Man in the labor market. The labor market is a set of economic and legal procedures in which people can exchange their labor services for wages.
The modern labor market is characterized by a lack of unambiguous certainty and security of employment. The reorientation of production, a change in activities, a change in the content of activities, the emergence of new professions and specialties entails the need for advanced training, redefinition and change of profession.
A young person must learn how to behave correctly in the labor market, understand how to promote their virtues and opportunities, and not be afraid of this.
What is the labor market? In the most general way, one can say that The market is the meeting point of supply and demand. The most important condition for a balanced market is the coordination of the needs and interests of sellers and buyers.
Labor market- a system of methods, social mechanisms and organizations that allows sellers (job seekers) to find work, and buyers (employers) to find workers to conduct production and commercial activities.
Sellers any person looking for a job can be on the labor market: students, graduates of vocational schools, anyone who wants to change their place of work, i.e. it can be people who have or do not have a job.
Buyers(employers) in the presence of vacancies have a demand for a particular worker. They declare this to the employment service, other state and non-state organizations for the recruitment and selection of personnel. And they, in turn, act as intermediaries in the labor market between people looking for work (supply) and employers with their needs for workers (demand).
When making a decision about choosing a profession, a place of work, building a professional career, a person needs to take into account what is the demand for specialists, for certain services, goods and how it can change in the future, i.e. know the situation on the labor market and the market of professions at the moment and assume its alignment in the future.
Within the labor market there is job market
1.3.2. What is the market for professions?
Throughout the world, there are many markets for professions in the labor market, for example, accountants, drivers, etc.; In this situation, sellers - people with the same profession, offer their labor to the buyer with different conditions and employment opportunities. Thus, it can be said that job market- is the sale and purchase of a specific type of labor, when sellers (seekers of work) who have the same profession offer their labor.
Studies show that today they are no longer in demand "narrow" specialists. The modern labor market increasingly requires workers who have mastered several professions and specialties. In addition, employers note a good command of not only special, but also key competencies necessary for effective interaction with colleagues at work, manifested in the ability to adapt to technological and organizational changes in production, readiness for continuous self-education, etc.
If we characterize all professions and specialties in terms of job security, then we can distinguish the following types of professions, the probability of employment in which is quite high:
"eternal" professions and specialties that serve the basic needs of a person that never disappear (doctor, farmer, builder, hairdresser, etc.);
"through" (common), for which there are jobs, positions in almost every enterprise, in any institution, in any area (electrician, locksmith, secretary, etc.);
"deficient" (at the moment and in the near future), the demand for which in the labor market is not satisfied;
"promising" those. those professions and specialties, the demand for which will increase;
"free" those. those professions and specialties that can be realized in the self-employment mode, regardless of the economic situation. In addition, these professions do not require expensive equipment, large material costs (tailor, artist, carpenter, salesman, interior designer, etc.).
The competitiveness of a profession and specialty increases if it simultaneously belongs to several of the listed types.
The demand for specialists in various professions is changing in accordance with changes in the economy. Therefore, in a situation of planning a professional career, it is important for young people to know state of the Russian and regional labor markets. Thus, in the Samara region by 2008, according to experts, graduates of institutions of primary vocational education will remain the most in demand.
1.3.3. Who is successful in the labor market?
Among your acquaintances, there are probably people who can be called successful. What are these people?
Exercise 1.
Make a "portrait" of a successful person in the labor market.
Remember among your acquaintances, friends, relatives, several people who
who are successful in the labor market. Try to highlight the characteristics that allow them to be so. Include in this description the necessary, in your opinion, knowledge, skills, business and personal qualities.
A successful person in the labor market has the following characteristics:
The researchers studied the attitude of employers towards graduates of vocational schools, that is, those who are completing or have just completed their studies. It turned out that different employers divide graduates into different categories:
Those who found a job - those who did not find a job;
Working in their specialty - working not in their specialty - non-working;
Enthusiasts - just working;
Confident in their abilities - insecure;
Coping with their duties - not coping with their duties.
As a result, the "portrait" of a successful graduate, according to employers, includes the following characteristics:
The ability to understand
Health,
Activity,
Self confidence,
Creativity (as the ability to be creative),
Good social adjustment
Interest in modern engineering and technology.
We think you have noticed that such qualities as activity, confidence, independence, creativity are present in both lists (compiled by you and employers). This is not accidental - the modern market requires an active position, without it it is impossible to achieve success.
Exercise 2.
