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How and what is the cheapest way to build a house: we compare materials and technologies. What is cheaper to build a house from - various ways Which houses are quickly built

Starting the construction of a house, the future owner must solve many issues, the main of which is what material to build from. The choice is influenced by many factors, both subjective and objective.

If for some developers the cost is not significant, then for others this parameter is decisive.

In the same way, the future comfort and safety of living should be considered. This article discusses the features various options construction of a country house.

The main options for building a house

Along with the cost factor of construction, one should take into account the features of the building design, climatic conditions, appearance and speed of construction works.

brick house

A brick house always has a spectacular appearance, but it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the choice of material. Brick products vary significantly in quality. For example, there are bricks that cannot be used in conditions of high humidity and temperature changes.

Houses made of such material will not last more than 15-20 years. But there is material, houses from which will stand for more than 30 years.

The advantages of brick material are:

durability;
strength;
increased noise and heat insulation;
environmental friendliness and the possibility of a variety of interior decoration.

At the same time, such material is quite expensive, construction is possible only in warm time years, and the houses themselves warm up for a long time and are afraid of dampness.

Houses made of aerated concrete and foam concrete

Cellular concrete is an artificial stone in which the pore-cells are evenly distributed and filled with gas or foam bubbles. Unlike foam blocks, aerated concrete is more inclined to accumulate moisture.

Blocks artificial stone easy to move, not subject to rot and rust.

In comparison with brick material, foam blocks can withstand lower loads, so these materials are often used in combination - for bearing walls brick is used, and for internal walls- foam blocks with high thermal insulation properties.

Advantages of foam concrete:

economy and fast pace of construction;
higher noise and heat insulation compared to brick;
the possibility of conducting communications through the voids of the blocks.

Such blocks are less durable, and in the cold season you need to warm up the house and provide protection from dampness.

Artificial stone must be covered with protective materials, and during the operation of the house, precipitation and cracks may occur. In the latter case, a more powerful foundation and adherence to masonry technology are required.

Good solution for permanent residence are houses made of rubble stone. In summer, they create coolness due to thick walls.

But with irregular residence, additional heating costs will arise - it is rather problematic to heat a building with such walls.

Monolithic houses

Houses made of monolithic concrete are characterized by high strength. This material is used in the construction of houses with a higher number of storeys. The advantages of such houses are:

high construction speed;
slight shrinkage of the structure;
strength and long service life;
seismic resistance and the possibility of construction on difficult ground, in areas with increased risk of floods;
the possibility of creating original designs.

At the same time, the construction of monolithic houses is higher, in winter period it increases even more, including through the use of special equipment. Such houses are characterized by low sound insulation, poor ventilation, require additional insulation.

Modern frame houses

Frame-panel technologies are common in the construction of houses due to their low cost, high speed and ease of construction (assembly), as well as due to relatively good operating parameters and seismic stability.

In such houses, reinforced concrete or timber is used. Its purpose is to provide the structure with strong support and load-bearing structures. To ensure insulation, a variety of heaters are used, which are subsequently covered finishing materials.

Since frame houses are quite light and elastic, they do not require a strong foundation. Shrinkage will be insignificant, and therefore finishing can be done immediately after the construction of the structure.

Panel houses are built from prefabricated panels, which are stuffed with special insulating materials. From the outside, the house is finished with a special façade type tile.

To significant disadvantages frame houses include:

low sound insulation and vibration isolation;
possible voids in which pests may appear;
destruction of insulation, which harms the health of residents.
requirements for the height of the house - no more than 2 floors.

Construction of log houses

Wood is an environmentally friendly, radio and magnetically transparent material, which is often used in the construction of houses. In summer, wood absorbs moisture in the air and dries it.

And in winter, when it dries, it evaporates moisture, softening the air in the rooms. However, this effect persists for several years, until the wood dries out and loses these properties. And increased absorption of moisture can lead to damage to the material.

When a decision is made to build a house from rounded logs or profiled timber, it is necessary to plan additional processing of seams and joints after the tree has dried and shrinked.

A wooden house needs constant care. Permanent residence in the building is necessary in order to heat it and dry it in a timely manner. Otherwise, the risk of rotting and the occurrence of mold and fungi increases. Therefore, wood is treated with special antibacterial compounds, as well as fire-fighting solutions.

Wooden houses can be built on difficult ground, do not require a strong foundation. In addition, frost resistance and maintaining a stable temperature regime are ensured.

And the most important condition for ensuring long-term operation the house is a high-quality roof with a high plinth, which will prevent leakage and getting wet.

The considered advantages and disadvantages of various structural solutions for the house are decisive when choosing a construction method.

If you are planning a long-term residence, then you need to opt for a stone building with external insulation. best solution for bath and summer house is an wooden beam. The choice is yours based on your budget and desired layout.

Photos of the best buildings of private houses

If the option of moving out of town is seriously considered, the question of which is better to build a house for permanent residence comes to the fore. The choice of materials for construction depends on the preferences of the owner of the future housing, his financial capabilities, in some ways - on the prevailing local traditions. Of course, the specifics of the climatic conditions of the region and the characteristics of the soils on the site acquired for the construction of housing are taken into account.

Today, both traditional and new technologies are used for the construction of private houses. In order to opt for one of them, you need to figure out what problems you will encounter during large-scale construction work and during the operation of the finished building.

