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Finishing a wooden house inside with a clapboard with your own hands. The subtleties of lining with lining Finishing houses from lining

Lining is a natural material that is perfect for facing the house inside and out. Not everyone knows how to properly sheathe walls, so they prefer to hire a team of builders. However, in fact, anyone who wants to make a skin can do it.

Features of finishing work using lining

Wall cladding with clapboard is in no way inferior to siding or profiled sheeting. The material is considered universal by experts. This board has a tongue and groove. In addition, depending on the profile, it has a layer. Its design looks great. It will be able to reliably protect the building from blowing from the outside. Not a single finishing material can be compared with it, if we consider the cleanliness and environmental friendliness of the indoor climate.

Variety of options

Sheathing a house, as a rule, begins with the selection the right material. In this case, the purpose of the room must be taken into account. Depending on the profile, it is divided into the following options:

  • Clapboard panel. Her profile is simple and technological. It costs from 100 rubles.
  • Eurolining is distinguished by the presence of recesses on the wrong side of the panel. Through them, drainage and ventilation of fumes and moisture are carried out. It can be used for facade cladding. The average cost of this product is 200 rubles.
  • American designed for exterior decoration. This material costs at least 190 rubles per m2.
  • The block house imitates a round tree, as it has a convex profile on the outside. Like a simple lining, it has a flat inner side with grooves and spikes on the side. Its price is 250 rubles.

Varieties of varieties

"Extra" is the designation of the highest quality material. He is smooth and Smooth surface, there are no knots and defects. This is the most expensive option. If you want to save at least a little, you will need to turn to grade "A". Here, a living knot is found on a certain surface area. "B" may have minor defects in addition to knots. Grade “C” is considered the cheapest, but it has almost no aesthetic appeal.

To choose the best option for yourself, it is useful to watch the video:

How many squares are in a cubic meter?

When purchasing material, it is important to have certain knowledge. For example: what area can cover one cube. This value can change its value: it all depends on the thickness of the purchased products. The quadrature allows you to find out how much m2 of lining is in one cube.

  • You can calculate it if you measure the thickness of the coating (12 - 25 mm). This figure is converted to meters. If the thickness of the product is 16 mm, then 0.016 m, respectively, comes out.
  • A cubic unit is divided by the resulting number: 1: 0.016 \u003d 62.5 squares.

Material required for lining inside

  • In the room, measure the width and length. Additionally, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe ceiling is calculated if it is planned to be sheathed.
  • The area of ​​​​the walls is calculated based on the height and length.
  • All obtained indicators are added together. From here, the quadrature of openings is taken away: windows and doors.

Building material for outdoor decoration

  • When calculating the area, the method given above is used.
  • Quadrature of the gables by multiplying the height by the length. The resulting value is divided by 2.
  • The results of each wall are summed up, and the area of ​​the openings is subtracted from the result.

Multiplication will allow you to find out the number of boards in the lining cube total area for thickness.

What are the types of upholstery work?

Traditionally, a distinction is made between interior and exterior decoration. For the second type, you should choose the euro standard.

Sheathing of walls with clapboard is performed both vertically and horizontally. Regardless of the choice, you need to make a frame. Wooden blocks are used as guides. The optimal cross section is 30x60 mm.

The guides must be fixed to the walls using linings with iron hangers, specially designed for gypsum boards. The lining is attached to the guides with thin nails or kleimers. Thus, it is possible to sheathe almost any room.

Finishing outside

For this purpose, 2, 1 and top grade. If painting will be done with a colorless varnish, then you will need "Extra" or "A". Only these materials do not have falling knots.

3 stages of house cladding

Outside Finishing work carried out in stages:

  • markup
  • Mounting
  • Stitching

In addition to traditional methods: vertical and horizontal, there is an alternative - herringbone lining. The last option is considered the most economical.

To install racks that act as guides, you need to use a level or plumb line. There should be 2 racks for each corner of the building. Boards or bars are used. They are fixed with nails or self-tapping screws.

Bars are installed horizontally and vertically near doors and windows. To ensure a flat plane, the upholstery cord is stretched from above and below. Having installed vertical bars, guides are set.

Beginners should know how to properly sheathe walls with clapboard. For fastening in this case, the method of open fasteners is used. The screw is screwed into the boards directly. In this case, you should take care that the fasteners are located on the same line.

If you hire a construction company, then their services are not cheap. For m2, you will have to pay at least 350 rubles, taking into account the complexity of the lining and the type of insulation. Therefore, the savings are obvious if you decide to sheathe the house with a clapboard with your own hands.

Sheathing inside

Here again you will need racks with guides. Only the mount is called hidden. It is performed with kleimers or thin nails hammered into the grooves. At interior decoration there are also significant differences. The board is high quality. Held additional work to provide thermal insulation and waterproofing of walls.

When the room has sloping walls, the frame is mounted taking into account the slope. The interior decoration of the walls with the clapboard of the room is carried out with a board with dimensions of 30x50 mm.

First of all, make markings for corner posts. In addition to them, horizontal connections are fixed. The resulting contour is used as a guide.

