insulation of walls, perfectly hide their flaws, while leveling the surface. The panels are produced in a wide range of colors and can have a different relief pattern and size - they can be combined with other finishing materials, for example, with decorative plasters. The facing material is resistant not only to high, but also to low temperatures, which can be -60÷65 degrees. It is easy to care for such a cladding, since all contamination is easily washed off with plain water. These panels are in perfect harmony with tiled roof, as they are painted in shades close to it. Polymer sand panels can be single-layer, and they are also used in the manufacture of thermal panels, mounting the outer decorative layer. |
| METAL PANELS |
| Metal panels are made of galvanized steel or aluminium. They can have a smooth or profiled surface with a polymer coating that protects the metal from corrosion and gives the cladding an aesthetic appearance. The metal used for the production of this type of cladding can have different thicknesses, ranging from 0.55 mm. To cover the metal, polymers are used - pural, polyester and plastisol, which give the surface a glossy or matte sheen. Metal panels are characterized by a long service life, which is more than 30 years, resistance to low temperatures, corrosion, alkalis and acids. The material is absolutely incombustible, shock and water resistant, a variety of colors, ease of installation and operating temperatures, leaving a range from -45 to +50 degrees. The disadvantages of such a cladding include the fact that it does not create any thermal insulation for the walls. Therefore, if the surfaces need to be insulated, you will have to purchase additional insulating material. |
| VINYL PANELS |
| Facade panels made of polyvinyl chloride have gained the greatest popularity among the owners, as they have an aesthetic appearance, a variety of relief surface patterns, and at the same time they have a very affordable price. The products are easily assembled into a single cladding with a latch lock, and fixed to the wall with self-tapping screws. Other positive qualities of vinyl panels include durability (30 years or more), low flammability - G1, good water resistance, inertness to biological and corrosive decomposition, light weight of facing plates, which is only 5 kg / m², resistance to ultraviolet radiation, low thermal conductivity . Vinyl tiles also have their drawbacks. At low temperatures, the material becomes brittle, and if mechanical stress is applied to it, the plates may be damaged. |
| DOUBLE-LAYER THERMOPANELS |
| Two-layer wall thermal panels consist of an outer decorative layer, which is made of metal, a polymer composition (for example, polyurethane), clinker tiles or decorative concrete, as well as an insulating polyurethane foam or polystyrene foam layer having a thickness of 40 to 100 mm. Due to the multi-layered panels and the special assembly design, this cladding provides excellent thermal and sound insulation of the walls. The advantages of thermal panels can be considered a long service life of 30 to 50 years, resistance to low temperatures, to external influences. This type has low thermal conductivity and high moisture resistance, low weight and a wide temperature range, which range from -50 to +100 degrees. The panels are easy to mount on the wall and require virtually no maintenance. The disadvantages of thermal panels include the instability of the insulation material to open fire, therefore it is recommended to purchase a finish in which extruded polyurethane foam is used as a heater, since it has the property of self-extinguishing. |
| SANDWICH PANELS |
| Another option for insulating the facade of the facing material is sandwich panels, consisting of three layers, two of which are made of different materials - it can be PVC, fiberboard, magnesite board or galvanized metal with a polymer paint coating. Between the outer sheets there is a plate of insulating material - mineral wool, polyurethane foam or expanded polystyrene of different densities. This type of facade cladding perfectly protects the walls from wind and low temperatures, and also provides them with good sound insulation. In terms of thermal conductivity, a sandwich panel with a thickness of 100 mm corresponds to the same quality of slag concrete 950 mm thick, brick - 1400 mm, aerated concrete - 600 mm. Therefore, this facing material is well suited for the facades of houses located in regions with a harsh climate. Sandwich panels are mounted according to the “groove-thorn” principle, therefore they create an airtight coating for the facade. |
| FIBER CEMENT PANELS |
