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Mortgage interest tax deduction. How to get a tax deduction on a mortgage: step by step instructions

Today in our country there is a boom in mortgage lending. In 2017, the volume of mortgage loans issued in the Russian Federation increased by 35% and amounted to 2 trillion rubles.

The demand of the population for mortgage loans is dictated primarily by the reduction in rates, the stabilization of the cost of apartments and, in part, the growth in income. Thanks to the low interest rate, monthly loan payments have been reduced by 20%.

But not many people know that the cost of mortgage lending can also be reduced by obtaining a tax deduction for mortgage interest.

Article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation gives us such a right.

Everything about the tax deduction for an apartment on a mortgage in 2018 (or it is also called a property deduction on a mortgage), we will tell in this article. You will learn how to get a tax deduction for a mortgage, how much is the tax deduction for mortgage interest, what documents you need to apply for a tax deduction on a mortgage and how to get it.

Conditions for obtaining a tax deduction for mortgage interest

Borrowers who have issued a mortgage must be citizens of the Russian Federation, purchase mortgaged housing in our country.

How much is the tax deduction for an apartment on a mortgage in 2018?

Reimbursement comes from a reduction in personal income tax (on personal income) in the amount of 13 percent.

According to the law, there are so-called "basic deduction" and "mortgage interest reimbursement". Together, they form a “property deduction” in cases of a transaction with housing taken on a mortgage.

The tax law determined the maximum amount of the base deduction, which is 2,000,000 rubles. There are times when the purchased apartment does not cost that much, and then you have to include other purchased housing in the base deduction.

Here's an example:

You have issued a mortgage for 6,000,000 rubles. So, the base deduction will be calculated only from 2,000,000 rubles. And its maximum compensation will be 260,000 rubles.

Now look at the property deduction for mortgage interest.

The Tax Code of the Russian Federation allows you to compensate the borrower for interest on mortgage obligations in a maximum amount of up to 390,000 rubles (or 30 percent of 3,000,000 rubles paid on a mortgage in the form of interest).

In other words, those who have issued a mortgage will be able to return to themselves annually or at a time 13 percent of the volume of repaid interest on the loan, but not more than 390,000 rubles.

As a result, in total, you can receive a tax deduction for housing purchased on a mortgage in the amount of 650,000 rubles (of which 260,000 are the basic deduction for an apartment and 390,000 are a deduction for paying interest on a loan).

Documents for registration of deduction on mortgage interest

The main documents for obtaining a deduction for mortgage interest are documents that give the right to register a property deduction when buying a home.

These include:

1. Tax return in the form of 3-NDFL.

2. Passport and its certified copy.

3. Certificate of income in the form of 2-NDFL.

4. An application for a tax refund with the details of the account to which the tax authority must transfer the amount.

5. Purchase and sale agreement or equity participation agreement and its copy.

6. Payment documents confirming the fact of payment for housing (usually these are payment orders, payment receipts or receipts). Certified copies of payment documents are submitted to the IFTS.

7. Extract from the USRN (certificate of state registration of ownership).

8. Act of acceptance and transfer of housing.

To receive a deduction on mortgage interest, in addition to the main documents for the transaction, the following are provided:

1. Loan agreement.

2. Bank statement on interest paid.

When to apply for a loan interest deduction?

Documents provided to the tax office when the main deduction is exhausted. And in order not to collect a package of documents twice, it is better to immediately submit them both for the main deduction and for interest. It makes no sense to submit documents annually, optimize their submission, for example, once every three years.

How to get a deduction for interest on refinancing?

If you refinanced a loan at another bank, then the law allows you to receive a deduction for interest on both the original and the newly issued loan. The main thing is that the new loan agreement states that the purpose of the loan is to refinance the old mortgage loan.

How is the tax deduction for mortgage interest reimbursed if the loan was issued to the borrower and co-borrower, and the apartment is in common ownership?

Quite often, a bank issues a mortgage with the conclusion of a loan agreement, provided that both the borrower and the co-borrower are present there, and housing is distributed in shares.

Reimbursement of the tax deduction for interest on a mortgage loan with shared ownership is carried out as follows.

With shared ownership, the deduction (both for the cost of the apartment and for mortgage interest) is distributed in accordance with the size of the share of each owner. Moreover, the owner cannot transfer his share of the compensation to another right holder (for example, a wife to her husband and vice versa).