Finishing depends on the material from which the house is built. If the building is made of wooden building materials, then vertical racks should not rest on the ceiling or floor. They need to be mounted at a distance of 2 or 2.5 cm. This is due to the fact that the walls in this case can be constantly deformed. The price, if you hire a team, will vary between 600 -1,000 rubles. The video will introduce you to all the stages of installation inside:

Trusting professionals, you can count on fast and high-quality results. This approach is practical. Doing everything with your own hands, you can save 2 times. Finishing a house with clapboard is not impossible. It takes time and desire.

Decorating the walls of a country house inside is a difficult and painstaking business only if its owner does not know exactly what he would like to see “at the exit”. For many, this is the issue: best walls in a country house - only wooden. The aroma of wood, comfort and a special microclimate that this material gives are the main components of success.

Certainly, simple boards no one has been using it for a long time. They were replaced by lining. How to do home decoration with your own hands using this material and what are the criteria for choosing it, you can find out in the following article.

Where is lining used

Wooden eurolining is used for wall cladding inside a wooden country house, sauna, bath (photo), balconies and loggias of apartment buildings. It is a natural, environmentally friendly and very pleasant coating that is pleasant to work with and even more pleasant to use.

A photo. Finishing a pair of linden lining

Internal lining wooden house clapboard begins with the choice of the type of building material. Wooden lining compares favorably with plastic panels in that it is not afraid of:

- mechanical damage;

— high temperature(that is why it is more often than other materials chosen for lining the walls of saunas and baths);

- frost (suitable for facing surfaces inside balconies / loggias).

When you come to a building materials store for lining, you always find it in its “natural” form - not processed or painted in any way. After installation, the eurolining can be coated with any paintwork material. The lining can be treated with stain, which will preserve the structure of the wood, but give the coating a more juicy and colorful shade.

Also, the lining is treated with oil, varnish or painted with paint. It all depends on the place of use of this coating. For example, in a steam room lined with clapboard, it is better not to use paint. Heated with high temperature and steam, the paint will release harmful substances, and the wood under it may swell. But the balcony, lined with clapboard, looks great freshly painted.

An excellent option for a country house wooden house- covering the lining with varnish (photo above). So the structure of the tree will be preserved, and the natural appearance of the coating will not suffer. Very practical and beautiful.

How to choose lining

When choosing a material, you need to remember that lining can be of three classes:

1. V.
2. A.
3. Extra.

Class B is considered the cheapest. Class B lining is a material with a large number of knots (photo).

According to the classification, a certain number of so-called “dry” knots are allowed in it, which can fall out during the operation of the material and thus form holes in the coating. Such lining cannot be used for lining the walls of a sauna or bath, since heat will escape through these holes.

Class A lining is considered to be a higher quality coating. Dry knots are not allowed in it, but there may be a certain amount of live knots that do not fall out over time, but simply remain in the wood. Extra-class lining - the highest quality coating. It is always made from the highest quality wood and has no knots at all (video). Such material is suitable for wall cladding not only in a wooden house, but also in saunas / baths.

Video. How to choose lining

It is noteworthy that extra-class lining made of aspen is most often chosen for baths and saunas. This wood is not afraid of steam, temperature changes, or high humidity. Conifers are also suitable, which, moreover, have an extremely pleasant aroma and emit useful substances when heated. essential oils. Working with such wood is a pleasure.

What is a lining

Outwardly, the lining strongly resembles ordinary boards, with the only difference being that it has special grooves, spikes and gutters. The gutters are designed to provide ventilation. Thanks to them, the interior lining of a wooden house will retain its condition. long years. The front side of the lining is traditionally smooth, without grooves.
The fastening of the lining is carried out by the "thorn-groove" method. On one side of the lining there is a protrusion - a "spike". On the other - a hole corresponding to it in size - a "groove". There are several varieties of this system (photo).

The spike of one lining is inserted into the groove of the other; thus they are joined.

Class B lining will cost the buyer 170 rubles / sq. m. Class A will cost about 250 rubles / sq. m. m. Extra class lining will cost the most - at least 400 rubles / sq. m. m.

How the inner surface of the walls of a wooden house is lined with clapboard

If you like the wooden surface of the walls of a country house or a sauna, eurolining is the perfect material for making this little dream come true. Clapboard can be lined not only with the walls of a wooden house, but also with its ceiling. This material is not suitable only for laying the floor.

When the lining is mounted, for example, in a sauna, you first need to take care of the waterproofing of the walls. Then a crate is attached to them. It can be made from a 20x40 mm rail. You can fix it with self-tapping screws and a screwdriver (video). Self-tapping screws are screwed strictly perpendicular to the direction of installation of the crate.

The slats of the crate are attached to the wall of a country wooden house or sauna at a distance of approximately 0.4-0.5 m from each other. The slats must be installed exactly relative to each other, otherwise the lining will not normally lie on them later and will be deformed. You can check this parameter using the mounting level. How to align the crate with a curved wall is shown in the second video.

Video. Installation of lining

Installation of the first lining must begin from the corner. It is attached to the battens with self-tapping screws, as shown in the video. It is necessary to work with lining very carefully, since dry wood tends to crack. To prevent this from happening and the lining does not split, first a small “basting” is made at the place of the future fastening - a deepening with a thin drill. Then a self-tapping screw is inserted into it and twisted with a screwdriver.

