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Health-saving technologies in the educational process in kindergarten. Abstract: Health-saving technologies in the educational process of preschool educational institutions

The beginning of the emergence of the idea of health saving should be considered the 5th - 2nd century BC, when valeotugenaria appeared in ancient Rome, responsible for the health and performance of slaves. In the same period, Greek scientists substantiated the importance of hardening, exercise and healthy lifestyle.

The idea of health saving in pedagogy was first put forward by Plato, subsequent generations of scientists developed it. So, Aristotle expressed the idea of natural conformity, which was developed by Ya.A. Comenius. His principle of conformity to nature lies in the fact that a person, being a part of nature, obeys, as a particle of nature, its universal laws. J.J. Rousseau considers conformity to nature as following the nature of the child, as helping his nature.

In the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries, the idea of "pedagogizing the environment" (P.P. Blonsky, P.F. Lesgaft, M.M. Pistrak, S.T. Shatsky) arose, in which the child would be given the opportunity for free physical and mental development.

The main task of teaching L.S. Vygotsky considered the provision of conditions for the development of the internal forces and capabilities of the child. D.N. Uznadze emphasized the importance of the teacher's personality in teaching. In his concept of the so-called "tragedy of education", he pays special attention to the study of the relationship established between the teacher and the child. Analyzing the nature of these relationships, the author focuses on the need to find a humanistic approach to the child and the appropriate psychological basis for building the educational process.

One of the key areas of the health-saving concept is the organization of the process of preserving and shaping health, which includes social, medical, pedagogical and a number of other aspects.

Preservation and strengthening of children's health is one of the main strategic tasks of the country's development. It is regulated and provided by such legal documents as the laws of the Russian Federation “On Education” (Article 51), “On the Sanitary and Epidemiological Welfare of the Population”, as well as decrees of the President of Russia “On Urgent Measures to Ensure the Health of the Population of the Russian Federation”, “ On the approval of the main directions of the state social policy to improve the situation of children in the Russian Federation, etc. The above documents are designed to help achieve certain results of stabilization in preschool institutions, a qualitative improvement in children's health.

The reasons for this are the high incidence of children, the increase in the number of obese children. The Concept for the Development of Physical Culture and Sports in the Russian Federation notes that 85% of these children are potentially ill with cardiovascular diseases. Quite a lot of children in need of psychocorrection are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children preschool age already suffer from a lack of movement and lack of hardening. "Actual task of physical education, the Concept says, is to find effective means of improving the development of the motor sphere of preschool children based on the formation of their need for movements." Since physical health forms an inseparable unity with mental health and emotional well-being, the ways to achieve it cannot be reduced to narrow medical and narrow pedagogical activities. The entire organization of the child's life in a preschool educational institution should have a health-improving orientation. The implementation of the most important provisions of the Concept related to the protection and promotion of children's health has intensified the search for new technologies for physical education and health work, assessing the state of health and physical development of children.

The efforts of preschool workers today, more than ever, are aimed at improving the health of a preschool child, cultivating a healthy lifestyle. It is no coincidence that these tasks are the priorities in the program of modernization of Russian education. One of the means of solving the identified problems is health-saving technologies, without which the pedagogical process of a modern kindergarten is unthinkable. But what are health-saving technologies in the pedagogical process of preschool educational institutions and what should be considered them - still remains a mystery for a wide range of professional and pedagogical audiences and even for those who confidently use these technologies in their practice. Let's try to understand the concepts.

Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity (WHO). Table 1.

The health-saving pedagogical process of a preschool educational institution - in the broadest sense of the word - the process of educating and educating preschool children in the mode of health saving and health enrichment; a process aimed at ensuring the physical, mental and social well-being of the child. Health saving and health enrichment are the most important conditions for organizing the pedagogical process in a preschool educational institution.

In a narrower sense of the word, it is a specially organized, developing over time and within a certain educational system, the interaction of children and teachers, aimed at achieving the goals of health saving and health enrichment in the course of education, upbringing and training.

Technology- this is a tool of professional activity of a teacher, respectively, characterized by a qualitative adjective pedagogical. The essence of pedagogical technology lies in the fact that it has a pronounced phasing (step by step), includes a set of specific professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activity even in the design process. Pedagogical technology distinguish: specificity and clarity of goals and objectives; the presence of stages: primary diagnosis; selection of content, forms, methods and techniques of its implementation; using a set of means in a certain logic with the organization of intermediate diagnostics of achieving the goal, criteria-based assessment of results.

The most important characteristic of pedagogical technology is its reproducibility. Any pedagogical technology should be health-saving!

The principles of health care.

- "Do no harm!"- all applied methods, techniques, means used must be reasonable, proven in practice, not harmful to health.

- Continuity and succession - work is carried out not from case to case, but every day and at every lesson.

- Consistency of content and organization teaching and educating the age and individual characteristics of the child.

- Comprehensive, interdisciplinary approach- unity in the actions of the teacher, psychologist and doctors.

Health-saving technologies in preschool education technologies aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching the health of the subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten: children, teachers and parents. Target health-saving technologies in preschool education in relation to a child - ensuring a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and nurturing a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to a person’s health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and protect it, valeological competence that allows a preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance. In relation to adults - promoting the formation of a culture of health, including a culture of professional "health" of preschool teachers and valeological education of parents.

Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education - classification of health-saving technologies according to the dominance of goals and tasks to be solved, as well as the leading means of health-saving and health-enrichment of the subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten.

In this regard, the following types of health-saving technologies in preschool education can be distinguished:

Medico-prophylactic;

Physical culture and recreation;

Health saving educational technologies in kindergarten;

Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of the child;

Health saving and health enrichment of teachers of preschool education;

Valeological education of parents.

Medical and preventive technologies in preschool education technologies that ensure the preservation and enhancement of children's health under the guidance of the medical staff of the preschool educational institution in accordance with medical requirements and standards, using medical devices.

These include the following technologies:

Organization of health monitoring of preschoolers and development of recommendations for optimization child health;

Organization and control of nutrition for children of early and preschool age;

Organization and control of the physical development of preschoolers, hardening;

Organization preventive measures in kindergarten;

Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of SanPiNs;

Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.

Today, doctors are not able to cope with the problems of deteriorating health, so the question arises of preventive work, the formation of a conscious attitude to health and healthy lifestyle life (HLS). Propaedeutic work in this direction falls on the shoulders of teachers.

Physical culture and health technologies in preschool education - technologies aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the health of the child: the development of physical qualities, physical activity and the formation of physical culture of preschoolers, hardening, breathing exercises, massage and self-massage, prevention of flat feet and formation correct posture, health-improving procedures in the aquatic environment (pool) and on simulators, cultivating the habit of everyday physical activity and health care, etc. The implementation of these technologies, as a rule, is carried out by specialists in physical education and educators of preschool educational institutions in conditions of specially organized forms of recreational work. Separate techniques of these technologies are widely used by preschool teachers in various forms of organization of the pedagogical process: in the classroom and walks, during sensitive moments and in the free activities of children, in the course of pedagogical interaction between an adult and a child, etc.

Health-saving educational technologies in kindergarten- these are, first of all, technologies for educating a valeological culture or a culture of health for preschool children. The purpose of these technologies is the formation of a conscious attitude of the child to the health and life of a person, the accumulation of knowledge about health and the development of the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it, the acquisition of valeological competence, which allows the preschooler to independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance. In preschool pedagogy, the most significant types of technologies include the technologies of personality-oriented education and training of preschoolers. The leading principle of such technologies is accounting personality traits child, the individual logic of his development, taking into account children's interests and preferences in the content and activities in the course of education and training. The construction of the pedagogical process with a focus on the personality of the child naturally contributes to his prosperous existence, and hence health.

The choice of health-saving pedagogical technologies depends on the program that teachers work on, the specific conditions of the preschool educational institution (DOE), the professional competence of teachers, as well as indications of the incidence of children.

"Health saving technologies in educational process Kindergarten and family

Plan

Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives.

What is health-saving technologies?

Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions.

Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution.

DOW and family.

Cooperation between kindergarten and family: caring for the health of a preschooler.

“I’m not afraid to repeat again and again:

health care is the most important

the work of an educator. from cheerfulness,

the cheerfulness of children depends on them spiritual life,

outlook, mental development,

strength of knowledge, faith in one's own strength.

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation of health and the development of physical qualities is laid and strengthened, which are necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms motor activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler.

What is health? Let us turn to the “Dictionary of the Russian Language” by S.I. Ozhegova: "Correct, normal activity of the body." The Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) states that health is not only the absence of disease or infirmity, but also complete physical, mental and social well-being. That is why the problem of health should be considered in a broad social aspect.

