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Canopy in Japanese style. How to Build an Authentic Japanese Gazebo

The design of the whole Chinese style house is designed in such a way that they can even withstand earthquakes, since they happen quite often in their area. The Chinese roof rests on a central pillar and most often it does not even dig into the ground. As a result of this, the pillar restrains all vibrations of the earth's crust, and neither the house nor the roof is indestructible.


A few dozen years earlier, the roofs of poor houses were covered with bamboo, and glazed tiles were only on expensive houses, and most often such roofing material was made from bright clay yellow color. In addition, the roof was decorated with various images of animals acting as the defenders of the house from evil forces. And besides, the roofs could be decorated with carvings, and its individual elements were decorated with oil paints.

The difference between Chinese and Japanese roofs

The Chinese style roof is somewhat different from traditional Japanese roofs. The fact is that in Japan, houses are built using a slightly different technology, there, basically, it is a frame covered with special paper. In our understanding, there are no windows or doors. And there all the vertical planes are used exclusively as partitions. Such structures are built for the reason that they are easily restored after an earthquake and do not cause much harm to people when a house collapses under the influence of underground forces. Also in the case of Japanese houses, a strong foundation is not used there, and bearing walls made of stone or brick.


If we take a closer look at Chinese roofs, then in essence it is a certain hipped roof with well-known corner shapes. But this is only an external property. Internal structure roofs and their truss system differ significantly from traditional European-style designs.

Before you start creating a Chinese-style roof, you need to decide whether it will be a real Chinese roof or its imitation. If creating a real roof with a Chinese slope, then it will be an expensive pleasure, and if you are ready to spend a considerable amount to create such a roof, then this option is for you. But if you want to make a Chinese-style summer gazebo, then it is quite possible to use an imitation of a Chinese roof, since it will also blend harmoniously with the landscape.

Chinese roof - how to create it correctly?

fashion for things oriental style from time to time rolled around the world and gains its fans. But there are those people who do not succumb to such a temporary fashion, because they are constant adherents of the East in literally everything from food to architecture.

How a Chinese roof is created, whether it can be used to create a roof in a residential or utility room with your own hands, you can find out a little below.

A building built in the style of Far Eastern architecture can be easily distinguished from afar and literally at first sight, since such structures have an original and somewhat unusual appearance.


The main reason is the pronounced Chinese-style roof, with gently elongated upward corners present. For any non-specialist in oriental style roofing, such a roof is absolutely original and original.

But upon closer examination of the roof, it can be noted that it has analogues in traditional European-style architecture, these can be the so-called half-timbered or “Dutch” roofs. And the main difference lies in the break at an angle and in the complete absence of reverse bending of the ribs.

And therefore, in appearance for the Western classification, the design of the Chinese roof is not something special, since it is an ordinary hip roof with a broken slope (here, different parts of the slope have different angles of inclination) or a half-hip roof. But half-hip is used only when there are skylights(may have pediments).

But the fact is that this will only be correct for the shape of the roof, since the fact is that the supporting structures in Japan or Asia are specifically different from each other. And, therefore, before you start building a Chinese-style roof, as already mentioned, decide whether it will be original design Chinese roof or just its imitation, since there are a lot of differences.

Creating an original Chinese roof is much more difficult, but in fact it is necessary to create a building exclusively according to the Chinese canon. But in the case of an imitation of a Chinese roof, it will be possible to create it using the usual structural solutions. But still, only professionals and experts in this field can cope with the creation of both the first and second versions of the roof, because it has many features and difficulties.


Before you build such a stylish roof with your own hands, you need to decide how it differs so much from others. Its main element is a pagoda, that is, a stepped square roof with slightly curved edges. Such a roof is made of wood, pine, larch, bamboo, oak, spruce are excellent for this, it is used for cladding. natural tiles, metal, stone tiles.

Such a Chinese-style roof can have several levels, which gives it a special charm, but also imposes certain obligations on appearance entire house or building.

The gazebo in this case should be light and open, and the residential building should have features similar to the traditional Chinese style. A stone and massive mansion with European features and such a roof will look ridiculous, so when choosing a general design, pay attention to the correspondence of its individual elements.


The roof, made in the oriental style, is a tent construction, the corners of which are greatly changed, although its internal structure is quite traditional. Its unusual appearance is due precisely to the corners that are bent upwards. During construction, this often causes difficulties. Difficulties arise in covering it with roofing materials, arranging the under-roof space.

You can build such a roof with your own hands, but here you need advice from professional builders who will tell you the intricacies of Chinese architecture.
The nuances of construction

Why did roofs in China acquire such forms? What prompted the architects of that time to give them such unusual features? The answer, in general, is quite simple: this region is subject to increased seismic activity, so all buildings had to be not only durable, but also withstand any tremors that could destroy the roof and walls.


Therefore, it was precisely this form of roof that was chosen, which in the center would rest on a supporting pillar, strengthened at a depth. The roof of houses of this form became very reliable and durable, similar to an umbrella that shakes in the wind, but does not overturn. Almost every adult local resident could build such a structure.

When building a Chinese roof, you must immediately take into account all the nuances, which include:

The feasibility of the building

the availability of materials suitable for work and, in general, the possibility of installing just such a design;

Availability of financial resources, as construction similar design quite costly.
We analyze the complexity of the work and carry out installation

So how do you build a Chinese-style roof with your own hands? Particular attention should be paid to the rafters and the crate, since the reliability and type of the roof will depend on them. It is worth recalling that eastern architecture does not know what traditional frame technology is, that is, instead of the walls we are used to, a special support column should go strictly in the middle, taking on the full load. In European construction, load-bearing walls take on such a load.