| Fiber cement panels are made from cement, mineral fillers and cellulose fibers - the latter make up about 10% of the total volume of the mixture and are an effective reinforcing additive. Panels made of this material are great for finishing the walls of not only new, but also old houses, as they are relatively light in weight due to the hollowness of their design. The slabs are fixed on a crate made of a metal profile and a wooden beam treated with a special primer, which is pre-installed on the wall. Between themselves, the plates are often connected with a tongue-and-groove lock. The surface of the panels can have different relief patterns imitating brick or masonry, wood texture. A protective polyurethane or acrylic coating is applied on top of the relief, and in some cases the surface is finished with a layer of stone chips. The thickness of fiber cement panels can vary in the range of 8÷15 mm, and their specific gravity - 16÷30 kg/m². The “pluses” of this type of facing material include a long service life of 25–30 years, high resistance to ultraviolet radiation, since the substances that make up the material of the plates have the ability to absorb sunlight, high heat and frost resistance, inertness to biological and corrosive decomposition, absolute incombustibility, low thermal conductivity, good sound absorption and environmentally friendly finishes. Fiber cement panels also have their own “minuses” - this is a rather high hygroscopicity, reaching up to 7%, which can lead to deformation processes of the plates, low impact resistance of the cladding, as well as the fact that some of the plate models are uncoated and require painting, which associated with additional costs. |
| GLASS PANELS |
| Glass facade panels are rarely used in private construction - they are mainly used for office buildings or supermarkets, so this cladding is classified as a representative class. However, sometimes such a finish is still used for certain sections of the facades of private houses. For facade panels, different types of glass are produced, which differ in impact resistance (class A), designed to protect against vandalism and burglary (class B), bulletproof glass (class B). In addition to these options. tempered, reinforced, laminated (triplex) glass is used. Armored glass has a thickness of up to 6 mm and can be primed and painted in any shade, as well as have a decorative pattern on the surface. In addition, glass can be mirrored, frosted, opaque and transparent. Glass granulate foam boards are one of the varieties of this type of panels. They are reinforced with fiberglass mesh on both sides and 26 mm thick. Colored glass can be fixed to the surface of these panels, or they can be decorated with stone chips with a fraction of up to 6 mm, metal plates up to 2 mm thick, which imitate precious metals. Another type of glass front plates are crystallized panels. This option is made from inorganic substances, and the creation of a crystallized glass panel occurs in processes close to the natural processes of granite formation. So specifications of these panels sometimes exceed the parameters of granite and marble. The "pluses" of glass panels include low thermal conductivity, high sound insulation, especially for laminated options, as they have a sound-absorbing effect. Tinted glass panels reduce the effect of ultraviolet radiation on the rooms inside the house, and mirror plates reflect the sun's rays, preventing the rooms inside the building from heating up. Corrugated glass coated with metal oxide is also an excellent reflector. The disadvantages of glass panels can be considered the complexity of the calculation and installation of the structure, as well as the high price for drafting the project. Glass panels are mounted on an aluminum profile frame in three ways. The crossbar facade (classic) consists of an internal frame assembled from crossbar posts and an external profile, clamps and decorative covers. Frameless facade (structural). When installing the facade in this way, the frame is not installed, and the glass is glued to the aluminum frame profiles from the outside. This design is one of the facade units - a cassette, from which all or part of the wall is mounted. The cassettes are attached to each other mechanically through the holes provided in the aluminum frame. From the outside, the joints between the cassettes are sealed with a sealant that is similar in appearance and properties to the glass structure. The spider facade has the most original glazing, but it is most often used in the construction of public buildings. |
facade wallpaper
Facade wallpaper is the new kind exterior decoration of buildings, which has recently appeared on the Russian construction market. The most famous products are those of the German company Erfurt.
Despite the fact that the material has not yet gained wide popularity, many builders have already appreciated the convenience of working with it. It is very convenient that the wallpaper is sold in combination with all the components necessary for installation - these are the canvases themselves in rolls, profiles with reinforcing mesh, special glue designed specifically for this material, as well as paint for the final stage of work.
So, in order to have an idea of what this kit is, it is worth considering each of its components.
- Cloth facade wallpaper
Facade wallpapers are supplied in rolls 710 mm wide and 20 meters long. The canvas is made from synthetic fibers, but does not contain polyvinyl chloride, formaldehyde, heavy metal compounds and plasticizers. Therefore, the material is safe for both humans and the environment.
In addition to the environmental friendliness of facade wallpaper, they have a number of positive qualities, such as resistance to ultraviolet rays, temperature extremes, vapor permeability and frost resistance. One or another textured pattern is usually clearly visible on the canvases.