An analysis of the health status of preschool children shows that over the past decade the number of absolutely healthy children has decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases has increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of often and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - postural disorders, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly keen on the intellectual development of their children ( computer games, attending various circles).

The above results clearly indicate the socio-pedagogical level of problems that arise before the employees of preschool institutions, designed to raise a healthy child with optimal physical and mental development, which corresponds to the social demand of society.

It is undeniable that the main task of the kindergarten is to prepare the child for an independent life, giving him the necessary skills and habits for this, cultivating certain habits. But can every professionally trained teacher, just an adult responsible person dispassionately relate to the unfavorable state of health of his pupils, his progressive deterioration? One of the answers to this question was the demand for health-saving educational technologies by teachers of an educational institution.

Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives

Before we start talking about health-saving technologies, let's define the concept of "technology". Technology is a tool of a teacher's professional activity, respectively, characterized by a qualitative adjective - pedagogical. The essence of pedagogical technology lies in the fact that it has a pronounced phasing (step by step), includes a set of specific professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activity even in the design process. Pedagogical technology is distinguished by: specificity and clarity of goals and objectives, the presence of stages: primary diagnosis; selection of content, forms, methods and techniques of its implementation; using a set of means in a certain logic with the organization of intermediate diagnostics to achieve the designated goal; final diagnosis of achieving the goal, criteria-based assessment of the results. ( This definition proposed by Derkunskaya V.A. - candidate of pedagogical sciences)

What is health-saving technologies?

Health-saving technologies in preschool education are technologies aimed at solving the priority task of modern preschool education - the task of preserving, maintaining and enriching the health of subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten: children, teachers and parents.

The goal of health-saving technologies in preschool education in relation to a child is to ensure a high level of real health for a kindergarten pupil and the upbringing of a valeological culture as a combination of a child’s conscious attitude to human health and life, knowledge about health and the ability to protect, maintain and preserve it, valeological competence that allows a preschooler independently and effectively solve the problems of a healthy lifestyle and safe behavior, tasks related to the provision of elementary medical, psychological self-help and assistance. With regard to adults - promoting the formation of a health culture, including a culture of professional health for preschool educators and valeological education of parents.

In the preschool educational institution, a “health saving technology” can be developed, the tasks of which are:

1. Preservation and strengthening of children's health based on the integrated and systematic use of physical education tools available for kindergarten, optimization of motor activity on fresh air.

2. Ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

3. Constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, development creativity.

Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions

Types of health-saving technologies in preschool education - classification of health-saving technologies according to the dominance of goals and tasks to be solved, as well as the leading means of health saving and health enrichment of subjects of the pedagogical process in kindergarten.

Health-saving activities in our kindergarten are carried out in the following forms:

Medical and preventive technologies

Medical and preventive activities ensure the preservation and enhancement of the health of children under the guidance of the medical staff of the preschool educational institution in accordance with medical requirements and standards using medical means.

The objectives of this activity:

Organization of monitoring of children's health and development of recommendations for optimizing children's health;

Organization and control of children's nutrition, physical development, hardening;

Organization of preventive measures that contribute to the resistance of the child's body (for example, immunization, gargling with anti-inflammatory herbs, a sparing regimen during the adaptation period, etc.).

Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards - San PiNov

Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.

Monitoring of the state of health and physical development of children is carried out by medical workers of the kindergarten. All work on the physical education of children in the preschool educational institution is based on their physical fitness and existing deviations in the state of health. To do this, on the basis of individual medical records, the doctor of the preschool institution draws up a summary scheme for each age group, which helps educators and medical workers to have a clear picture of the health status of the children of the entire group and each child individually. This analysis scheme and specific recommendations are entered in the group "Health Journal" - "Individual route of the child" - so that each teacher plans physical education and health work in accordance with the characteristics of children's health.

Physical culture and health technology

Physical culture and health-improving activities are aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the child's health.

The objectives of this activity:

Development of physical qualities;

Control of physical activity and formation of physical culture of preschoolers,

Formation of correct posture, prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system;

Cultivate the habit of daily physical activity;

Recovery by means of hardening. Physical culture and health-improving activities are carried out by a physical education instructor in physical education classes, as well as by teachers - in the form of various gymnastics, physical education sessions, dynamic pauses etc.;

Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of the child;

The task of this activity is to ensure emotional comfort and positive psychological well-being of the child in the process of communicating with peers and adults in kindergarten, family; ensuring the socio-emotional well-being of a preschooler, tk. emotional mood, mental well-being, cheerful mood of children is important for their health. In its activities, the “accompanying service” is guided by the Regulations on the Medical, Psychological and Pedagogical Service and aims to create an integral system in a preschool institution that provides optimal conditions for the development of children, taking into account age and individual characteristics, the state of somatic and mental health. In this system, diagnostic, advisory, correctional-developing, treatment-and-prophylactic and social directions interact.

Technologies of health saving and health enrichment of teachers

To improve the health of babies, their favorable physical development is influenced by the whole way of life of the child in kindergarten, the caring and attentive attitude of adults towards him, high feeling responsibility of the whole team for each student. Therefore, much attention in our preschool educational institution is paid to the selection and placement of personnel into groups, taking into account their business qualities, experience and psychological compatibility. Keeping in mind that the results of physical development depend primarily on vocational training teachers, their pedagogical knowledge, a system of comprehensive methodological work to improve skills has been thought out.

The teacher who guards the health of the child, educates the culture of the health of the child and parents, first of all, must be healthy himself, have valeological knowledge, not overworked, must be able to objectively assess his own advantages and disadvantages associated with professional activities, draw up a plan for the necessary self-correction and proceed to its implementation .

Technologies of valeological education of parents.

The main educators of the child are the parents. From how the child’s day regimen is properly organized, what attention the parents pay to the child’s health, his mood, the state of physical comfort depend. The healthy lifestyle of a child, to which he is taught in an educational institution, can either find daily support at home, and then be fixed, or not, and then the information received will be superfluous and painful for the child.

Information and educational activities are expressed in the formation of a healthy lifestyle in parents as a value, as well as in acquainting parents with various forms of work on physical education in a preschool institution, informing about the state of health and physical development, about the level of motor fitness of their child; attracting parents to participate in various joint physical culture leisure activities and holidays.

In order to cooperate with parents on the formation of a healthy lifestyle in children, we have developed a system of activities, which include:

parent meetings,

consultations,

conferences,

contests,

sports holidays,

health holidays,

family club

slide folders,

teacher's personal example

non-traditional forms of work with parents,

practical demonstrations (workshops)

Health-saving educational technologies.

This type of activity involves the education of a valeological culture, or a culture of health, for preschoolers. Its purpose is to form in children a conscious attitude of the child to health and life, the accumulation of knowledge about health and the development of skills to protect it.

Health-saving educational technologies are the most significant among all known technologies in terms of the degree of impact on children's health. Their main feature is the use of psychological and pedagogical techniques, methods, approaches to solving emerging problems.

Educational activity involves conducting classes and conversations with preschoolers about the need to observe the daily routine, the importance of hygiene and motor culture, health and means of strengthening it, the functioning of the body and the rules for caring for it, children acquire cultural skills and a healthy lifestyle, knowledge of the rules of safe behavior and reasonable actions in unforeseen situations.

Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.

Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution

In a pre-school institution, several forms of physical education of children are provided daily in all age groups, which contributes to the strengthening of health and allows for the necessary physical activity of children throughout the day.

Particular attention in the daily routine is given to holding hardening procedures , promoting health and reducing disease. Tempering activities, as an important part of physical culture, contribute to the creation of mandatory conditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. The hardening system we use provides for a variety of forms and methods, as well as changes due to the seasons, age and individual characteristics of the health status of children.

When working with children, the basic principles of hardening must be observed:

Implementation of hardening provided that the child is healthy;

The inadmissibility of hardening procedures if the child has negative emotional reactions (fear, crying, anxiety);

Careful consideration of the individual characteristics of the child, his age, the possibility of increased sensitivity to hardening measures;

The intensity of hardening procedures increases gradually and consistently, with the expansion of the zones of influence and the increase in the time of hardening;

The systematic and constancy of hardening (and not from case to case.

For the greatest efficiency of hardening, we provide:

Clear organization of thermal and air regime indoors ("temperature" hygiene);

Rational, non-overheating clothing for children;

Compliance with the regime of walks in all seasons;

Sleep with open transoms;

Hygiene procedures (washing and dousing hands up to the elbow with cool water, rinsing the mouth boiled water room temperature);

Walking barefoot in a group and in the summer for a walk, barefoot doing morning exercises and physical education. The main meaning of walking barefoot is to harden the skin of the feet to the influence of low temperatures, which is carried out mainly by the action of low temperatures of the floor and earth. It is this action that is decisive, if not the only one, in hardening, since there is no convincing evidence in the scientific literature regarding the influence of other components.