The load of the roof is distributed over the building in the form of a rectangle, according to the general shape, while the usual roofs have a triangular distribution. In addition, the design of the Chinese roof is often multi-tiered, it looks like several roofs stacked one on top of the other.

When constructing such a building, it is necessary to contact an experienced architect who can tell you exactly how to implement such an idea correctly. The result should be a building that will protect from rain and will not suffer from an earthquake.
Roof installation

Consider now how to build a Chinese-style roof with your own hands. To begin with, we select the desired roof option and draw its drawing. Do not forget that our climatic conditions allow us to make only an imitation of such a building. When building a simple structure, you can do it on your own. If you want something on a larger scale, then the work should be entrusted only to proven specialists. An inexperienced team of workers who have seen such a roof only in pictures is unlikely to help you do something worthwhile.

After the calculations, we purchase materials and proceed to installation. First, we fix boards with a length of one and a half meters and a width of thirty centimeters in the center. We put the rafter leg in the center of the resulting base, that is, we get a support beam connected to the middle. Now repeat the same with the other side of the structure. Thus, we get a quadrangular figure in the form of a cone with ribs and a slightly curved base.


The crate is very simple: we nail on the rafter legs and the supporting side bars wooden planks, which should be perpendicular. So, the main structure, so to speak, the skeleton of the roof, we have it ready. Now we take plywood sheets, which we give flexibility to a number of notches, and fasten them to the crate.

As a roofing material, soft bituminous tiles are excellent, which are lightweight, perfectly follow all the curves of the roof, and have an attractive appearance. You can also cover the roof with copper, but this option is very expensive, before you decide on it, you need to carefully weigh the need such a step, although the copper coating is considered the best. So, we looked at how to build a Chinese-style roof with our own hands, now let's move on to the tips.
Chinese Roof Tips

Most often for Chinese roofs, shingles are used as roofing.

As we can see, the design is distinguished by its complexity and some simplicity, which greatly distinguishes it from traditional structures. We offer some tips from our experts that will help you deal with the construction of the simplest modification of the eastern roof on your own and completely transform any structure that it will crown.


Before starting work, draw a thorough plan that will display the entire rafter system, which will allow not only to assemble correctly, but also to calculate the material. As a coating for roofing material, it is best to take moisture-resistant plywood, which will allow you to completely repeat all the bends of the roof. It is advisable to thoroughly impregnate plywood, and indeed all wooden elements, with special antiseptic compounds that will help protect the structure from insects.


Chinese roof drawing

All roof elements are set according to a specific template, so prepare such a full-size template before starting work. This will help reduce construction time, make it better.

The roof is the first thing you notice when you see a Chinese-style house. It can be one- or multi-tiered, but in any case, its massive construction with curved edges gives the Chinese house, on the one hand, a kind of grandeur, and on the other, elegance. The curved shape contributed to a significant reduction in the mass of the roof (by almost a third), which made it possible to build Chinese roofs of houses without rafters based on a post-and-beam structure.


The design of the Chinese roof is characterized by a break at an angle and the absence of a reverse bend at the ribs. According to the internal structure, design truss system it differs significantly from European standards in certain details. For example, in contrast to the Western one, the absence in the Chinese version of the truss system based on load-bearing walls or the absence of rafter legs and struts, suspension rafter puffs.

Note that the load experienced by the roof, according to Chinese technology, is distributed over the structure, in contrast to the "European" triangle, in the form of a rectangle.

The device of the Chinese roof according to the relevant rules of traditional oriental architecture is a rather expensive undertaking. Therefore, it may be more expedient to deal with the device of its imitation or limit itself to the construction of a small pagoda on your site.


How to make a Chinese roof: device steps

Roof project development

First of all, you need to figure out the configuration of the future roof and make a sketch. It should immediately be noted that the construction of a hipped roof is associated with great difficulties. Therefore, it is better to opt for a simpler option - a gable roof with two gables. This option will satisfy the desire to have an exotic roof, and the work will be quite simple.


Carrier system design

The rafter system is designed according to the prepared sketch. At the same time, it is necessary to achieve the result of a distinctive feature of the Chinese roof - its concave profile. There are two possible implementations for this.

Rafter system in the form of a pyramid with a rectangular base

With such a device, the main element of the supporting structure is the truss quadrangle. Installed on top of each other, they will form the desired pyramid.

In the case of a gable roof, the quadrangles will have the same length. The parabolic curve of the roof is obtained by selecting the width of the roof trusses and the height of the racks.

Boards having a thickness of 20 mm are taken as the material for the elements of the crate. They are fastened, starting from the ridge, towards the eaves, so the number of these segments on one line corresponds to the number of mounted rafter quadrangles.

Sheathing boards are arranged in such a way that their joints are located in the middle of the edged boards of the truss system.


Hanging rafter system

For the construction of the rafter system, the following materials will be required:
boards with a section of 15x3 cm,
2 cm thick boards used for battens,
plywood, the thickness of which is not more than 1 cm.

How to make a roof truss
strictly in the middle of the support beam, a rack is fixed, while clearly maintaining a right angle (90⁰);
the distance between the post and the edge of the support beam is halved. Further, at the obtained point, one of the ends of the rafter leg is fixed, and the second is attached to the free edge of the rack;


find the center of the rafter leg and at this point fix one end of the board, and the second, respectively, is attached to the edge of the support beam;
to obtain a smoother bend of the roof, add an additional brace;
repeat all these operations again on the other side B-pillar- in a mirror image relative to it.