- Reinforcing adhesive
The second most important component of the system is a reinforcing adhesive made on the basis of an acrylic copolymer. The composition of this adhesive has a fairly thick consistency, so it is able to hide minor flaws on the surface of the wall.
The adhesive mass is sufficiently elastic and well compatible with the cement base, so it is easy to work with, and after drying it becomes resistant to external natural influences such as rain, snow, wind, sunlight. The glue is applied to the prepared base with a roller, and if the mass becomes too thick, then it is quite possible to dilute it with water.
- Profiles with reinforcing mesh
These elements, equipped with a reinforcing mesh, are necessary when gluing facade wallpapers, since their purpose is to fasten the sheets at joints, corners, junctions, etc., creating a monolithic coating on the wall.
So, the kit should include:
- the starting (closing) profile, shown in the lower figure, is installed horizontally along the lower and upper parts of the wall, as well as along the sides of the pasted surface and at the joints of the canvases, where the element is mounted vertically;
— corner profile designed to strengthen the corner parts of the walls of the facade, including on the slopes of the door and window openings, as well as to create their clear lines.
These elements are mounted on the walls using the same adhesive that is used to stick wallpaper.
- Facade wallpaper paint
The final stage of finishing is painting the facade wallpaper in the chosen color. Experts recommend using Alligator brand facade paint, which is reinforced with silicone resins, has a high degree of diffusion, without creating tension to the pasted wallpaper. In addition, thanks to the Guard technologies, where fungicidal and algaecidal additives are used, such paint is able to protect the base on which it is applied from any biological damage.
The paint has good hiding power, which is achieved even when applying a thin layer. The dried layer of paint takes the form of a mineral matte coating, which is highly resistant to moisture, including heavy rains.
It should be noted that such paints are widely used for restoration work during the reconstruction of architectural monuments - and this says a lot!
Benefits of facade wallpaper
This type of finish, which is rather unusual according to our concepts, has many advantages compared to others. facade materials:
- Durability of finish - the manufacturer guarantees a 30-year service life.
- Walls covered with facade wallpaper look like ordinary smooth or embossed plaster, but unlike it, cracks will never appear on the surface.
- A fairly simple installation of the coating compared to putting the walls in order with the help of plaster compositions. Before sticking wallpaper on the surface of the facade, it does not need to be carefully leveled - this work will be done by the glue applied under the wallpaper. The only thing that needs to be done is to seal the cracks with elastic sealants.
Facade wallpaper can be called a unique material that can create a German-style high-quality aesthetic and reliable coating for the walls of a house. Of course, this finish has a great future.
For those who are interested in this innovative method facade decoration, it will be useful to familiarize yourself with the presentation video:
Video: Advanced technologies for building decoration - facade wallpaper "Erfurt"
So, having familiarized yourself with the numerous materials intended for, you can make a choice suitable option. Having settled on one of them and having learned its cost, it is necessary to immediately calculate all the additional elements for its installation, and only after that it will be possible to estimate the approximate scale of the upcoming costs. It must be borne in mind that components, alas, sometimes run up in price up to an amount comparable to the cost of the main finishing material.
The facade is clothing for the home, and as you know, you are met by clothes. The first impression of a private house is made precisely due to the beautiful facade. How clothes are made from different types fabrics, and materials of various types are used for decoration. In addition to the decorative function, the exterior finish of the building protects the walls from the temperature, chemical and physical effects of the environment.
The main finishes include siding, natural stone, stucco, brick cladding, tile and artificial stone.
Siding
Siding (wooden, metal or plastic panels) is currently a very popular type of finish. Its advantages are low labor intensity, ease of installation of panels and a relatively low price. It has a certain similarity with the lining, but due to the special fastening of the panels, the installation process is simplified.
Under the siding, an insulating layer (polystyrene, mineral wool, basalt) is attached to the wall, which protects the building from atmospheric influences. Produced in the form of lamellas or large format panels. In the case of fastening to a brick or block, or when insulating a building, a wooden crate is used.
Siding can be sewn onto a tree without a crate using self-tapping screws. One of the varieties of siding is a block house, which looks like wooden logs. Our article provides a lot of photos of a beautiful facade of a private house with block house siding and other types of siding.