Subsequent work

The fastening of the lining is carried out with the help of kleimers - special metal brackets. The kleimer slides into the groove of the lining, after which it is attached to the lath of the crate with nails. Thus, it remains inside the entire structure and is absolutely not visible from the outside. The spike of each next lining is inserted into the groove of the previous one, after which the lining is fastened again with the help of clamps.

A photo. Installation of lining with clamps

This is the general scheme of working with lining, which can quickly and efficiently veneer the walls of a country house, sauna, or even a simple balcony. In terms of time, all this work takes mere trifles, but final result able to exceed all your wildest expectations. The interior of a wooden house, lined with such an environmentally friendly, natural and fragrant material, will look simply amazing.

Sheathing board is made from recycled wood. Lining is used in the interior of the bedroom, living room, kitchen. It looks great with wallpaper, textiles, painted surfaces. The finishing board is used for walls and ceilings, furniture decor. She will create a unique and elegant design of the home.

Demanded lining in the interior country house everywhere. Designers successfully combine fashion trends and wooden components. Finishing board is a simple and inexpensive way to decorate your home. Aesthetic material is often used by craftsmen in their projects, offering original ideas.

Large room with lining

The material has a natural structure and fits perfectly into the environment. It is easy to change its color with the help of paint, the choice of which is huge. Using different colors and their combinations, it is possible to achieve interesting results.

Main advantages:

  • durability of operation;
  • environmental friendliness:
  • additional thermal insulation;
  • simple installation without the need to involve specialists;
  • affordable price.

Wooden lining goes well with any materials. It will help create an exceptional atmosphere in the home.

Room design with lining

Decorating a room with wood clapboard

There are some disadvantages of the finishing board:

  • It is great for private households, but wood ignites easily. Before use, it is carefully treated with flame retardants.
  • Under the influence of moisture, the tree begins to collapse. It is impregnated with special substances to ensure resistance to decay processes. This increases the durability of the skin.

Even housing in a metropolis will look like a luxurious estate if you complete the clapboard cladding. A unique atmosphere will be obtained with good choice lighting, mirrors and furniture.

Clapboard with a pattern

Types of lining

It is worth carefully approaching the choice of material. There are such types:

  • wooden look.
  • They are in demand plastic products which have gained popularity due to their performance characteristics.
  • From MDF, a board with a special density is obtained.
  • Aluminum version suitable for outer skin.

Lining in the design of the room

Beautiful bedroom with clapboard walls

Modern manufacturers produce wooden types from deciduous and coniferous trees. They are classified depending on the grade and quality: Lining is called a narrow board that has a groove and tongue. This is a quality material that deserves attention. In the manufacture, it is treated with antiseptics, special formulations are applied.

The block house has a texture similar to log laying. American reminds wooden beam. It is often used for exterior cladding of houses, but can also be used for interior decoration.

Bright room with blue lining

Room with white lining

The lining is divided into classes:

  • extra - high quality and expensive type;
  • "A" and "B" - medium quality;
  • "C" is the cheapest option.

Lining classes:

Extra BUT IN FROM
Knots Invalid Up to 1 healthy, light and captive knot per 1 linear meter Healthy are allowed. No more than 1 drop-down (up to 1.5 cm in diameter) per 1 linear meter Allowed
cracks Invalid Permissible (not through) Permissible (not through) Allowed
Core 3-5% Less than 20% Allowed Allowed
Rot Invalid Invalid Less than 10% Allowed
Resin pockets Invalid Less than 5cm Allowed Allowed
Wormholes Invalid Invalid Less than 10% Allowed

Finishing material also differs in size. Its selection depends on where the installation will take place.

Wooden lining in the interior of the room

Bedroom with wooden lining

Country house interior

The decoration of the house requires attention from the owners. High-quality finishing will provide a cosiness and comfort. The lining is in harmony with painted surfaces, wallpaper, objects.

The most popular is the Provencal design style. Wooden lining complements the rough floor and plastered walls. It looks great in the interior of a country house. A fashionable and practical choice will change the perspective of perception, get rid of template forms.

Interior of a room with wooden lining

Bedroom with wooden lining

The use of such a cladding is due to the combination with the existing design components. An important factor is the artistic and architectural solution. It depends on him how the wooden components will interact with other materials.

Today it is possible to use such cladding in the bedroom, living room. It will create a special atmosphere of warmth. One of the walls is made accent, it attracts attention, being the starting point of the whole situation. The natural color of the skin will become the background for the paintings.

This option is also appropriate in the bathroom, it will turn it into a real corner of relaxation. Small rooms will only benefit from textured surfaces. Non-standard and dissimilar types of design will allow you to find an individual solution.

Room with clapboard made of solid wood

Room interior with wooden clapboard

Lining in the interior of the kitchen

Such panels completely decorate the room, but you need to make a bright accent. They allocate a dining area, and are also used for finishing work areas. After coating with a moisture-resistant composition, care will be easy.

