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Do-it-yourself blind area around the house made of concrete. How to make a concrete pavement - step-by-step instructions, from preparing a mortar to pouring concrete Preparing a cement mortar and pouring

The blind area is the strengthening of the perimeter of the house to prevent the flow of water under the base of the foundation. If you are the owner of a private house and there is no blind area yet, already start thinking about building it. And our step-by-step instruction will help with this. At least we hope so.

We do not claim that our version, which is described below, is the most correct one. Each master can do in his own way. But we take into account general rules and build on the knowledge and experience that we have.

Step one: preparation

According to the standards, the blind area should protrude 20-25 centimeters beyond the lower overhang of the roof. That is, if during rain water flows down the roof, it should not fall on the ground. Even if there is a drain - and something can happen to it (it broke away from the wind, clogged with dry leaves). We decide on the width and carefully study the vegetation around the house. Trees that are located next to the house can undermine the blind area in the future with their roots. This is especially true for young animals, which now do not seem dangerous, but in the future they can cause a lot of trouble. What to do? Cutting down a tree is a shame. Leave as is - there may be problems with the destruction of the blind area by the roots. We have repeatedly encountered similar things and found our way out: when a tree is aged, then large roots in the blind area are chopped off when we start to go deep. If the tree is young and planted 2-4 meters from the house, then the owner of the house should monitor its growth. As soon as there are signs that the root has reached the blind area - immediately an ax in your hands and a shovel on top. Having dug up the earth a little literally a meter from the blind area, the root needs to be cut. The tree will not be harmed.

Step two: prepare the place

The width of the future blind area should go a little deeper. A little - it depends on the characteristics of the soil. Yes, you can go deeper. If the ground is hard, then the shovel will become your friend. If soft, you can tamp the soil to the depth necessary for pouring the blind area. Tamping is necessary, as this is a kind of guarantee that the soil will not sag under the weight of the blind area. You need to go deep with the expectation that you will need to pour sand, then rubble, then insulation (optional) and only then pour concrete. We usually do this: sand + gravel - 4-6 cm, insulation - 5-10 cm, concrete screed- at least 6 cm. On average, about 20 centimeters of recess are obtained.

Here you need to understand that you won’t be able to overdo it, but a shortage in the thickness of one of the layers threatens with cracks in the blind area. Let not in the first and not in the second year, but they will appear. And then you realize that the miser pays twice.

Step three: warming

As a heater, polystyrene foam plates are best suited. You can use polystyrene, this is someone who will be “generous” on what. Laying of plates occurs with a tight fit to each other. Even at the stage of tamping and creating a sand-gravel cushion, a slope is attached so that the blind area is of the same thickness and at the same time provide for water flow. It is enough to make a slope with the calculation of 3-5 cm per meter of blind area. Then it will be comfortable to walk, and the water will drain without delay. The insulation is laid in such a way that the edge that is not adjacent to the basement is concreted 4-6 cm. As a guideline, boards or other material can already be installed at this stage so that the concrete does not spread after pouring.

Step four: reinforcement

I had to see a blind area with a reinforcing mesh a little, but they all had cracks and large ones. At the same time, where a reinforcing mesh or thin reinforcement was used, cracks, if any, were insignificant. But the main thing is that there were no differences in the areas of the blind area, which occur when cracking or subsidence due to improper tamping.

You can purchase a reinforcing mesh or use reinforcement, although this is much more expensive and time consuming. Reinforcement should be laid in such a way that the concrete completely envelops the metal. You can do this: after laying the grid, put small bars in some places. But only when the concreting reaches such places, do not forget to remove the bars.

Step Five, Final: Concreting

Do-it-yourself blind area is always difficult at this moment. First, it is desirable to have a concrete mixer. Secondly, you need to be able to prepare high-quality concrete. Thirdly, you need to properly fill and level it. Well, nothing, we will help with advice:

- the optimal proportion is 1:2:3, where 1 is cement, 2 is sand, 3 is crushed stone. Cement M400, sand preferably river or sea, crushed stone of fine fraction.

- Filling should be done in one day, maximum two. If you fill a couple of meters a day, cracking is inevitable at the junctions in the future. So calculate your strengths correctly.