Thus, the result will be a single truss truss. The number of such structural elements is determined depending on the size of the roof. It should be taken into account that optimal distance between truss trusses is considered 0.5 - 0.7 m.
The next step after the device roof structure is the installation of the crate. The crate should be horizontal, while its step is determined by the width of the plywood.

Roof device
After the installation of the crate, the next step is to install the plywood. On the sheet, cuts are made approximately ¾ of its thickness. This is necessary to ensure a snug fit of plywood to the crate. The number of cuts is determined based on the bend of the slope: the larger the radius of its curvature, the more cuts are needed.
After installing the plywood in place, go directly to the roofing device. Such a roof is recommended to be covered either with rolled materials or piece flexible roofing material, for example, bituminous tiles.

The tile, of course, is more suitable for the embodiment of the general artistic design.

The Chinese style roof has curved ends. Which make out with the help of finished metal or wooden structures.

The traditions of the East that have developed over several millennia determine the features of architectural sights and their elements. The Chinese roof is no exception. As the finishing element of China's houses and religious buildings, it is characterized by a variety of decorations and curved corners. There are even ancient legends explaining design features this architectural element. According to one of them, at night, dragons descend from rooftops in order to harm people. Thanks to the bent corners of the roof, they fail to do so and are forced to fly back into the sky. However, this is far from the only and not the most popular reason, which today explains the presence of raised corners in Chinese-style roofs.

Modern architects offer a more prosaic and understandable, in terms of practical features, version. In accordance with it, the presence of raised curved corners at the roof in the Chinese style is explained large quantity rainfall in the territory where most often the construction of houses ends with the arrangement of such architectural elements. These design features of the Chinese roof contribute to a more efficient removal of precipitation at a remote distance from the walls of the building. In addition, the protruding overhangs of the Chinese roof protect inner space buildings from excessive sunlight.

Design features of Chinese architecture

Due to fairly frequent earthquakes, Chinese buildings are equipped in such a way that they can effectively withstand the high seismic activity of the area. This is achieved by the structural features of the building and, in particular, the roof, which rests on a central pillar, often not even dug into the ground and designed to absorb vibrations. earth's crust, which is aimed at protecting the building. In ancient times, the roofs of poor houses were covered with bamboo, while wealthy people decorated their dwellings with yellow glazed tiles made of clay. In addition, to decorate such roofs, decorative images of animals were used, according to the eastern inhabitants, protecting the house from evil spirits, and carvings, some elements were painted with oil paint.


Despite the similarity of the traditions of China and Japan, the construction of Japanese houses is carried out according to a completely different principle. In most cases, they are a frame covered with paper, and therefore, they are more like a structure without windows and doors. All vertically oriented planes perform the function of partitions, thanks to which, the fast recovery buildings in the event of frequent earthquakes, and if the destruction of the building did occur, the debris will not cause much harm to a person. The absence of a foundation and powerful load-bearing walls made of wood or stone only contributes to the safety of the building.

The nuances of building a Chinese roof: what to look for?

Before implementing the device of the Chinese roof, it is necessary to highlight its main differences from European roofing systems. The main element of the Chinese roof is the pagoda, characterized as a stepped square roof with raised edges. For the manufacture of Chinese roofing, wood is used - larch, pine, oak, spruce or bamboo, and as facing material- stone tiles, metal or natural tiles.


The presence of several levels is a distinctive feature of the Chinese roof, which not only gives it a special charm, but also imposes certain obligations on the appearance of the house and its architectural concept.

Important! If you are planning to arrange a gazebo, complemented by a Chinese roof, the design should be open and light, while the features of traditional oriental style should be clearly traced in the conceptual solution of a residential building. When choosing the overall design of the building, pay attention to the combination of its individual elements, since a massive stone house with European features, complemented by a Chinese-style roof, is unlikely to delight even a simple layman who knows nothing about architecture.

The spectacular openwork structure of the roof with its edges directed to the sky is the main element of the building, which attracts attention when looking at the works of Chinese architecture. Despite the fact that recreating the design of the Chinese roof is fraught with certain difficulties, if you follow the basic nuances, you can easily avoid them. Let's consider what these nuances are.

The main parameters of roofs made in the Chinese style, which distinguish them from works of European architecture:

· Unlike European buildings, works of Chinese architecture are built on the basis of a sewer-and-beam structure. The truss system, which serves as the basis for European houses, rests on load-bearing walls, while the basis of Chinese buildings is the central pillar that takes on all the loads. The design of hanging rafters, which take place in European architecture, implies the presence of struts, rafter legs and puffs. The supporting beams, ceiling beams and other elements characteristic of European construction are designed to give the structure rigidity and strength, but the works of Chinese architecture are devoid of these elements. If in European houses the arrangement of the truss system is carried out according to the principle of a triangle, then the load distribution in eastern houses is carried out according to the principle of a rectangle;


· For installation of Chinese roofing, cylindrical tiles are used, the uniqueness of the shape of which is determined by the need to fasten it at the corner joints. To give the roof a special flavor, it is necessary to use a special profile and figurines with fantastic images, called the “qiang show”. The installation of the roof ridge is carried out according to a similar scheme, while the qiang-shou is replaced with ceramic clamps, the specific “horned” configuration of which attracts attention when looking at the Chinese roof;

· A distinctive feature of the Chinese roof is the use of large cornices that protrude far beyond the building and thereby protect the building from excessive climatic influences, such as excessive ultraviolet radiation, strong winds and others. Thanks to big weight cornices, the entire mass of the roof is distributed in such a way that the entire structure of the building acquires increased stability. As for the dougong cornice system, it completely takes on the weight of the cornices.