Criteria for choosing material for construction

When choosing a material for building a house, you should start from a number of important criteria:

In order for the house to be comfortable for living at any time of the year, when choosing a material for construction, it is necessary to take into account the average winter temperatures of the region where it is planned to build it, comparing them with the thermal insulation qualities of future walls and ceilings.

In addition, most potential owners seek to make their housing energy efficient. That is, with minimal energy costs, to receive indoor comfortable temperature both in winter and summer.
The ability of a building material to become an effective barrier against external noise is especially important if the building is being built near a busy highway or railway.
The durability and reliability of a residential building will directly depend on the strength of the selected material.
The appearance of the building also plays an important role. Therefore, it is immediately necessary to decide: which version of the material is preferable - requiring or not requiring additional finishing.
Of course, an important criterion is always the affordability of the material. In many ways, it depends on the region of construction.
If the owner plans to carry out the construction on his own (in whole or even in part), then the degree of complexity of working with the chosen building material may also be a priority of the criteria.

The main types of materials for building a private house

Today, for the construction of houses, both traditional materials are used, which have been used, without exaggeration, for centuries, and developed relatively recently, but have already shown themselves on the positive side.

So, when deciding on materials for building a house, you need to know that they are conventionally divided into four groups:

Natural wood (log or timber).
Brick, stone and shell rock.
Porous blocks.
Composite materials based on wood.

To determine which of the listed materials is better to choose for a particular case, it is necessary to consider their physical and technical characteristics and other features.

Brick

For the construction of houses, silicate and ceramic bricks are used. Both one and the second option are produced in two types, which differ in the internal structural structure - a brick can be hollow and solid.

Both types are widely used for building walls of houses. However, different bricks can also have very different characteristics.

Solid and hollow ceramic bricks

Solid brick has a higher strength, so it can withstand high loads. However, it has a high thermal conductivity, and because of this, walls made of it usually require additional insulation and cladding.

Ceramic and silicate, solid or hollow bricks - each has its own advantages and disadvantages

Hollow products retain heat better in the house, so they are often lined with a wall built of solid bricks, leaving a space between the walls that is filled with heat-insulating materials - slag, expanded clay, foam concrete or expanded polystyrene.

Agree, it is very difficult to compete with neat brickwork in terms of the aesthetics of the facade.

Brick houses have a respectable appearance and a long service life, which sometimes exceeds the deadlines laid down in the design of the building. Buildings made of this material favorably differ from other buildings in their strength and reliability. That is why, despite the emergence of innovative materials, the brick has not lost its popularity at all, as it has successfully passed the test of time. The proof of this is that the buildings, sometimes erected several centuries ago, are still in operation.

However, despite the large number of positive qualities of a brick, this material has not only advantages, but also obvious disadvantages.

To the main benefits brick, and hence the houses built from it, include:

Ecological purity of the material.

Nowadays, future home owners always pay special attention to this quality of the material. Brick buildings in this regard are impeccable, since the composition of the solution from which the products are made does not include artificially produced or toxic components. Ceramic bricks are made from refined clay, and silicate bricks are made from sand and lime.

The strength of the structure built from it, long service life.

For centuries in different countries both one-story and multi-story buildings were built from bricks, some are still in operation today, without even requiring the restoration of facades. The walls, built of bricks made without violating technology, and laid on a high-quality mortar, are resistant to ultraviolet rays, moisture, wind, and biological damage.

In addition, brick buildings are able to withstand various natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, etc.

Frost resistance.

This quality indicates that the material is able to fully maintain its operational and decorative qualities during numerous cycles of deep freezing and thawing. Today, different brands of bricks are on sale, the frost resistance of which may vary. Therefore, when purchasing this material, you should pay attention to the F indicator, which just shows this number of cycles. The higher the value, the more durable the material.

Natural regulation of humidity in the building.
Fire safety.

Unlike wood, brick is resistant to open fire, as it is made of non-combustible material, besides the past hardening high temperatures during its firing. The brick does not ignite and does not support the combustion of adjacent elements of the building. True, when exposed to open fire for a long time, it loses its safety margin. And this means that the operational life of the walls that survived the fire is significantly reduced.

To the list of essential shortcomings brick buildings include the following factors:

Material cost.

Having chosen a brick for building a house, you need to be prepared for fairly large costs, since, given the “modest” size of the products, a lot of them will be required. In addition to the brick itself, you will need to complete the interior decoration of the walls - this is plastering, followed by puttying, painting, or else. All these processes are also quite costly and require a certain amount of time.

High thermal conductivity of brick. If a house is being built in a region with cold winters, where the temperature drops to -35 ÷ 40 degrees, then the brick walls should be thick and be at least 640 ÷ 770 mm. Another option could be a "sandwich" wall, that is, made according to the principle of "well masonry". In this case, at a certain distance from each other, two relatively thin brick walls are simultaneously erected, the space between which is filled with heat-insulating materials. Sometimes another method is used for insulation - a crate is fixed on the front side of the wall, between the elements of which mineral wool or expanded polystyrene is mounted, and then the walls are lined with one of the decorative materials.
Massiveness.

Brick houses are a very heavy structure. And this means that under them it is necessary to equip a reliable and solid foundation. Otherwise, under high load, it will sag, and with it the brick walls, as a result of which deep cracks will go along them.

Therefore, to build a high-quality one that is guaranteed to cope with a high load, you will also have to seriously spend money.

The design of a brick structure should only be carried out by a professional. Errors in the calculations of the foundation and the determination of the thickness of the bearing walls are unacceptable. The project and calculations will also be expensive.
hygroscopicity of the material.