- so that the surface of the blind area is even and as smooth as possible after solidification, use beacons and level with a rule or a smooth rail along the beacons.

- if it is not possible to purchase river or sea sand, use available quarry sand. But it must be washed to remove particles of earth and clay. You can use a concrete mixer: after pouring a portion of sand and filling it with water, turn it on for a couple of minutes. Then turn off the drum and turn it over so that the glass is cloudy water. Ideally, it is advisable to rinse each portion of sand 2-3 times. If you refuse to flush, we do not guarantee a positive result. Over time, the blind area will begin to be washed out by raindrops.

- complete solidification (28 days) and you can remove the formwork. If the work is carried out in a hot summer, then it is better to work early in the morning or in the evening, and in the afternoon, when it dries out a little, water the blind area with water from a well or a well.

Do-it-yourself blind area is a process that will teach you a lot. Try it and don't be afraid that you won't succeed. And if something is not clear - write in the comments and we will not be slow with the answer.

No building can do without a solid foundation to support its weight and ensure the integrity of the entire structure, but it also needs additional protection. If necessary, each person can make a concrete pavement around the house with their own hands, without using the services of professional builders. This process is not very complicated, but it requires careful fulfillment of a number of requirements.

Requirements for the blind area, arrangement rules

This design serves as additional protection for the base of the building, preventing the destructive influence ground water And environment. In addition to protection, it also performs an aesthetic function - a building with a blind area acquires a complete appearance. Before concreting the blind area with your own hands, you need to familiarize yourself with a number of requirements:


To successfully create a blind area, you should draw up a drawing. You can compose it yourself, focusing on standard projects or contact the experts. If necessary, it can be limited with . Being a decorative element, it also increases the integrity of the structure and protects against penetration of the roots of trees or shrubs.

Borders are mandatory if you create a blind area around the house from screenings or crushed stone, and if poplar, plane tree, raspberry and blackberry grow nearby.

Do-it-yourself materials for creating a concrete blind area around the house

Before starting work, you need to prepare everything necessary materials and a diagram. Strengthening the foundation should be consistent, but the whole process should take a minimum of time. In most cases, when drawing up a project, you can use typical concrete blind areas, making adjustments to the scheme in accordance with the characteristics of your region. You will need the following materials:

  1. Concrete. The resulting mixture must comply with the characteristics of the class from B3.5 to B8. When creating it, cement of the M 400 brand will be the best.
  2. Sand. As a pillow, you can use river or quarry sand. The material used when mixing the mixture must be soft, the presence of large impurities is not allowed.
  3. Crushed stone or gravel. Fraction of crushed stone for blind area at home - 10-20. It is used as a filler for a concrete mixture, or as a base material.
  4. Clay or geotextile. This material is used when arranging a concrete blind area with your own hands for additional protection against moisture, which is important for regions with high humidity.

It is determined by the brand of cement used and its specific gravity as a percentage of the elements of the solution. good decision material will be M400 Portland cement. Used cement must be fresh. If the powder forms lumps when squeezed in the hand, it will soon become unusable. The grade of selected cement depends on the planned thickness of the blind area made of concrete. Recommended proportions for mixing 1 m 3 solution:

  • water - 190 l;
  • filler (screening or crushed stone) - 0.8 m 3;
  • sand - 0.5 m 3
  • plasticizers (liquid glass and the like) - 2.4 l;
  • cement - 320 kg.

When calculating the size of the blind area around the house, you should prepare the required amount of building materials in advance. It is also important to follow the order of feeding materials, which is necessary to ensure the desired consistency. Compliance with the technology will achieve the desired result and create a reliable design. When all the requirements are met, you can effectively equip the concrete pavement around the house with your own hands.

The amount of water supplied is great importance. Excess will reduce the strength of the resulting concrete. Lack of water will not allow it to harden properly.

How to make a blind area for the foundation with your own hands - step by step instructions

The required amount of cement is poured into a concrete mixer or other mixing container, and then it is filled with water. When mixing, a "cement milk" is formed, into which other components are fed. Next, sand is added in small portions, while the mixture should be constantly mixed. Next, the filler is poured (crushed stone or screenings). If you know in advance which crushed stone is better for the blind area, and you have selected the material of the correct fraction, mixing will not be difficult.