Important! Specific characteristics of Chinese roofing:

Uniform load distribution in the horizontal and vertical planes of the frame;

The scheme of the Chinese roof suggests the presence of corners bent upwards;

The upper part of the roof is characterized by the presence of a steep slope, which becomes more gentle downwards.

An integral element of the Chinese roof are massive cornices, which protrude far beyond the outer walls of the house;


To ensure timely removal of precipitation from outer surface roof and effective protection of its inner surface from excess sunlight, it is equipped with overhangs that also protrude above outer walls at a considerable distance;

In eastern architecture, Chinese roofs are not uncommon, characterized by a multi-tiered structure.

Chinese roof scheme: original or imitation?

If you nevertheless gave preference to the Chinese roof, you need to pay special attention to its design, since already on this stage it is important to decide whether you will keep its unique design during the construction of the building or limit yourself to its external imitation. The erection of a unique structure is a rather expensive undertaking, while by performing only its external imitation, you can not only save money, but also build a more practical one for middle lane building.

Important! The main difference in the design of the European and traditional eastern roofs is the presence or absence of a truss system. The construction of houses in Japan and China assumes the absence of rafters, as they are replaced by a support-beam system that is more resistant to frequent seismic activity. In this regard, in the case of erecting a structure in an area where there is no such danger, you can remain faithful to the traditional structural systems for the middle lane.


When you carefully study the photographs showing Chinese roofs, you will notice that they have many similarities with some structures familiar to the European continent, the most striking example of which is a summer gazebo - a pagoda that fits well into the surrounding landscape.

First of all, decide on the configuration of the future roof and develop a roof project. Experts believe that the construction of a hipped roof is fraught with certain difficulties, and therefore, they recommend opting for simpler structures, preferring a gable roof with two gables. Despite the fact that this option is one of the simplest, you can still satisfy your desire to become the owner of a building, complemented by an exotic roof structure.

The next step involves the design of the carrier system. Particular attention must be paid to the rafters and the crate, as they determine the reliability and appearance of the roof. At the same time, do not forget that the use of traditional frame technology not typical of oriental architecture, and therefore, the usual walls should be replaced by a supporting pillar, located strictly in the middle and fully taking on all the loads. In traditional European construction, this function is performed by load-bearing walls.


Important! If the European roof structures familiar to us are characterized by a “triangular” load distribution, then this principle is alien to Eastern architecture. The load of the roof in Chinese buildings is distributed over the surface of the building in the form of a rectangle, according to the general shape of the structure. In addition, Chinese roofs are characterized by a multi-tiered design, and therefore, they often represent several roofs stacked one on top of the other.

If you are planning to build a multi-storey structure, contact a professional architect who will tell you how to implement this idea correctly so that it effectively protects from rain and, at the same time, is resistant to earthquakes.

Before starting work, draw a detailed plan that displays in great detail the structural nuances of the truss system. Thanks to this, you will be able to assemble it as accurately as possible and calculate the required amount of material. Most suitable material for arranging a coating for roofing material, moisture-resistant plywood is used, the use of which will allow you to repeat all roofing bends as accurately as possible. It is advisable to impregnate all wooden elements included in the roof structure, including moisture-resistant plywood, with antiseptic compounds that prevent them from being damaged by insects.


The design of the truss system is carried out in accordance with the prepared sketch, while trying as much as possible to achieve the distinctive feature of the Chinese roof - its concave profile. To accomplish this, two versions of the Chinese roof have been developed.

How to build a Chinese roof: options
Rafter system, which is based on a pyramid with a rectangular base

If you have given preference to such an arrangement, be aware that, in this case, the rafter quadrangle acts as a carrier system. By placing them on top of each other, you will get the pyramid you are looking for.

· If you equip a gable roof, the length of both quadrangles will be the same. To obtain a parabolic curve of the roof, it is necessary to choose the height of the racks and the width of the trusses. It is important to note that the most suitable material for the manufacture of batten elements are boards with a thickness of 20 mm. Starting from the skates, they are attached towards the cornice, and therefore, the number of segments located on the same line corresponds to the number of rafter quadrangles.

· The arrangement of the boards of the crate is carried out in such a way that their joints are located in the middle of the edged boards that are part of the crate.

Rafter system in the form of hanging rafters

To make the arrangement of such a truss system, you will need the following materials:

Boards, characterized by a section of 15x3 cm;

Boards necessary for arranging the crate, the thickness of which is 2 cm;

Sheets of moisture-resistant plywood with a thickness of not more than 1 cm.