The method of contrast air hardening, which is carried out at the end of daytime sleep alternately in cold and warm rooms. Air temperature in warm room it is maintained with the help of heaters, in the cold it decreases due to intensive ventilation, in summer up to drafts.

One of the most effective hardening procedures in everyday life is stroll. In order for the walk to have an effect, we change the sequence of activities for children, depending on the nature of the previous lesson and weather conditions. So, in the cold season and after the lesson in which the children were sitting, the walk begins with a run, an outdoor game; in warm time year or after physical education and music classes - from observation, calm games.

A walk is one of the most important regime moments during which children can sufficiently realize their motor needs. The best form for this is outdoor games and exercise on the street.

mobile game occupies a special place in the development of the preschool child. It helps to consolidate and improve motor skills and abilities, provides an opportunity to develop cognitive interest, forms the ability to navigate in the surrounding reality, which is so important for a child to gain life experience.

A variety of game activities develop dexterity, speed, coordination of movements and have a positive effect on the emotional state of children.

The need for movements in preschool children is great, but a fragile organism is extremely sensitive not only to a lack, but also to an excess of movements. That is why, when choosing outdoor games and game exercises, we try to observe the optimal mode of motor activity, regulate the permissible load, changing the game situation, increasing or decreasing the number of repetitions.

In addition to outdoor games, in our kindergarten we widely use a variety of exercises in the main types of movements:

Running and walking

Throwing, throwing and catching the ball

Obstacle Course Exercises

Physical exercises carried out in the fresh air contribute to the functional improvement of the child's body, increase its efficiency, development of protective forces in relation to adverse environmental factors. For every two weeks there are 3-4 sets of physical exercises in the air:

For good weather (according to the season);

In case of wet weather;

For gusty winds.

Undoubtedly, of particular importance in the upbringing healthy child in our preschool institution, the development of movements and physical culture is given to physical education classes . Moreover, in each age period, physical education classes have a different focus:

They give pleasure to small children, teach them to navigate in space, to use elementary insurance techniques;

In middle age, they develop physical qualities, first of all, endurance and strength;

In older groups, they form the need for movement, develop motor abilities and independence.

That is why in our kindergarten we use a variety of options for conducting physical education classes:

Classes according to the traditional scheme;

Classes consisting of a set of outdoor games of high, medium and low intensity;

Classes-competitions, where children in the course of various relay races of two teams identify the winners;

Classes of the "Health" series, which can also be included in the schedule of classes as a cognitive development. In the course of such classes, children are given ideas about the structure of their own body, the purpose of organs, what is good and bad for the human body, as well as elementary skills in self-care and first aid. These classes are of great importance in educating the child's need for a healthy lifestyle.

Great wellness and educational value for our children has swimming , which is one of the important types of cyclic loads, which has a powerful health-improving general developmental effect. Swimming differs from all other sports exercises in its unlimited age range of application and has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems: it improves thermoregulation, gas exchange, sleep, and increases efficiency. Swimming is also effective tool prevention and even treatment of violations of posture and stoop. During swimming, the child's spine straightens, the muscles of the arms and legs perform rhythmic movements that affect the flexibility of the spine.

Conducting classes in the pool, we take into account the age and individual characteristics of children, ensure compliance with the rules of instructions for ensuring the safety of children on the water, systematic medical and pedagogical control over the implementation of the regime and the organization of swimming classes, planning and methods of conducting.

One of the most important components of strengthening and improving the child's body, as well as the organization of the child's motor regime, aimed at raising the emotional and muscle tone of children, is morning exercises .

Daily exercise under the guidance of an adult contributes to the manifestation of certain volitional efforts, develops in children a useful habit to start the day with morning exercises. Morning gymnastics gradually involves the entire body of the child in an active state, strengthens breathing, increases blood circulation, promotes metabolism, causes a need for oxygen, and helps develop correct posture. To prevent the occurrence of flat feet, exercises are offered to strengthen the arch of the foot - lifting on toes, on heels.

The music that accompanies the movements creates a cheerful mood, has a positive effect on the nervous system of the child.

Morning exercises are carried out daily before breakfast, for 10–12 minutes outdoors or indoors (depending on weather conditions). During the entire morning gymnastics held indoors, the windows remain open, the children are engaged in physical education and barefoot.

In between classes, especially in the older groups of the kindergarten, motor workout. Her goal is prevent the development of fatigue in children, relieve emotional stress in the process of training with mental stress, which contributes to a faster perception of program material. Motor warm-up allows you to actively relax after mental stress and forced static posture, helps to increase the motor activity of children. Game exercises used in the warm-up are well known to children, simple in content, with a small number of rules, not long in time (no more than 10-12 minutes), accessible to children with different levels of physical activity.

In order to prevent fatigue in classes associated with prolonged sitting in a monotonous position, requiring focused attention and maintaining the mental performance of children on good level, are held in kindergarten physical education minutes .

Physical education minutes increase the general tone, motor skills, contribute to the training of the mobility of nervous processes, develop attention and memory, create a positive emotional mood and relieve psycho-emotional stress.

Physical education minutes are held by the educator as necessary during classes for the development of speech, the formation of elementary mathematical representations etc. The duration is 3-5 minutes.

Physical education sessions are held in numerous forms: in the form of exercises of a general developmental impact (movements of the head, arms, torso, legs), outdoor games, didactic game with different movements, dance moves and game exercises. A physical minute may be accompanied by a text related or not related to the content of the lesson.

Along with various recreational activities in a preschool institution, gymnastics after a daytime sleep, which helps to improve the mood of children, raise muscle tone, and also helps prevent postural and foot disorders. Gymnastics is carried out with open windows for 7-15 minutes. Used throughout the year various options gymnastics.

Warm up in bed. Children gradually wake up to the sounds of pleasant music and, lying in bed on their backs over a blanket, perform 5-6 exercises of a general developmental impact. Exercises are performed from different positions: lying on your side, on your stomach, sitting. After completing the exercises, the children get up and perform in different pace several movements (walking in place, walking on massage mats, gradually turning into a run). Then everyone moves from the bedroom to a well-ventilated group room and performs arbitrary dance, musical-rhythmic or other movements to the music.

Gymnastics of a game character. Consists of 3-6 simulation exercises. Children imitate the movements of birds, animals, plants, create various images (“skier”, “skater”, “parsley”, “flower”).

Jogging along the massage paths. They are combined with contrast air baths and are carried out 2 times a week for 5-7 minutes. The massage track consists of aids and items that promote foot massage. Children work out barefoot, walk at a fast pace along the path and smoothly switch to running (1-1.5 min.) And again switch to calm walking with breathing exercises. This contributes to the development of endurance, coordination of movements, the formation of the foot and the strengthening of the body of children.

Breathing exercises . The health of a person, his physical and mental activity largely depends on proper breathing. Breathing exercises increase ventilation, lymph and blood circulation in the lungs, reduce spasm of the bronchi and bronchioles, improve their patency, promote sputum production, train the ability to voluntarily control breathing, form the correct biomechanics of breathing, and prevent diseases and complications of the respiratory system.

In preschool children, the respiratory muscles are still weak, so it is necessary special system exercises in natural rhythmic breathing, as well as in the correct use of inhalation and exhalation during simple and more complex movements, and the rhythm of breathing and movement form one rhythmic whole. Gymnastic exercises that form proper breathing include exercises for setting up proper breathing through the nose, developing the muscles of the chest to increase its elasticity, and actively stretching the spine. All exercises are carried out in their own respiratory rhythm, slowly, following the inhalation and exhalation and a compensatory pause after exhalation.

The method of using breathing exercises:

Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth into closed lips, combine breathing exercises with general developmental exercises, form a mixed type of breathing.

Acupressure - an elementary method of self-help to your body. Acupressure exercises teach children to consciously take care of their health, instill in them the confidence that they themselves can help themselves improve their well-being. Along with the acupressure is the prevention of colds.

During the finger massage, irritation of the receptors of the skin, muscles, tendons, fingers occurs, the impulses from which pass simultaneously to the brain and spinal cord, and from there the command is already received to engage in the work of various organs and structures. Massage increases the protective properties of the membranes of the nasopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and other organs. Under the influence of massage, the body begins to produce its own drugs (for example, interferon), which are often much more effective and safer than pills.