That is, the right to make a deduction in the amount of accrued interest on the loan can be used by everyone personally. And it does not matter to which of them payment documents were issued (who paid the loan and interest).

The tax deduction between husband and wife in such cases will be distributed as follows: if the purchased apartment is shared, subparagraph 2 of paragraph 1 of Article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation applies, which says that the deduction will be calculated for the shares of each co-owner.

When the apartment is a common property and the share of each is not defined, then the mortgage interest deduction is calculated in proportion to the distribution of the housing deduction between them: one 60% and the other 40%. Or one 70%, the other - 30%.

If the husband or wife has already issued a refund on another property, another family member can receive only half of the deduction (for both interest and principal).

The legislation of the Russian Federation provides for the concept of a tax deduction, which allows you to partially offset the costs of acquiring real estate.

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Mortgage loans are now gaining popularity: buying an apartment or house with bank funds; even in this case, it is possible to issue a tax deduction. In this article, the reader will learn valuable information, be able to figure out how to reduce the tax base and return part of the costs after buying a home.

What it is

At the heart of the entire system of taxation is the personal income tax. At the moment, the amount of personal income tax is 13% for Russian citizens. This also applies to individual entrepreneurs: the indicated interest rate underlies the traditional taxation system for individual entrepreneurs.

When buying real estate on credit, Russians have the right to issue a tax deduction. It compensates 13% of the property price by easing the tax burden and recalculating the amount of tax due.

The person gets the opportunity:

not pay income tax in future periods;
refund the amount of overpaid tax for previous periods.

The second situation applies when applying for a tax deduction for a mortgage for several years, when a person submits an application some time after the acquisition of housing. The following principle works here: the calculation period is limited to 3 years.

It is realistic to return personal income tax only for 3 years preceding the date of applying for compensation. If it turns out that the total amount of tax is less than 13% of the price of the dwelling, the balance is carried forward in the form of non-payment of income tax on salaries until the entire amount is paid.

According to, if real estate is purchased with bank money, then in reality:

Return part of the cost of the apartment (house) indicated in the documentation.
Arrange a return on interest under a mortgage agreement.

According to the rules, first the money is returned directly for the purchase of a home, and only then the funds for paying interest on the loan are compensated. The legislation establishes certain limits that citizens need to consider.

The maximum amount with which it is realistic to compensate for overpayments on a loan is 3 million rubles Even if the total amount of the overpayment is higher, the owner will be able to issue based on the specified limit.

Compensation can be received for any type of property purchased with a mortgage:

apartment, house (or share in them);
a plot of land where the structure will be erected;
costs for project documentation, additional repairs (finishing) and improvement of housing for a comfortable stay.

It should be emphasized that part of the expenses can be returned only if there is a mortgage lending agreement; it will not work to issue a deduction for the funds of a regular loan (not a mortgage).

Who is and is not entitled to a deduction

Citizens who are officially employed and pay 13% personal income tax from wages can use this right. That is, people who work under an employment contract and receive a “white” salary declared in accordance with the norms of the law can receive compensation.

It refers to:

working Russian citizens;
people of retirement age, officially employed;
foreigners working in the Russian Federation with official permission for more than 183 days a year;
Individual entrepreneurs (individual entrepreneurs) working at a general rate of 13%;
minor children who own real estate (the deduction for them is received by official representatives - parents or guardians).

We need to clarify the following fact. If a person conducts entrepreneurial activities under a different taxation system (simplified, patent, etc.), he will not be able to issue a deduction, since the tax rate in these cases has a different size.

Those Russians who owe the state (according to a court decision or other state authority) are not entitled to receive compensation.

Citizens who are not officially employed have the right to apply for compensation after employment.

There is nothing wrong with this - there is no statute of limitations, it is really possible to get a deduction for previous years. It is possible to obtain a tax deduction for a construction mortgage: for example, when a person buys a plot of land for individual housing construction on credit (with a permit obtained in advance).

how many times can you apply for compensation

The law establishes the principle of multiple appeals for deductions, but there is a condition: you can request compensation as long as the total value of the property will not exceed 2 million rubles. Taking into account the prices for this amount, you can buy one or two apartments, but if the total amount of purchases is higher, the owner will return part of the money only with 2 million rubles

what amounts and interest can be returned

The size of the tax deduction and personal income tax are equal - they amount to 13%. That is, it is realistic to return this particular part of the costs when buying real estate on credit. As mentioned above, it will be withheld in the future (the person simply will not need to pay personal income tax), or it can be offset as overpaid tax for previous periods.