Natural and artificial stone
Natural stone is an environmentally friendly material that has such advantages as strength, solid appearance, frost resistance and immunity to atmospheric effects of the environment. However, there are also disadvantages - high cost, difficulties in landing on a solution and selection compared to artificial substitutes.
The types of stone used in the decoration include marble, sandstone and limestone. Marble, as well as granite, are the most durable and weather-resistant.
Sandstone is looser and better processed, in addition, it is much cheaper than marble, it is the most common of the facing materials of this class. Limestone, like sandstone, is easy to cut and saw, but is short-lived and requires special processing.
Artificial stone imitates natural material. It is made from sand, cement, gypsum, as well as acrylic binder fibers. May also contain stone chips. Best suited for exterior façades decorative rock from acrylic.
Due to the use of synthetic fibers, it has good strength and elasticity. Does not condense moisture, has a rich color range, does not absorb dirt and has a beautiful appearance.
It should be noted in a favorable direction cement-based stone, in particular concrete. Being inexpensive, it surpasses limestone and sandstone in strength.
Plaster
Plaster, or wet facade, is called so because of the use of liquid or semi-liquid plaster solutions. It is possible to carry out plastering work both directly on top of the stone, and after the insulation of the facade with foam plastic. It is divided into mineral, acrylic, silicate and silicone, depending on the composition.
Mineral plaster is the cheapest, although short-lived. The advantage is that the walls treated with it “breathe” if they are made of air-permeable material (shell rock).
You can insulate the facade of the building with mineral wool or basalt. It makes no sense to apply mineral plaster near highways and railways, since it is not elastic and will quickly crack from vibrations. The service life is not more than 10 years.
Acrylic plaster is much more elastic than mineral plaster, so it can be used close to communications. It is used together with polystyrene foam insulation; after processing with such material, the walls do not “breathe”. The disadvantages include the fact that acrylic absorbs dust, as well as the need to carry out in the building forced ventilation. The service life compared to mineral plaster is approximately twice as long (about 20 years).
Silicate plaster is used in the design of expensive and high-quality facades. It is the best plastering material, very flexible, breathable and does not absorb dust. The service life is more than 25 years.
Silicone plaster, as well as silicate, is breathable, resistant to chemical attack, plastic, and antistatic. It is applied without restrictions, service life at the correct drawing not less than 25 years.
Cladding with tiles and bricks
Brick cladding - very beautiful option finishing the facade of a private house, gives the house a solid and respectable look. It is quite laborious, it is not done without thickening or strengthening the foundation of the building.
The fact is that the brick absorbs moisture, so an additional layer of waterproofing is laid on the foundation. Thermal insulation is achieved by installing basalt or mineral wool pillows under the brickwork, the facade must be ventilated. It is advisable to connect the wall with brickwork flexible connections, about 7 pieces per 1 m2.
In order for the masonry to be strong, its height should not exceed 7 meters along with the pediment. To give masonry original look, you can use a brick of several colors, you can also add a coloring pigment to the solution.
Facing with tiles turns the nondescript facade of the building almost into an architectural monument. Facade tiles are ceramic, clinker and terracotta.
Ceramic tiles, like bricks, are fired and sintered with the additives included in the composition. Unglazed tiles with a relief surface are used for exterior decoration. Outwardly, it resembles a natural stone. Differs in the high durability and durability, is not subject to chemical influence of environment. Be sure to grout between the seams so that moisture does not get under the tile.
Clinker tiles are processed at higher temperatures than ceramic tiles. Special grades of clay are used for its manufacture. Outwardly, it is practically indistinguishable from brick, very durable, service life of at least 50 years.
Even more durable than ceramic, it has increased temperature resistance to sub-zero temperatures and to ultraviolet radiation. The downside is the very high purchase price.
Terracotta, or "architectural", tiles are made from kaolin clay without the addition of a coloring pigment. Colors vary depending on the addition of clay of different shades, tiles can be dark brown or light beige. It is both smooth and rough.
The advantages of tiles include insensitivity to heat and cold, environmental friendliness of the material, good waterproofing and long service life. The purchase cost is much lower than that of clinker tiles. The disadvantages include only a poor color scheme.
Each façade finish has its own advantages and disadvantages. Where to stop - the decision is made based on artistic preferences, financial capabilities and the specifics of the operating conditions of housing.
Photos of facades of private houses