For French classics, country style, the location of the material is suitable only at the bottom of the walls. Wallpaper is glued to the rest of the surface, painted. There are other options. Installation of lining is carried out only where it is installed kitchen set. Its vertical arrangement will visually increase the height of the room. If you want to expand the space, then stop at the horizontal version of the skin.

Bedroom with white lining

White lining in the interior of the room

Attention is paid to facades, it is better to choose smooth products. The upper sections are often replaced with shelves to make the room more concise. If you decide to decorate a room in an eclectic style, then it is better to use lining for one or two walls. In this case, choose the horizontal direction of the material texture.

Finishing with multi-colored clapboard

Wooden lining in the room

Painted lining

This finish opens up a wide choice for the owner of the house, everyone can find an individual solution. Wooden lining lends itself to additional processing. Thanks to this, the room can be decorated in the chosen style, to place accents. Painting makes the boards more resistant to impact environment. The procedure can be carried out at home. For this, they are used different kinds paints and varnishes. Coverage needs to be renewed periodically.

For ceiling space choose wide board. The painted lining looks harmonious. Contrasting shades, changing the direction of mounting parts help to get the desired effect. If you use a transparent composition, then the wood texture will become more expressive. Wooden lining in the interior is slightly tinted.

Bright white lining in the interior of the room

White lining in the interior of the bedroom

Acrylic glaze serves as an intermediate layer or is used as finish coat. The lining begins to be painted in an inconspicuous place to make sure that the tone is chosen correctly. Some compositions can be tinted, this is indicated by the manufacturer in the instructions.

The use of two colors will eliminate the monotony of the design of a country room with a clapboard. To do this, the boards are painted in different shades, alternating them. Semi-gloss compositions hide the texture of the wood, but the relief will remain on the surface. Patinating agents are popular, allowing you to get antique-decorated details.

Shower design with clapboard

Lining in the interior of the room

Clapboard: decor ideas

With the help of time-tested material, unique projects can be realized. Owners of private houses are concerned about the question of how to decorate the lining. Paint will allow you to get an unusual texture, designers recommend applying it with your hands. Processing of individual elements is carried out before they are attached to the base. Lacquered or matte light-coloured clapboard interior provides an amazing effect. Board layout may vary.

A unique texture is obtained thanks to a blowtorch. For the first time this decor was used in Japan. The combination with slabs or the decoration of only part of the wall of the room attracts the eye. For such purposes, light options for pastel shades are selected. They are surprisingly combined with bright furniture in the interior of a country house. The top edge of the board is decorated with a baguette.

Wooden lining in the bathroom

The walls of the lining in the interior with lighting will stand out. The material is often used in the Provence style. It is specially aged with paint to create an atmosphere of soulfulness. A fashionable trend is the use of a mirror on a bright wall, but it is better to purchase several products and compose a composition.

The classic solution is the interior of the house, lined with white clapboard. Ceiling decoration will be a fresh and unbanal solution. This will create a special atmosphere in the room. Lining will be an integral component scandinavian style. It will organically fit into the design with large ceiling beams, natural and artificial stone. The use of wood paneling opens up almost limitless possibilities. With its help, it is easy to translate any design ideas into reality.

Sheathing walls with clapboard means not only prestige and visible comfort. Lining made of wood has all the properties of wood: thermal insulation and breathability. The latter is determined primarily by the exchange steam capacity - with an excess of moisture vapor in the air, the lining from the lining absorbs them; gives in case of deficiency. In addition, wood exudes a slight aroma, bactericidal substances and neutralizes unpleasant odors. All this together creates a favorable, healthy microclimate in a house sheathed with clapboard.

Note: this publication deals with wooden lining. Plastic and metal are more resistant to external influences, but, firstly, they do not diminish or add anything to the quality of the environment, secondly, they are noticeably more expensive, and thirdly, the sheathing technology differs significantly from that for wood lining. Therefore, clapboard made of non-wood materials houses are sheathed mainly from the outside.

Work order

Wooden clapboard can be used to decorate living rooms of almost any style of design, both completely and partially, see fig. In the latter case, the lining can be effective tool zoning of the room, at the top left in Fig.

Wall decoration with clapboard is carried out in the following order:

  • Building preparation: if the walls are porous or cold (good heat conductors) - insulation and waterproofing from the outside. Possibly some decorative trim. Neglecting this point will nullify all efforts to create beauty within;
  • The choice of material - wood species, profile and width of the lining boards;
  • Choice of sheathing scheme: horizontal, vertical, diagonal, shaped;
  • Preparation of the internal base surface - leveling, steam / hydro insulation;
  • Installation of the crate under the skin;
  • Sheathing of walls with clapboard, according to standard or simplified technology. With regard to the strength and decorative qualities of the skin, they are equivalent, the differences are different, see below;
  • Applying a protective coating to the skin;
  • Installation of sockets, lamps and other devices built into the wall;
  • The imposition of skirting boards on deformation gaps, corners of window slopes and door quarters.