If you want to know how active your position in the labor market is, we offer to evaluate a number of statements.
If you agree with the corresponding statement, then put a "+" sign next to its number.
Test "How active is your position in the labor market?"
1. I know my goals and desires well.
2. I studied myself, I know what I am capable of.
3. I know how to navigate the flow of information and independently obtain the necessary information.
4. I believe in myself, in the possibility of achieving success in the planned affairs.
5. I believe that I have the right to choose in any competitive situation - not only do they choose me, but I also choose.
6. I know how to communicate with other people and use their help, make them allies in the implementation of my plans.
7. I know how to benefit from mistakes, learn from my own experience and from the experience of other people.
8. Faced with an obstacle, I look for new ways to get around it, I look for new ways to resolve the difficulty that has arisen.
9. I feel enough strength and energy to achieve my goals.
10. When arranging ways to achieve the main option, I always think over a spare one.
11. I strive to gain experience, I try myself in different areas.
12. I constantly reflect and correct my actions depending on the results obtained.
13. I know how to take into account the opinions of other people when developing and implementing my plans without losing my positions.
14. I have the skills to behave in business situations, I can arrange a meeting with the right people, introduce myself, talk about my capabilities.
Results processing
Count the number of pluses that turned out in the end. If there are 12-14 of them, then your position very active. If 8-11 then enough active. If you put less than 6 pluses, then it makes sense to think seriously and, perhaps, contact a psychologist for advice.
In any case, it should be remembered that an active position implies independent, creative, flexible behavior, and the activity of the position and success depend only on you!
? Checking the assimilation of the material
■ Exercise 1. Use arrows to indicate the correspondence between terms and definitions.
■ Task 2. What type of profession is your profession/specialty? Prove it.
■ Task 3. What external factors of the general sphere influenced your choice of profession? Please comment on your answer.
■ Task 4. What external factors in the service sphere are your priorities in building a career? Explain.
Due to the limited teaching of economics in non-core schools, teachers experience difficulty in selecting test material. I offer a number of tests for basic school grades 7-8, which can be used at any stage of the lesson both to test knowledge and to update it.
Final summary on the topic “Labor market. Man in the labor market 8th grade. 5 options.
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Option 1.
1. Define "The labor market is..."
2. Most people are not entrepreneurial, do not run shops, do not have home workshops, but nevertheless successfully sell the product that everyone owns. What is this product? What is the price of this item?
3. Compare the attitude towards wage labor in the primitive communal system and in slavery. What's in common? What is the feature?
4. Indicate whether the following statements are true or not by choosing the answers "yes" and "no":
a) firms create the demand for labor
b) professional growth is associated with a person's ability to change jobs,
c) the number of firms does not affect the demand for labor force,
d) the higher the salary, the lower the supply on the labor market.
5. From the following professions, select those that are more suitable for hourly wages:
a) a pharmacy manager
b) emergency doctor
c) carpenter
d) watchman
d) a welder
e) painter
g) cloakroom attendant
h) Kindergarten teacher.
6. "Participation in success" is the main component underlying the modern mechanisms for stimulating the work of hired workers. What ways of this "participation" can you name?
7. How does the legislation of the Russian Federation regulate the amount of wages in the labor market?
8. The struggle between employers and wage workers for wages has been going on for a long time. How does the employer deal with the most persistent employees? When specifying the method of struggle, its explanation is required.
9. Define "A strike is...".
10. A worker has an hourly rate of 2 rubles. He worked the first week 40 hours, the second - 40 hours, the third - 48 hours, with a normal week of 40 hours. For overtime work, the worker will receive 1.5 wage rates. How much will his salary be?
Final summary on the topic “Labor market. Man in the labor market.
Option 2.
1. Define: “Wages are…”
2. Let's say a person has found a job for himself, corresponding to the opportunities and salary level. What additional opportunities can stimulate wage workers to increase labor productivity and wages?
3.Compare the situation on the labor market under the slave system with the order of the feudal society. What common? What is the difference?
4. Indicate whether the following statements are true or not by choosing the answers "yes" or "no":
5. From the following, select those professions for which piecework wages are the most effective:
a) turner
b) teacher
c) piano tuner
d) a librarian
d) a tailor's shop
e) director of the company,
g) fruit picker,
h) a newspaper peddler.