How to make a Chinese roof: making a truss system

· Trying to clearly maintain a right angle (90 degrees), fix the rack clearly in the middle of the support beam;

Divide the distance obtained between the rack and the support beam in half and fix one of the ends of the rafter leg at the obtained point. Fasten the second end to the free edge of the rack;

Determine the center of the rafter leg, then fix one end of the board at the resulting point. The second end must be attached to the edge of the support beam;

· In order to get a smoother bend of the roof during the work, add an additional brace;


· In a mirror image from the central post, repeat all of the above operations on the other side of the support post;

· Upon completion of the work, you will receive a complete truss truss. Their number varies depending on the size of the roof. It is important to remember that the acceptable distance between trusses is 50-70 cm;

The next stage in the arrangement of the truss structure is the installation of the crate, which should be located horizontally. It is important to remember that the crate pitch is determined by the width of the plywood sheet;

· Having completed the arrangement of the crate, you can proceed with the installation of plywood. On a sheet of plywood, make cuts for 3/4 of its thickness, which is necessary to ensure a tighter fit of the plywood to the crate. The number of cuts to be made is variable and depends on the slope of the roof slope. Their number is directly proportional to the radius of curvature of the slope (the larger it is, the more cuts need to be made);

After installing the plywood in place, proceed to the immediate arrangement of the roof. Experts recommend using roll materials or piece flexible roofing material for this, for example, shingles, small slate tiles or euro tiles.

Important! If you want to fully realize your artistic vision, use soft shingles, which are characterized by light weight, the ability to follow all the curves of a Chinese roof and an attractive appearance.

· For the arrangement of the roof, you can also use copper, which is one of the best and, at the same time, the most expensive materials for Chinese roofing.

· The curved ends of the Chinese roof are made using ready-made metal or wooden structures.

· The specific color of the Chinese roof can be realized with the help of decorative figurines of dragons and other animals, for the manufacture of which materials are used that are resistant to high humidity and temperature extremes.

If you think that you are not able to implement the traditional Chinese roof design yourself, but still want to build an Oriental-style building, you should know that there are simplified versions of such structures.

· You can take a half-timbered roof construction as a basis and supplement it with specific elements to achieve the desired result;

· Or supplement the roof truss system with metal profiles of increased flexibility, thanks to which the roof configuration will acquire the necessary airiness.

The Japanese gazebo is increasingly found in the vastness of Russia: small pagodas can be seen as summer cottages as well as in parks or squares. The beauty of the oriental style is its simplicity - the Japanese one will cost quite inexpensively, and it is quite possible to build it with your own hands. But the color of such a structure can transform any suburban area, a Japanese-style gazebo will bring peace and tranquility, it will be a great place to relax and unwind after working days.

You can learn about the features of Japanese gazebos, how you can build them yourself and how to decorate them, from this article.

Why are Japanese gazebos good?

Traditional Japanese-style gazebos are built from materials such as bamboo, reeds, oiled rice paper, and thatch for roofing. Unfortunately, the local climate is too harsh for such fragile materials, so domestic buildings in the oriental style are made of stone or wood.

Important! Neither plastic nor others synthetic materials cannot be used to build a Japanese gazebo. The walls, roof and floor of the pagoda must "breathe", so best material for a Japanese building is wood.

Features of gazebos in Japanese style:


Attention! In no case should a Japanese gazebo be overloaded with unnecessary details and complex structures; the pagoda should be as simple and light as possible.

DIY Japanese-style gazebo

Having decided on a place for construction, you can start arranging the foundation. First of all, you should clear the site, remove debris and stones. Then the fertile layer is removed, deepening by about 30 cm, this is necessary in order to prevent the germination of weeds and other unnecessary vegetation.

Now they start marking - on the ground they draw the contours of the future gazebo, referring to the sketches of the pagoda or the construction plan. In the corners of the building, milestones are placed - wooden or metal pegs - these are points for future supports.

Advice! The traditional shape of the Japanese gazebo is a six or octagon. But for the first experience self construction recommended to choose more simple design, such as a square or a circle. A properly designed simple pagoda will be no worse than more complex Japanese pavilions, but it will be possible to avoid many mistakes during construction.

Since wood is a fairly light material, a Japanese-style gazebo can be built on a lightweight foundation; a pile-type base that can be raised above ground level is most suitable for this.

For laying piles, it is necessary to make suitable holes, as a rule, square pits with a cross section of 40x40 cm and a depth of about 80-100 cm are enough. A ten-centimeter layer of sand is poured into the finished pits, rammed and supplemented with crushed stone.

Now, pillars are laid out of brick or stone; liquid cement mortar is used to couple the material, which is simply poured over each row of laid stones.

Important! Piles can protrude at least 20 cm above the ground, but it is better not to make them higher than 50 cm, as this will weaken the entire structure.

When the concrete dries, proceed to the construction of the above-ground part of the gazebo:


When the construction is completed, you can start decorating.

How to decorate a Japanese gazebo

There should not be much decor for an oriental pagoda, because here nothing should distract attention from the contemplation of nature and one's own thoughts. Photos of traditional pagodas can lead to the right ideas for decorating Japanese-style gazebos.

This makes it easier to understand that the colors for staining wood should be neutral, such as white, beige, black or brown. Although there are many pagodas, the walls or roof of which are made in contrasts: a combination of white and black, red and beige, dark green and brown shades.

Japanese arbors must first be treated with an antiseptic, because wood is highly susceptible to rotting and infection with fungus. After that, you can open the tree with a layer of varnish or use stain - the popularity of natural wood shades is growing every year.

If you decide to paint a Japanese pagoda, you should be guided by the surrounding landscape, because the shade of the gazebo should blend well with the background of the site. It is better to choose acrylic paint, and apply it with a sprayer - so the layer will be uniform and thin.

Usually, the roof, walls and floor of a Japanese gazebo are painted in different colors, but they should not be very contrasting. The combination of more than three colors in one pagoda is unacceptable - this will make it too colorful, which is far from Japanese minimalist traditions.

The interior of the pagoda should also be as simple as possible, even ascetic. A lot of textiles, soft pillows and fancy lamps are out of place here.