This quality is especially pronounced in bricks made in violation of technology, that is, in insufficiently hardened or too porous bricks. In houses made of such material, there is always increased humidity, and getting rid of it is quite difficult. Therefore, the walls have to be periodically etched, which takes a lot of time and causes discomfort in the operation of housing. It is good that today there are many tools that will help protect brick walls from moisture - they process surfaces at the very beginning of the building's operation. It will help protect brick walls and a high one that separates them from ground moisture, splashes in the rain or from contact with snow drifts.

Silicate brick is more hygroscopic than ceramic. Therefore, it is not recommended to use it for building a house in regions with a humid climate. And it is completely excluded when laying the basement.

In digital terms, the main characteristics of a brick are as follows:

Feature name	solid brick	hollow brick	silicate brick
Density, kg/m³	1600÷1800	1400÷1700	1700÷1900
Thermal conductivity, W/m˚С	0.81÷0.87	0.44	0.95
Strength, kgf/cm²	125÷200	100÷200	150
Moisture absorption, %	7÷8	7÷8	8÷10
Frost cycles	50÷100	50÷70	35
Recommended wall thickness, mm at air temperature -20/-30/-40 ˚С (mm)	510/640/770	380/510/640	510/640/770

The cost of a brick in the table is deliberately not indicated. This parameter varies over a very wide range, depending on the type, brand, size, manufacturer, region of construction. Even for one seller, the spread of prices for seemingly identical products, but coming from different factories, can be very significant.

Cement based masonry blocks

In recent years, for the construction of a private house are increasingly chosen building blocks made from cement. Such masonry materials have a number of advantages over traditional bricks, and the first of them can be called an affordable cost. In addition, the blocks have impressive linear dimensions - one can replace from 4 or even up to 14 standard bricks, so building a house will go much faster.

Manufacturers today supply cement-based blocks to the construction market, but manufactured using different technologies and with different physical, technical and operational indicators:

Foam blocks and aerated concrete blocks.
Cinder blocks and expanded clay concrete blocks.

To understand what each of these materials is, and how they differ from each other, let's take a closer look at their characteristics.

Aerated concrete and foam concrete blocks

These building materials, at first glance, are similar in their characteristics. However, their manufacturing techniques are somewhat different.

Aerated concrete is made from cement, lime, sand and water with the addition of aluminum powder. Thanks to these components, during the manufacturing process of the composition, a chemical reaction is activated, accompanied by gas evolution, which ensures the creation of a porous structure with an open cell. This determines the very high hygroscopicity of the material.

Foam concrete products are made from cement, sand and water. But the main thing for the formation of the structure of the material is a foaming agent, added at the stage of mixing the solution before pouring into molds. The cell is closed.

Both one and the other blocks can have different densities, and are divided into grades. The numerical indicator in the brand just indicates the density of the finished material (kg / m³):

- D 1000–D 1200 - structural products, that is, intended for the construction of load-bearing walls. Their insulating qualities are not the most outstanding.

- D 500-D 900 - structural and thermal insulation materials. They are the ones most often chosen for individual construction, combining, so to speak, "pleasant with useful".

- D 300- D 500 - thermal insulation blocks. For load-bearing structures, the strength qualities of such a material are clearly not enough.

Foam concrete is also produced in another version, which is marked D1300 to D1600. These are structurally porous blocks having a high density, but also a very significant thermal conductivity. As a rule, the material of this brand is made to order, and is practically not used in the practice of residential construction.

Aerated concrete and foam concrete blocks have the following characteristic features:

Ease of processing. Blocks are easily sawn with a regular wood saw. Thanks to this quality, anyone, even an inexperienced builder, can handle the adjustment of the material during the construction of walls. Moreover, the block can be given an arbitrarily intricate shape.
Material strength. The indicators of this parameter may vary depending on the porosity and brand of the product.
Low thermal conductivity. This indicator averages 0.08÷0.22 W/(m×˚С). The D300 and D500 grades have a particularly low coefficient, so they are great for additional insulation of houses for permanent residence. Walls made of this material perfectly retain heat in the house in the winter cold and cool on hot summer days.
Soundproofing. Aerated concrete and foam concrete have significant noise absorption indicators, and the final parameters depend on other characteristics of the material, as well as on the thickness of the walls. According to the norms of SNiP II-12-77, in private houses the level of sound insulation should be 41 ÷ 60 dB, and the sound insulation qualities of aerated concrete usually exceed these figures:

Brand of material most often used to build a private house	Sound insulation level, dB, with the thickness of the walls of the enclosing structure, mm
	120	180	240	300	360
D500	36	41	44	46	48
D600	38	43	46	48	50

Ecological purity of the material. Industrial production of blocks is carried out under strict control (especially for aerated concrete). In laboratories, checks are carried out for the presence of radioactive materials and toxic components - they are completely excluded.
Mass of blocks. This parameter depends on the density of the material:

As you can see, this parameter can vary somewhat in one direction or another. It must be remembered - the higher the density of the material, the higher its thermal conductivity and the worse the sound insulation.

Along with the positive characteristics, these building materials there are also limitations about which you also need to have information:

Foam and gas blocks are fragile, therefore, during work, with careless handling of the material, it can crack or split. In addition, this can also happen when the foundation shrinks. Therefore, the base under the walls should be as reliable as possible. In order to avoid subsidence and cracking, every second ÷ third row of masonry must be reinforced with metal rods.
The hygroscopicity of aerated concrete can be attributed to serious shortcomings. This feature predetermines an increase in the volume of work, which includes waterproofing measures.
Mandatory interior and exterior finishing involves additional costs.