Speaking specifically about how much can be compensated, the following amounts are obtained:

Based on the limit on the price of the acquired property, the maximum amount of deduction is: 2,000,000 × 13% = 260 000 rub.
Based on mortgage interest limit, maximum deduction: 3,000,000 × 13% = RUB 390,000

Since compensation is related to personal income tax, a citizen is not entitled to receive a deduction at a time that will exceed his income. In this case, the amount is divided into several periods, based on the person's official income.

Now many Russians prefer to buy real estate on credit with state support. This does not cancel the right to compensation: citizens still have the opportunity to receive a tax deduction for state-supported mortgages.

In this case, the state is on the side of the citizens: if the amount of the overpayment on interest turns out to be more than the official income of the person, and a debt appears, it is transferred to the next year until the citizen can pay off. It should be remembered that any pressure from the bank in such a situation is illegal.

Speaking about the distribution of the tax deduction for a mortgage loan between spouses, you need to talk about one nuance. If a working husband and wife become equity owners in the purchased property, they are entitled to claim two separate tax deductions. This makes it possible to increase the total amount of compensation.

Features of the situation with pensioners

Making compensation for has its own nuances depending on whether they are currently working.

A person of retirement age also has the right to request:

one-time refund;
income tax cuts in the following years.

In the first case the entire amount of the loan deduction will be credited to the pensioner's bank account one month after the application and documents are submitted to the Tax Service.
In the second case the inspection will compensate for personal income tax from the moment the official income is accrued for a person.

It is possible to simplify the process and issue a refund through the employer. In this case, it is easier to collect the necessary documents: a 3-NDFL certificate is not needed, after receiving a positive decision from the inspection, the employer simply will not deduct income tax from the pensioner's salary.

Retirees who are not currently working can also receive a tax deduction on the loan.

To do this, they should use the right to transfer: a person simply uses the official income for previous years. Personal income tax paid earlier does not expire, remains in the information databases of the Tax Service, and a person of retirement age can use these amounts.

There is a time limit here: it is realistic to use income received no later than three years ago. For example, using the right of transfer in 2019, you can apply income received not earlier than 2013.

How to get a tax deduction for a mortgage: process details and documents

For compensation, you need to contact the division of the Tax Inspectorate. The documentation is checked by the employees of the service for about 3 months, if there are no problems, a positive decision is made. Another 1 month is given to transfer funds to the applicant's current account.

List of required documents:

. It is compiled by the owner or his official representative: he works under a power of attorney certified by a notary.
Mortgage agreement. As stated above, Tax officials must be able to see that the property was purchased with a targeted loan. Along with him are all checks, receipts and orders that confirm the payment. It is necessary to show the calculation of interest on the loan, which the Tax Office will check, and on the basis of this, calculate the deduction itself.
Certificate of ownership, which will confirm the existence of housing and its ownership. Confirmation is also considered the contract of sale, acts of acceptance and transfer.

Also served:

personal documents of the owner (representative);
number of the current account for crediting funds.

If the owner carried out additional repairs (finishing) in order to be able to settle in the dwelling, he should confirm these expenses with the appropriate checks (according to subparagraph 3, paragraph 1, article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation and subparagraph 6, paragraph 3, article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). These documents (excluding the application and declaration) are submitted in the original and a copy certified by a notary.

After checking and determining the decision, the documents are returned to the owner.
Instead of transferring compensation to his bank account, a person has the right to choose another option - non-payment of income tax from his salary.

The citizen acts as follows:

Collects and submits the above documents to the service.
Having received from the tax office a written permission to deduct a mortgage loan, he presents it to the employer (accounting department) along with the following documentation:
- certificate of ownership (an extract from the USRR is also suitable);
- contract of sale;
- confirmation of the completed payment.
The employer or accountants will recalculate and no income tax will be withheld from wages.

In a situation where a parent (guardian) draws up compensation for minor children who own real estate, he needs to confirm kinship.