Decorate a Japanese-style pagoda with the following items:

  • simple wooden or stone furniture;
  • a small table for the tea ceremony;
  • appropriate utensils;
  • a pair of Japanese rice paper lanterns that diffuse light and are located under the dome of the roof;
  • floors can be insulated with traditional mats, it is customary to sit on them in the houses of Japan;
  • windows and open walls you can curtain with light curtains, it is better not to collect them in lush frills, but to use a piece of fabric of the same width as the size of the opening.

Attention! You should not choose colorful or colorful objects, fabrics for the decoration of a Japanese gazebo - everything should be extremely simple and functional.

The gazebo is exactly the place where a person can acquire harmony with nature, feel unity with it. It will become a bright accent in the space of your garden. By its stylistic decision, one can accurately determine the attitude of the owners.

For those who prefer aesthetic minimalism, best solution there will be a gazebo in the Japanese style. She is ascetic, but at the same time elegant and airy and solid.

For a classic Japanese roof, the following styles are most characteristic:

  • pointed gable;
  • four-slope;
  • construction with a large number of gables.

Character traits

Location

Often we do not pay much attention to the location of the gazebo on personal plot, which can not be said about the Japanese or Chinese.

As a rule, for a gazebo for a summer house in the Japanese style (photo below), a picturesque corner is distinguished either in the very center of the site, or on a hill that opens best review. In a small area, it is desirable that from this place it is possible to survey the entire territory. For large ones, it is enough to determine the place from which the house and all its surroundings are clearly visible. Its proximity to a fountain or a small pool would be very appropriate.

The location of the structure is thought out taking into account the direction of the cardinal points. It is customary to orient a blank wall to the south. Then the access of the sun will be limited, and it will be cool inside during the day.

For the side walls of the Japanese, as well as the Chinese arbors, the direction of west and east serves as a guide.

Gazebo material

The classic Japanese style involves the use of exclusively natural materials: wood, reed, shoji (as rice paper is called in Japan), bamboo. Of course, it is not possible to reproduce the original technology in all regions of the country. In addition, these materials, for example, dried reed or waxed paper, will last in weather conditions that distinguish our regions, say, the middle lane from strength, for one season. However, it is quite possible to build it from solid wood or stone.

Design features

  • Roof. In appearance, a Japanese-style gazebo can be identified by a special multi-tiered roof structure. The pagoda symbolizes the state of peace and tranquility that underlies Eastern philosophy.

On a note

If desired, the roof structure can be somewhat simplified: make a pseudo-bunk or give it a concave shape. One way or another, in any case, it is important that the roof of the Japanese-style gazebo (see photo) is more massive than its base.

  • Dimensions. For such a design, this parameter is strictly regulated. It is very easy to calculate it even by yourself. The floor is completely covered with mats - tatami mats measuring 190 by 90 cm. The only thing that needs to be taken into account is that up to 4-6 mats go to the floor.
  • Window openings. They are located either in the lower part of the gazebo, immediately under the cornice in the upper part. The first option is more suitable for true admirers of this style, who, according to the ceremony, seat their guests mainly on the floor. Light through low-lying windows freely penetrates inside and perfectly illuminates those present. There should be more than six or eight windows in the gazebo. Their oval or round shape is more common. The windows are decorated with bamboo grilles.

A Japanese-style gazebo, in accordance with traditional canons, is equipped with a niche from the inside. It can accommodate a strict composition of flowers or scrolls on which calligraphic writing is applied. In the center, you can install a hearth on which tea is prepared.

On a note

Japanese pavilions-tyasitsy have a special purpose - they hold tea ceremonies. Their entrance is very low and you can enter through it only by bending over.

Color spectrum

The concept of Eastern philosophy asserts the importance of a state of peace and tranquility, so bright colors when decorating a gazebo in the Japanese style are not very appropriate. Designers have clearly limited the possible color palette: beige, neutral pastel colors or contrasting black and white.

Given the commitment of the Japanese to everything natural, the best option for wooden structure the natural color of the material remains. At the same time, the wood is impregnated with a waterproofing compound and treated with varnish.

Step by step construction guide

We have already noted the importance of a wide view of a beautiful landscape from a future gazebo, so care must be taken to give the structure an elevated position, unless, of course, it is “provided” by the relief itself. For this you can:

  • install the structure on piles;
  • put her up on the podium.
  • Foundation preparation. Let's start with the preparation of piles from pine beams with a section of 15x15 cm. The length is calculated by adding the lengths of the two parts of the pile, immersed in the ground, and the corresponding height of the structure. As a standard, its value should be at least 2.3–2.5 meters.

For a pile foundation, 4 beams are needed, and for the podium, in addition to them, another 5 additional ones, since its area is larger than the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe base of the gazebo structure. Four of them are installed between the main ones, and one in the center.

All wooden piles. Particular attention is paid to the lower section of the bars from the end side. Liquid bitumen is applied to these parts.

The area under the foundation is cleared of accumulated debris. Remove vegetation and fertile soil with a layer of 5 cm. Prepare recesses for piles. Drainage is poured there, as a rule, from crushed stone and sand. The drainage layer is tightly packed. Racks are installed strictly vertically, then poured with a solution of concrete.

  • Bottom harness. For side strapping at the bottom, a wooden beam (10x4 cm) is used. This stage is different for the two possible options for the device of the gazebo.
  • Pile. The strapping in this case serves as the basis for the floor. It is made in two mutually perpendicular directions: longitudinal and transverse. The support beams are attached to the piles with bolts, and the logs under the future floor - using screws that are fixed at an angle.
  • Podium. An edged board is stuffed onto the strapping, after which logs under the floor are installed on the resulting podium.