To ensure more efficient mixing, wait 5 minutes after adding each component.

Once the materials are prepared, you can get to work. The blind area around the house includes the following steps:


Also, before pouring, an expansion joint is installed between the blind area and the plinth using boards or plywood sheets - this measure will protect the concrete from destruction when the temperature changes.

Installation of blind area from crushed stone

A more economical option would be to use crushed stone as the main fill material. The same requirements are imposed on its arrangement as on the blind area made of concrete, however, reinforcement and the creation of an expansion joint are not required here. An additional layer of waterproofing (geotextile) is installed between the crushed stone and the sand "cushion". This will prevent the crushed stone and sand from mixing, and will prevent plants from growing from seeds that may have been left in the "cushion".

You can make a blind area from rubble with your own hands without much effort. Large fraction material can be used to fill the bottom of the trench. From above, to give a decorative effect, fine gravel is used. Such a blind area also successfully protects the foundation from the destructive effects of groundwater and the environment. With the right approach, you can give it a neat and attractive appearance.

Do-it-yourself concrete blind area from A to Z - video

27.03.2016 0 comments

The blind area of ​​​​the house during operation performs several functions - it is the protection of the foundation from external influences, reduces the wear of the main structure. Do-it-yourself blind area around the house is not as difficult as it might seem. It must be done at the last stages of construction, this will preserve the structural integrity of the foundation after the construction work is completed.

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Technology features and functional tasks of the blind area

A properly organized blind area will be a durable structure, and the installation process will not be too complicated and time-consuming. When all the nuances have been studied, it is very simple to make a blind area around the house correctly - it will not take much time, you can save on construction work. For a residential building, it is necessary for the following reasons:

  • Reliable protection of the foundation from precipitation (rain, snow) and other external climatic influences.
  • Drainage through drainage system. In the blind area, discharge gutters are organized, with the help of which reliable protection of the foundation and basement from moisture is ensured.
  • Improved thermal insulation performance. If all layers are arranged correctly, if materials intended for thermal insulation are used, not only the basement will become warmer - it is possible to reduce the degree of soil freezing near the house.
  • Aesthetics - to have excellent decorative properties. The exterior of the building will be architecturally complete.
  • It is possible to perform practical functions with a blind area - it will be used as a small path surrounding the house around the entire perimeter. If there are plantings near the building, this design will allow you to move around the house without harming the plants.
Almost all private houses are now being built with a blind area. It has become an indispensable architectural element, especially since it is not at all difficult to make a blind area with your own hands. The structure, dimensions and appearance are selected individually for each building in order to effectively protect the foundation and basement.

What could be the design?

The process of building a blind area around the house begins with determining its structure, specific parameters, as well as the outer cladding. Most often it is made from the following materials:

  • crushed stone;
  • monolithic reinforced concrete structure;
  • natural stone, paving stones, paving slabs.

How to make a blind area with your own hands if the foundation is columnar or floating? For them, the use of a combined drainage system is allowed. Whatever the materials and design of the blind area, it will be multi-layered, and a long service life can only be ensured if the relevant building standards are observed. In most cases, the design will consist of the following parts:

  • base (bottom layer used as bedding for the rest);
  • materials with good waterproofing properties to protect against moisture;
  • a layer with drainage structures for drainage;
  • two outer layers, the first of which is protective, and the second is decorative.

Preparation for construction

When a blind area is being built with your own hands, step-by-step instructions will help you to carry out all the stages of construction correctly. The first stage is preparatory, when all design parameters are determined, including material and dimensions. The main indicator is the width of the strip - according to the recommendations, it should be no less than 60 centimeters. Before the final choice of the project, it is necessary to take into account a number of factors that can affect its overall dimensions:

  • Features of the roof, cornices, range of removal. Make a blind area 20-30 centimeters longer than the roof extension.
  • Architectural and design features building. If there are architectural elements with a broken or rounded shape in the design of the house, the execution of the blind area can be made appropriate by organizing a bunch with other buildings and design elements of the adjacent area.
  • Type of soil at the construction site of the blind area. If the soil is characterized by a significant degree of subsidence, the optimal width is at least 90 centimeters or even 1 meter. Width of more than a meter - high efficiency of drainage and the possibility of using it as a circular path.