This can be done with:

birth certificates (for parents);
guardianship document (for guardians).

A property deduction on a loan can be obtained when a citizen begins to pay interest on a mortgage. Together with the bank agreement, checks confirming the payment are also provided. Based on this, the amount of compensation for mortgage interest depends.

It is not provided for a tax deduction (clause 5, article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation). If a person paid part of the interest on a mortgage loan with the funds of this subsidy, then it will not be used in the calculation of compensation.

Reasons for refusal to provide compensation to individuals

Employees of the Tax Service do not always approve submitted applications for compensation.

There are statutory grounds for which citizens will not be able to receive a tax deduction on a loan:

If an incomplete list of required documentation is collected.
If a person has provided false information, documents that do not correspond to reality in relation to his income, paid income tax, etc.
If the payment documents are not issued to the owner. That is, if the applicant provided a certificate of ownership, which indicates his name, but the contract, acceptance certificates and other financial papers indicate the name of another person.
If a person has already applied for a deduction, and he has spent the state limit in 2 million rubles

There are two more points that are not suitable for situations with the purchase of real estate on credit, but they are specified in the law:

If the property is purchased from a person who is in an interdependent state with the applicant. Such people include close relatives, children, spouses and other persons for whom the transaction is of mutual interest.
If the participants in the transaction for the acquisition of real estate are subordinates in the service hierarchy.

There are no other reasons in the law for which the Internal Revenue Service may not provide compensation. and the provision of tax deductions when buying a home are significant measures to support Russians.

The return of part of the expenses helps many families to restore their budget, which in most cases decreases significantly after purchasing a property with a mortgage. This article provides important information that will help citizens assess their options before buying or building a home on credit.

Buying a new home with a mortgage makes it possible to return 13% of personal income tax for two reasons at once: from the purchase costs and from mortgage interest, if the buyer is a resident of the Russian Federation and pays income tax. When an individual can count on a mortgage tax deduction, and what documents he will need, we will consider in this article.

Property deduction when buying an apartment on a mortgage

The money that the owner of the acquired mortgage housing can return is limited by the amount of the property deduction (clauses 3 and 4, clause 1, article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation):

for funds actually spent on the purchase of housing, the maximum deduction is 2,000,000 rubles. (clause 1, clause 3, article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), which means that you can return up to 260,000 rubles. tax (2,000,000 x 13%);
property deduction for mortgage interest is limited to 3,000,000 rubles. (clause 4, article 220 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), so it will be possible to return no more than 390,000 rubles. tax (3,000,000 x 13%). The deduction includes interest already paid to the bank. All payments are taken into account, starting from the very first, even if the mortgage agreement was executed before the ownership of the purchased housing arose.

You can claim a property tax deduction for mortgage interest immediately along with the main deduction, or when the main deduction is used. In addition to mortgage agreements, this deduction is also applicable to other targeted loan and loan agreements, if their conditions state that the only purpose of obtaining money by the borrower is to purchase housing in Russia: such explanations were given by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation in its letter of 04/08/2016 No. 03- 04-05/20053.

When can I claim the right to a property deduction for a mortgage? When a document confirming the ownership of the purchased housing is received and the calendar year in which the right arose ends. So, having bought a “mortgage” apartment in 2017, and then having received a certificate for it, you can claim deductions in 2018.

Please note that the tax is refunded starting from the year in which the right to the deduction arose, and the remaining amount of the deduction is carried over to the following, later years, until it is completely “exhausted”.

You can also claim the right to a property deduction when purchasing property on a mortgage later, years after the purchase - this period is not limited by law. In this case, personal income tax can be returned for the three years preceding the application, but not earlier than the year of obtaining ownership. For example, for an apartment purchased in 2012, the deduction was declared only in 2018. - in this case, you can return the tax for 2017, 2016 and 2015. And for housing, the owner of which the buyer became in 2016, declaring a deduction in 2018, personal income tax will be returned for 2017 and 2016, but not earlier.

Property deduction - mortgage: documents for the IFTS

A complete list of documents required when applying for personal income tax deductions is indicated in the letter of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation of November 22, 2012 No. ED-4-3 / 19630. To return the tax paid, a 3-NDFL declaration is filled out for the corresponding period and submitted to your IFTS with a full package of supporting documents.