Our kindergarten operates phytobar where pupils receive oxygen cocktail. An oxygen cocktail is a juice, herbal solution or any other drink saturated with oxygen to the state of a gentle airy foam. An oxygen cocktail is very useful product. It helps to concentrate and improves memory, improves eyesight. It is a natural way to get rid of headaches, increases stamina, is a non-pharmacological way to reduce weight, calms and stabilizes the nervous system, serves as a guarantee of a good mood.

It is used to eliminate hypoxia, increase efficiency, eliminate chronic fatigue, normalize sleep, and increase immunity.

To increase the body's resistance colds in our garden, children are recommended to irrigate the throat with decoctions of calendula, eucalyptus, sage, chamomile, St. John's wort, plantain, coltsfoot, oak bark. Children throughout the year receive vitamin teas, herbal infusions of chamomile, nettle, St. John's wort, mint, plantain. Children constantly rinse their mouths with decoctions of sage, eucalyptus, and calendula herbs. With great pleasure, our pupils participate in the tasting of herbal teas:

Soothing tea (mint, motherwort);

Anti-inflammatory tea (St. John's wort, chamomile, plantain);

Vitamin tea (currant, nettle, rosehip);

Metabolism-regulating tea (rosehip, strawberry).

It has been proven that various aromas in a certain way affect the development of the child, his health and mood (B.V. Shevrygin). Even a baby is able to distinguish smells. Different smells affect children in different ways: pleasant aromas can act as good medicines, can induce appetite, normalize activities. nervous system, improve vision at dusk and color perception; and vice versa, unpleasant odors can depress and annoy the child.

Our preschool uses aromatherapy. Practical use aromatherapy and aromaprophylaxis pursues the following goals:

Prevention and reduction of the incidence of acute respiratory and viral infections;

Correction of the psychophysiological state, increased mental and physical performance, improved coordination of movements and functions of analyzers, expanded short-term memory, increased resistance to stress, improved sleep;

Prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia, functional disorders of activity of cardio-vascular system;

Stimulation of the general immunological reactivity of the body in order to increase resistance to infectious diseases, expanding adaptive capabilities;

Complex expansion rehabilitation measures in patients with chronic and nonspecific lung diseases.

The use of aromatherapy in kindergarten takes place according to the "Individual route of the child" in order to avoid various allergic diseases, taking into account the principle "Unsure - do not prescribe."

Improving work in our garden is also intensively carried out in the summer and is a set of measures aimed at restoring the functional state of the child's body.

The central place in this complex is occupied by the regime of the day, which provides for the maximum stay of children in the open air, the duration of sleep and other types of recreation appropriate for their age. All activities associated with physical activity (outdoor games, work, classes physical education) are held during the hours of least insolation.

When carrying out summer recreational work in kindergarten, our team adheres to the following principles:

integrated use of preventive, hardening and health-improving technologies;

continuous implementation of preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

predominant use non-pharmacological means recovery;

use of simple and accessible technologies;

formation of positive motivation in children to carry out preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

integration of the hardening prevention program into the family;

increasing the efficiency of the system of preventive, hardening and recreational activities through compliance with the preschool educational institution sanitary norms and rules, optimal motor mode and physical activity, sanitary condition of the institution, catering, air-thermal regime and the use of various forms of recreational work.

preschool and family

Family and kindergarten is the microclimate in which a preschool child lives. This is the environment in which he draws the necessary information and adapts to life in society. At any time, teachers worked with the family of their pupil, seeking support and understanding of the child's problems for the comprehensive development of a harmoniously developed and healthy personality. However, parents, not having sufficient knowledge of the age and individual characteristics of the child's development, sometimes carry out education blindly, intuitively. All this, as a rule, does not bring positive results. Family and kindergarten are two public institutions that stand at the origins of our future, but often they do not always have enough mutual understanding, tact, patience to hear and understand each other. To form a position of cooperation between teachers and children and their parents, it is necessary to create a single space for the development of the child, which should be supported by both the kindergarten and the family.

In order to build effective communication between teachers and parents, it is important to have communication skills, navigate the problems of upbringing and the needs of the family, and be aware of the latest scientific achievements.
Communication will be successful if it is meaningful, based on common and significant topics for both parties, if each of them enriches its information baggage in the process of communication. An important condition .....is the creation of models "educator - parent", educator - psychologist - parent". A special form of communication in these models is trust-business contact.

At the stage of initial acquaintance, parents get acquainted with the principles of work of the preschool educational institution and the family: openness, cooperation, creation of an active developing environment, the principle of an individual approach to each family.

Knowing how important the atmosphere of friendly relations between the teacher and parents is, we hold the first parent meeting “Let's Get Acquainted” in an unconventional form. It should be prepared very carefully, because their further cooperation depends on the initial perception of the teacher and the family.
In the process of organizing a single health-saving space for preschool educational institutions and families, we use a variety of forms of work: open classes with children for parents; pedagogical conversations with parents - general and group parent meetings; consultations; classes with the participation of parents; exhibitions of children's works made together with their parents; days open doors; participation of parents in the preparation and holding of holidays, leisure activities; joint creation of a subject-developing environment; work with the parent committee of the group; trainings;
parent living rooms; Confidence mail, questioning. Colorful visual stands in the reception rooms introduce parents to the life of the group, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the age characteristics of children. In the corners of specialists, information of a practical orientation is placed, Interesting Facts, recommendations are given by a speech therapist teacher, psychologist teacher, head of the art studio, sports and music workers.

As a result, the level of upbringing and educational activities of parents increased, which contributed to the development of their creative initiative. The organization of interaction with the family is a difficult job, which does not have ready-made technologies and recipes. Its success is determined by the intuition, initiative and patience of the teacher, his ability to become a professional assistant in the family.
As a result of the work done, the use of various forms and methods of communication with parents, the psychological and pedagogical literacy of parents has increased; the culture of interpersonal interaction of children in the group has increased. Thus, working closely with parents has brought encouraging results.
The conditions of life, the moral and emotional atmosphere in which a child lives, depends entirely on adults, and they, undoubtedly, are responsible for the happiness and health of children.

Cooperation between kindergarten and family: caring for the health of a preschooler

The socio-economic transformations that took place in our country at the end of the 20th - beginning of the 21st century led to a change in the usual way of life and moral and value orientations and could not but affect the upbringing of children in the family.

Children's health depends not only on physical characteristics, but also on the level of health development, health literacy and the environmental situation in the country. The health of the child should be evaluated in unity with environment and adaptive capacity of the body. Therefore, work on the full physical development and strengthening of the health of children, no doubt, should be carried out by the family and the preschool institution.

The first school of education is the family. Parents are the first teachers of their child. In the conditions of the family, emotional and moral experience is formed, the level of content of the emotional and social development child It has been proven that the state of health of parents is one of the leading factors that have a direct impact on the health of the child. This influence is not only purely biological (hereditary), but also manifests itself indirectly through a system of conditions that characterize the way of life of the mother and father, their attitude towards health, and the degree of medical activity.

The preventive activity of people, determined by the awareness of health as a value and the presence of targeted actions to maintain and strengthen it, is now becoming an important factor affecting the health of the population, primarily children. The need to find a job, work overload, reduced free time for parents lead to a deterioration in their physical and mental condition, increased irritability, fatigue, and stress. Parents habitually splash out their emotions on their children, while both external problems and domestic troubles are blamed on them. The child finds himself in a situation of complete dependence on the mood, emotions and reactions of his parents, which affects his mental health.

Therefore, it is so important to help parents understand that many factors influence the development of a child's personality, and education should not go spontaneously.

To date, the problem of interaction between the preschool educational institution and the family on children's health is one of the most urgent. The family needs support and guidance.

Numerous studies have established the negative impact on the health of the child of early artificial feeding, irrational daily routine, irregular and insufficient exposure to fresh air, low physical activity and bad habits of parents. Elementary adherence to the principles of a healthy lifestyle can neutralize all these negative effects, and, therefore, measures aimed at increasing the medical activity of parents are a task of paramount importance.

The greatest effect of health-improving measures is noted in cases where parents not only strictly follow the doctor's recommendations, but also become supporters of a healthy lifestyle. Only the active position of family members, their cooperation with the preschool institution can achieve the desired results.

Target the work of the kindergarten in this direction is to assist the family in creating conditions for raising preschool children, protecting and strengthening their health. It implies the following tasks:

increase the resistance and protective properties of the child's body through the provision of a healthy lifestyle, optimal motor mode, psychological safety of the individual, the introduction of health-saving technologies;

create optimal conditions to ensure the protection and strengthening of the physical and mental health of children;

carry out the necessary correction of deviations in the development of the child;

to expand cooperation with the family in the formation of the spiritual and moral image of the younger generation, the study and activation of the pedagogical potential of the family;

carry out prevention of antisocial behavior by means of physical culture and sports.