The main condition is that the blind area should be such that the foundation of the house and the basement receive reliable protection from moisture (continuous construction).

Slope definition

A high-quality and reliable design is obtained if the slope requirements are met, as this will ensure reliable water drainage. The slope of the blind area of ​​the house to the ground, according to the recommendations, is from 1.5 to 5 degrees. The exact value is determined based on the climate in the region and the decorative coating used. If the main material is crushed stone, the structure will require a greater slope of the blind area than when using paving stones or paving slabs. You can form an angle initially (by placing the base with an inclination), or already when working with decorative coating- the last outer layer.

Construction Materials

When all the features of the project are determined, you can begin to calculate the amount of building materials, as well as select the appropriate tool and more. construction equipment. In all cases, sand and gravel should be present in the litter layer. For certain types of soil, it is recommended to use clay in the litter, which also acts as a waterproofing agent. Most often, the blind area is made in the form of a one-piece monolithic concrete structure; for effective preparation of the solution, one cannot do without a concrete mixer, containers for it, as well as reinforcing metal fittings.

Concrete preparation

To make the blind area strong and reliable, it is necessary to use concrete grades M250 - M350, but sometimes a higher class is chosen. The classic composition for pouring the blind area is 8.5 parts, of which 3 are sand, 4 are crushed stone, 1 is cement and 0.5 is water. Cement and water are mixed in a concrete mixer until a homogeneous mixture is obtained - a connector for crushed stone and sand. The remaining components of the mixture are poured portionwise into the concrete mixer, the materials in this case are distributed evenly.

Moisture content must be controlled so that the mixture does not turn out to be too liquid. Water should saturate the cement well, but pour it in exactly as much as is needed for soaking. The larger the crushed stone, the smaller the ratio of the amount of water and other components (optimal crushed stone fractions are from 0.5 to 2 centimeters). The sand is sieved and washed before being added to the solution to eliminate impurities.

Step-by-step instructions for building a concrete blind area

The monolithic structure is reliable and durable, well protects the main structures of the house from the damaging effects of moisture. It is not difficult to make such a blind area with your own hands, and therefore it is considered the most common. The sequence of actions is as follows:

Final stages of work

Laying of all internal layers is completed with the drying of the concrete solution. To make the blind area of ​​high quality, it is necessary to ensure a uniform drying rate of the solution without additional funds. Drying too quickly can lead to cracking, which will damage the waterproofing properties blind area, making them less high quality and durable.

To prevent rapid drying of the concrete, it is covered with a film or a wet cloth. The design will be completely ready for operation only after 15-20 days, and it is then that you need to start finishing. The most common materials for decorative design blind area - ceramic tile and porcelain stoneware. You can use special compositions that will combine protective and decorative properties.

The arrangement of the blind area does not apply to those types of work that can only be trusted by professionals. Do-it-yourself blind area according to the step-by-step instructions given above is done quickly and at no additional cost. The final cost will include only the cost of materials and tools.

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After the completion of the construction of any private house, care must be taken to install a concrete base around the residential building. Such a matter cannot be postponed for later, and it is better to take care of it right away. It is important, and is able to provide the necessary protection for the foundation of the house from water. As you know, the accumulation of moisture near the house, whether it be rain or snow, will not lead to anything good. And even worse, if it gets on concrete foundations - this reduces its load bearing capacity, it can even cause the destruction of the structure standing on it. That is why the installation of the blind area is so important. Instructions on how to do this are provided below.

The first step is preparation

To build a blind area around the building, you need to select high-quality material and carry out a series of preparatory work. First you need to decide on the width of the blind area: the larger it is, the better. This will reliably protect the base of the residential building. Usually it is made from 80 cm to 2.5 m wide, depending on the structure. The blind area should be made at a certain angle so that water flows down it as far as possible from the house. The angle is calculated based on the width of the blind area: if it is equal to one meter, then the angle of inclination should be 5-10 cm (this is approximately 1.5 degrees).