Documents for obtaining a property deduction for a mortgage:

certificate of income "2-NDFL" (from each place of work) for the reporting year,
a copy of the contract for the sale of housing with all annexes,
a copy of the certificate of ownership,
documents confirming payment for the purchase of housing (receipts, payments, statements, checks, etc.),
a copy of the mortgage loan agreement,
certificate of the creditor bank on the amount of mortgage interest paid,
an application for a personal income tax return - it can be attached to the declaration immediately if the individual calculated the amount for compensation on his own, or submit it after the IFTS approves the right to deduct.

Only in order to declare a property deduction for a mortgage-2017, a 3-NDFL declaration can be submitted throughout 2018. If, along with the deduction application, the taxpayer declares his income, which he is obliged to report, the deadline for filing 3-NDFL is May 3, 2018.

Mortgage refinancing and property tax deduction

There are no restrictions in the tax legislation for receiving a personal income tax deduction when refinancing a mortgage loan (when changing the creditor bank). Mortgage refinancing does not affect the right to receive a deduction in any way, provided that the documents are properly executed.

Receiving a property deduction when refinancing a mortgage is possible if the agreement concluded with a new bank is called a mortgage lending agreement, and the purpose of the loan is to refinance a previous bank loan. Also, the text should contain an indication of the location of the housing acquired by the borrower.

When refinancing, in addition to the documents listed above, the IFTS must provide:

the mortgage agreement concluded initially and the schedule of payments on it;
a certificate from the first bank stating that the contract has been terminated;
an agreement with a new bank on mortgage refinancing and a payment schedule;
if the details of the original mortgage agreement are not specified in the refinancing agreement, a certificate from the new bank about the fact of refinancing the previous loan is required.

If refinancing is associated with the bankruptcy of the first bank that issued the loan, instead of a refinancing agreement, tax authorities need to provide a document on the assignment of claims.

Property deduction for shared construction in a mortgage

It is not necessary to wait for a certificate of ownership in order to claim a tax deduction with shared construction. A mortgage in shared construction allows you to receive a property deduction from the moment when the buyer signs the act of acceptance and transfer of a new apartment.

To the package of documents for the tax participant of shared construction, you must attach:

an act of acceptance and transfer of housing signed by both parties (copy),
a copy of the equity participation agreement with all annexes,
confirmation of the payment by the buyer of funds (copies of checks, bank statements, payment orders, etc.).

At the same time, it is important to take into account that the preliminary sale and purchase agreement / preliminary act of acceptance of the apartment is not a supporting document for receiving the deduction (letter of the Federal Tax Service of the Russian Federation of August 29, 2013 No. BS-4-11 / 15716).

Baseline: in 2014, my wife and I bought a two-room apartment in a new building in the city of Lobnya for 3.9 million rubles. 800 thousand rubles were not enough for the purchase, another 500 thousand were needed for repairs. Total took 1.3 million rubles. in Sberbank at a rate of 12% per annum (12.75%, taking into account ). The house was handed over in July 2014.

You can submit documents to the tax office the next year after the purchase of real estate. When it comes to a new building, everything is the same, but the starting point is the date the house was put into operation. For example, in 2014 the house began to be occupied, in 2015 you can apply for a deduction.

Where to go?

You can get a tax deduction at the tax office at the place of official registration. “Registering” in a new building is problematic. This requires proof of ownership. You can apply for a certificate after putting the house on the cadastral register - it takes the developer from several months to a year. Generally not soon.

I am registered in Orekhovo-Zuev near Moscow, my wife is in Kazan. It is in these cities that you need to contact. It is not necessary to travel at all. Documents can be sent by mail even by regular mail.

How much will be returned?

Each buyer of real estate can return 13% of the cost of housing, but not more than 260 thousand rubles. Even if the apartment costs 7 million rubles, the state will transfer only 260 thousand rubles. At the same time, the size of official income is very important. If it is 15 thousand rubles. per month, then only 180 thousand rubles will accumulate in a year. - 13% (23.4 thousand rubles) will be returned from them. The remainder will be carried over to next year.

If the buyer of real estate has no official income, then the tax deduction will not be given.

What documents are required for tax deduction?

1. On the first working day of the new year, we went to our accounting departments at the place of work for a 2-personal income tax certificate, which indicates the income received for the previous year.