What to choose - foam concrete or aerated concrete?

At weight common features, have these materials and significant differences. By what criteria can you compare More detailed information can be found in a special publication of our portal.

Expanded clay blocks and cinder blocks

These blocks, like the materials described above, can be classified as very affordable and have decent characteristics.

Their frost resistance and strength are commensurate with similar parameters of brick walls. The blocks have very large linear parameters and relatively low weight, so they are laid in a short time.

Expanded clay blocks are made from cement mortar with the addition of expanded clay of a fine fraction of 5 ÷ 10 mm, or coarse expanded clay sand.

Now, having figured out what the frame structures of houses are, it is necessary to highlight their positive and negative sides.

To virtues correctly built frame houses include the following:

Ability to work independently.
The low thermal conductivity of the walls helps keep the heat inside the house.
Relatively fast and fairly simple installation of structural elements.
There is no need for a massive foundation, as the construction is easy.
The design does not shrink, so you can move into the house immediately after finishing work.
You do not have to level the surfaces of the walls and ceiling, as they are already ready to be carried out decorative finishes both outside and inside.
Relatively low cost.

However, the frame structure also has a fairly large number shortcomings , which can bring disappointment to future residents of the house during its operation:

Low tightness of all frame structures, except fachwerk.
Insufficiently long service life due to low strength and reliability of the structure.
In frame houses, the correct one must necessarily be equipped, otherwise mold may appear on the walls and underground due to insufficient air exchange.
Poor quality of sound insulation.
High fire hazard.

Insulating material in the floor and walls can be chosen for housing by rodents and various insects. And it will be very difficult to get rid of such a “neighborhood”.

So which is better, timber or frame construction?

If you have to decide which form of wood is better to choose for construction - a beam or a log, or give preference to a frame structure, then it would be useful to refer to a special comparative publication. The recommended link leads to it.

* * * * * * *

Above, we figured out what materials can be used to build houses for year-round use. Given their characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, approximate prices in your region, you can decide which one is best for a particular case by combining all the evaluation criteria.

If desires and opportunities coincide, then you can stop at the best option and start developing a project at home.

Complement the information reflected in the article, an interesting video on the same topic:

Video: What material is better to choose for your own residential building?

Every person wants to build their own own house, but even if there land plot or the opportunity to acquire it relatively inexpensively, many consider this a pipe dream. But in vain!

Construction of a 3-room individual residential building "turnkey" for little money- this is real!!!

So, how is it anyway build the cheapest house?

Three main indicators influence the cost of building a residential building:

Architectural and planning solution.

The layout of the house should be compact, functional, modern and as convenient as possible. (Save up to 20%)

constructive solution.

The constructive solution should be simple, rational and without architectural excesses. (Saving up to 10%)

Applied material and work.

Building materials must be modern, and work must be high-tech. (Saving up to 40%)

The project of the cheapest residential building with an increase of up to 6 rooms.

We propose to consider together the project of a residential building, which will help solve the main problem - this is to significantly reduce its cost during construction.

A simple constructive solution, using modern building technologies, allows you to perform a significant amount of work yourself. As the saying goes: “It’s not the gods who burn pots,” but even when hired workers are used, the house that will be discussed is built by a team of 2 people, which slightly increases its cost.

All of the above reduces the cost of building a house by almost half.

In addition, over time, such a house, if desired, can be transformed (increased) to 4, 5 or 6 rooms, while not violating the main functional planning solutions.

The cost of building a house depends on total area, therefore, despite the small size of the house (6 x 9m), it has three living rooms, and the area of the living room (in which we spend most of the time) is 25.75 sq.m.

Let's look at the process of building the cheapest house in more detail.

Architectural and planning solution

The main principle of planning solutions for all residential buildings is based on the minimum ratio of the total area to the usable area, while the layout should be modern and comfortable for living, in other words, you need to extract maximum amenities from the total area.

The total area of this 3-room house is only 54 sq.m.! However, the useful area, which includes all living rooms, a kitchen, a bathroom, an entrance hall, is 52 sq.m. or 96.3% of the total area, while in ordinary houses and apartments this figure ranges from 70%.

Yes, in this house the vestibule is combined with the hallway, but since he is warm it is acceptable for anyone climate zone Russia.

There is not a single pantry in the house, but on personal plot you will eventually have a garage, households. building or sauna, which will fill this gap.

A combined bathroom for apartments is an undesirable thing, however, in a private house it is possible, because. at the host buildings you will also have a bathroom

The project of such a residential building is considered in more detail in this article. In the same place, you can also download a project of a residential building for free, or rather, its planning and architectural solutions.

Structural solution

A simple constructive solution of the house allows you to further reduce construction costs.

The width of the house is 6 m clean - which is quite normal for the ceiling and does not require the construction of an additional main wall (respectively, the foundation and basement).
The planning solution of the combined living room according to generally accepted traditional world standards (in Russia it was a room) allows you to save on the absence of partitions and doors between the dining room kitchen and the hall.
The width of the walls of the house is 30 cm (heat resistance, depending on the climatic zone, is regulated when facing with "siding" the thickness of the additional insulation), respectively, the width of the basement is reduced to 25 cm, i.e. into brick.
All partitions in the house are plasterboard, which does not require additional foundations for them, and they are made using a simplified technology (more details in the working draft).
The roof is gable, without architectural and structural excesses.