A variety of materials can be used for such construction, but the most reliable of them is concrete poured around a residential building. The first step is to clear the area under the blind area of ​​concrete. You will also need various tools:

  • wheelbarrow;
  • shovel;
  • level;
  • sieve;
  • manual tamper;
  • clay;
  • crushed stone;
  • insulation;
  • sand;
  • fittings.

Second step - markup

After all the necessary materials and tools are at hand, it will be possible to start marking. Below is step by step recommendation, how to do it. Marking is carried out using pegs-holders (they can be made of metal or wood). They should be driven in around the entire perimeter of the future structure. A strong rope is stretched between them. The main thing when marking with your own hands is to make sure that the width of the markup is the same everywhere.

It will be necessary to prepare the most important thing - the concrete composition, from which the blind area will be made. For the manufacture of concrete, it is best to use M400 cement. It must be mixed with sand and gravel in a ratio of 1:2:4. You will also need to dig a trench approximately to the depth of the shovel bayonet (this is about 25 cm). After all these actions, you can start building with your own hands, but before that it is recommended to make insulation around the house.


Blind area marking - important point: without it it is impossible to do the job efficiently

The third step is warming

Warming is necessary if there are heaving soils around the building. Warming is carried out so that the soil does not freeze and does not exert uneven pressure on the structure of the house. For these purposes, extruded polystyrene foam is used. A do-it-yourself coating is laid on its surface, the composition of which can be made from:

  • asphalt;
  • cement;
  • tiles.

After that, you can start reinforcing.


Insulation of the blind area is necessary in order to provide the house with heat in the future, and the foundation - with resistance to changes in the temperature regime of the environment

Fourth step - reinforcement

Making a blind area yourself is quite simple. But initially it is necessary to do reinforcement. To do this, six-millimeter bars of reinforcement are laid in a mesh and tied with wire, as the instruction ascribes. After that, a wooden formwork consisting of boards is mounted, and the concrete mixture is poured. But first you need to make a starting underlayment around the residential building. It is designed to seal the base. Clay and sand are used for it.

The thickness of this layer is approximately 2 cm. Then step by step installation 2nd layer. For this coverage you will need:

  • asphalt mix;
  • clay;
  • small cobblestone;
  • concrete.

Its thickness should not exceed 10 cm.

Reinforced mesh is made in increments of 100 mm. It is laid in order to strengthen the blind area, for which a concrete composition is used. Where the concrete base for the building will be connected to the plinth, an expansion joint is made: it is designed to protect against soil subsidence. Its width is not more than 15 mm. Then it must be filled with a mixture of sand and gravel. It is best to install expansion joints in all corners of the house.


Fifth step - laying the concrete mixture

After reinforcement, the concrete composition can be poured. It must be poured as densely as possible, constantly leveling the base. Dry ironing is recommended for maximum strength and moisture resistance. This is a step-by-step procedure, which is done as follows: dry cement 2 mm thick is sprinkled on a wet concrete layer. To do this, you can use a sieve to evenly distribute the cement over the entire surface of the concrete base for the building. Then it is compacted with a hand rammer and allowed to dry for 3-4 days.

After that, it is recommended to cover the surface of the concrete pavement with a cloth while the concrete composition is gaining strength. From time to time the fabric needs to be watered. Curing may take approximately 7 days. After that, you can proceed to cover the concrete base for the building with your own hands, for this it is better to use acid-resistant bricks.


Concrete pouring is the penultimate stage of laying the blind area. It remains only to decorate the surface of the concrete base around the house with tiles

Why do you need to make a blind area?

This do-it-yourself construction is done not only to provide protective properties to the foundation from water. It can also perform a decorative function. In addition, it is able to reduce the freezing of the soil under it, and this, in turn, will help keep the heat inside the house and prevent the soil from swelling. Here are the main functions of the blind area, and it becomes clear that it is extremely important. If it is done correctly, as our instructions prescribe, then your house will stand as long as possible. It will also allow you to save a lot of money that could have been spent in her absence on repairing the foundation with your own hands, for example.