6. How has the demand for cab drivers changed with the advent of the subway? Why did this happen?
7. How does the legislation of the Russian Federation regulate the types of wages in the country?
8. The struggle between employers and employees over wages has been going on for a very long time. What methods do hired workers resort to in defending their rights? When answering, an explanation of the essence of each method is required.
9. Define: "Strikes are...".
Final summary on the topic “Labor market. Man in the labor market.
Option 3.
1. Define: "The Industrial Revolution is..."
2. The price of labor is wages. Is such a situation on the labor market possible, in which people will agree to work only for the wages that employers refuse to pay? Explain the situation with a specific example.
3. Compare the situation on the labor market in a feudal society with the new time in history. What common? What is the difference?
4. What form of remuneration is most suitable for remuneration:
a) an electric train driver
b) the conductor of the orchestra,
c) turner
d) a fruit picker
e) a librarian
e) the seller?
5. Indicate whether the following statements are true or not by choosing the answers "yes" and "no" respectively:
a) differences in wage rates may be caused by an attempt to equalize differences in wages,
b) the prestige of the profession does not have any significant effect on the number of job seekers,
c) differences in wage rates may be due to racial discrimination,
d) a change in production technology does not affect the demand for labor.
6. Why is the salary of workers of the same professions in large cities higher than in small ones?
7. Why do entrepreneurs go to the conclusion of agreements with trade unions, despite the fact that it is unprofitable for them to raise the wages of their workers?
8. One way employers fight wage increases is called the “yellow dog” contract. Explain the purpose of this contract.
9. How does the labor legislation of the Russian Federation regulate the issues of youth employment?
10. The graph shows the labor supply curves of two different citizens. Determine which of them agree to work with less favorable working conditions? Think about what could be the reason why people agree to less favorable working conditions?
Final summary on the topic “Labor market. Man in the labor market.
Option 4.
1. Define: "Piece-rate wages are ..."
2. Why are football players paid more than farmers and steelworkers, even though bread and steel is more important than football?
3. Write down your arguments by continuing the sentences:
a) the arguments of supporters of a high level of wages: ...
b) arguments of opponents of a high level of wages: ...
4.Compare the wage worker with all categories of the labor force over the centuries: what are the fundamental differences between the wage worker since the modern period? (name at least 5 differences)
5. Indicate whether the statements are true, respectively using the answers "yes" or "no":
a) the demand for labor is formed by the state,
b) the number of firms does not affect the demand in the labor market,
c) qualifications affect the amount of wages,
d) the higher the territorial mobility, the lower the supply on the labor market as a whole.
6. Each person is doomed to old age and he is capable of work for a limited number of years. In most countries, it is believed that a woman after 60, and a man after 65, cannot withstand the full workload. Question: how should they live on? How does the mechanism of human protection in old age work? How is it related to wages?
7. Choose from the following professions that are suitable for piecework wages:
a) master adjuster of machines and equipment,
b) driver
c) a pianist
d) a librarian
e) conveyor shop assembler,
e) a construction worker
g) master of construction trust,
h) a scientist.
8. Define: “A lockout is…”
9. Why should the state necessarily participate in the signing of labor agreements between employees and employers?
10. What is a "career chart"? What does this document have to do with the labor market?
Final summary on the topic “Labor market. Man in the labor market.
Option 5.
1. Define: "Time wage is ...".
2. How can one explain the higher level of income of entrepreneurs in comparison with the level of wages of his hired worker?
3. List and describe the features characteristic of wage labor since the era of the industrial revolution.
4. Types of wages take into account various additional factors influencing the amount of wages. Which of them do you think are the most important and why? Justify the answer.
5. Indicate whether the following statements are true or not by choosing the answers "yes" or "no":
a) the supply of labor is formed by firms,
b) qualifications affect not only the amount of wages, but also the demand for labor,
c) the higher the wage, the lower the demand for labor
d) the labor market ensures that miners receive the same salary, regardless of which mines they work in.
6. From the following, select those professions for which piecework wages are the most effective:
a) turner
b) teacher
c) piano tuner
d) a librarian
d) a tailor's shop
e) director of the company,
g) fruit picker,
h) a newspaper peddler.
7. Can trade unions influence the size of wages at enterprises where trade unions have not been established? Justify the answer.
8. What do you think is the economic effect of the "Italian strike"?
9. Define "Intellectual capital is...".
10. The worker processes two kinds of parts. The processing of one part of the first type costs 50 kopecks, and one part of the second type costs 20 kopecks. During the day, the worker processes 20 parts of the first type and 100 parts of the second type. After a month of work (22 working days), the workers received a bonus of 10%. Find the total earnings of the worker.