In both cases, the logs are laid in increments of 0.3–0.4 m. The floor is laid from a planed tongue-and-groove board 2.8 cm thick.

  • Upper harness. Starting from this stage of construction, there is no difference in the technology of erecting arbors in both cases.

On the support posts along the upper ends, a beam is laid in a way in half a tree. Wooden planks are fixed in the corners, on which the struts are subsequently fixed.

  • Roof installation. A sketch of a Japanese gazebo, its drawing are important components of the entire construction process. The sketch should show a concave roof configuration. To implement such a design, you can choose, for example, one of the following options:
  • truss system like a pyramid. The base in the form of a rectangle is formed by truss quadrangles installed one on top of the other;
  • for a gable roof with identical rafter quadrangles.

In terms of the shape of the roof, the Japanese gazebo, mathematically speaking, is a parabolic curve. It can be adjusted by varying parameters such as the height of the racks and the width of the truss structures.

Let's see how to get a hanging rafter truss.

  • A rack is attached to the middle of the support bar at an angle of 90 °.
  • The rafter leg is attached exactly in the middle of the segment connecting the rack and the edge of the support bar. The other end is fixed at the free edge of the rack.
  • Then the board is fixed, with one end to the middle of the rafters, and the other - to the edge of the support bar.
  • To get a smoother bend, add an additional brace.

On a note

The required number of roof trusses is determined by the size of the roof. Their number is calculated based on the installation step - it is 0.5–0.7 m.

The crate is stuffed from 20 mm boards /, placing them from each other at a distance equal to the width of the plywood. They are fixed starting from the top of the roof towards the eaves.

Sheets of plywood are laid on the crate. The best fit of the material to the crate is achieved by making cuts with a depth of approximately 0.75 sheet thickness. The frequency of incisions depends on the magnitude of the bend of the slope: they are the more frequent, the greater the bend.

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The use of oriental objects in landscape design allows you to make the courtyard or garden original and unusual. A Japanese-style gazebo, made by hand, will perfectly complement any site. It does not require a lot of materials or time to assemble it. And with the right design, you can make such an object the main one even on a spacious plot.

Features of the manufacture of the foundation

Due to the low weight of the frame wooden structure, it is not necessary to make a particularly deep base. You can get by with the installation of a columnar foundation or make a reliable foundation TISE. The pillars will be located directly in the corners of the gazebo. In the central part, they will not have to be dug in: a brick barbecue base will be laid out there. The pillars should rise above the ground by 20-30 cm or more. This will allow the gazebo to “float” in the air. And in order to easily calculate the materials required for the construction of the gazebo, it is recommended to draw up a drawing on which the walls, the barbecue, and the roof will be marked.

Drawings of a Japanese gazebo

Assembling the frame of the gazebo in the Japanese style

For the manufacture of a Japanese gazebo, as in the photo, only natural materials should be used. Optimally for assembling the structure, a beam with a side thickness of about 10-15 cm is suitable. wooden base(lower harness) is laid on the prepared foundation and fixed. Further work is carried out according to the following scheme:

1. Installation of timber for walls is in progress.

To simplify the work, you can put boards on the bottom trim, which in the future will be used to make the floor. This will help to quickly assemble the frame of the structure.

2. Installing the top trim.

For fixing a previously installed vertical beam and for the subsequent assembly of the roof.

3. Installation of a horizontal beam.

Used as a wall separator, not installed only at the entrance.

Next, the assembly of the first tier of the roof is carried out. To obtain the effect of "raised" corners, it is necessary to file the boards in advance, which will be located along the edges. A slight rounding upwards will allow you to make a Japanese-style gazebo with your own hands without much difficulty. It is important to securely fix the elements and carefully connect them: the upper tier must be firmly attached to the lower one.

The second tier of the roof is made in a similar way, but has a smaller size. Then outside the roof of the gazebo is sheathed with a board. And between the adjacent vertical bar of the walls, additional dividers-rails are fixed. Further, work is carried out on the design of the finished structure, its protection from negative external influences. In order for the Japanese gazebo for giving to be sustained in the original style, it should be painted in bright red. Upon completion of the preparation of the truss system and the painting of the structure, the installation of soft tiles is carried out. Initially, the material is laid on the upper tier, as shown in the photo. Next, the lower tier is closed.

Barbecue assembly and design styling

After the roof is made in the Japanese style, the floor is laid. In advance, you should make a small plinth for a barbecue, which will be located in the center of the gazebo. The layout of the barbecue itself is carried out using bricks. The upper part can be laid out with stylized tiles. Be sure to additionally tie it around the perimeter with metal corners. After completing the assembly of the barbecue, you can proceed to fixing the floor boards and painting them, varnishing them. It is better to make the floor in the gazebo dark brown: it will blend perfectly with both the main red color and the dark green shade of the roof.

Decorating the gazebo and installing lamps

As lighting fixtures hang Japanese lanterns. Just a couple of lamps will be enough to illuminate a small building. To complete the work on the object, you should hang the walls with tulle or cover with rice paper.

Do you prefer a philosophical and secluded vacation, merging your soul and thoughts with nature? - build a corner with your own hands on your own plot, where only the whisper of the wind and the noise of foliage can disturb your peace of mind. Where nothing will distract from the worldview and thoughts about the meaning of life and your place in it.