For successful work with parents, we annually conduct a study of the families of pupils, using such methods as questionnaires, conversations with parents and children, observation of children, testing, home visits, etc.

For the conscious participation of parents and teachers of preschool educational institutions in the improvement of the child, special knowledge is needed. The causes of frequent diseases in children, disease prevention, caring for a sick child, first aid and prevention of complications - we consider all these issues at parent meetings, round tables. Medical workers of the kindergarten and children's polyclinic (pediatricians, narrow specialists) are invited to such events. In addition, parents get acquainted with the results of diagnosing the state of health of children, their psychomotor development, the content of physical culture and health work in kindergarten, share their positive experience in family education, talk about family traditions that help improve family health. The concept of "family traditions" includes the concept of "way of life". Many diseases and problems are rooted in it. For example, an acute problem of our time is alcoholism and drug addiction.

Along with collective forms of organization, we widely use individual and subgroup conversations, oral journals. Parents are trained in health-improving work in a family setting by specialists from the preschool educational institution: a head nurse, a nurse in a physiotherapy room, a physical education instructor, and a teacher-psychologist. are given practical advice recommended medical and pedagogical literature.

One of the effective methods in this direction is the use of visual agitation. Each group has a health corner, where information for parents about the treatment and preventive measures carried out in a preschool institution will interfere. There are so-called "health piggy banks" in which material is collected on non-traditional methods of healing, material that promotes a healthy lifestyle. This information is collected not only by doctors and teachers, but also by the parents themselves.

Disease prevention methods are also documented as sanitary bulletins. The medical staff of the kindergarten made up a whole file of them.

Consultations, lectures, seminars are held, workshops. The topics are very diverse: “If a child is afraid of the dentist”, “Alcohol and offspring”, “Prophylactic vaccinations - protection against infectious diseases”, “Seriously about health”, “Prevention of child injuries”, “We form the need for a healthy lifestyle”, etc.

Open days are regularly organized for parents. In our opinion, this is an effective form of involving family members in the pedagogical process. During the day, fathers, mothers, grandparents have the opportunity to attend morning exercises, physical education classes, walks, tempering procedures and other regime moments. Visitors leave their impressions in the book of reviews and suggestions. Then we analyze all the activities, draw conclusions, sum up. As a rule, parents are very happy. But sometimes they have questions, every statement is important to us. After all, if they didn’t understand something, didn’t perceive it in the right way, it is necessary to take note of this and explain it.

Parents are invited to health days and weeks, which have become traditional in our kindergarten. Moms and dads not only watch, but also become active participants in entertainment, various games, sports holidays: “Together with mom we will overcome all obstacles”, “Dads can do everything in the world”, “Dad, mom, I am a sports family”, “ Interplanetary Olympic Family Games", " friendly family».

Educators, together with their parents, draw up wall newspapers and exhibitions of drawings on the topics: “The sun, air and water are our best friends”, “A healthy mind in a healthy body”, “In the country of health”, “Active rest of our family”, etc. Parents accept participation in the essay contest “Our family is for a healthy lifestyle”, in which they talk about how they relax, celebrate holidays, weekends, what games they play with children, what sports events they attend, what parent-child relationships are present in the family. Then we make exhibitions of these compositions, because each family shows creativity in the design of their works, they attach codes of family health to them. In addition, kindergarten employees arrange thematic exhibitions: “How to raise a healthy child”, “So that there is no “Tempering with early age» and others. Moms and dads are happy to get acquainted with the exhibits and share their impressions. Of course, not all families are active, but many are able to borrow, some parents are reconsidering their views on the nutrition of children.

The results of the diagnostics show that educational, educational and health-improving work organized in this way has a positive effect on the development of children.

We believe that the criteria for interaction between kindergartens on health issues are: a value attitude towards a friend, tolerance, awareness of the parties about the features of the development of health care systems in kindergarten and family, inclusion in joint activities with predictable results.

The staff of our institution is mobilized to implement activities that help achieve certain goals in reducing the incidence. Extensive preventive work with children, parents, employees, of course, has certain positive results.

Outlook:

search and implementation of new models of interaction with the families of pupils on the formation of a healthy lifestyle;

active involvement of parents in the pedagogical activities of the kindergarten in order to strengthen the sense of their personal responsibility for the development of the child, his health;

strengthening and development of close communication and interaction with various social institutions for the introduction of cultural and recreational technologies;

development of the material and technical base of preschool educational institutions.

The transition to a new quality of interaction with the family is possible if the efforts of each participant in the educational process are aimed at preserving and strengthening the physical, mental, social health of children, and at achieving the goals set.

In this way:

One of the aspects of strengthening the health of participants in the pedagogical process of preschool educational institutions is the creation of a health-saving environment. The development of the conceptual directions of a health-saving environment is based on the following tasks:

formation of children's health on the basis of complex and systematic use of physical education means available for a particular preschool institution, optimization of motor activity in the fresh air;

the use in the educational activities of the preschool educational institution of the spiritual, moral and cultural potential of the city, the microdistrict, the immediate environment, the upbringing of children on the traditions of Russian culture;

constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential;

ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

The means to solve these problems can be:

direct training of children in elementary methods of a healthy lifestyle (health, finger, corrective, breathing exercises, self-massage) and the simplest skills in providing first aid for cuts, abrasions, burns, bites; as well as instilling elementary cultural and hygienic skills in children;

rehabilitation measures (herbal medicine, vitamin therapy, aromatherapy, inhalation, functional music, physiotherapy exercises, massage, psycho-gymnastics, trainings);

specially organized motor activity of the child (physical education minutes, recreational physical education, outdoor games, sports and recreational holidays, thematic health holidays, going out into nature, excursions).

Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.

Bibliography

Makhaneva M.D. Raising a healthy child// Handbook for practitioners of preschool institutions. – M.: ARKTI, 1999.

Penzulaeva L.I. Recreational gymnastics for preschool children (3-7 years old). – M.: VLADOS, 2002.

Utrobina K.K. Entertaining physical education in kindergarten for children 5-7 years old. - M., 2006.

Health complex in kindergarten: swimming pool - phytobar - sauna / Methodological manual // Ed. B.B. Egorova. - M., 2004.

Runova M.A. Motor activity of the child in kindergarten. - M .: Mosaic - Synthesis, 2002.

Karalashvili E.A. Physical culture minute / Dynamic exercises for children 6-10 years old. - M., 2002.

Akhutina T.V. Health-saving learning technologies: an individually-oriented approach // School of Health. 2000. V. 7. No. 2. P.21 - 28.

Akhutina T.V. Health-saving learning technologies: an individually-oriented approach // School of Health. 2000. Vol. 7. N2.

Evdakimova E.S. Design as a health-saving technology in the preschool educational institution // Management of the preschool educational institution. 2004. N1.

Makhaneva M.D. The work of the preschool educational institution with the family to raise a healthy child. DOE management. 2005. No. 5.

Nazarenko L.D. Health basics of physical exercises. - M., 2002.

Pankratova I.V. Raising a healthy generation // Management of preschool educational institutions. 2004. N1.

Sukharev A.G. The concept of strengthening the health of children and adolescents in Russia // School of Health. 2000. Vol. 7. N2. P.29 - 34. Fomina N.A.

Chebotareva O.V. Theoretical seminar "The use of health-saving technologies in the work of a teacher". Website Festival pedagogical ideas « Public lesson».

Formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle // Management of preschool educational institutions. 2006. N 4.

Shumikhina Yu.V. Club "Healthy Family" // Educator of the preschool educational institution. 2009. N3.

Voloshina L. Organization of health-saving space//Preschool education.-2004.-N1.-S.114-117.

Ternovskaya S.A., Teplyakova L.A. Creating a health-saving educational environment in a preschool educational institution// Methodist.-2005.-N4.-S.61-65.

New health-saving technologies in the education and upbringing of children. S. Chubarova, G. Kozlovskaya, V. Eremeeva // Development of personality.-N2.-S.171-187.

"Improvement of children in the conditions of kindergarten". Edited by L. V. Kochetkova. Moscow. Publishing house "TC - Sphere" 2005

"The system of measures for the improvement of children in preschool educational institutions." The author is the compiler M. N. Kuznetsova. Moscow. Iris Press Publishing House 2007

"Educating the basics of a healthy lifestyle in toddlers." The authors are compilers N. S. Golitsyna, I. M. Shumova. Moscow. Publishing house "Scriptorium 2003" 2008

Evdokimova E.S., Dodokina N.V., Kudryavtseva E.A. Kindergarten and family. M., 2007.

Kozlova A.V., Desheulina R.P. The work of the preschool educational institution with the family. M., 2007.