Material

Decorative lining is a kind of molding - long lumber - and is a profiled board with a typical tongue and groove connection. Tongue - a type of longitudinal tongue-and-groove connection with an open groove. Sheet piles come with locks (not necessarily requiring additional fastening of boards to the base) and without locks. Lining for walls and ceilings is produced exclusively with a lockless tongue and groove, because. locking tongues are reliable only in flooring. With locking tongues, a floor laminate is produced, which is much more expensive than lining. It is impossible to lay it on the walls and even more so on the ceiling without additional fasteners. There are typical fasteners for laminate, similar to the same for lining, but working with laminate is more difficult and it does not improve the microclimate of the room. The surfaces of the walls and ceiling are subject to wear incomparably less than the floor, so it makes no sense to spend money on covering anything other than the floor with a laminate.

Wood

Lining for walls is made of various breeds wood, both ordinary local and expensive imported. The budget of the level up to the average is available lining from pine, spruce, oak, ash, larch and birch, see fig. Cedar, maple, beech, walnut and exotic woods of the road. The dressing room and the rest room of the bath are sheathed with coniferous clapboard, the washing room is lined with oak, aspen or alder; possibly larch. Steam room - linden, aspen, alder; rarely - oak.

Note: before use, wooden lining and wood for battens under it must be subjected to acclimatization - they are kept in a room that will be finished for at least a day, stacked in a pile with ventilation ducts.

Pine lining is either the cheapest or very expensive. Cheap ones are knotty, and expensive ones are without knots from the trunks of mast pines. Knotty pine lining, however, in capable hands, serves as an excellent decorative material. Pine breathing is even, deep. Bactericidal properties and resistance to fungi and pests are excellent. For finishing living quarters, you need to take a lining made of dry-wood pine, cut down in winter. Pine-tar, cut down during the period of sap flow, in the open air keeps no worse than bog oak, but it is too resinous and expensive. It is easy to distinguish tar on sale from dry chips: tar either shows streaks of resin, or it stains your finger with it if you hold it with pressure over the fibers. The interior decoration of the house with pine clapboard is the best option in terms of beauty, utility and cost.

Spruce is in many ways similar to pine, but it is not necessary to sheathe the nursery and the kitchen with it: spruce is not divided into dry chips and tar. The resin content of spruce wood is about the same all year round. Spruce sheathing is light, but darkens faster than pine under the influence of ultraviolet (UV), so finish with spruce clapboard better room with windows to the north and northwest. A feature of spruce wood is its excellent resonant properties. A conversation in a spruce-lined office turns out to be solid, detailed, and the music or the sound of a film in a “spruce” living room is clear, juicy, and lively.

Note: on sale under the guise of spruce, lining is often found in almost the same color tone as pine. She is fir. There are more resins in it than in spruce, and the sound resonance is weak. Fir lining is well suited to the hallway, balcony, glazed veranda and other rooms where people enter in street clothes and shoes - fir lining retains bactericidal properties for a very long time.

Oak is renowned for its strength and durability. With regard to decorative lining, it is important that the tone of oak wood differs within the same board. This gives more design options. Ash is also uneven in tone, but lighter than oak and breathes easier. The south-facing oak-lined living room can be stuffy in summer; it is generally not recommended to decorate the bedroom and the nursery with oak. Oak muffles sounds; if neighbors are “happy” from your music center, then oak paneling is able to reconcile them with unexpected joy. Oak perfectly resists rot and mold, but wood-boring beetles gnaw it willingly. The house bug most often starts up in oak houses.

Larch is very resistant, breathes like pine. Fungi and insects are not afraid; ants and cockroaches avoid houses sheathed with larch, even mosquitoes fly there reluctantly. Larch wood has a wide range of tones from wood to wood; the texture of its layers is more refined and expressive than pine. Larch lining, selected by shades, is expensive, but its regrading is much cheaper and interesting effects can be achieved in sheathing from it. There is quite a lot of resin in larch, but it quickly evaporates and (mostly) bituminizes: a year-old larch lining is equivalent in this respect to dry wood pine. It is the bituminization of the main part of the resin that explains the high resistance of larch wood.

Birch gives an exceptionally bright, cheerful, positive interior. and aesthetically compatible with most modern styles design. Under the action of UV birch darkens slowly and weakly. Unfortunately, birch wood is very easily affected by fungi. The only 100% reliable way to guarantee birch sheathing from the appearance of colored veins and stains is underfloor heating combined with good external insulation.

Linden, alder, aspen for sheathing residential premises are of little use due to low mechanical strength; lining from these types of wood is used only for. Lining the steam room in the bath with linden makes the bath light, suitable for women, children and weak people. Steam room with alder or aspen paneling - ordinary, medium. Oak bath - vigorous. It is good to maintain good health and strength in it, but to an ordinary person she won't do any good.

Note: it is unacceptable to sheathe a steam room and a washing bath with a knotty clapboard made of any tree; in the bath atmosphere, the knots soon begin to fall out. In the steam room, in addition, the knots are sources of fire and burn danger, heat is concentrated in them.

Profile and width

Cheaper and easier to install with your own hands (see below) lining of the Soft Line profile (on the right in the figure); if, according to the design, the visible gaps between the boards are minimal, use eurolining.