2. Next, a tax return filler in the form 3-NDFL is required. For many, this is very difficult. For help, you can turn to specialists who, for a small fee, will fill out the document. The easiest way is to wait for the update of your personal account on the website (you need to get the password for it in advance at any tax office using your passport).

Usually, by mid-January, a special program or online service appears on the website of the tax service, allowing you to fill out 3-personal income tax for the past year. The completed form is exported to excel or pdf, printed and signed on each sheet.

3. The following papers are also needed:

a copy of the contract of sale of the apartment;
a copy of the act of acceptance of the apartment (for new buildings);
a copy of the loan agreement (if the property was bought on a mortgage);
a copy of the receipt for the transfer of funds to the account of the seller of real estate;
a copy of the marriage certificate (if the property is acquired in joint ownership);
a written statement on the distribution of the amount of the property deduction between the spouses. It states that the tax base for the deduction is divided into such and such parts. For example, in my case, with the cost of an apartment of 3.9 million rubles, the wife set herself 1.9 million rubles, and I - 2 million rubles. From these amounts, 13% will be returned to each.

4. There may be more than one deduction, but several. Including for treatment or educational services in institutions with a state license. I took an English course in 2014. During the year I collected checks for payment for services. It turned out 35,960 rubles. - from them I requested 13% (4675 rubles). I made a photocopy of the contract with the courses, as well as a copy of all checks on one sheet. I attached these documents to the collected package, and previously indicated information about tuition fees in the tax return.

I personally took the collected documents to my tax office. I took advantage of the fact that there was a reception on Saturday. The wife sent the papers by registered mail. Two weeks later, information about registered declarations appeared in personal accounts on nalog.ru.

In subsequent years, you do not need to collect this pile of documents again. They will already be in your file. All you need is a new tax return, a 2-personal income tax statement and a certificate of payment of interest on a mortgage.

How much to wait?

The tax inspectorate has three months to check the declaration. The deadline begins to run from the moment of registration of documents. In the past, many have said that the starting point is the date the papers are mailed. In practice, this turned out not to be the case. Sent. For a week, the envelope lay in line for opening, and only then it was entered into the database.

Miracles are rare, so the tax office is unlikely to surprise you with a quick response. Two months later, we were remembered. They called on a mobile phone and asked to correct several numbers in the 3-NDFL declaration as soon as possible, and also to attach another copy of some document. Fortunately, you can go back to your personal account, correct it, reprint it and send it by mail. The deadline continues to run at this time. For its violation, the inspector will have problems.

A few days before the deadline, the check ended, and the amount of the tax deduction was confirmed. We learned about this on the site nalog.ru, checking it every day.

How to receive the money?

After that, run again. Now you need to quickly fill the money. Everything is simple in it: it indicates from whom, where, the amount of the refund and the details of the bank account to which the confirmed amount needs to be transferred.

The paper is sent to the tax office. It can be attached immediately when sending all documents, but in three months the amount of the refund may be adjusted or the bank in which the account is opened may change.

As soon as the application for a refund is registered with the tax office, a new 30 days (a month, as stated in the Tax Code) begin to count down, in which the tax office must transfer money. A joyful SMS about the receipt of funds to the bank card account came to my wife in two weeks, and to me - in two and a half.

Lucky case

We did not use the money received from the state for early repayment of the loan. Let me remind you that its cost was 12.75% per annum. In 2015, we managed to open several deposits at a rate of 17-19% per annum. That's where the money was transferred. On the difference in interest, we earned an additional 4.25-6.25% per annum. When the term of the deposit came to an end, and there were no similar offers left on the market, they sent funds for early repayment of the loan.

And another 13%

Each borrower and co-borrower is entitled to a deduction from the interest paid on a home loan. To receive these amounts, you must annually take a certificate from the bank on the interest paid on the loan. The information is included in the tax return.

However, as I was told in the tax inspectorate, the “main” tax deduction for the apartment will be returned first, and only when it is exhausted will the turn come to the compensation of interest. That is, I must first receive 260 thousand rubles. and only then 13% of the interest paid on the loan. In this case, the share of the payment will be taken from the application for the distribution of the tax deduction between the spouses. For example, we paid interest on 150 thousand rubles, and our shares in the loan are 55% and 45% - thus, we will receive 10,725 rubles each. and 8,775 rubles. respectively.