Do-it-yourself blind area around the house made of concrete updated: February 26, 2018 by: zoomfund

Even the strongest foundation is exposed to moisture over time, which gradually reduces the load on the drainage system of the house, as well as on vertical waterproofing. To prevent this from happening, do-it-yourself concrete blind area is performed, the step-by-step instructions of which will be discussed in the article.

Concrete blind area is a necessary coating to protect the foundation

In addition to its main function (protection against interaction with moisture), this coating also allows you to arrange a pedestrian zone around the perimeter of the house and give the architectural appearance of the building a complete look.

However, before pouring the blind area, you need to pay attention to its design features and requirements for construction objects of this type.

blind area design

The concrete pavement has quite simple design, for the preparation of which you will need the following materials:

  1. Bedding (pillow). It is performed before pouring the solution. As a bedding use the most different materials: coarse or medium sand, sand and gravel mixture, crushed stone, fine gravel. The blind area of ​​​​the foundation does not fit on fine sand because of the likelihood of shrinkage, since in this case there is a risk that the base will crack. It is best to prepare a two-layer pillow: first lay gravel or crushed stone, which will compact the soil, and then sand.
  2. Reinforcement. Availability reinforcing mesh for a concrete blind area will give the structure more strength. The mesh size of this product is usually 30 x 30 or 50 x 50 cm. The mesh diameter should be about 6-8 mm, but it all depends on the type of soil.
  3. Formwork. Wooden guides located along the perimeter of the coating are required, as they will prevent the concrete mixture from spreading. The width of the formwork boards, as a rule, is 20-25 mm.
  4. Concrete solution. Filling the blind area is carried out using a certain composition of the concrete mixture.

The brand of mortar must be carefully selected, since the strength and durability of the entire structure will depend on its quality and characteristics. For such a coating, Mixture M 200 is usually used, the strength class of which is at least B 15 (a higher grade can also be purchased). It is also worth paying attention to the frost resistance of the composition, which should not be less than F 50. To ensure better resistance to drops temperature conditions, it is recommended to give preference to compositions with an indicator of F 100.

To get a high-quality coating, it is most profitable to make a concrete mix on your own.

We make concrete mix for the blind area at home

To organize a concrete blind area around the house, it is not necessary to buy ready mix and order expensive delivery with a concrete mixer. Knowing the proportions of the components, you can make concrete M 200 yourself, this will require:

  • 1 part cement (optimal is Portland cement 400);
  • 3 parts sand (better than medium, but fine-grained is also suitable);
  • 4 parts of coarse aggregate (gravel or crushed stone);
  • ½ part water.

Accordingly, to get 1 cubic meter of concrete, you need to mix:

  • 280 kg of cement;
  • 1100 kg of crushed stone;
  • 800 kg of sand;
  • 190 liters of water.

Also using PC 400, you can get other brands.


Healthy! First of all, cement and water are mixed, and only after the composition has turned out to be homogeneous, sand and gravel are added to it.

In order for the construction of the blind area to be strong and the concreting to be durable, certain rules and requirements are provided.

Design requirements

To fill the blind area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe house with concrete, you must familiarize yourself with the regulations and recommendations of SNiP:

  • The width of the blind area should be 20 cm more than the roof overhang (SNiP 2.02.01-83). If the structure provides for a drain, then its indicators are also taken into account. Optimal value considered 1 meter. In this case, you can lay out a tile path around the house.
  • The length of the do-it-yourself blind area around the house should correspond to the perimeter of the building. However, if you plan to install a concrete porch, then a "gap" is acceptable.
  • Depth. The level of penetration of the "tape" is half the estimated depth of freezing of the earth.
  • The thickness of the concrete blind area is also regulated by SNiP and, according to these requirements, should be at least 7-10 cm for the top layer. However, many make concreted parking spaces for private cars along with the blind area. In this case, the operational load increases, and the thickness of the concrete blind area can reach up to 15 cm.

  • bias. According to SNiP III-10-75, the slope should be from 1 to 10 cm per meter of width. Most often, it is 2-3 cm per meter - this is approximately 2-3 degrees. The angle of inclination must be directed in the direction opposite to the foundation. Increasing the slope is not recommended, as in this case it will be difficult to walk along such a path in winter time when ice forms on the surface.
  • Border. The device of the blind area at home does not include the mandatory manufacture of a border, therefore, in this case, the decision is made by the owners of suburban real estate. However, experts recommend installing such "limiters" if trees and shrubs with an "aggressive" root system (blackberry, raspberry, plane tree, poplar, and others) grow near the foundation.
  • Plinth height. For a hard type (concrete) cover, the plinth must be at least 50 cm.
  • The recommended height of the blind area above ground level is 5 cm or more.