The lining of the Shtil profile differs from it not only in a smaller thickness, but also in a more rounded groove - shaped chamfers of the outer ribs. Clapboard Calm, as a rule, is expensive, made of wood without knots. Lining under a bar is used, in addition to purely decorative purposes, for sheathing auxiliary bath rooms, because. due to its greater thickness, it conducts heat worse and is less prone to knots falling out. Larch clapboard under a bar at least a year old from the time of sawing can be sheathed and washing, but not a steam room.

Note: Eurolining is also available with a comb height of 16 mm. This is the so-called. wind resistant, for outdoor cladding. To sheathe the walls inside with it or not is up to you.

The lining of any profile is produced by boards of different widths. If you intend to finish the room (s) with a clapboard with your own hands in an inexpensive simplified way, as described below, then the width of the board becomes important: the last one in the installation order must be cut in width as small as possible, and the cut should not be narrower than the plinth + deformation gap. Let's explain with an example. Let's say the length of the wall is 4 mm (400 cm). We are trying to take for vertical plating (see below) a board 150 mm wide (15 cm) along the upper layer. 400/15 = 26.67 boards will be used for sheathing. So acceptable, from the last one remains 2/3 in width; 4/5 or 5/6 would be better. With a 13 cm board, you get 400/13 = 30.77 more expensive boards; a 180 mm board will not work, because from the last in width there will be only 0.22. A 200 mm board will not work either: it seems like an integer number fits them, but there is no margin for trimming, see below.

American

The American clapboard came to construction from wooden shipbuilding: there, lining with planks is the only way to get seams suitable for waterproof caulking. Lining-American can be flat (pos. 1 in the figure) and stepped (pos. 2 and pos. 3 - a profile with dimensions), to imitate herringbone sheathing along.

It is believed that an American can only be sewn with horizontal belts. So, the installation of an American Christmas tree (as well as a blockhouse) with vertical panels is quite possible:

  • Each panel will go 2, 4 (as in pos. 4), 6, etc. an even number of boards.
  • At the extreme boards of the panel, the comb is cut off.
  • Under the joints of low edges (with cut ridges), bars are placed perpendicular to the main bars of the crate, see below.
  • High edges are connected with dowels (lamellas) - strips of wood or plywood. There is no need to cut them exactly along the profile of the grooves, it is only necessary that the keys sit tightly and the boards do not play relative to each other.

Sheathing from American vertical panels looks no worse, if not better, than herringbone sheathing (see below), but it is technologically simpler.

Sheathing schemes

The lining boards on the walls are easiest to either mount upright or impose horizontal belts. Horizontal sheathing is generally more beautiful, but it is necessary to properly sheathe the walls with clapboard horizontally, by all means laying the boards with the ridges up. Otherwise, microreservoirs are formed in the grooves (pos. 1 in the figure on the right), from which rot and infection will come. With the correct sheathing of the side of the groove of the bottom board (the first in the order of installation) is cut off, pos. 2 in Fig., so that the groove does not become a pocket - a capillary moisture trap. As for the vertical cladding, here, whether and where to cut off the tongue / groove, depends only on the method of installation. Vertical cladding is used in damp rooms or with a high probability of condensation (bath, hallway); here and correct installation horizontal plating will not save it from jamming.

Diagonal clapboard lining is rarely used, because. complex and gives a large waste of material, but almost does not win aesthetically. There are many shaped linings with clapboard; you can see that, for example, flat herringbone sheathing (on the left in the next figure) is laborious, but not as complicated as it seems: the fragments are cut according to a template in a miter box and mounted on a vertical crate. They look chic, but more complicated are the rhombus panels from the lining, on the right in fig. The crate under them is a cross with a frame, in the quadrants of which bars are attached under the diagonal plating, see below.

crate

You can’t just nail the lining to the wall, even if the wooden wall is completely even: a system of capillary channels will appear between the sheathing and the wall, the room will become damp, and the sheathing and, possibly, the wall will rot. The clapboard lining is necessarily ventilated, for which ventilation channels are cut out in the undersides of the boards. That is, under the clapboard sheathing, a crate made of wood is certainly necessary.

Why wood? Because the lathing material, similar in properties to the sheathing, also serves as a mechanical damper, especially if the base wall is made of mineral materials. For the same purpose, deformation gaps of 6-10 mm must be left between the cladding and the wall, see below. If the sheathing with a wooden clapboard is applied, say, to steel profiles for drywall, then it will quickly swell or cracks will go. And if, after a year or two, the plinths are removed from the sheathing along the wooden crate, it turns out that its edges have led, but the visible surface has remained as even as it was.

Schemes of battens for vertical, horizontal and diagonal cladding are given in fig. General principle- the lathing bars are perpendicular to the boards. Do not neglect the edge bars (marked in red!): There should be no hanging ends of the boards; the crate for diagonal cladding must have a continuous frame. The thickness of the lathing bars is 20-40 mm; width 30-60 mm. The installation step of the bars is 4-5 board widths along the upper layer.

Note 6: fastening the bars to the wall - 6 mm self-tapping screws in plastic dowels. In concrete from 70 mm, in brick from 90 mm, in foam / gas blocks from 120 mm. IN wooden wall- self-tapping screws for wood from 4x60. The fastening step of the bars is 400-600 mm. Attachment points 50-70 mm from the ends are required.