Features of the labor market, therefore: the demand is not for labor services in general, but for services of a certain type and complexity (not for the services of a driver, but for the services of a bus driver with a certain level of qualification and experience). along with the national one, there are local labor markets (the labor market of Karelia), where the demand for the same services may differ. the supply of labor services may change as people can quickly change their profession, change their qualifications.
What determines supply in the labor market Supply in the labor market is, in essence, the number of people who are ready to take on the performance of a particular job. The most important factors in the formation of supply in the labor markets are: wages, time costs, the burden of labor, the complexity of work
What determines the demand in the labor market? The labor market is specific - it is a derivative demand market. The fact is that no one needs the ability to work as such. It cannot be consumed directly. Labor acquires value only when it is converted into various goods and services. Therefore, the number of workers who can get a job is directly determined by the state of affairs in the commodity markets. If the demand for a product increases, then the need for its manufacturers also increases.
Solve the problem There are 2 carpenters working in the workshop. Each of them produces 80 stools per month. In the market, each stool costs 400 rubles. Production costs (boards, electricity, glue, etc.) amount to 24.7 thousand rubles. The owner pays monthly rent for the premises. For his personal expenses, the owner takes the rub. What is the salary of each carpenter?
The reasons for the stable difference in wage levels are the complexity of work - the more difficult the work, the longer it takes to learn. In order for people to agree to this, they need to pay more. In most developed countries, people with higher education earn more. In addition, an educated person can perform valuable types of work. He has human capital - that is, the knowledge and skills accumulated by a person as a result of training. burden of work - some workers get more than engineers. This is because the salary must compensate for the increased burden of work (in the chemical industry), harm to health, work at night, etc. limited talents - the salaries of outstanding people (athletes, artists, musicians, writers, scientists, singers, etc.) are very high all over the world. Each of these people appears on the labor market as a "unique product" because has a rare talent. Many people want to acquire this talent, because its supply is very limited. Hence the high wages. degree of risk - the higher the risk, the more people (miners, test pilots, astronauts, stock brokers) will ask for a salary for work. Some risk their health, others huge sums of money.
Topic: Man in the labor market. Problems of employment in the South Urals. (2 hours)
Target: educational: Give the concept of the labor market, explain its features, show the importance of knowledge, skills and professionalism in one's business for a modern person. Recall such a phenomenon as unemployment, find out its impact on the behavior and lives of people. Consider the problem of employment in the South Urals.
Educational: The development of logical thinking and speech of students through solving problems and performing problem tasks.
Literature : Salygin EN, G. Social science: man in society. Exp. textbook for students in grade 10 general education const. - M .: Venta-Grafor, 2001. § 23.
I. Social science: a textbook for grade 10. - M .: TID "Russian Word - RS", 2001. - § 11.
B. Social science: Proc. allowance for schoolchildren Art. class and entering universities / A. V. Klimenko, . - 3rd ed., Rev. and additional - M .: Bustard, 2003. p. 190-196.
Krachenko in social studies. 10-11 class. - M .: "Russian word - RS", 2000. p. 77, 91.
Kravchenko in social studies: grades 10-11. - M .: TID "Russian Word - RS", 2001.
"Teaching history and social studies at school" No. 3, 2004, p. 51.
Equipment: task cards, test tasks, sheets with tables.
During the classes:
1) The concept of the labor market, its features.
2) Requirements for a modern worker.
3) Employment and unemployment.
4) The problem of employment in the Russian Federation and the South Urals.
I. In modern highly developed countries there is a variety of markets. Let's remember what markets you know.
(Student answers:
Stock market
Labor market
World market
Market of goods and services
Information Market
Today in the lesson we will talk about the labor market and a person in the labor market.
(Teacher's message of the topic and purpose of the lesson)
The labor market is an integral part of the market economy.
What is the labor market? What is sold and bought here? (Method of "brainstorming").
Labor market is a market in which the object of free purchase and sale is labor power.
Hence, in a market economy, labor power is a commodity.
What is labor force? (Method of "brainstorming").
Work force- physical and mental capabilities, as well as skills that allow a person to perform a certain type of work.
For the sale of his labor power, the worker receives a wage.
Wage- the amount of monetary remuneration, which is paid by the employer to the employee for the performance of a certain amount of work or the performance of his official duties.
Hence, the price of labor power is wages.