The exterior of the cheapest house - option number 1

Appearance of the cheapest house with the option of transformation (increasing the area)

The exterior of the cheapest house - option number 2

The appearance of the cheapest house with the option of transformation - option number 2

Work and building materials

Everyone knows that the "lion's share" in the cost of building a house is the cost of work (about 50%), so it is necessary to use modern high-tech materials. Why?

This will allow almost 90% of the work to be done independently (because all new technologies are designed for the layman) and save a significant part of the money.

Moreover, you can spend money (on building materials) as they become available. But if they are available or you managed to get a loan, then you can build this house yourself (you and an assistant).

Of course, when performing certain types of work, you cannot do without specialists, but as already mentioned, this will be approximately 10%.

Basic building materials and their cost (on average in Russia)

Foundations - monolithic reinforced concrete - 35000r.
Plinth and concrete blind area- brickwork in 1 brick (250mm) - 12000r.
Walls (300mm) - foam concrete, aerated concrete, gas silicate, etc. - 43700r.
Exterior wall cladding - vinyl siding with insulation and lathing - 26520r.
Roofing and ceiling - wooden trusses coated with a metal profile along the crate, insulation, vapor barrier, gypsum plasterboard - 54250r.
Windows - metal-plastic with installation - 30100r.
Partitions, door blocks and interior decoration - GKL (gypsum boards) with sound insulation, wallpapering, plastic panels - 28500r.
Floors - concrete preparation, laminate, carpet and ceramic tile- 29430r.
Water supply and sewerage - plumbing equipment, PVC pipes - 10000r.
Heating - wall-mounted double-circuit boiler; plastic pipes for hot water supply and heating, aluminum radiators - 45500r.
Electricity supply - 11000 rub.

TOTAL: 315000r. Taking into account contingencies (10% of the total), the total cost of building materials is 347000 R.

IMPORTANT! The above prices for the construction of a residential building were calculated in 2010 and are not relevant today. The information provided will be updated shortly.

Schedule of construction work (team of 2 people)

Foundation installation - 3 days
Construction of the basement and draft floors - 3 days
External wall laying - 5 days
Production, installation of trusses, roofing - 3 days
Installation of door and window blocks in the outer walls - 1 day
Facing with siding - 3 days
Installation of electrical wiring - 1 day
Facing load-bearing walls and filing the ceiling with plasterboard sheets - 2 days
Installation of partitions - 2 days
Puttying seams - 1 day
Wallpapering - 2 days
Installation of door blocks - 1 day
Floor installation - 3 days
Internal device engineering networks and installation of plumbing fixtures - 3 days

Total 32 working days.

Taking into account unforeseen work, the construction time is 1.5 months.

Conclusion:

Total: the total cost of building the cheapest house will be 350 tr.

But even if we use fully hired labor, the cost of the house will increase slightly, i.e. exactly one and a half months' salary of 2 workers, which in the end will be much lower than the cost of a similar 3-room apartment.

Make yourself respect - make the dream a reality!

IMPORTANT!
This material is posted on the site for informational and educational purposes.
The design organization is not engaged in the construction of residential buildings.

Building a new home is always a big expense. Few people can afford to build without paying attention to estimates. Most often, you have to save money to fit into the budget. However, the savings must be reasonable, because the owner and his family will live in the new place. The building should be warm, dry, comfortable, pleasing to the eye. How to achieve this without overpayments? First of all, save on a team of workers. If the developer has the necessary skills, then everything or almost everything can be done by yourself. You can also choose inexpensive materials, available technologies, standard project. What is the cheapest way to build a house with your own hands? What is worth saving on, and where is it better not to take risks?

Savings start with project selection. The more complex the architectural forms, the more expensive the construction. It is irrational to try to cut costs at the expense of workers, technical supervision or the quality of materials by initially choosing an expensive project.

It is better to clearly define the necessary living space, without depriving the family, but also without allowing yourself extra square meters, choose simple form roofs. This will allow you to create a cozy home that fully meets the needs of the family, but without architectural "excesses" - a multi-pitched roof, bay windows, columns, arches.

It makes sense to consider construction options for a one- or two-story structure with a residential attic.

A residential attic is much more profitable than a separate floor. For the construction of the floor, more materials will be needed - for walls, insulation, decoration

If you choose lightweight building materials and suitable technologies for building walls, you can save on foundations. You will need a less powerful structure, plus the formwork can be made from substandard boards, used fiberboards.

The only thing that is undesirable to cut costs is cement. It needs to be bought of high quality, otherwise the strength of the structure will be a big question. The depth of the trench under the foundation must also correspond to the estimated weight of the building in order to avoid heavy settlement, which can lead to cracks in the walls.

What is most often used in construction:

brick;
timber;
gas block

In the construction of houses and cottages, frame technology is increasingly being used. This is a promising method that allows you to build quickly and at minimal cost.

To find out what the building will cost the cheapest, you will have to calculate estimates for each of the options, because. the cost of the material itself is far from always an indicator of benefit. For example, opting for multipurpose resources can help reduce costs. The cost of hydro, vapor barrier "two in one" will ultimately cost less than buying two different types isolation.

When calculating, one should proceed from the fact that the finished building should be comfortable for living, comply with heat saving and safety standards.