Good news for those who have issued a loan for 20-30 years: the maximum amount of interest paid, from which 13% is returned, is limited to 3 million rubles. This means that borrowers can additionally return another 390 thousand rubles. Together with the "basic" tax deduction, 650 thousand rubles are obtained. Each buyer of real estate on a mortgage can count on this amount. It can be returned both for one property and for several (if they were purchased later than January 1, 2014).

You can't go to the tax office

You can also get a deduction at your place of work. To do this, you do not need to wait for the next year after buying an apartment. The order is as follows:

write to your tax office an application in any form with a request for a tax deduction;
prepare copies of documents evidencing the purchase of real estate;
submit the application and copies of documents to the tax office;
after 30 days, receive a notice of the right to deduction in the inspection;
send a notice to the accounting department at the place of work.

In this case, the tax deduction is returned in parts - it simply will not be withheld from subsequent wages, that is, for the period of the return, your salary will increase by 13%. Not everyone is comfortable with it.

Summary

Each person can return up to 260 thousand rubles. from the cost of the apartment, as well as up to 390 thousand rubles. from the interest paid on the mortgage.
It is beneficial to get a tax deduction as soon as possible, since money depreciates every year.
The higher the official salary, the faster you can get money.
The tax deduction can be returned through the tax office or at the place of work.
If you submit all documents to the tax office in January, then in May the tax office will transfer the requested amount to your account.

One of the legal facts that serve as the basis for the emergence of the right to a tax deduction is mortgage.

How is mortgage interest tax refunded?

A mortgage is a loan made in the form of a written document between two parties: a bank and a borrower. A distinctive feature of the mortgage is the duration of credit relations and automatic pledge in the form of real security of obligations.

Declaration in the form 3-NDFL, which can be filled out online on the website.
Certificates of income in the form 2-NDFL from each place of work of the applicant.
One of the title documents for the purchased housing: a copy of the contract for the sale of housing, a copy of the certificate of ownership or the act of transfer of housing.
Copies of documents confirming the fact of payment: receipts, bank statements, receipts.
Mortgage agreement with a bank.
Payment schedule.
Documents confirming the payment of interest on the loan: receipts, payment orders or account statements.
A bank certificate on the amount of interest paid on the loan (if a tax deduction on interest is required for several years at once, then the certificate should contain a calculation for each year separately).

The tax authorities may require you to check the original documents provided, so you should take all of them with you.

Features of obtaining a deduction for common shared property

If housing on a mortgage is acquired in common ownership by spouses in equal shares, then the deduction is divided into shares between them.

In this case, the spouses will need to write an application for the division of the deduction and submit it to the tax office along with the above acts and a copy of the marriage certificate.

At the request of the owners, only one of the owners of the acquired housing can receive a tax refund.

Changes in the legislation concerning the procedure and terms for the return of the deduction for mortgage interest

The last ones, concerning the procedure for granting a tax deduction for mortgages, were introduced in 2014.

They set a maximum tax deduction of 3 million rubles.

Since 2014, it has become possible to receive tax refunds in respect of several real estate objects purchased by a citizen. But at the same time, there remains a fixed limit on the amount of the deduction, which is 2 million rubles.

If the housing cost less, and the owner did not receive the entire amount allowed for reimbursement, then it is not forbidden to apply a repeated and subsequent property deduction when acquiring other real estate objects.

Only those who became the owner after 2014 can split the amount of the tax refund into several components. At the same time, the citizen should not have previously exercised this right, even partially.

But this innovation does not apply to the deduction of interest on the loan.

Citizens can exercise their right to a mortgage only once in their life, regardless of whether the limit is used up or not.

The return of interest on mortgage lending is provided depending on the mechanism for their payment to a credit institution.

To receive funds, you must submit to the tax office, which includes acts indicating the conclusion of a mortgage agreement with the bank. In addition, documents are systematically provided to the tax office, which are evidence that the borrower is regularly fulfilling its obligations under the contract. This is confirmed by the loan repayment schedule and interest on it and the relevant payment documents for payment of interest for the next period.

Video: How to return taxes paid for an apartment bought with a mortgage?

This video seminar takes you through the details of the entire mortgage interest tax refund process.