There are also several schemes according to which a crushed stone blind area can be erected, in the form of a monolithic concrete coating, both for the usual type of soil and for the “problem” one.

Knowing the requirements of SNiP and the features of a suburban area, you can make a blind area with your own hands using the step-by-step instructions below.

We make a blind area on our own

The blind area device technology includes several stages that even a beginner in construction work can handle.

Training

In order to start creating a protective coating around the house, prepare:

  • pick;
  • twine;
  • roulette;
  • tamper;
  • pegs for marking;
  • waterproof film (geotextile);
  • concrete mixture;
  • formwork boards;
  • hacksaw;
  • level;
  • nails;
  • reinforcement material, welding machine and wire cutters;
  • as a rule, trowel, spatula;
  • sealant for processing seams (it is better to purchase a polyurethane composition).

markup

The arrangement of the blind area around the house begins with the preparation of the area for construction. At this stage, it is necessary to mark the perimeter of the future "tape", or rather a trench for it, with the help of a peg. There are several recommendations in this regard:

  • The step between the beacons is 1.5 m.
  • The depth of the trench will depend on the soil, but the minimum value for this value is 0.15-0.2 meters. If the earth is "heaving", then the depth increases to 0.3 m.

The easiest way to apply markup is to act in the following sequence:

  1. Drive metal or wood pegs into the ground in the corners of the house.
  2. Install intermediate beacons around the perimeter of the building.
  3. Pull the cord or rope, connecting all the pegs.

Healthy! Sealant can be used at this stage to separate the protective coating from the foundation.

After that, the slope of the system is formed, for this a trench is dug, in which the depth of one of its sides will be greater. To compact the resulting ditch, it is enough to use a tree. First, the log must be placed vertically, lifted and sharply lowered down with effort. Due to this, the bottom of the trench will be compacted.

formwork


For formwork, you will need boards on which it is better to immediately mark the height of the future pillow. In the corners, fasten the impromptu “box” with metal corners (bolts on the outside).

Important! If you do not want to remove the formwork, after the concrete blind area is completed, be sure to treat the tree with an antiseptic compound and wrap the boards with roofing material.


Creating a pillow

In order for the concrete pavement to be made according to all the "canons" of construction, it is imperative to prepare a sandy or clay base for it. The thickness of the sand layer can reach up to 20 cm. It is best to lay the pillow in several layers, moistening and carefully tamping each subsequent layer. At the final stage, the surface must be leveled.

Waterproofing

A waterproofing device involves laying several layers of roofing felt or other geotextile on a pillow.

  1. The material needs to be “wrapped” a little on the walls in order to get an expansion joint.
  2. Roofing material must be overlapped.
  3. A thin layer of sand is poured over the geotextile, and then 10 cm of gravel.
  4. If it is planned to install a drainage system, then it is laid close to the resulting "water seal".

Reinforcement, pouring and drying

Above the level of 3 cm from the layer with crushed stone, it is necessary to lay a metal mesh with a step of 0.75 m. After that, you need to mix the concrete and pour it in equal portions into the resulting formwork sections. In this case, the composition to be poured must reach the level of the upper edge of the wooden "box".


Healthy! After pouring, pierce the surface with an iron rod in several places to release excess air.

You can distribute the composition with a trowel or a rule. To increase the resistance of concrete, 2 hours after pouring, ironing is performed. To do this, the surface is covered with a layer of dry PC 400 3-7 mm thick.

Healthy! So that the composition does not crack, it must be moistened with water 1-2 times a day.


In addition to how to properly fill the blind area, you need to make sure that it does not crack during the drying process. To do this, you need to protect the coating from precipitation and the sun with a plastic film. It is believed that the blind area completely dries out in 10-14 days. However, according to the regulations for drying, it is worth taking at least 28 days.

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