The advantages of a frame structure are in less time and labor costs for the construction of a building. The design is light, does not create an increased load on the foundation and does not require its strengthening

A dwelling using this technology is being built in terms of several weeks to several months, depending on whether the owner builds it himself or hires a team. Finished buildings are durable, resistant to deformation. The estimated service life is about 75 years.

Bearing structures are convenient for subsequent sheathing with finishing materials, because. all elements are unified. This significantly expands: siding, cassette panels, block house can be mounted on the walls. When sheathed, the strength of the entire structure increases without a significant increase in its weight.

Construction video

There are two main technologies, each of which has its own characteristics.

Frame-panel. What is the cheapest way to build a house? Collected by myself. Of course, this will require skills and equipment. Thanks to this species construction, this is possible, although it will take a lot of time and additional money to buy insulation and other things. The frame is made of wood and sheathed with sandwich panels. Each part has to be mounted separately, which affects the timing and complexity of construction.

Frame-panel. This option is expensive, but reliable and requires much less labor. The design is assembled from ready-made shields, which are manufactured at the factory by special order. Shields are delivered already insulated and completely ready for assembly. If we compare the prices of panel and panel buildings, then the former are more expensive. However, the final cost may turn out to be the same if workers are invited to assemble frame-panel housing, because you have to pay for all types of work separately - assembly, sheathing, thermal insulation, finishing.

The assembled wooden frame already looks like a finished house. It only requires sheathing and finishing. Steam and waterproofing materials are installed in the walls of the structure at the factory, which helps to increase the life of the building

Undeniable advantages of technology:

Profitability. Light weight is an obvious opportunity to save on the foundation, and short terms - on the payment of workers. It is believed that houses built according to frame technology, are the cheapest, but in many respects the profitability depends on the area of \u200b\u200bconstruction, the selected components, finishes, etc. Calculations by experienced engineers show that this is beneficial if the length of the building does not exceed 20 m, and the number of storeys is 3. Often, everything is decided by the project.
High energy saving ratio. Designs quickly and efficiently warm up. The walls are made of materials with low thermal conductivity, thanks to which the structure retains heat well. The thickness of the wall can be 15-20 cm. Additional benefits include lower heating costs compared to a conventional building of the same area.
No shrinkage. The walls of the structure are durable, resistant to deformation, they are highly rigid, and the house itself does not shrink. It also has a positive effect on construction time: Finishing work you can start immediately after the completion of the main work. Sheathing does not require additional processing, which reduces the cost of finishing.

Disadvantages or things to consider:

To assemble such a structure, special knowledge and tools are needed. The qualifications of builders are of fundamental importance, so not every developer can do it on his own, and the team will have to be carefully selected.
Wooden frames require additional treatment with compounds for biological and fire protection.

When choosing a project, special attention should be paid to ventilation. Artificial materials are excellent thermal insulators, but in terms of environmental safety leave much to be desired. If the dwelling is small, then theoretically it is possible to get by with natural ventilation, but ideally, a system of normal air exchange should also be calculated and installed for it.

When mounting frame structures, "wet" technologies are not used. This feature is a big plus, because. allows you to work at any time of the year

Tightness is one of the main advantages frame house, because serves as a guarantee of good thermal insulation. But she also has reverse side- violation of air exchange. So that human waste products, dust and other factors do not worsen the microclimate in the building, do not reduce the amount of oxygen in the air, it is necessary to design a high-quality ventilation system

What to make from:

Wood. Despite all kinds of processing, wood is exposed to moisture, microorganisms. On average, such a frame serves up to 60 years and is inferior to metal counterparts in terms of strength, lightness, and resistance to destructive environmental factors.
Metal. For manufacturing, a light thermal profile is used. Its advantages are excellent fire resistance, low weight, corrosion resistance. Metal parts are not subject to attack by fungi and mold. All this can increase the service life of structures up to 100 years.

What is cheaper to build? When drawing up an estimate, a clear advantage will be behind a wooden frame. However, if we "look into the future" and take into account the higher performance properties of the thermal profile, then its service life fully pays for the costs.

The foundation can be chosen tiled, columnar or tape, depending on the type of soil. You can save on an easy-to-install roof - gable or attic. The choice is up to the builder.

Material on the construction of a veranda in a frame-type cottage may also be useful:

1 sq. m metal frame weighs 30-50 kg, with sheathing - about 200 kg. Small specific gravity finished house allows you to build on unstable ground. The profile is also used in the reconstruction of buildings with heavily worn load-bearing structures.

Option # 2 - brick building

Brick is one of the most popular. Houses made of it can hardly be called cheap. The walls have to be made thick, plus they require additional insulation, which leads to an even greater increase in the cost of structures. The weight of the finished structure is large, so the foundation needs to be really strong. It is done to the entire depth of soil freezing.

It's hard to save money on it. The disadvantages include long, laborious construction. However, the durability of structures, their Fire safety and practicality largely offset the costs.

If you look at the prices for the construction of a solid building on the websites of specialized companies, you get the impression that the cost is low. However, even the price of turnkey construction does not include a fine finish: installation floor covering, interior doors, plumbing fixtures, etc.

If you do all this yourself, then only the cost of purchasing materials should be added to the cost. If you need to hire workers, then also pay them. Construction is profitable only if the owner of the site initially correctly selected the project and can perform most of the work on his own.

Video: about brick for buildings

Option # 3 - aerated concrete blocks

Aerated concrete block is a worthy competitor to traditional brick. Building a box is much more profitable than building it. The wall thickness can be reduced by 1/3 without loss of thermal insulation properties. The material itself is noticeably lighter, which allows savings due to the foundation. An additional "bonus" for the owner of the house is good sound insulation.