What determines the price of a commodity in the market? (Answer: the price of a commodity depends on supply and demand).
Thus, in the labor market, as in other markets, there is demand, supply and price, i.e., the labor market has the same features as the goods market. (Write in a notebook 3 signs of the labor market).
1) What happens if the demand for goods (labor) is lower than supply?
2) What will be the salary if the demand for goods (labor) is high?
Since the number of jobs presented by the employer is claimed by a significantly larger number of those seeking to fill them, competition arises between job seekers.
Who is more likely to find a job? Who is more competitive? (student answers).
II. What should be a modern worker?
Requirements for a modern worker (student answers):
Education
Professionalism
Qualification
Labor discipline
Initiative
performance.
Professionalism- skill, skill, literacy in the performance of labor functions of certain professions.
In the conditions of scientific and technical progress, much attention is paid to the qualifications of the employee.
Qualification- the level of preparedness, the degree of readiness for any type of work.
Qualification happensIt is easier for a skilled worker to find a good job. Everyone wants to send their children to a good teacher, to a good doctor, to a good hairdresser.
Each employee has a qualification assigned to him by the authorities and a certificate has been issued (for example, a locksmith of the 6th category, a captain of the 2nd rank, a candidate of pedagogical sciences, etc.).
So, labor is divided into skilled and unskilled.
Class assignments:
(Writing on the board:
unskilled manual labor
unskilled mental labor
Highly skilled manual labor
Physically hard work
Highly skilled mental work)
1) Which of the types of labor listed on the board include the following professions: a plumber, a secretary, an electric train driver, a janitor, a steelworker, a fireman, a sailor, an officer, a priest, a loader, a miner, a seller, a driver, a deputy, a turner, a cashier, a designer, a plumber , lawyer, doctor.
2) Distribute professions in 5 columns and write in a notebook.
The class is divided into 3 groups in advance, each of which receives a card with a problematic task.
1 group. A. I. Kravchenko “Problem book on social studies grade 10-11” P.91 No. 000.
2 group. “Problem book on social studies grade 10-11” p.69, p. 76.
3rd group. "Teaching history and social studies at school" No. 3, 2004.
III. The totality of all workers in the labor market is called labor resources. The labor force includes the able-bodied population. In Russia, these are men aged 15-60 and women aged 15-55.
There is also an international labor market.
“Problem in social science. 10-11 grade "No. 000, p. 98 (oral answer to a question)
As already noted, in the labor market, as in any other market, there is competition. That is, those who have been given the opportunity to work by employers are called employed. That is, those who could not find a job - unemployed.
What is unemployment?
Unemployment- a situation in the economy in which a part of people who are able and willing to work for hire cannot find a job corresponding to their abilities.
Unemployment is of several types:
1) structural
2) friction
3) stagnant
4) hidden
(a brief explanation by the teacher of the types of unemployment)
Group task:
1 group. List the causes of unemployment.
(inflated wage demands; low demand; labor market inflexibility)
2 group. What are the consequences of unemployment.
(negative: declining living conditions, deterioration in the well-being of the unemployed. Positive: a small (natural) unemployment rate is useful. This helps to maintain the necessary competition in the labor market.
But, if unemployment in the country exceeds the natural level, then it can cause serious social conflicts)
3rd group. How to solve the problem of unemployment?
(created employment services at the place of residence, information services, geographical mobility)
In the Russian Federation, there is a system of employment agencies, which is headed by the Federal State Employment Service of the Russian Federation. The state guarantees the unemployed the payment of unemployment benefits.
IV. The problem of unemployment exists in the Russian Federation and in the southern Urals.
Working with the source.
Students are given sheets with table No. 1 Dynamics of employment and unemployment in the Russian Federation and table No. 2 Forecast of employment and unemployment in the Russian Federation (data for 2000 and 2001).
Conclusions on the compilation of employment and unemployment in the Russian Federation.
Student's report on the state of unemployment in the Chelyabinsk region.
V. Reflection.
Students are given sheets with test tasks (two-variant tests).
Judgments are given, if you agree with them, then put a “+” sign, if not, then a “-” sign.
(Kravchenko in social studies: grades 10-11. - M .: TID "Russian Word - RS", 2001.)
Today at the lesson we talked about the labor market and a person in the labor market. The labor market, like other markets, has the same characteristics: demand, supply and price.
Lesson grades.
Homework.
Proc. , Salygin. 10th grade, § 23.
Kravchenko 10th grade. §eleven.