Improving work in preschool educational institutions / Ed. IN AND. Orla, S.N. Agadzhanova. SPb., 2008.

Formation of the foundations of a healthy lifestyle in preschool children / Comp. Z.M. Zaripova, I.M. Khamitov. N. Chelny, 2003.

Shorygina T.A. Health Conversations. M., 2012.

JOURNAL "PRESCHOOL EDUCATION".

D / V No. 1 - 95, p. 66 article "Exercise for the eyes."

D / V No. 10 - 94, p. 77 article "Dental diseases".

D / V No. 12 - 91, p. 21 article “On health - seriously” (QUESTIONNAIRE)

"The path to health and vitality."

D / V No. 5 - 96 p. 88 article “On child nutrition and prevention

colds."

D / V No. 7 - 05, p. 113 article “How to conduct summer rest».

D / V No. 3.4 - 92 p. 16 article "Health Days".

D / V No. 7 - 95 p. 70 article "We are healthy."

Introduction…………………………………………………………………...2

1. Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives…….…4

2. Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions .... 6

3. Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution……..11

Conclusion……………………………………………………………..….22

References……………………………………………………..…23

“I’m not afraid to repeat again and again:

health care is the most important

the work of an educator. from cheerfulness,

the vigor of children depends on their spiritual life,

outlook, mental development,

strength of knowledge, faith in one's own strength.

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

Introduction

Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation of health and the development of physical qualities is laid and strengthened, which are necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms of physical activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler.

An analysis of the health status of preschool children shows that over the past decade the number of absolutely healthy children has decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases has increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of often and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - postural disorders, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly fond of the intellectual development of their children (computer games, attending various circles).

1. Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives

Before we start talking about health-saving technologies, let's define the concept of "technology". Technology is a tool of a teacher's professional activity, respectively, characterized by a qualitative adjective - pedagogical. The essence of pedagogical technology lies in the fact that it has a pronounced phasing (step by step), includes a set of specific professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activity even in the design process. Pedagogical technology is distinguished by: specificity and clarity of goals and objectives, the presence of stages: primary diagnosis; selection of content, forms, methods and techniques of its implementation; using a set of means in a certain logic with the organization of intermediate diagnostics to achieve the designated goal; final diagnosis of achieving the goal, criteria-based assessment of the results. (This definition is proposed by Derkunskaya V.A. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences)

What is health-saving technologies?

In our preschool educational institution, a “health saving technology” has been developed, the tasks of which are:

1. Preservation and strengthening of children's health based on the integrated and systematic use of physical education tools available for kindergarten, optimization of outdoor motor activity.

2. Ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

3. Constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential.

2. Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions

Health-saving activities in our kindergarten are carried out in the following forms:

Medical and preventive technologies

The objectives of this activity:

Organization of monitoring of children's health and development of recommendations for optimizing children's health;

Organization and control of children's nutrition, physical development, hardening;

Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards - San PiNov

Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.

Physical culture and health technology

Physical culture and health-improving activities are aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the child's health.

The objectives of this activity:

Development of physical qualities;

Control of physical activity and formation of physical culture of preschoolers,

Formation of correct posture, prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system;

Cultivate the habit of daily physical activity;

Preview:

Message to the teachers' council

on the topic:

"Health-saving technologies in the educational process of preschool educational institutions and the family"

Educator:

Inkova O.V.

Communication plan

Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives.
Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions.
Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution.
DOW and family.
Cooperation between kindergarten and family: caring for the health of a preschooler.

“I’m not afraid to repeat again and again:

Health care is the most important

The work of an educator. from cheerfulness,

The vivacity of children depends on their spiritual life,

outlook, mental development,

The strength of knowledge, faith in one's own strength.

V.A. Sukhomlinsky

Preschool age is reasonably considered the most important period in the process of forming a person's personality. At this age, various abilities develop more intensively, moral qualities are formed, character traits are developed. It is in this age period that the foundation of health and the development of physical qualities is laid and strengthened, which are necessary for the effective participation of the child in various forms of physical activity, which, in turn, creates conditions for the active and directed formation and development of mental functions and intellectual abilities of a preschooler.

An analysis of the health status of preschool children shows that over the past decade the number of absolutely healthy children has decreased from 23 to 15% and the number of children with chronic diseases has increased from 16 to 17.3%. On average, in Russia, each preschooler has at least two diseases per year. Approximately 20-27% of children belong to the category of often and long-term ill. Almost 90% of preschool children have standard deviations in the structure of the musculoskeletal system - postural disorders, flat feet, unbalanced muscle tone, weakness of the abdominal muscles, non-optimal ratio of static and dynamic movements. Neurotic manifestations are observed in 20-30% of children of senior preschool age. According to forecasts, 85% of these children are potential patients with cardiovascular diseases. About 50% of children need psychocorrection and are characterized by serious psychological distress. The vast majority of children, starting from preschool age, suffer from a lack of movement and reduced immunity. Their muscle load decreases due to objective reasons: children practically do not have the opportunity to play outdoor games while walking, and some parents are overly fond of the intellectual development of their children (computer games, attending various circles).

Health-saving technologies: concept, purpose and objectives

Before we start talking about health-saving technologies, let's define the concept of "technology". Technology is a tool of a teacher's professional activity, respectively, characterized by a qualitative adjective - pedagogical. The essence of pedagogical technology lies in the fact that it has a pronounced phasing (step by step), includes a set of specific professional actions at each stage, allowing the teacher to foresee the intermediate and final results of his own professional and pedagogical activity even in the design process. Pedagogical technology is distinguished by: specificity and clarity of goals and objectives, the presence of stages: primary diagnosis; selection of content, forms, methods and techniques of its implementation; using a set of means in a certain logic with the organization of intermediate diagnostics to achieve the designated goal; final diagnosis of achieving the goal, criteria-based assessment of the results. (This definition is proposed by Derkunskaya V.A. - Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences)

What is health-saving technologies?

In the preschool educational institution, a “health saving technology” can be developed, the tasks of which are:

1. Preservation and strengthening of children's health based on the integrated and systematic use of physical education tools available for kindergarten, optimization of outdoor motor activity.

2. Ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

3. Constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential.

Types of health-saving technologies used in preschool educational institutions

Health-saving activities in our kindergarten are carried out in the following forms:

Medical and preventive technologies

The objectives of this activity:

Organization of monitoring of children's health and development of recommendations for optimizing children's health;

Organization and control of children's nutrition, physical development, hardening;

Organization of control and assistance in ensuring the requirements of sanitary and epidemiological standards - San PiNov

Organization of a health-saving environment in a preschool educational institution.

Physical culture and health technology

Physical culture and health-improving activities are aimed at the physical development and strengthening of the child's health.

The objectives of this activity:

Development of physical qualities;

Control of physical activity and formation of physical culture of preschoolers,

Formation of correct posture, prevention of disorders of the musculoskeletal system;

Cultivate the habit of daily physical activity;

Technologies for ensuring the socio-psychological well-being of the child;

Technologies of health saving and health enrichment of teachers

The whole way of life of the child in kindergarten, the caring and attentive attitude of adults to him, the high sense of responsibility of the whole team for each pupil influence the improvement of the health of children, their favorable physical development. Therefore, much attention in our preschool educational institution is paid to the selection and placement of personnel into groups, taking into account their business qualities, experience and psychological compatibility. Keeping in mind that the results of physical development depend primarily on the professional training of teachers, their pedagogical knowledge, a system of comprehensive methodological work to improve skills has been thought out.

Technologies of valeological education of parents.

In order to cooperate with parents on the formation of a healthy lifestyle in children, we have developed a system of activities, which include:

parent meeting,

Consultations,

conferences,

contests,

sports holidays,

health holidays,

family club

slide folders,

conversations,

teacher's personal example

non-traditional forms of work with parents,

practical demonstrations (workshops)

Health-saving educational technologies.

Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.

Forms of recreational work in a preschool institution

Particular attention in the daily routine is given to holdinghardening procedures, promoting health and reducing disease. Tempering activities, as an important part of physical culture, contribute to the creation of mandatory conditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. The hardening system we use provides for a variety of forms and methods, as well as changes due to the seasons, age and individual characteristics of the health status of children.

When working with children, the basic principles of hardening must be observed:

Implementation of hardening provided that the child is healthy;

The inadmissibility of hardening procedures if the child has negative emotional reactions (fear, crying, anxiety);

Careful consideration of the individual characteristics of the child, his age, the possibility of increased sensitivity to hardening measures;

The intensity of hardening procedures increases gradually and consistently, with the expansion of the zones of influence and the increase in the time of hardening;

The systematic and constancy of hardening (and not from case to case.