A dwelling made of aerated concrete blocks "breathes", air exchange is not disturbed in it, because. through pores. However, for the same reason, blocks are considered not the most the best option in terms of waterproofing. If construction is carried out in violation of technology, the finished structure can also be blown through. You need to pay attention to the finish.

As for the construction time, an aerated concrete structure can be erected 2-3 times faster than a brick one, it practically does not shrink. To connect the blocks, special adhesives are used. In this case, it is undesirable to use a conventional cement mortar, because. it gives thick seams, which can cause the formation of "cold bridges".

One of the disadvantages of aerated concrete blocks is the relatively low frost resistance, so you have to take care of a quality finish. As materials, you can use plaster, siding, stone

Option # 4 - economical timber buildings

For the developer, timber is more profitable than anything else. If we compare timber and brick wall in terms of heat-saving properties, it turns out that a structure made of spruce with a thickness of 220 mm and brick with a thickness of 600 mm will be equally warm. Usually, a 200 mm beam is taken for construction, a 100 mm thick insulation is used and a plaster layer of 20 mm is applied.

The advantages of the beam:

profitability;
fast construction (built in a few weeks);
simple technology;
environmental Safety;
excellent thermal insulation;
comfortable microclimate;
lightness of construction.

If you choose what is cheaper to build a house from, then timber is a win-win option. It is profitable, and the technology is simple, and almost any owner of the site can master it, if he already has the skills of the construction business.

When building houses from a bar, you need to carefully design heating and power supply systems. Buildings are considered fire hazardous. Also, the tree is afraid of moisture, therefore, it requires protection from dampness and fungus.

Compare prices per square meter

How and from what it is cheapest to build can be seen in the figures of the estimates. If the calculations are based on average indicators (the depth of soil freezing is 1.5 m, ground water- 2.5 m, sandy loam soil), then it is possible to determine the cost of construction of 1 square meter. Depending on the components, the numbers will be as follows:

frame construction - 875 rubles;
brick - 2330 rubles;
aerated concrete - 2000 rubles;
timber - 1900 rubles.

Review of popular materials - video

It's obvious that frame house will cost the builder the cheapest. When finally deciding on the choice, you need to take into account all the features of the project, the soil, the site itself. The calculations do not include payment for the services of the construction team. Hired labor is an additional (and considerable!) item of expenditure.

Starting the construction of your own home, you want to choose the cheapest material for building a house - in order to maximize savings. But the pursuit of a low price of building materials can result in both expensive maintenance in the future, and an increase in the cost of the entire construction as a whole. How to build a cheap house?

What determines the value of a house?

The final price tag for construction depends on several factors. Materials play an important, but not the only, role here. So, the construction estimate will include:

If you do a monolithic fill, you will need a large amount of wood for the formwork. And working alone on weekends, construction is delayed indefinitely, which is also not always economically profitable.

The cheapest materials for building a house - handmade?

There is an opinion that the materials made with my own hands, will be much cheaper than those purchased from the manufacturer. Of course there are recipes. different brands concrete, you can independently fold straw walls or even backfill the frame with sawdust.

This is economically justified in the following cases:

the availability of free assistants - it is difficult to interfere, fall asleep and press alone, which can lead to poor-quality work;
no need to go to work five days a week - otherwise construction will often have to be postponed due to weather conditions;
the opportunity to obtain equipment and raw materials for building materials at very low prices - the delivery of sawdust from another region will not be cheap.

So, the cheapest construction options:

Thatched walls with clay plastering. They are distinguished by good thermal insulation, but require repair due to rodents that settle in the thickness of the wall.

Abrolite or sawdust concrete. You can make your own or buy ready blocks. In the first case, you will have to wait a long time for the sawdust concrete to dry, in the second - to build walls as quickly as possible and do the exterior finish, since the wood concrete is hygroscopic.

Clay or cordwood. Dry logs and chocks, peeled from bark, are used. They are laid across the wall on a clay mortar. The ends of the wood must be impregnated with antiseptics or burned, otherwise they strongly absorb moisture.

Backfilling with sawdust or expanded clay. To do this, on the frame is done fixed formwork from edged board, into which the heater is poured.

The appearance of the house of these materials is rather unsightly. And if it is quite simple to beat straw walls or peeking logs, you will also have to make a screed on top of the wood concrete. Another significant disadvantage homemade materials- They are not strong enough. But this is a problem of all frame houses. To hang shelves or install kitchen set, it is necessary to provide for mortgage boards at the construction stage.

Economical building materials - what are they?

If it was decided to abandon self-production by common sense, it is worth taking a closer look at the prices on the market. What is the cheapest building material? Paradoxically, almost any:

tree - can be purchased extremely cheaply in the forest belt, but in the steppe zone it is expensive;
brick - building in the neighborhood of a brick factory, you will be able to buy red brick at manufacturer's prices;
aerated concrete and foam concrete - lightweight and relatively simple material to build, has good thermal insulation;
frame construction - the most a budget option, suitable for any climate, but requiring the organization of forced ventilation.

Not every carpenter can assemble a log house with high quality, so you will also have to take into account the cost of the work of builders. The same applies to brick house- the skew of the masonry will result in a large-scale alignment of the walls.

So when choosing materials, you need to take into account the cost of working with them. For example, aerated concrete is laid on a special glue, due to which the gaps between the blocks are minimal.