Wall

It is necessary to fasten the lining to the wall, taking into account the fact that the gap created by the crate is a ventilation, and not a steam trap. Second, in order for the sheathing with an ideal room not to be led away from drying out of the wood, the unevenness of the virtual (formed by the outer layers of the lathing beams) surface for the sheathing should be no more than 2 mm / m and the total no more than 6 mm along the entire wall of any length.

Putting the crate directly on a porous moisture-absorbing wall (item 1 in the figure) is a gross mistake. A rather expensive and time-consuming, but very reliable option for preparing a wall is to cover it with cement vapor-tight plaster, pos. 2; at the same time and the wall is leveled. To a sufficiently even concrete wall in a dry room, the battens can be fastened with EC brackets for drywall profiles, pos. 3.

Initially, EC staples are thin perforated plates. In this case, the bars of the crate are pre-selected for evenness. The middle beam is placed first, the EC-brackets, already attached to the wall, are bent and fastened along its edges, the ends of the beam are bent, then the intermediate brackets are bent and the entire beam is fastened without deforming it. The rest of the bars are placed exactly in the plane, focusing on the middle one.

but The best way preparing the wall for clapboard cladding - vapor barrier; in the bath, kitchen, hallway, it’s impossible to do otherwise. The wall is leveled and foil isol is applied to it with foil out; insulation sheets are placed on mounting tape with an overlap of 15 cm. more than the thickness of the insulation, and already to them - the bars of the crate, pos. 4. Thus, a continuous ventilated space is formed between the insulation and the casing, shown by green arrows in pos. five.

sheathing

The main principle of clapboard lining is to go from small complex places (see the figure on the right) to large solid planes. For details on all the intricacies of the inner lining with wooden clapboard, according to all the rules, see the following. video, and we'll see where to simplify, reduce the cost and make it easier, working with our own hands for ourselves.

Video: installation of wooden lining

Professionally, the lining is attached to the crate with mounting clips: starting (pos. 1a in the figure) and running, or clamps (clamps, clamps, clamps), pos 1 b, 2 and 3.

Fastening with adhesives ensures high labor productivity: a pro, using a pneumatic stapler, spends only a few seconds on the fastening point, see the video:

Video: Claymers for fastening lining

Second, the adhesives do not damage the boards. For example, in the countries of Southern Europe, the wooden paneling of a room is a symbol of wealth and prestige, but from strong UV, the clapboard paneling there darkens with spots after 2-4 years. Then the lining is changed, the removed boards are sorted by tone and sold as used, but no one will buy a holey board as a working material. Mounting the lining on the clamps is technologically accessible to anyone, see another video, but it turns out to be overhead, because. in addition to an increased amount of more expensive fasteners, special tools are also needed.

Video: how to fasten lining with adhesives

IN Central Russia lining under 2 layers of acrylic lacquer (see below) will retain its appearance for 10 years or more. With your own hands in your house, the lining to the crate can be fastened with small screws or nails, pos. 4 and 5:

In this case, it is more convenient to work with the soft line (pos. 5), because the number of obliquely driven hardware is reduced. The fastener caps are sunk in plain sight by turning the excess with a screwdriver or, if it is nails, with a doboynik - a steel rod with a cap under the blow of a hammer striker at one end and the other end sharpened on a truncated cone. The simplest doboynik is obtained from a 100-150 mm nail.

Recessed fastener caps are rubbed with putty on wood. Because wall and ceiling cladding is not subject to heavy loads and wear, you can prepare putty exactly to match the wood yourself by kneading 2-4 volume parts of sawdust of the same tree into 1 part of PVA.

Laying

Usually the lining is laid in the same way as a laminate: a comb is cut off from the first board and placed in that place against the wall. However, since they don’t walk on the walls and ceiling and don’t put furniture on them, the sheathing according to the “everything is the opposite” principle, pos. 6. Only the last board is cut to size in width, and the first one is placed with a groove to the wall as it is.

Protection

The panel (wall) sewn with clapboard is sanded to evenness with sandpaper No. 140-160, then primed with a primer for acrylic lacquer. The purpose of the primer in this case is primarily to raise the small fibers left by the coarse sandpaper. After the primer dries, the surface is sanded with sandpaper No. 240-280. After each grinding, the surface is blown with a vacuum cleaner (you can’t rub it with a rag!). Two sandings with an intermediate primer will give a perfectly smooth surface. Its protection against mechanical damage and UV will provide 2 layers of acrylic varnish, colorless or tinted. The 2nd layer is applied after the first has completely dried. In addition, varnishing will significantly reduce the fire hazard of the skin, but it will not interfere with breathing: breathing will go from the underside through the deformation gaps.

Wall cladding with clapboard is widely used both for interior decoration of loggias and country houses. Wood allows the walls to breathe. , made with the use of such material, will give a feeling of calm and comfort. Proper lining will allow you to make more comfortable.

Classification

There are several classifications of this material. When choosing which one to buy, it is necessary to build on the goal first of all, then choose the desired option from the proposed ones.