Find the "Vacancies" section in local newspapers, find out which professions are most in demand in Chelyabinsk.
The price of a man is his salary.
English proverb
After graduating from the institute, all of you will find yourself in the role of sellers. True, the product that you will offer for sale will be of a special kind - this is your ability to work. That is what you will sell all your life, trying to get the highest possible price.
In order not to lose in such a bargain, you should now get acquainted with one of the main markets for resources (factors) of production - the labor market.
The economic nature of the labor market
In ch. 1, we found out that in the labor market they sell and buy labor services related to the use of mental and physical abilities of people, as well as their skills and experience for the production of economic benefits. The role of the labor market in the economy of each country is extremely large due to the fact that the vast majority of people in any country receive income precisely thanks to it, selling their labor.
Labor market- a set of economic and legal procedures that allow people to exchange their labor services for wages and other benefits that firms agree to provide them in exchange for these services.
Thus, the labor market connects people who want to sell their labor services and organizations that want to buy these services to carry out their activities. The latter are usually referred to as "employers" or "employers".
The circle of sellers in the labor market is extremely wide. It includes a miner who is hired to mine coal underground, and a rock singer who signs an agreement to hold concerts in the best halls of the country, and a scientist who receives money to conduct research that the customer needs, and a minister who is paid by the state to lead a certain area. activities.
All of them offer their labor services on the labor market in the hope of getting a job where they will be paid for using these services. But the success of sales is different for everyone: someone finds a place without problems, and someone toils for months without work, someone receives income for their work that allows them to live in luxury, and someone barely has enough earnings to feed their families. We will understand the reasons for such differences by analyzing the work of the labor market.
First of all, we note that the commodity sold here - labor services - is extremely diverse (the labor services of a waiter and the labor services of a banker are very different from each other), and does not exist separately from the people who provide these services.
This gives the functioning of the labor market several significant features:
- the demand here is not for labor services in general, but for services of a certain type and complexity (for example, not for the services of drivers in general, but for the services of bus drivers with a certain level of qualification and experience);
- along with the national one, there are local labor markets (for example, the labor market of the Ivanovo region or the labor market of the Krasnodar Territory), where the ratio of demand for labor services of the same type and their supply can vary significantly;
- the supply of labor services may vary due to the fact that people are able to change profession, mastering a different qualification.
The development of events in the labor market is closely related to how the labor force behaves, acting as a seller on it. By labor force in this case we mean all people of working age who are able and willing to sell their labor services.
For example, the labor market is balanced the easier, and the economy of any country develops, as a rule, the better, the greater the mobility of the labor force available in this country. There are two types of labor mobility:
- 1) professional;
- 2) territorial.
Under professional mobility The labor force is understood as the ability of a person to master different professions and retrain throughout life. Naturally, a person takes such a step only if he is forced by circumstances or it is beneficial for him.
And in industrialized countries it is not uncommon for people with higher education to change professions. They again sit down on student benches and acquire new professions that promise more favorable working conditions. A similar situation has developed in Russia. For example, in 1992-1993. we suddenly had a boom in accounting courses. Masses of employees of research institutes, design bureaus and various government offices went there to retrain. They hoped to find work in commercial organizations and receive higher earnings than in the previous place of work (and many succeeded).
Under territorial mobility workforce, we understand the ability and willingness of people to move from place to place in order to get a job.
For example, US workers and employees change jobs 10 or more times in their lives, which has reduced the average tenure in the US to 3.6 years.
And the point here is not some special, "restless" character of the Americans. In any country in the world, most employees are constantly “looking around” in search of a place where they pay better for the same job. And if they find a suitable place, they immediately make an attempt to go to work there.
Such rational behavior is inherent in people of all countries - even the Japanese, brought up on a tradition of lifetime employment, in which salary growth is directly dependent on length of service. But then one day in Japan there was a shortage of workers and it became possible to get a higher salary in other firms. And the inhabitants of the Land of the Rising Sun behaved in exactly the same way as the Americans. In 1989, almost 3 million Japanese people left their old jobs, and polls showed that 41% of men aged 20 to 29 were ready for the transition.
Having become acquainted with what is sold on the labor market, and with the peculiarities of the behavior of sellers, let's move on to how the labor market works and how the market price of labor services is formed on it - wage rate.
Wage rate - the amount of money paid to an employee for labor services rendered by him during a certain time (hour, shift or month) or necessary to perform a certain amount of work (for example, the manufacture of one part).