A Japanese-style gazebo is best suited for this. She is ascetic and at the same time elegant, airy and solid. The aesthetic minimalism of the Japanese gazebo does not tolerate any frills and arrogant pretentiousness. She is unique and interesting in her own right.

Natural material - the principle of the Japanese gazebo style

In addition to minimalism, the Japanese gazebo prefers natural material - breathing with natural simplicity. Of course, in the conditions of central Russia or in Western Siberia, the mountainous Urals, you cannot build an arbor from light bamboo, dried reed stalks, decorating it with oiled (waxed) paper and covering it with rice straw. But it is quite possible to build it with your own hands from materials stylized as natural or from stone blocks, bricks, wooden beams, boards, battens.

And another important nuance is the color of the design of the gazebo. No flashy colors! It will cross out the whole spirit of the Japanese style. The acceptable color scheme of the design is not numerous: beige or neutral pastel colors, or black and white contrast. And best of all, when building a gazebo with your own hands from wood, leave the natural color of the wood by processing it protective layer waterproof impregnation and varnish.

Before pouring the foundation with your own hands or digging piles under the future gazebo, you need to decide which one it will be: rectangular, square, multifaceted (Japanese-style gazebo loves 6 and 8-sided) or round. Have no idea what a schematic sketch will look like and what exactly to prefer? Then view the standard thumbnails:

It is better, especially if you are building a gazebo for the first time with your own hands, to stop at a simple option, without a complicated design - it is much easier to implement your plan.

Then comes the stage of preparing the construction site and the foundation for it (for a Japanese-style gazebo, a columnar version of the foundation is perfect). We make detailed markings with our own hands or with the help of household members (using ordinary twine). It should match the contours of the gazebo, displaying its length and width. We set milestones at the marked corners of the contour.

Having cleared the marked area from a layer of fertile soil (removing about 30 cm), we dig holes in place of the established milestones (40x40 cm and a depth of 50 cm to 80 cm). If you still decide on a gazebo of complex configuration, then we dig the same pits between the corners every 1.5 m - in this way the base will be strengthened.

We fill the bottom of each hole with sand (no more than 15 cm) or gravel, lay roofing material on top and concrete mortar (at least 10 cm) on it. We leave the filled sole for the pillar for four days, so that it grabs well and only after that we put a vertical support - a brick or concrete pillar (it can be easily decorated at the end of construction under natural stone). Make a pole like this:

  1. with our own hands we mix 4 parts of sand (coarse-grained) 1 part of cement with water and pour this solution onto the frozen sole;
  2. we lay out two brick or concrete blocks in parallel on the mortar;
  3. pour the solution mixed with your own hands onto the blocks;
  4. lay out blocks or bricks across the lower identical tier.

In this sequence, we raise the column to the required level (as a rule, the minimum height of the column above the zero point of the soil is 30 cm, the maximum is 50 cm). We do the same work with each pillar-support. As they seize, and the solution finally hardens - we put beams or crowns of our gazebo.

The principle of flooring in an octagonal gazebo

The next important step in the construction of gazebos (houses) in the Japanese style is the lower (main) strapping of the entire subsequent structure: we create a single frame from the timber, placing the beams for the future floor at an evenly spaced distance (no more than 40 cm).

Then, as the frame is fully installed - in front of the upper (roof base) strapping. For it, you need to choose slats or a bar with a smaller cross section than vertical supports. So, if the vertical (frame) supports are made of wooden (mainly pine) beams with a section of 15x15 cm, then the frame of the upper trim can be made of beams with a section of 7x7 cm or 4x10 cm.

Sketch of a gazebo (house) in Japanese style

Then - the installation of a Japanese-style roof truss system. And here there are several fundamental features. First of all, you need to keep in mind that the roof of the gazebo under construction should have a concave profile protruding above the main frame. It is quite possible to do it without involving third-party help - with your own hands, using two options:

  • perform a roof truss system in a pyramidal form, where as a base there will be a rectangle made up of equivalent rafter quadrangles that are installed one on top of the other;
  • do gable roof from identical quadrangles, giving the roof a parabolic shape due to the variable selection of the height of the racks and the width of the truss system.

Features of the truss system - top view

Tip: for the crate, it is better to use a board whose thickness does not exceed 2 cm. wide board truss structure. In this case, fastening must be done by going down from the ridge to the side cornices. So the segments will exactly coincide with the lines of the quadrilaterals.

In order to strengthen hanging rafters construction, it is necessary to fix the water column at a right angle in the center of the support bar. In this case, the rafter leg should be attached with one end exactly in the middle between the edge of the support base and the rack, with the other - at the free end of the latter. Then we attach the board so that one of its ends is fixed in the middle of the rafter leg, while the second is connected to the edge of the beam (reference). The bending of the roof is performed using an additional strut. And so on each side of the slope.

Rafter connection method: node 1 and node 2

We lay out the roof after the crate is made (from plywood sheets).

Tip: for a Japanese-style gazebo, soft roofing material is best suited (for example, metal tiles stylized as fired ceramics).

Having arranged ascetic furniture in the gazebo, do not forget to hang curtains made of natural material. The final touch of the tradition of Japanese flavor to the house that you built with your own hands should be decorating the space around it.

If it is not possible to plant sakura, which will delight with delicate flowering in spring and fluttering leaves in autumn, plant chrysanthemums or peonies around the gazebo in the Japanese style. Complete the composition with juniper. And even better - dig a pond near the gazebo, in which the sky will be reflected. And the best place Relaxation is hard to find!