For the greatest efficiency of hardening, we provide:

A clear organization of the thermal and air conditions in the room (“thermal” hygiene);

Rational, non-overheating clothing for children;

Compliance with the regime of walks in all seasons;

Sleep with open transoms;

Hygiene procedures (washing and dousing hands up to the elbow with cool water, rinsing the mouth with boiled water at room temperature);

The method of contrast air hardening, which is carried out at the end of daytime sleep alternately in cold and warm rooms. The air temperature in a warm room is maintained with the help of heaters, in a cold room it is lowered due to intensive ventilation, in summer up to drafts.

One of the most effective hardening procedures in everyday life is stroll. In order for the walk to have an effect, we change the sequence of activities for children, depending on the nature of the previous lesson and weather conditions. So, in the cold season and after the lesson in which the children were sitting, the walk begins with a run, an outdoor game; in the warm season or after physical education and music classes - from observation, calm games.

A walk is one of the most important regime moments during which children can sufficiently realize their motor needs. The best form for this isoutdoor games and exercise on the street.

mobile game occupies a special place in the development of the preschool child. It helps to consolidate and improve motor skills and abilities, provides an opportunity to develop cognitive interest, forms the ability to navigate in the surrounding reality, which is so important for a child to gain life experience.

A variety of game activities develop dexterity, speed, coordination of movements and have a positive effect on the emotional state of children.

In addition to outdoor games, in our kindergarten we widely use a variety of exercises in the main types of movements:

Running and walking

jumping

Throwing, throwing and catching the ball

Obstacle Course Exercises

For good weather (according to the season);

In case of wet weather;

For gusty winds.

Of course, in raising a healthy child in our preschool institution, special importance is attached to the development of movements and physical culture onphysical education classes. Moreover, in each age period, physical education classes have a different focus:

They give pleasure to small children, teach them to navigate in space, to use elementary insurance techniques;

In middle age, they develop physical qualities, first of all, endurance and strength;

In older groups, they form the need for movement, develop motor abilities and independence.

That is why in our kindergarten we use a variety of options for conducting physical education classes:

Classes according to the traditional scheme;

Classes consisting of a set of outdoor games of high, medium and low intensity;

Classes-competitions, where children in the course of various relay races of two teams identify the winners;

Great health and educational value for our children is swimming, which is one of the important types of cyclic loads, which has a powerful health-improving general developmental effect. Swimming differs from all other sports exercises in its unlimited age range of application and has a beneficial effect on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems: it improves thermoregulation, gas exchange, sleep, and increases efficiency. Swimming is also an effective means of preventing and even treating posture and stoop disorders. During swimming, the child's spine straightens, the muscles of the arms and legs perform rhythmic movements that affect the flexibility of the spine.

The music that accompanies the movements creates a cheerful mood, has a positive effect on the nervous system of the child.

In between classes, especially in the older groups of the kindergarten,motor workout. Her goal is prevent the development of fatigue in children, relieve emotional stress in the process of training with mental stress, which contributes to a faster perception of program material. Motor warm-up allows you to actively relax after mental stress and forced static posture, helps to increase the motor activity of children. Game exercises used in the warm-up are well known to children, simple in content, with a small number of rules, not long in time (no more than 10-12 minutes), accessible to children with different levels of physical activity.

Physical education sessions are held by the educator as necessary during classes for the development of speech, the formation of elementary mathematical concepts, etc. The duration is 3-5 minutes.

Physical education sessions are held in numerous forms: in the form of general developmental exercises (movements of the head, arms, torso, legs), outdoor games, didactic games with different movements, dance movements and game exercises. A physical minute may be accompanied by a text related or not related to the content of the lesson.

Along with various recreational activities in a preschool institution,gymnastics after a daytime sleep,which helps to improve the mood of children, raise muscle tone, and also helps prevent postural and foot disorders. Gymnastics is carried out with open windows for 7-15 minutes. Throughout the year, various variations of gymnastics are used.

Warm up in bed. Children gradually wake up to the sounds of pleasant music and, lying in bed on their backs over a blanket, perform 5-6 exercises of a general developmental impact. Exercises are performed from different positions: lying on your side, on your stomach, sitting. After completing the exercises, the children get up and perform several movements at a different pace (walking in place, walking on massage mats, gradually turning into a run). Then everyone moves from the bedroom to a well-ventilated group room and performs arbitrary dance, musical-rhythmic or other movements to the music.

Gymnastics of a game character. Consists of 3-6 simulation exercises. Children imitate the movements of birds, animals, plants, create various images (“skier”, “skater”, “parsley”, “flower”).

Jogging along the massage paths. They are combined with contrast air baths and are carried out 2 times a week for 5-7 minutes. The massage track consists of aids and items that promote foot massage. Children work out barefoot, walk at a fast pace along the path and smoothly switch to running (1-1.5 min.) And again switch to calm walking with breathing exercises. This contributes to the development of endurance, coordination of movements, the formation of the foot and the strengthening of the body of children.

Breathing exercises. The health of a person, his physical and mental activity largely depends on proper breathing. Breathing exercises increase ventilation, lymph and blood circulation in the lungs, reduce spasm of the bronchi and bronchioles, improve their patency, promote sputum production, train the ability to voluntarily control breathing, form the correct biomechanics of breathing, and prevent diseases and complications of the respiratory system.

In preschool children, the respiratory muscles are still weak, so a special system of exercises is needed in natural rhythmic breathing, as well as in the correct use of inhalation and exhalation with simple and more complex movements, and the rhythm of breathing and movement form one rhythmic whole. Gymnastic exercises that form proper breathing include exercises for setting up proper breathing through the nose, developing the muscles of the chest to increase its elasticity, and actively stretching the spine. All exercises are carried out in their own respiratory rhythm, slowly, following the inhalation and exhalation and a compensatory pause after exhalation.

The method of using breathing exercises:

Inhale through the nose, exhale through the mouth into closed lips, combine breathing exercises with general developmental exercises, form a mixed type of breathing.

Acupressure - an elementary method of self-help to your body. Acupressure exercises teach children to consciously take care of their health, instill in them the confidence that they themselves can help themselves improve their well-being. Along with this, acupressure is the prevention of colds.

Our kindergarten operates phytobar where pupils receiveoxygen cocktail. An oxygen cocktail is a juice, herbal solution or any other drink saturated with oxygen to the state of a gentle airy foam. An oxygen cocktail is a very useful product. It helps to concentrate and improves memory, improves eyesight. It is a natural way to get rid of headaches, increases stamina, is a non-pharmacological way to reduce weight, calms and stabilizes the nervous system, serves as a guarantee of a good mood.

It is used to eliminate hypoxia, increase efficiency, eliminate chronic fatigue, normalize sleep, and increase immunity.

To increase the body's resistance to colds in our garden, children are recommended to irrigate the throat with decoctions of calendula, eucalyptus, sage, chamomile, St. John's wort, plantain, coltsfoot, oak bark. Children throughout the year receive vitamin teas, herbal infusions of chamomile, nettle, St. John's wort, mint, plantain. Children constantly rinse their mouths with decoctions of sage, eucalyptus, and calendula herbs. With great pleasure, our pupils participate in the tasting of herbal teas:

Soothing tea (mint, motherwort);

Anti-inflammatory tea (St. John's wort, chamomile, plantain);

Vitamin tea (currant, nettle, rosehip);

Metabolism-regulating tea (rosehip, strawberry).

It has been proven that various aromas in a certain way affect the development of the child, his health and mood (B.V. Shevrygin). Even a baby is able to distinguish smells. Different smells affect children in different ways: pleasant aromas can act as good medicines, can cause appetite, normalize the activity of the nervous system, improve vision at dusk and color perception; and, conversely, unpleasant odors can depress and irritate the child.

Our preschool uses aromatherapy. The practical application of aromatherapy and aromaprophylaxis pursues the following goals:

Prevention and reduction of the incidence of acute respiratory and viral infections;

Prevention of vegetative-vascular dystonia, functional disorders of the cardiovascular system;

Stimulation of the general immunological reactivity of the body in order to increase resistance to infectious diseases, expand adaptive capabilities;

Expansion of the complex of rehabilitation measures in patients with chronic and nonspecific lung diseases.

Improving work in our garden is also intensively carried out in the summer and is a set of measures aimed at restoring the functional state of the child's body.

The central place in this complex is occupied by the regime of the day, which provides for the maximum stay of children in the open air, the duration of sleep and other types of recreation appropriate for their age. All activities related to physical activity (outdoor games, work, physical education) are carried out during the hours of the least insolation.

When carrying out summer recreational work in kindergarten, our team adheres to the following principles:

integrated use of preventive, hardening and health-improving technologies;

continuous implementation of preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

predominant use of non-drug means of recovery;

use of simple and accessible technologies;

formation of positive motivation in children to carry out preventive, hardening and recreational activities;

integration of the hardening prevention program into the family;

increasing the efficiency of the system of preventive, hardening and recreational measures through compliance with sanitary norms and rules in the preschool educational institution, optimal motor mode and physical activity, sanitary condition of the institution, catering, air-thermal regime and the use of various forms of recreational work.

preschool and family

Knowing how important the atmosphere of friendly relations between the teacher and parents is, we hold the first parent meeting “Let's Get Acquainted” in an unconventional form. It should be prepared very carefully, because their further cooperation depends on the initial perception of the teacher and the family.
In the process of organizing a single health-saving space for preschool educational institutions and families, we use a variety of forms of work: open classes with children for parents; pedagogical conversations with parents - general and group parent meetings; consultations; classes with the participation of parents; exhibitions of children's works made together with their parents; Open days; participation of parents in the preparation and holding of holidays, leisure activities; joint creation of a subject-developing environment; work with the parent committee of the group; trainings;
parent living rooms; Confidence mail, questioning. Colorful visual stands in the reception rooms introduce parents to the life of the group, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and the age characteristics of children. Practical information is posted in the corners of specialists, interesting facts are given, recommendations are given by a speech therapist teacher, a psychologist, the head of an art studio, physical education and music workers.

Cooperation between kindergarten and family: caring for the health of a preschooler

Children's health depends not only on physical characteristics, but also on the level of health development, health literacy and the environmental situation in the country. The health of a child should be assessed in unity with the environment and the adaptive capabilities of the organism. Therefore, work on the full physical development and strengthening of the health of children, no doubt, should be carried out by the family and the preschool institution.

The first school of education is the family. Parents are the first teachers of their child. In a family environment, emotional and moral experience is formed, the level of content of the emotional and social development of the child is determined. It is proved that the state of health of parents is one of the leading factors that directly affect the health of the child. This influence is not only purely biological (hereditary), but also manifests itself indirectly through a system of conditions that characterize the way of life of the mother and father, their attitude towards health, and the degree of medical activity.

The preventive activity of people, determined by the awareness of health as a value and the presence of targeted actions to maintain and strengthen it, is now becoming an important factor affecting the health of the population, primarily children. The need to look for work, overload at work, reduced free time for parents lead to a deterioration in their physical and mental condition, increased irritability, fatigue, and stress. Parents habitually splash out their emotions on children, while both external problems and domestic troubles are blamed on them. The child finds himself in a situation of complete dependence on the mood, emotions and reactions of his parents, which affects his mental health.

Therefore, it is so important to help parents understand that many factors influence the development of a child's personality, and education should not go spontaneously.

To date, the problem of interaction between the preschool educational institution and the family on children's health is one of the most urgent. The family needs support and guidance.

Target the work of the kindergarten in this direction is to assist the family in creating conditions for raising children of preschool age, protecting and strengthening their health. It implies the following tasks:

increase the resistance and protective properties of the child's body through the provision of a healthy lifestyle, optimal motor mode, psychological safety of the individual, the introduction of health-saving technologies;
create optimal conditions to ensure the protection and strengthening of the physical and mental health of children;
carry out the necessary correction of deviations in the development of the child;
to expand cooperation with the family in the formation of the spiritual and moral image of the younger generation, the study and activation of the pedagogical potential of the family;
carry out prevention of antisocial behavior by means of physical culture and sports.

For the conscious participation of parents and teachers of preschool educational institutions in the improvement of the child, special knowledge is needed. Causes of frequent diseases in children, prevention of diseases, caring for a sick child, first aid and prevention of complications - we consider all these issues at parent meetings, round tables. Medical workers of the kindergarten and children's polyclinic (pediatricians, narrow specialists) are invited to such events. In addition, parents get acquainted with the results of diagnosing the state of health of children, their psychomotor development, the content of physical culture and health work in kindergarten, share their positive experience in family education, talk about family traditions that help improve family health. The concept of "family traditions" includes the concept of "way of life". Many diseases and problems are rooted in it. For example, an acute problem of our time is alcoholism and drug addiction.

Along with collective forms of organization, we widely use individual and subgroup conversations, oral journals. Parents are trained in health-improving work in a family setting by specialists from the preschool educational institution: a head nurse, a nurse in a physiotherapy room, a physical education instructor, and a teacher-psychologist. Practical advice is given, medical and pedagogical literature is recommended.

One of the effective methods in this direction is the use of visual agitation. Each group has a health corner, where information for parents about the treatment and preventive measures carried out in a preschool institution will get in the way. There are so-called "health piggy banks" in which material is collected on non-traditional methods of healing, material that promotes a healthy lifestyle. This information is collected not only by doctors and teachers, but also by the parents themselves.

Disease prevention methods are also documented as sanitary bulletins. The medical staff of the kindergarten made up a whole file of them.

Consultations, lectures, seminars are held, practical classes are organized. The topics are very diverse: “If a child is afraid of the dentist”, “Alcohol and offspring”, “Prophylactic vaccinations - protection against infectious diseases”, “Health seriously”, “Prevention of childhood injuries”, “We form the need for a healthy lifestyle”, etc.

Open days are regularly organized for parents. In our opinion, this is an effective form of involving family members in the pedagogical process. During the day, fathers, mothers, grandparents have the opportunity to attend morning exercises, physical education classes, walks, tempering procedures and other regime moments. Visitors leave their impressions in the book of reviews and suggestions. Then we analyze all the activities, draw conclusions, sum up. As a rule, parents are very happy. But sometimes they have questions, every statement is important to us. After all, if they did not understand something, did not perceive it in the right way, it is necessary to take note of this and explain it.

Educators, together with their parents, draw up wall newspapers and exhibitions of drawings on the topics: “The sun, air and water are our best friends”, “A healthy mind in a healthy body”, “In the country of health”, “Active rest of our family”, etc. Parents accept participation in the essay competition “Our family is for a healthy lifestyle”, in which they talk about how they relax, celebrate holidays, weekends, what games they play with children, what sports events they attend, what parent-child relationships are present in the family. Then we make exhibitions of these compositions, because each family shows creativity in the design of their works, they attach codes of family health to them. In addition, kindergarten employees arrange thematic exhibitions: “How to raise a healthy child”, “So that there is no “Tempering from an early age”, etc. Moms and dads are happy to get acquainted with the exhibits of the exhibition, share their impressions. Of course, not all families are active, but many are able to borrow, some parents are reconsidering their views on the nutrition of children.

The results of the diagnostics show that educational, educational and health-improving work organized in this way has a positive effect on the development of children.

Outlook:

search and implementation of new models of interaction with the families of pupils on the formation of a healthy lifestyle;
active involvement of parents in the pedagogical activities of the kindergarten in order to strengthen the sense of their personal responsibility for the development of the child, his health;
strengthening and development of close communication and interaction with various social institutions for the introduction of cultural and recreational technologies;
development of the material and technical base of preschool educational institutions.

In this way:

formation of children's health on the basis of complex and systematic use of physical education means available for a particular preschool institution, optimization of motor activity in the fresh air;
the use in the educational activities of the preschool educational institution of the spiritual, moral and cultural potential of the city, the microdistrict, the immediate environment, the upbringing of children on the traditions of Russian culture;
constructive partnership of the family, the teaching staff and the children themselves in strengthening their health, developing their creative potential;
ensuring the active position of children in the process of obtaining knowledge about a healthy lifestyle.

The means to solve these problems can be:

direct training of children in elementary methods of a healthy lifestyle (health, finger, corrective, breathing exercises, self-massage) and the simplest skills in providing first aid for cuts, abrasions, burns, bites; as well as instilling elementary cultural and hygienic skills in children;
rehabilitation measures (herbal medicine, vitamin therapy, aromatherapy, inhalation, functional music, physiotherapy exercises, massage, psycho-gymnastics, trainings);
specially organized motor activity of the child (physical education minutes, recreational physical education, outdoor games, sports and recreational holidays, thematic health holidays, going out into nature, excursions).

Preparation for a healthy lifestyle of a child based on health-saving technologies should become a priority in the activities of each educational institution for preschool children.

Bibliography

Makhaneva M.D. Raising a healthy child// Handbook for practitioners of preschool institutions. – M.: ARKTI, 1999.

Penzulaeva L.I. Recreational gymnastics for preschool children (3-7 years old). – M.: VLADOS, 2002.

Utrobina K.K. Entertaining physical education in kindergarten for children 5-7 years old. - M., 2006.

Health-improving complex in kindergarten: swimming pool - phytobar - sauna / Methodological guide // Ed. B.B. Egorova. - M., 2004.