It is subdivided depending on the type of wood used.

It is made from the following breeds:

  1. Hardwood;
  2. Conifers.

The second option is not recommended for use in rooms where large temperature differences are implied. These are saunas and baths. Due to the high temperature, resins can be released onto the surface of the wood, which makes the finish sticky and not very aesthetic.

In addition, these substances can cause burns. An exception to this rule is considered. It belongs to the finishing materials of the highest category. Facing is expensive, but it will last a long time and without creating problems.

The coniferous species are spruce, larch, pine, eucalyptus, cedar. These trees are considered "soft".

deciduous trees- alder, aspen, linden, ash. Linden is considered a particularly valuable breed. When exposed to high temperature, it gives off a pleasant unobtrusive aroma. It has a beneficial effect on the nervous system.

Quality is determined by class. There are four of them:

  • Extra or Premium;

Extra class- the most expensive type. It is distinguished by impeccable performance. It is usually made by gluing, otherwise the price of such material would be very high. It is perfect for creating expensive decoration. You will not notice flaws both on its surface and inside.

Class A also called. The distribution by class is determined by GOST. When choosing, you should view it yourself.

Extra class and Class A are not much different for some manufacturers. On the boards of this category you will not find obvious defects. There are no black falling knots and blue on it. If there are defects, they are minor and do not affect the quality of workmanship.

Class B- a budget option. This sort or balconies. Defects are usually in the nature of a small factory defect. This category is available to most citizens.

Class C- The lowest quality option. There are many defects on the surface in the form of small rot, blue, falling out black knots and cracks. If it is used, it is only for finishing insignificant utility rooms.

According to the type of profile, they distinguish:

  • Standard;
  • Softline
  • American;
  • Block house;

It is an imitation of rounded timber. This finish is the best fit for a country house. It will give the look of old log houses.

Softline got its name because of the slightly rounded edges.

Gives the impression that the panels are overlapped. It can be used for both indoor and outdoor work. Tight-fitting panels keep moisture out.

Advantages

You can praise the wooden lining endlessly. This is an environmentally friendly material.

It does not emit any harmful substances, so even rooms where children or people with allergies live can be lined with it.

This is a durable material. With proper processing over time, it does not lose its original appearance. It won't scratch or break.

Various tree species and a variety of paint and varnish products will allow you to create a finish of any color.

Cladding, unlike clapboard, is not so much exposed to harsh external and internal factors. She is not afraid of small mechanical damage. It will retain its original appearance.

Horizontal or vertical cladding

Do-it-yourself clapboard wall cladding begins with the choice of laying direction. There are horizontal, vertical, diagonal and mixed.

Horizontal Vertical Diagonal
Christmas tree Brickwork Frame

Horizontal direction finishes are traditional for Russia. It expands the space. But the main disadvantage is the accumulation of moisture and dust at the joints. To avoid this, it is necessary to direct the grooves down. In this direction, it is recommended to start from the ceiling to the floor.

Vertical direction widely used for decoration in Finland. Using this method, we can visually increase the height of the ceiling. This is especially true if we. In this case, it is necessary to start installation from the corner, and the most difficult one.

Diagonal and mixed the direction is distinguished, first of all, by aesthetics. It is much more difficult to install. A unique design can also be achieved by combining various varieties tree.

We build the crate

Do-it-yourself clapboard cladding begins with the installation of the crate.

For its fastening on brick and concrete walls dowels are used, on wooden ones - nails or self-tapping screws.

It is very important to mark the surface before mounting the frame. The quality of the finish itself depends on a properly built structure.

The crate also has the function of leveling the walls. To do this, wedges or chips are placed under the timber. The frame can be made from both wood and metal profiles. Do not forget to treat the surface with protective compounds.

A prerequisite is the use of the building level. The more often you use it, the less you will have to redo.

Most often, a beam of 50 × 25 mm is used as the basis.

The fastening of the frame elements depends on the chosen direction of the lining. The bars should be placed perpendicular to the panels.

The standard step of the crate is 50 cm. It is convenient to place sheets of insulation inside such pockets.

You can use a fishing line and a plumb line. If you are going, experienced craftsmen advise placing the ribs of the structure at the level of the knee, thigh and chest. This will ensure optimum structural rigidity.

The video shows how to install the frame:

Self-plating

Or walls are unacceptable when using raw lining. First you need to dry it.

Finished panels are most often fastened in a secret way. Installing the first board is very important. It lays the foundation for the whole structure. It is fixed in several places and the slope must be checked using the building level.

In the horizontal direction, we start the installation from the ceiling, in the vertical direction - from the corner in which the greatest trimming is meant. The bottom board is usually trimmed. The plinth will help to hide it.

After the first panel is fixed, the next one is inserted into the groove. It is fixed in the same way.

The joints between the planks, as well as the panels themselves, must be carefully treated with special compounds.

Video - do-it-yourself wall cladding:

Even if you are not a professional, if you follow all the rules and formalities, you can easily sheathe the walls!

Approximate cost of work

The cost of the material depends on the breed and. Approximate price in the table:

The cost of plating goes for square meter. Price of works - about 300 rub/m2.