This allows you to save on fine finishing, but requires care from builders. Foam concrete does not differ in the quality of geometry - the blocks can be skewed and differ in size. It is unpleasant to work with such material, it is difficult to level the walls.

As a result, the cost of work is higher.

How to globally save on construction?

Not only building materials can reduce the cost of building your own home. To save as much as possible:

Think over the plan of the future building. The simpler the layout, the cheaper it is to equip it. You should not plant bathrooms at different ends of the building - laying pipes will cost a pretty penny. Placing the kitchen next to the bathroom will also save on pipes. The even geometry of the walls, the absence of non-functional niches and differences in floor heights, although they look simple, do not require extra costs. Together, this will give up to 20% savings on the total cost.

Refuse architectural excesses. Balconies, terraces and a tiered roof can increase the value of a home by 10-15%. Much more rational in the future to build small gazebo or attach an open terrace.

Use building materials produced in your region, abandoning the popular and advertised ones. This will allow not only to buy them cheaper, but also not to overpay for delivery. So, shell rock houses in the Altai Territory are among the most budgetary, but Moscow cannot boast of a low price for this material.

Make it as easy as possible truss system using lightweight roofing materials. Then, instead of a 10x10 cm beam, it will be possible to use a 5x10 cm board laid on the end, while not reducing the pitch of the rafters.

Refuse basement. Filling, waterproofing and roughing out the basement will add another 20% to the estimate.

The choice of building materials

If the building materials market offers several types to choose from, that's great. Indeed, in this case, you can compare all the advantages and disadvantages and purchase materials that combine low price and good quality.

General features to look out for:

durability - if the house is idle for a maximum of 10 years, saving on materials is rather doubtful;
ease and accessibility of installation - the need to use heavy equipment at a construction site can negate all the savings;
environmental friendliness - maintaining natural humidity in the house is achieved through "breathing" materials, otherwise you will have to take care of forced ventilation;
heat capacity and thermal insulation are two parameters responsible for future efficiency, because the house should not only be cheap during construction, but also during operation.

Having considered the most popular of building materials, you can choose the most suitable option for yourself.

Wooden houses

Timber houses are considered the most environmentally friendly and one of the best in maintaining an optimal microclimate. wooden building has the following advantages:

But such a structure also has disadvantages. So, the quality of literally every log is very important - an undried tree will begin to twist, longitudinal cracks may appear, the ends must be “plugged” with an ax to prevent waterlogging of the tree due to precipitation. If, however, to deviate from the classical processing of logs in favor of the use of modern antiseptic and flame retardant solutions, the house ceases to be environmentally friendly.

Ready-made kits are expensive, but only professionals can assemble an inexpensive log house from round timber. After all, you have to customize every log! In addition, in regions with cold winters, the thickness of the walls of a wooden hut should be at least 50 cm to ensure minimal heat loss during the heating season. Finding logs of this diameter will also cost a pretty penny.

To let the house "breathe", it cannot be insulated with foam, only vapor-permeable mineral wool. And so that the insulation does not get wet, be sure to arrange a ventilated facade. There are also certain limitations for interior decoration - it is better to use modern vapor-permeable membranes if you plan to cover the house with plasterboard or clapboard.

But the log house is beautiful in its original form. To get a cozy and windproof house, you need to regularly check and caulk the cracks in the walls. Particular attention is paid to the corner lock system - simply cutting into half a tree will not provide the necessary insulation and will lead to the formation of cold spots.

brick houses

Brick has excellent heat capacity. This means that when the heating is started, the house will warm up for a long time, but then cool down just as long. For permanent residence - a great option. But for country house visited on the weekend, it will be a waste of money on heating. After all, while the house warms up, it is already necessary to leave back to the city.

For one-story buildings, walls of 1.5 bricks will be enough. But such a thickness of the walls is completely unsuitable for winters, where the temperature drops to -20 degrees.

In order not to increase the cost of brickwork, the house will have to be insulated from the outside. What is especially nice when building brick buildings - you can use any insulation! So, by choosing foam plastic with a thickness of only 5 cm, you can reduce the heat loss of the house from 125 kWh to square meter up to 53 kWh per heating season. In other words, you can halve your heating bills.

The disadvantages of brick houses include:

large weight of the building - you will need a recessed strip foundation, which will significantly increase the cost of construction;
the duration of the construction - a team of five people can raise a box at home in three weeks, subject to continuous work, but alone, the time increases significantly;
finishing work - if you can live in a log house immediately after construction, brick house requires a mandatory screed of walls and floors, followed by a fine finish.

Houses from a gas block or foam block

These buildings have all the advantages and disadvantages of brick houses. At the same time, they also have their own characteristics:

At the same time, the price of cubic meter brick and gas block is almost the same. And given the need for insulation along the facade, the advantages of aerated concrete over ceramic bricks are rather illusory. But due to the large size of the blocks, building a house is quite simple, which determines the low cost of the work.

frame houses

For those who are really on a tight budget, frame construction is a real salvation. house on wooden frame with mineral insulation it turns out many times cheaper than all previous options. And that's why:

But, despite the obvious advantages of frame construction, preference is still given brickwork. All because of no less significant shortcomings:

On the other hand, approaching the construction of a frame house wisely and without saving on building materials, you can get a good and reliable structure that will last for decades. And in the future, the frame is just as easy to disassemble and put in its place a capital brick house.

You can build a small and cozy house in a few months, and this video confirms this: