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Massage points on the human body. Acupressure: effect, indications and technique

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Massage is a set of methods of mechanical and reflex action on tissues and organs in the form of vibrations, friction and pressure, which are carried out on the surface of the human body with hands or special devices through water, air or other medium in order to achieve the necessary therapeutic or other effect. The fact that with the help of such techniques it is possible to restore strength, as well as to fight a number of pathological conditions, was known even in ancient times. Today, there are a huge number of different types of massage, one of which is acupressure. What exactly is such a massage and what therapeutic effect can be achieved with its help, you will find out right now.

Concept definition

Acupressure is a mechanical effect of the fingers on strictly defined areas of the body, namely on biologically active points. To date, two techniques of such an impact are especially popular, namely Chinese and Japanese techniques. The Chinese technique is called acupuncture, but the Japanese therapy is called shiatsu. Note that such a mechanical effect on certain parts of the body has numerous advantages. First of all, such a massage is distinguished by the simplicity of its implementation. In addition, during the procedure, the impact is on minor areas. The procedure can be carried out both for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. And yet, various techniques of such exposure can be combined with the use of various drugs.

History of development

The process of origin of this direction began in ancient times. For the first time they started talking about it in the East, namely in the territories of modern China, Korea, Japan and Mongolia. Physicians living in those days closely followed the work of the human body and came to the conclusion that the human body is closely interconnected with natural phenomena. They put forward the version that the human body lives and functions under the influence of the same forces that are at the head of nature. Ancient scientists argued that with every ailment, the whole organism as a whole is involved in the pathological process. If the work of one organ is disturbed, it means that all other organs and systems cease to function normally. In their opinion, each disease was a consequence of the body's struggle with pathogenic factors. In the list of such factors, they entered both water and emotions, climatic conditions, injuries, food, infections, etc. They set themselves an important goal - to find a way to help the body fight all these factors. Over time, they found local points and established their relationship with individual organs and systems of the body. There are about 700 such points in total. In modern practice, about 150 are used. At first, these points were affected by a wormwood cigarette, a stone, a needle, and some other objects. Then they began to put pressure on them with their fingers. Even later, special devices made of silver, gold, steel, copper and titanium appeared. To date, biologically active points are most often affected with a brush or finger.

Technique

Scientists were able to establish the fact that during such manipulations, both pituitary hormones and midbrain hormones, endorphins ( natural drugs), enkephalins ( neuropeptides), etc. Such techniques can have both a calming and stimulating effect on the body. It all depends on the choice of methodology. So, for example, with increased muscle tone and with pain in the muscles or joints, the main task of such therapy is relaxation, sedation and reassurance. In such cases, the so-called "sedative" method is used, which involves the product of rotational gradual movements in a clockwise direction. If we are talking about phenomena characterized by reduced tone, then the “stimulating” technique comes to the rescue. It is also called "tonic or exciting" technique. In such cases, the impact on certain points is carried out in a certain sequence, purposefully, taking into account all the available recommendations regarding a particular pathological condition.

Basic principles

When conducting such a massage, the following principles should be followed:
1. The approach to therapy of each pathology should be complex;
2. All therapy should be carried out without haste and thoroughly;
3. For each patient, a purely individual treatment should be selected.

Features of biologically active points (BAP)

All BATs have their own specific features, namely:

high temperature of the skin;
high level of metabolic process;
low electrical resistance;
high pain sensitivity;
high electrical potential;
increased oxygen uptake.

Ways to find points

There are 5 main ways in which you can find the necessary biologically active points. Their list can include:
1. Topographic drawings, maps and diagrams that indicate the location of a point along special channels, meridians and lines. So, for example, there are 4 such lines on the chest in front, but there are only 3 of them on the back;
2. Individual cun - the distance that is formed between the folds of the middle phalanx when the 3rd finger is bent. Men in this case use the left hand, but women use the right. Note that this method is used exclusively by the Chinese. They consider it the most accurate. Often, the width of one finger of the hand is also taken as an individual cun;
3. Palpation - probing points with the help of sliding movements with the pad of the most sensitive finger. During palpation, having found the necessary point, a person feels warmth, increased soreness or roughness;
4. Anatomical landmarks - in this case, special attention is paid to various folds, the tip of the nose, fingertips, tubercles, depressions, protrusions, as well as places to which muscles are attached;
5. Special devices that are equipped with reduced electrical resistance. The passive electrode is fixed on the body, after which the “search” is turned on. The active electrode begins to move and find the required point. Such devices include devices called carat, elap, elite - 04 and others.

Point classification

According to the direction of their action, the following types of points are distinguished:
1. Points of general action: these points are the most important. Impact on them allows you to influence the overall functional state of the entire central nervous system;
2. Local or Local Points: they are responsible for the work certain systems and organs. They are located, as a rule, in ligaments, muscles, joints and blood vessels;
3. spinal points: located along the spine, namely in places where the nerve roots and autonomic fibers come from. Exposure to such points improves the functioning of both the pancreas and the lungs, diaphragm, spleen, colon, and other organs;

4. Segmental points: in most cases are located in skin metameres ( dismemberment of the skin or body) in the corresponding zones of innervation. Impact on them allows you to influence tissues and organs that are directly related to the innervation of these segments;
5. Regional outlets: are located in the projection zone of the internal organs on the skin. With their help, you can control the work of the liver, heart, lungs and stomach.

Point selection rules for various pathologies

In gynecological pathologies and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the points that are located symmetrically with respect to each other are affected. If we are talking about violations of the intestines or stomach, then experts act on the points of the upper and lower extremities, and at the same time. The points of the anterior and posterior surface of the body are affected in the treatment of ailments of the sciatic nerve, as well as with toothache and intercostal neuralgia. Paralysis of the upper limbs, pathologies of the digestive system, respiratory diseases - in all these cases, the impact on the points of the outer and inner surfaces is combined. With the development of lumbosacral radiculitis, points are chosen that are located directly at the site of pain or disturbance.

Basic tricks

The list of the main techniques of such a massage can be added:
1. finger pressure ( in this case, pressure is carried out with the pad of the middle or thumb) or palm;
2. light touch or continuous stroking;
3. deep pressure ( when performing this manipulation, a small hole should form under the finger of a specialist).

While using all these techniques, it is very important to follow some important guidelines:

stroking should be carried out continuously;
stroking with rotation can be done with slight pressure;
impact on the point should be carried out carefully so that it is directed perpendicular to the surface skin;
all manipulations can be performed with both rotational and vibrating movements;
stroking can be done both slowly and quickly, however, throughout the procedure, the set pace must be maintained;
all rotations should be made in a horizontal plane and clockwise;
deep pressure should not last long.

Rubbing, grabbing, stroking and other techniques

The technique of acupressure involves the use of a wide variety of techniques, namely:
1. Kneading or pressing: carried out with the tip of the thumb or 2 thumbs. In some cases, it is also performed with the middle or index finger. The movements are circular rotational and are performed slowly and weakly at first, gradually increasing the pressure until the patient feels very strong pressure in this area. After that, the pressure is immediately weakened.
2. "Pinch" grip: this manipulation is carried out with 3 fingers of the right hand, namely the thumb, middle and index. They capture the skin at the location of the required point and collect it in a fold. Then the fold is kneaded - rotated, squeezed, etc. It is recommended that all movements be performed very quickly until the person feels numb.
3. Stroking: carried out with the pad of the middle or thumb. The movements are rotational. This technique is used most often in the face, hands, head and neck.
4. "An injection": carried out with the tip of the thumb or index finger, and at a fast pace.
5. Vibration: this manipulation is performed with the middle or thumb. You can not tear your finger away from the massaged point. Movements should be fast oscillatory. This technique allows both to calm and excite the patient.
6. Calming option: produced by deep, continuous and slow pressure. All movements are rotational and are carried out evenly, and without shifting the skin. The force of pressure increases all the time. At a certain point, there is a pause, after which again the vibration.
7. Tonic option: in this case, a stronger, but short-term effect is exerted on each point. In addition, the specialist also conducts deep rubbing with a quick withdrawal of the finger after each manipulation. This is repeated 3-4 times. In some cases, intermittent vibration is also carried out. The tonic option is especially useful in the morning, as it tends to increase vitality.
8. Trituration: hold the pad of the middle or thumb clockwise. This technique in most cases is used after all other methods of such massage.
9. Brake variant: it is used for massaging children, various disorders of the circulatory process, as well as for relaxing muscles. When it is carried out, each point is affected for about 1.5 minutes.

Note that all these techniques are strictly forbidden to be used both in the inguinal and in the axillary region, as well as on the mammary glands and in places where large lymph nodes and blood vessels are located. If the stomach is massaged, then all techniques should be carried out at the time of exhalation. When massaging points on the back, the patient should bend slightly or lie down with a pillow under the stomach. In the course of the studies, it was possible to establish that with insomnia and sciatica, all these manipulations are best done in the evenings. But with the development of bronchial asthma, they should be contacted for help in the morning. If you are a representative of the fair sex and you are concerned about migraine, then this massage should be started a few days before the onset of menstruation. All acute pathologies should be treated every day. In the presence of chronic diseases, massaging points should be carried out every other day or two days.

Preparing for a session

Preparation for a session of such therapy involves, first of all, the adoption of a comfortable position. Having taken a comfortable position, the patient should relax as much as possible, pushing aside all extraneous thoughts. It is very important to focus all your attention on the work of a massage therapist, as well as on the sensations that you are experiencing at the moment.
It is important to believe in the power of such therapy. If you do not set yourself up for a positive result, then the specialist is unlikely to achieve it. Even if after the first procedure you do not feel relief, do not despair ahead of time. There is no need to rush in such cases. It is important to complete the course of therapy to the end, observing the proper sequence.

Massage of arms, legs, chest, face and other parts of the body

Acupressure of the hands helps to forget about fatigue and general malaise. With its help, it is possible to significantly improve the blood circulation process, as well as get rid of migraines and toothaches. In this case, the specialist can massage both one and both hands. Massage, as a rule, brushes, shoulders, elbow joints, fingers, as well as the shoulder girdle. It is recommended to massage all these areas for no more than 3 minutes. As for massaging the points located on the legs, this procedure is, first of all, an excellent prevention of cardiovascular pathologies. In addition, such manipulations can eliminate pain in the legs, which often indicate the development of quite serious vascular ailments. This procedure has a therapeutic effect on both arterial and venous vessels, allowing blood to pass through them much easier. Breast massage has a beneficial effect on both the skin and tissues of this area. With the help of such a massage, it is possible to activate blood circulation and restore the breasts to their former elasticity. The most important thing during such a session is not to touch the nipple. By massaging the head, the specialist manages to save his patient, first of all, from regular headaches. The same sessions significantly improve the general condition of the hair and scalp. They tend to have a calming effect on the central nervous system. After such procedures, a person feels harmony and balance. Facial massage, in turn, makes it possible to get rid of many skin imperfections, including its age-related changes. The skin after such manipulations becomes toned, smooth, elastic and tender. It is very important that all techniques in this area are carried out exclusively by a professional.

Impact on muscles and joints

The mechanical impact of the fingers on strictly defined areas of the body has a positive effect on the entire musculoskeletal system. Certain manipulations can increase the elasticity of joints and muscles, improve their blood supply and nutrition, and also significantly enhance their functional performance.
With their help, it is possible to slow down certain dystrophic processes in the muscles, which are especially often observed in various rheumatic ailments. Massaging the muscular system, it is important to achieve one single goal, namely the complete relaxation of the muscles. Achieving this goal is easy. To do this, the patient needs to take a certain position in which one or another group of his muscles can relax as much as possible.

Impact on the skin

The skin is one of the most important organs of the human body, since it is the skin that has numerous very important functions. It is the skin that protects the internal organs from damage. She also takes part in the regulation of metabolic processes. In the skin there are both sebaceous glands and nerve endings, as well as sweat glands, through which numerous substances synthesized during the vital activity of the body are released. Its massaging allows, first of all, to improve the secretion of these glands. In addition, such manipulations normalize metabolism and improve blood circulation. Finding out that the general condition of your skin has improved will help her pink color, as well as its elasticity and smoothness. In this case, muscle tone is also important, which should increase after such sessions.

Effect on the cardiovascular system

The positive impact of such manipulations on the cardiovascular system is reflected in the redistribution of blood both in tissues and organs. Blood from the internal organs begins to flow to the skin and muscles. As a result, peripheral vasodilation is observed, which in turn greatly facilitates the work of the heart. Such sessions also help to improve the blood supply to the heart muscle, improve metabolism, increase the absorption of oxygen by tissues, and reduce congestion in the systemic and pulmonary circulation. After such procedures, an increase in the pumping ability of the heart is also noted.

Umanskaya method to strengthen the child's immunity

Strong the immune system- This is the guarantee of your baby's health! This fact is known to everyone, without exception, which is why every mother strives to use the help of any method that is intended directly to strengthen the body's defenses. One of these methods is acupressure of biologically active points according to the professor's system. Alla Alekseevna Umanskaya. This method involves the impact of fingers on 9 points, which are located on the child's body. According to this specialist, it is these points that are responsible for the work of the entire child's body. Impact on them allows you to enhance the protective properties of both the larynx and the bronchi, nasopharynx, trachea, and many other organs. In addition, when massaging these zones, irritation of the receptors of the skin, tendons, fingers and muscles occurs, the impulses from which reach the spinal cord and brain, as a result of which the functioning of all systems and organs of the body is enhanced. Under the influence of such manipulations, the child's body begins to synthesize its own medicines such as interferon, which are much safer than pills and potions.

And here is the list of points themselves:

Point #1: the area of the entire sternum, which is in close relationship with the mucous membrane of the bronchi, trachea and bone marrow. Massaging this point helps to improve blood formation and significantly reduce cough;
Point #2: directly interconnected with the mucous membrane of the larynx, lower pharynx and thymus ( thymus). Its massaging allows you to regulate immune functions;
Point #3: it is interconnected with the formations that control chemical composition blood, and also strengthen the protective functions of the mucous membrane of the larynx and pharynx. Its massaging improves metabolism and blood circulation, and also enhances the synthesis of hormones;
Point #4: is interconnected with the mucous membrane of the larynx, the posterior pharyngeal wall and the upper cervical sympathetic ganglion. Its massaging improves the blood supply to both the trunk and the neck, as well as the head;
Point #5: located in the region of the 7th cervical and 1st thoracic vertebrae and is in relationship with the mucous membrane of the esophagus, trachea and pharynx, as well as with the lower cervical sympathetic ganglion. Massaging this point helps to restore the functioning of blood vessels, bronchi, lungs and heart;
Point #6: is in relationship with the anterior and middle lobes of the pituitary gland. Massage of this area improves the blood supply to the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and maxillary cavities. In addition, such manipulations clear the nose and relieve the common cold;
Point #7: associated with the mucous membrane of the frontal sinuses and ethmoid formations of the nasal cavity, as well as with the frontal parts of the brain. Massaging this point helps to improve the blood supply to the mucous membrane of the upper parts of the nose, as well as the frontal parts of the brain and the region of the eyeball. As a result, both vision and mental development of the child are improved;
Point #8: massaging this point, which is located in the region of the ear tragus, has a positive effect on the organ of hearing and the vestibular apparatus;
Point #9: is located on the hands and helps to restore very diverse functions of the body, and all because the hands are directly interconnected with the sections of both the spinal cord and the brain.

For runny nose and sinusitis

This method of therapy is especially effective in case of a runny nose or sinusitis ( inflammation of the paranasal sinuses due to chronic runny nose or acute infection) worries the child. With the help of special manipulations in such cases, it is possible in the very first place to restore the patency of new moves. Massage special points with the tip of your index finger. Before the procedure itself, it is important to warm the hands so that the manipulations performed do not cause discomfort in the baby. We press the fingertip on the “nasal points”, while performing rotational movements in a clockwise direction.
It is recommended to massage each of these points for 20 to 30 seconds. Such massaging is contraindicated only if warts, moles, pustules or neoplasms are located in the area of \u200b\u200bthe necessary zones.

When coughing

Cough is one of the signs of a disease of the upper or lower respiratory tract. Often, the same symptom can be observed with whooping cough, hypertension and diseases of the central nervous system. Before conducting such a massage, it is very important to first establish the exact cause of the cough. Having learned the reason, it will be possible to establish the necessary points of influence. Most often, points located on the line of the sternum are subjected to massaging. Each of them should be massaged for 1 to 2 minutes. During the procedure, a stroking technique with gradual pressure and rotation is used.

For back pain

With pain in the back, the course of therapy is usually designed for 10-12 sessions. The first sessions are recommended to be carried out every day, however, after the 5th procedure, massage is done every other day. If after the 3rd - 5th session the person stops feeling pain, then the course of therapy is stopped. Massaging in such cases is subjected to points located in the lumbar or sacral region. With unilateral localization of pain sensations, only those points that are in the painful zone are subjected to massaging. Most often, massage is carried out with the thumbs. Such a course of therapy is categorically contraindicated in patients with severe spinal deformities.

With scoliosis

Scoliosis is a lateral curvature of the spine in the frontal plane. Note that this pathology is quite complex, which is why it is not always possible to get rid of it with the help of traditional methods of therapy. It is possible to achieve the desired effect only with the help of complex treatment of this disease, one of the points of which is acupressure. With scoliosis, the specialist looks for painful points, after which he begins to act on them with the tips of the thumb and middle finger. Most often, only 4 points are subjected to various manipulations. The first, called the “large vertebra,” is located under the spinous process of the 7th cervical vertebra and controls the work of the heart, spine, and bones. The second point was called the "twisted pond". It is located in the middle of the line that connects the radius and the end of the ulnar crease. The third point called "connection of bones" is in the gap between the 1st and 2nd metacarpal bones. And, finally, the last point "point of longevity" is located 4.5 cm below the patella and 1.5 cm outward from the anterior edge of the tibia.

When correcting stuttering

Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by frequent repetition of sounds or syllables. With the same violation, frequent stops and indecision in speech are observed, which causes its rhythmic flow. Such a massage for stuttering allows you to restore the nervous regulation of speech, and also eliminates the excessive excitability of the speech centers. Specialists in such cases most often use 2 methods, namely stroking and kneading. Stroking involves making circular movements with the pad of the middle, index or ring fingers, but kneading is carried out with rotational movements with pressure. The finger cannot be moved from the point when kneading. The sooner the necessary points begin to be massaged, the better. If the procedures are started in a timely manner, then in a few months the child will be able to forget about this problem.

For headache

Massaging biologically active points is especially effective if the pain is noted in the parietal region and is accompanied by tinnitus, palpitations, and dizziness. In such cases, experts recommend massaging a point located in the parietal fossa, namely at the intersection of the midline of the head with the line that connects the external auditory canals. If, along with a headache, you also have nosebleeds, then you need to massage a point that is located in the frontal region, namely 2 transverse fingers above the hairline and 4 transverse fingers above the superciliary arches. If you suffer from pain in the temporal region, then find a point located in the frontal corner of the scalp 1.5 cm inward from the hairline and massage it, but only very gently. For pain in the back of the head, massage the point located in the center of the occipital cavity. Massage of the area located on the forehead 1 transverse finger above the middle of each of the eyebrows will help get rid of pain in the frontal part.

With hypertension

In the fight against hypertension, such manipulations are especially necessary, since with their help it is possible to maintain the elasticity of both muscles and blood vessels. In addition, massaging points allows you to start the vegetative-vascular, neurohumoral, neuro-reflex, and lymphatic mechanisms. Massage in such cases can be carried out exclusively with fingertips. Massage should be points located on the feet, neck, forearms, as well as in the epigastric region. All manipulations should be carried out with the middle, thumb or index finger. At first, it should be kneading with pressure, after which we produce vibration with pressure.

For toothache

There are plenty of reasons for the occurrence of toothache, and in all cases, a person tries to get rid of it by any means. Acupuncture specialists offer several options for dealing with this unpleasant phenomenon. The first option involves massaging a point located in the recess between the bones of the large and index finger. Massage this point with the thumb of the other hand until it turns red. The whole procedure takes no more than 3 minutes. Another option involves pressing the point with the index finger about 5 times, and strongly, causing pain. Press should be on a point located on the radial side of the index finger 2 - 3 mm outward from the corner of the nail bed. There is another point, massaging which you can forget about toothache. This point is located on the front surface of the wrist, namely 1.5 cm below the lower crease on the side of the thumb. It is in this place that the pulse is determined.

For weight loss

Acupressure is considered to be an excellent method of dealing with extra pounds. The thing is that the impact on special points allows you to normalize metabolism, cleanse the body of toxins and toxins accumulated in it, and also regulate appetite. It is clear that such changes contribute to the reduction total weight body. This approach helps to overcome the main cause of overweight in the face of overeating.
The most important thing is to act on the necessary points daily. Otherwise, the desired result will have to wait a long time. As for the points themselves, there are only 5 of them. The first is located at the junction of the lower jaw with the ear and is responsible for appetite and hunger. The second is 4 fingers above the ankle. The third can be found at the junction of the shoulder and neck. The fourth and fifth are at a distance of 2 fingers to the side of the navel. They should be affected at the same time.

For breast augmentation

Many representatives of the weaker sex dream of enlarging their breasts. Such a massage will help not only make it bigger, but also give the breast elasticity. The most important thing to remember is that all manipulations should be carried out with gentle soft movements. During the session, you should not feel pain, this is important. To enlarge your breasts, massage them at least once a day for several months. Finding the right points, massaging which will increase your breasts, is not so easy. Count 13 cm from the solar plexus, then move another 2 cm away from this point. It is recommended to massage these points with a tennis ball for 30 seconds. After a short break, we repeat the procedure, but we continue it for 1 minute. In addition to these points, the ball should also massage the feet.

For insomnia

If you are tormented by insomnia, then carry out a soothing massage of the following points:

Point #3: the middle of the nose;
Point No. 4 and 5: on the crown, located symmetrically and is the highest, as well as points that are 1-2 cm below it towards the back;
Point #6: located just below the level of the breasts, namely 1 - 3 cm, next to the peritoneum;
Point #7: located in the hollow, which is formed on the inner bend of the elbow.

Such a massage should be carried out in the late afternoon, as it has a relaxing effect.

For tired eyes

Acupressure with eye fatigue will, first of all, reduce tension in this area. In such cases, an exclusively tonic massage is carried out, which lasts from 2 to 5 minutes. This time is often enough to forget about all the unpleasant sensations. Massage should be 3 points. The first is located above the center of the superciliary arch, the second is located 1 cm away from the Adam's apple and the third is at the very root of the eye, namely 1 cm towards the temple along the line of the eye.
There are contraindications. Before use, you should consult with a specialist.

Thanks to Chinese medicine, treatment by massaging a certain point of the organs on the foot has become widely known. It is known that the human foot is a kind of body control panel, on which biologically active points associated with internal organs are concentrated. No wonder walking barefoot on freshly cut grass or small pebbles brings a pleasant feeling. During this process, there is a mechanical effect on the points of the foot, which stimulates the corresponding organs, improving blood flow and increasing the overall tone of the body.

Acupressure is a simple and affordable method of healing

The acupressure technique is the younger sister of acupuncture, it involves all the same points into which acupuncture needles are inserted. However, acupressure does not accept the use of piercing objects, which guarantees a softer and safer, but at the same time effective treatment. In this case, metal needles are replaced with their own fingers or with the hands of a massage therapist.

Biological points on the foot

Based on the theoretical knowledge extracted from traditional Chinese medicine, we note that on the feet there is a peculiar scheme of biologically active points and zones of influence on each of the available organs. Over time, slags and toxins accumulate in the human body, preventing normal blood circulation and thereby provoking various diseases. In this way, you can influence the active points on the foot, stimulating work and creating a balance in the general condition of the body as a whole.

With the help of massaging the feet, you can relieve nervous stress, a state of fatigue and psycho-emotional arousal, strengthen the defense mechanisms of the whole organism, improve metabolism, normalize the functioning of the nervous system, cure gynecological diseases and much more.

Reflexology as a method of non-drug treatment

Reflexology is a non-drug therapy method with a strong foothold in Western medicine. will help not only the sick, but also healthy people who want to strengthen their immunity and nervous system. By acting on the points on the foot that are responsible for the organs, you can effectively influence the functioning of the body: to reduce coughing attacks, you just need to massage the point of the trachea, to normalize the digestive process, you can gently massage the points of the stomach and intestines. A narrow strip of the entire inner surface of the foot is connected to the spine. Systematically acting on these points, you can alleviate the condition of osteochondrosis, radiculitis, myositis, lumbago.

By pressing on the points of the corresponding organ, you can remove, for example, a rapid heartbeat, act on the urinary system and even cure chronic diseases.

Varieties of biological points

The points on the foot responsible for the organs have their exact location. Their location is defined on 14 lines, also called meridians. Each meridian has its own name: "Master of the heart", "Guverneur" or "Three-degree heater".

Each meridian has three types of points:

Exciting point (one on each meridian), its activation stimulates the efficiency of the organs associated with a particular meridian.
Harmonizing points. The impact on these zones, located at both ends of the meridian, relaxes and creates a harmonious work of the organs belonging to this type of meridian.
Calming point (one for each meridian). Creates the feeling of the most pleasant and painless massaging, calms the nerves, relaxes the body.

Projection of internal organs on the soles of the feet

Acupressure refers to reflexology, but unlike the above types of massage, the place of its influence is acupuncture points (TA) - biologically active points (BAP), the irritation of which causes a targeted reflex reaction to a specific organ or system. Based on this, it can be considered as one of the methods of acupuncture, in which a needle prick or cauterization is replaced by a finger or brush (Fig. 37).

Rice. 37. The position of the fingers and hands when performing acupressure techniques

The initial link is the mechanical impact on the acupuncture points located along the meridians and collaterals (Scheme 5). The difference between TA and surrounding tissues lies in their biophysical parameters, which include:

Relatively low electrical resistance;

Increased value of electrical potential;

High skin temperature;

Absorption of oxygen.

TA is a collection of nerve elements and vascular plexuses located at different depths from the skin surface.

Scheme 5. mechanisms of physiological action of acupressure

Individual cun - the distance between the skin folds of the radial surface of the middle phalanx, formed with full flexion in all joints of the third finger (for women, the measurement is taken on the right hand, for men - on the left). The total width of II–V fingers is equal to three cun, II–III is one and a half cun (Fig. 38);

Proportional cun - determined by proportional division into equal parts of the distance between known landmarks. For example, it is known that the distance between the points yin-tang and nao-hu is 12 cun. Finding these points, measuring the distance between them and dividing it by 12, we get a proportional cun (Fig. 39).

All parts of the body are conditionally divided into a certain number of cuns, and, as a rule, the BAP is located on the border of the segments and often coincides with the depression on palpation (Fig. 40–42).

Finding (palpation) BAT.

The emergence of the patient's "foreseen sensations" aches, numbness, dull, non-intense, bursting pain. And sometimes shooting pain and "crawling" that spread in one or more directions.

When the massage therapist finds BAP under the fingers, a feeling of failure into an oval hole filled with soft dough-like contents with dense walls.

During palpation, one should strictly adhere to a certain line, without moving to neighboring meridians.

Rice. 38. individual cun (quoted by Dubrovsky V.N.)

From the book How to Get Rid of Back Pain author Irina Anatolyevna Kotesheva

Acupressure Born in the 20th century. acupressure (shiatsu) is a kind of modern interpretation of the amma massage, traditional for Japan, which has been practiced for centuries in the framework of oriental medicine. The wide popularity of this method in the East (and recently

From the book Back pain ... What to do? author Irina Anatolyevna Kotesheva

Acupressure Born in the 20th century, acupressure (shiatsu) is a kind of modern interpretation of the traditional Japanese amma massage, which has been practiced for centuries within the framework of oriental medicine. The popularity of this method in the East (and more recently in

Acupressure is an ancient oriental method of treatment. It originated, apparently, in the territory of modern China, Korea, Mongolia and Japan. It is based on the same principles as in segmental massage: treatment should be complex (a disease of an organ is a disease of the whole organism); treatment should be unhurried, thorough; Finally, it must be individual. But if segmental massage is based on a schematic division of the human body into segments, then acupressure appeared after the discovery of certain points on the body that are closely related to the internal organs and systems of a person.

Acupressure also has much in common with acupuncture, since both the impact of a needle and finger pressure on certain points restore impaired functions and improve the patient's condition.

The points involved in acupressure are called "vital points" or - in modern science - "biologically active points" (BAP). Studies have shown that these points have specific features. Firstly, they have low electrical skin resistance, secondly, high electrical potential, thirdly, high skin temperature, as well as high pain sensitivity, increased oxygen uptake and a high level of metabolic processes.

The basic rules of acupressure are associated with the ancient ideas about "vital energy" - "chi", according to which "chi" moves along a certain trajectory along invisible meridian channels and provides each organ with "nutrition". Life energy moves from one channel to another, in total there are 12 paired and 2 unpaired channels. Under normal circumstances, when each channel receives a certain amount of vital energy, a person is healthy. As a result of a violation of the “tides” of vital energy, an excess of energy is observed in one part of the body, and a deficiency in another. In this case, any disease develops.

Eastern medicine has long sought to bring the "yin" and "yang" to harmony. According to the ideas of ancient Eastern physicians, the five primary elements of the earth have correspondences with pregnancy, increased oxygen absorption and high level metabolic processes.

Pressing on the "vital points" causes a feeling of aches, numbness, even pain, which is absent when pressing on other areas of the skin. Studies have shown that these sensations are constant, so they serve as a criterion for the correctness of finding such points.

Why does this or that disease occur? The disease occurs because the flow of "vital energy" is disrupted. And you can restore the normal flow of this energy if you act on the points located along the meridian channels.

1) to influence the central nervous system, they act on points of a general or broad spectrum of action;

2) to influence the cervical vegetative apparatus, use the points of the collar zone (C V 1 II -T);

3) so-called segmental points are used to influence the function of internal organs;

4) to influence the radicular syndrome and peripheral nerves, acupressure is carried out at regional points along paravertebral lines;

5) to influence the joints, muscles, tendons, ligaments, mainly local points are used.

In addition, a number of meridian points have certain functions and are called standard. There are six of them on each meridian:

1) tonic point;

2) inhibitory (sedative) point - serves to enhance the inhibitory process;

3) point - "accomplice" - is used to enhance the excitatory or inhibitory action;

4) a stabilizing point is a point of energy transition from one body system (meridian) to another (LO-point);

5) sympathetic, or point of agreement - is outside the meridian and is also used to enhance the impact on the first two points;

6) herald, or point of alarm, - has a diagnostic value.

The tonic and inhibitory points of the meridian are processed, respectively, by inhibitory or stimulating methods of influence, a description of which will be given below.

Thus, acupressure is a method of reflexology, the area of impact of which are acupuncture points; method of influence - massage. The founder of acupressure is E. D. Tyko-chinskaya (1969), who first developed and implemented this method for the treatment of patients with movement disorders. In sports practice, acupressure has been used by us since 1975, and already in 1977, at the Republican Scientific Conference in Minsk, results were reported confirming the expediency of using this method to influence muscle tone (V. I. Vasichkin, G. N Vygodin, A. M. Tyurin).

General about acupressure

Massage as a healing and rejuvenating remedy has been known since ancient times. One of the first references to massage is found in Chinese manuscripts dating back to the 9th century. The great Greek physician Hippocrates wrote: "Massage can bind a joint that is too loose and soften a joint that is too tight."

Like acupuncture and moxibustion, massage can be considered the oldest creative discovery of Chinese medicine. The difference between these methods essentially lies only in different ways of influencing the biologically active points of the human body. So, in acupuncture, various needles made of metal alloys are used. In ancient times, sharp edges of stones, fragments of porcelain, bamboo needles were used as annoying objects, and only later, with the appearance in the 6th century. BC metal, began to make iron, silver and gold needles. Currently, acupuncture is carried out by means of the thinnest metal round needles, which are introduced depending on the place of application of irritation to different depths. The tip of the needle is somewhat blunted so as not to injure the tissue, not to violate its integrity and not to cause pain. However, the methods of administration and the acupuncture technique itself are available only to specialist doctors who have completed the appropriate training course.

Cauterization is carried out with a red-hot metal stick, applying pieces of garlic to certain areas of the skin. However, wormwood cigars are the most widely used. For their manufacture, dried wormwood is crushed and cigars are made from it with a diameter of 1 to 20-30 mm. Sometimes medicinal substances are added to wormwood: dry ginger, garlic, etc. In ancient China, it was believed that the key to success when using cauterization is the formation of bubbles, in the absence of which the effect does not occur. However, the lack of sterile conditions during these procedures led to the appearance of purulent complications in the area of burns. The safer and more painless use of acupuncture and acupressure has led to the fact that the method of cauterization is now practically not used.

The effectiveness of the massage depends on the correct choice and definition of the point and on the massaging technique.

Before you start acupressure, you need to learn how to locate biologically active points. For this purpose, two methods are used that complement each other. The first way is to determine the location of points according to anatomical landmarks (for example, ear, eye, spine, nail, various skin folds, etc.). Another method for determining biological points, is the way to use the cun. According to the ancient Chinese method, the whole human body is divided into puni. Cun is not a specific distance, but a value that is individual for each person, depending on the height of a person, his fullness, physique, etc. In modern clinical practice, the finger cun is the basis for finding points. To determine the length of one cun, it is necessary to bend the middle finger so that, closing with the thumb, it forms a ring. The distance between the skin folds of the second phalanx of the middle finger and will be equal to 1 cun. The width of your thumb, measured slightly below the nail fold, is also 1 cun.

It should be noted that the second method is not suitable for people with deformed altered joints. Thus, by measuring your individual cun, you can get a universal, personal unit of measurement, with which you can find the biologically active points of the body. To facilitate the task, it is advisable to take a white ribbon or a narrow ribbon and put on it up to 15 divisions (each equal to 1 cun). It is advisable to determine cun in men on the left hand, and in women on the right.

Armed with knowledge about the individual tsun, you need to get acquainted with the techniques of acupressure. For a non-specialist, the most accessible and easily digestible are the three main methods of acupressure: light touch, stroking, light and deep finger pressure.

Finger pressure during acupressure should always be strictly vertical, without displacement. The movement of the finger can be rotational or vibrating, but must be non-stop. The stronger the impact on the point, the shorter it should be. One of the main techniques of acupressure is thumb pressure. Many modern authors believe that the impact should be made with the pad of the thumb, however, other experts recommend that pressure be applied to the joint between the first and second phalanges of the thumb. In their opinion, with this method it is easier to regulate the force of impact, besides, the finger is less tired. However, regardless of the method of exposure, in all cases, pressure with the fingertip should be excluded, as this can lead to skin injury, the appearance of microabrasions and the development of infectious complications. It should be noted that there is a special technique that is used in acupressure and is called "finger-needle" - when the effect is carried out precisely with the tip of the finger.

There are several methods of thumb pressure.

1. Normal pressure. This method consists in one constant pressure on the point for 3-5 seconds, then the pressure is gradually stopped.

2. Repetitive pressure. The essence of the method is that pressure is carried out in several steps. First, pressure is applied to the point for 5-6 s, then, without removing the finger, the pressure is stopped and resumed again, repeating this procedure 3-4 times.

3. Pressing with two thumbs at the same time. With this method, the thumbs touch either the outer edges or the nail ends.

4. Pressing with overlapping thumbs. When using this method, the thumbs are not next to each other, as described in the previous case, but one on top of the other, and pressure is applied simultaneously with two fingers. This technique is used when massaging points located in those parts of the body where there is a large muscle mass.

Most common mistakes when performing vibration reception: large amplitude and non-maximum rate of oscillatory movements; injury to the skin with a fingernail.

pressure reception it is mainly carried out with the help of the first finger, and you need to press on the point with the second phalanx from the shoulder, arching the finger, with the arm straightened (Fig. 76). If it is necessary to press on a point with greater force, it is necessary to place the fingers crosswise so that the force of both fingers passes along the same line, but the lower finger would be more rounded. In addition to pressing with the 1st finger, the following varieties are used in acupressure: the second phalanges of the 2nd-4th fingers, the elevation of the 1st finger, the edge or base of the palm, with the burden of the 1st finger with the ulnar edge of the hand.

Direction of effort when performing pressure reception.

Fluoroplastic tip (1) with handle (2).

The pressure on the tissue can be constant or variable, then increase, then decrease. The force of pressure is different - from weak to strong, so the sensations envisaged are also different - from the appearance of a feeling of warmth and the appearance of redness to numbness.

Reception is laborious for a massage therapist, and in this regard, in acupressure, spherical tips with a diameter of 1 to 20 mm, made of plexiglass, hardwood (oak, boxwood), duralumin, ebonite, fluoroplast, can be used. The upper figure shows a fluoroplastic tip with a handle, which we use on large muscles (rational proposal No. 51020 dated 06/05/86).

Main mistakes when performing pressure reception: pressing with the first phalanx of the finger, which can lead to injury.

Three methods of acupressure are used: strong, medium and weak.

Strong- inhibitory, analgesic and relaxing (decrease in muscle tone) action. Pressure is allowed with the force necessary to penetrate through all tissues to the skeletal system and reaching in intensity up to the pain threshold and irradiation. Rotational movements, vibration and pressure are performed periodically, that is, 20-30 s with increasing force and 5-10 s with decreasing pressure on the point. The total exposure time for each point is 5 minutes or more. As guidelines for dosage, you can use the appearance of a vasomotor reaction in the form of the disappearance of a pale spot after the cessation of pressure or the onset of muscle relaxation, clearly felt by a massaging finger.

In sports practice, a strong, inhibitory version of acupressure is mainly used for myogelosis, a distinct muscle hypertonicity.

Average method - a brake option that has a relaxing effect. The pressure is applied with a force penetrating to the muscles, until the intended sensations in the form of bursting, numbness and aches are obtained. The frequency of movements is small, 10-12 s with increasing effort and 3-5 s with decreasing pressure on the point. The total exposure time is 2-3 minutes for each point. The dosage criterion can be a vasomotor reaction in the form of a noticeable reddening of the skin at the massage sites.

It is widely used in all conditions and diseases associated with increased muscle tone.

Weak- an exciting option that has a stimulating effect in the hypotonic state of the muscles. To achieve a stimulating effect, the finger, rotating, vibrating or pressing, goes deep into the skin and subcutaneous tissue for 4-5 seconds, after which it comes off the skin for 1-2 seconds. The duration of exposure at each point is on average 1 min. It is used mainly in medical practice in combination with complexes of physiotherapy exercises.

With deep pressure in the area of \u200b\u200bthe point under the finger, a small hole should form.

Applying this or that technique, you should carefully act on the point, perpendicular to the surface of the skin. Stroking and pressure should not break the skin, cause sharp pain.

Stroking should be continuous, and the movement of the fingers should be horizontal-rotating clockwise or vibrating. Vibration or rotation must be done at a certain pace (slowing down or accelerating). Rotation can be combined with slight pressure. Strong pressure should be short-lived. Usually pressure is applied with the pad of the thumb or middle finger, sometimes with the help of other fingers. Depending on the duration and intensity of exposure, there is a tonic or calming effect. From this follow two main methods of acupressure: tonic and soothing.

The tonic method is characterized by short strong pressures and the same quick removal of the finger from the point. Intermittent vibration is also characteristic of this method. The duration of exposure to a point by this method is from 30 to 60 seconds.

The soothing method is characterized by smooth, slow rotational movements (not shifting the skin) or pressure with the fingertips with a gradual increase in pressure and holding the finger at a depth. The movements are repeated 3-4 times, while the finger does not come off the point. The impact on the point with the calming method is continuous. The duration of exposure to each point is from 3 to 5 minutes.

The conditions for conducting a massage by one method or another are the same: before the massage, take a comfortable position, completely relax, distract yourself from extraneous thoughts, focusing all your attention on the massage. The desired result occurs sometimes during a massage session, sometimes - after it, in some cases - after a course of massage, consisting of several sessions. Often it is enough to act on 2-3 points to feel the positive effect of massage. Therefore, you should not rush to massage all the points. Firstly, it is necessary to follow a certain sequence, and secondly, do not rush to move from one point to another.

Indications and contraindications for acupressure and linear massage

Acupressure and linear massage has a number of advantages over other types of reflexology:

1) learning finger massage is much easier than, for example, acupuncture;

2) hygiene requirements when conducting massage sessions, they are minimal and do not require any complex devices, disinfectants;

3) these types of massage can be carried out on an outpatient basis and in any forced conditions (on the street, in industrial premises);

4) the effectiveness of exposure in experienced massage therapists is not inferior to acupuncture;

5) finger massage is very convenient when providing emergency assistance, as well as in the form of self-massage;

6) point and linear self-massage is very effective for restoring working capacity and with physical fatigue.

1. Neuroses.

Neuroses of fear.

hysterical neurosis.

Depressive neurosis.

Neuritis of the radial, ulnar, median nerves, brachial plexitis, sciatica.

Vegetative-vascular syndromes.

3. Diseases of the circulatory system.

Essential benign hypertension stage I.

Reflex angina.

Spondyloarthritis.

Osteoarthritis, deforming arthrosis, spondylosis, traumatic spondylopathy.

Arthritis (rheumatic, allergic).

Lumbago, intercostal myalgia, humeroscapular periarthritis.

6. Osteochondrosis of the spine.

Shoulder sciatica.

Radiculitis cervical.

Lumbosacral sciatica.

Relative readings

Acupressure and linear massage can be considered as a symptomatic therapy for organic diseases of the nervous system and internal organs, in which there are structural changes in organs and systems. However, in some cases, positive changes and even delays in the disease process may appear, not to mention the general strengthening and psychotherapeutic effect of reflexology.

Contraindications

The main group of contraindications are:

1) benign tumors;

In the treatment of chronic gastritis, the following points should be massaged.

3.25 - Tian-shu. The point is used in the treatment of chronic diseases of the stomach, intestines, chronic cholecystitis, menstrual disorders, urinary retention.

3.36 - Zu-san-li. The point is stimulated in the treatment of gastric ulcer, gastritis, functional diseases of the central nervous system, diseases of the oral cavity, hypertension, psoriasis.

8.21 -Yu-men.

12.2 - Xing-jian. The point is located on the foot, 0.5 cun outside the interdigital crease between the big and second toes.

13.14 - Da-zhui.

14.12 - Zhong-wan. Refers to points of general action.

In the region of the point are the epigastric artery and branches of the intercostal nerves.

The point is also used in the treatment of pain in the stomach, intestines, nausea, stomach ulcers, gastroduodenitis, gastritis, cholecystitis, asthenic conditions and neuroses.

14.14 - Ju Que. The point is located 2 cun below the junction of the sternum with the xiphoid process.

It is advisable to massage the lower thoracic spine with your hands or with a masseur. Massage your feet using a rolling pin.

To do this, sitting on the floor, put your feet on a rolling pin and roll it.

Beneficial for work digestive tract next exercise.

Massage your index fingers.

Then sit on a chair, rest your palms on the seat, straighten your arms, lift your legs, keeping them parallel to the floor, and try to lift your body off the chair. If you succeed, stay in this position for 5 seconds and repeat the exercise 5 times, and then, after a short break, do the exercise again.

Acupressure for neurocirculatory dystonia

Neurocirculatory dystonia is a functional disease of cardio-vascular system, which is accompanied by pain in the heart; possible increase or decrease in blood pressure. The diagnosis of neurocirculatory dystonia is established by a doctor. Pain in neurocirculatory dystonia is burning, shooting, pulling, piercing in nature, as a rule, localized in the region of the heart, does not radiate, lasts a long time, is stopped (removed) by taking validol, corvalol, and also during exercise. In the complex of measures for the treatment of neurocirculatory dystonia, along with the normalization of lifestyle, the reduction of stress, the observance of the regime of work and rest, and the use of medications, acupressure may play an important role, which helps to reduce pain or get rid of it. In this disease, massage of the following points is recommended.

5.5 - Tun-li. The point is located 1 cun above the proximal fold of the wrist joint, between the flexor tendons.

5.7 - Shenmen ("Gate of the Spirit"). The point is located on the arm, in the anterior region, in the inner section of the proximal wrist fold, between the tendons of the flexors of the fingers.

9.6-Nei-guan.

It is also possible to use other points.

3.36 - Zu-san-li.

4.6 - San-yin-chiao.

13.48 - Bao Huang. The point is located outward from the center of the gap between the vestiges of the spinous processes of the 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae.

2.37 - Huh. The point is located outward from the center of the gap between the spinous processes of the 3rd and 4th thoracic vertebrae.

Contrast foot baths also help relieve pain in the heart area. To do this, you need to take two basins, one of them with water at a temperature of 40-42 ° C, and the other half as much (20-21 ° C). The feet are dipped into a hot bath; when they get warm, dip their feet in cool water; as soon as a feeling of chilliness appears, again lower the legs into hot water. This procedure is repeated several times, ending with cold water, and then rub your feet with a terry towel until redness. For the elderly, the water temperature may be reduced to 37°C, while the use of a contrast shower may be recommended for young people.

To relieve pain, you can use a hot bath (41-42 ° C) for 7-10 minutes for the right hand.

Acupressure for hypertension

The use of acupressure can be a powerful adjuvant in the complex treatment of hypertension. However, before

use acupressure, you must always consult with your doctor, as only he can determine the presence of contraindications to such treatment. In the treatment of hypertension, it is necessary to control the level of blood pressure. It is necessary to take into account the individual reaction, as well as the dynamics of blood pressure when exposed to certain groups of points, and the most favorable of them should be used for repeated exposures. It is not recommended to carry out acupressure on your own in case of cerebrovascular accident and other complications of hypertension.

Most often, massage of the following points is used to treat hypertension.

3.36 - Zu-san-li.

9.b-Nei-guan.

4.6 - San yin chiao.

The point affects both the maximum (systolic) and minimum (diastolic) blood pressure and is one of the most important in the treatment of hypertension.

2.11 - Qu-chi.

3.44 - Nei-ting ("Lower Hall"). The point is located between the heads of the II and III metatarsal bones. This is where the dorsal artery and dorsal nerve are located. The point is used for diseases of the stomach, small intestine, oral mucosa, headache, inflammatory diseases of the joints of the feet, sleep disorders.

2.15 - Jianyu (“shoulder bed”). The point is located above the shoulder joint, between the acromial process of the scapula and the greater tubercle of the humerus and corresponds to the cavity formed during passive abduction of the arm. The location of the point corresponds to the middle of the deltoid muscle.

Point massage is recommended for diseases of the upper limbs, radiculitis, shoulder plexitis, neuritis, arthritis and arthrosis of the shoulder joint. The point is part of the collar zone, which is why it is used for autonomic disorders, pathology of the small pelvis.

12.14 - Qi-men 403].

5.7 - Shen-men. Point massage is carried out with a decrease in appetite, pain in the region of the heart, paroxysmal tachycardia of a neurogenic nature. The impact on this point is especially indicated for neurosis, depression, anxiety, fear, memory loss and attention.

1 and 5-Jiu-wei.

9.7 - Da-ling ("Big Hill"). The point is located in the middle of the wrist fold in the area of the wrist joint, between the tendons of the long palmar muscle and the radial flexor of the hand. The median nerve passes at the location of the point.

The point affects the maximum (systolic) blood pressure.

Acupressure for osteochondrosis of the spine

All points are shown in the pictures (see the article general about acupressure)

Osteochondrosis is one of the most common diseases of the ligamentous-articular apparatus. The development of the disease is associated with a sedentary and sedentary lifestyle, poor posture, excessive. The use of acupressure at home can be an effective tool in the treatment of this disease.

Before starting a massage session, it is advisable to use universal points that are used when various diseases:

3.36 (Tzu-san-ly). Then you should start massaging the points located on the meridian of the bladder. All of them are located on the back.

7.22 - San-jiao-shu. The point is symmetrical, located 1.5 cun away from the depression under the spinous process of the 1st lumbar vertebra.

7.23 - Shen-shu. The point is used in the treatment of kidney disease, pain in the lumbar region, menstrual disorders, hearing loss, diabetes, hemorrhoids and intestinal colic.

7.24 - Chi-hai-shu.

7.25 - Da-chan-shu.

7.26 - Kuan-yuan-shu. The location of the point is the same as 7.25 (Da-chan-shu), just under the 5th lumbar vertebra.

7.60 - Kun-lun ("The name of the mountain in Tibet"). The point is located in the middle of the depression between the center of the outer ankle and the calcaneal tendon, at the level of the top of the ankle. Refers to points of general action. The location of the point corresponds to that of the peroneus brevis, posterior ankle artery, and sural nerve.

Point massage is indicated for headaches, dizziness, pain in the neck, back, lower back, diseases of the pelvic organs, arterial hypertension, neuroses and insomnia.

13.4 - Ming-men ("Gate of life"). The point is located directly between the spinous processes of the 2nd and 3rd lumbar vertebrae. In this area are the posterior branches of the lumbar artery and the posterior branches of the lumbar plexus.

The point is massaged for headaches, radicular pain syndrome of lumbar localization, neuroses, especially those combined with insomnia, asthenic conditions, hemorrhoids, intestinal colic, dysfunction of the pelvic organs.

Acupressure for neurasthenia

Neurasthenia is one of the most common types of neurosis, which is manifested by increased excitability and irritability, combined with fatigue and exhaustion. A patient with neurasthenia quickly falls asleep, but also quickly wakes up from the slightest rustle, reactions of irritation, resentment and anger easily occur, but they are short-lived, as exhaustion sets in quickly. In some cases, neurasthenia is the result of mental overwork or the chronic effect of a psychotraumatic situation. There are two main forms of neurasthenia: a) hypersthenic, which is clinically manifested by symptoms of increased excitability, and b) hyposthenic, characterized by lethargy, apathy, and drowsiness. The choice of a formula for acupressure depends on the clinical manifestations of the disease and is determined by the leading pathological symptom. The principles of treatment of neurasthenia and the main points for acupressure are as follows.

13.14-Da-zhui.

7.60 - Kun-lun.

13.20 - Bai-hui.

2.11 - Qu-chi.

In the case of pronounced tearfulness, emotional instability, a good effect has an effect on the following points.

2.4-He-gu. 7.10 - Tian-chzhu 399].

7.15 Gao-huang.

7.34 - Xia-lyao. The point is located below the waist, above the 4th sacral foramen.

14.4 - Guan yuan. The point is located in the midline below the navel by 3 cun.

Insomnia

If you suffer from insomnia, instead of using sleeping pills, we recommend massaging the following points before going to bed.

4.6 - San-yin-chiao.

5.7 - Shen-men. 7.10 - Tian-chzhu 399]. 9.6 - Nei-guan. 11.20-Feng-chi. .Ш4-Da-zhui,"es":["LWViGgS4dBg","LWViGgS4dBg","9RW7IBk3Cic"],"pt":["MElTai3kOaA","s1VpOtntPeE","7z-9c1BX2Ls","MElTai3kOaA"]," fr":["qIQqO4KazpA","IEznxscAI6g"],"it":["mSupjQpI-4U","F9y9MQ4FQXk"],"bg":["gFE8UGMIht4"],"cs":["cTvw22ZL9ps"]," pl":["q7KZf4kZNa4","lS1Nic2WWjk"],"ro":["zzWY9X-ZksA"],"lt":["e070IZ0QCbc"],"el":["NmGek1hYOCY","H-f9nAHa7aY"] )

Svetlana Markova

Beauty is like a precious stone: the simpler it is, the more precious!

Content

Chinese medicine uses points on the human body to lose weight. Active weight loss can be achieved with acupuncture. According to the teachings of the ancient sages, the human body is like an atlas in the form of a crystal with 365 points lying on 12 meridians and faces. The energy of life Qi flows through the channels. By influencing the energy passage zones, one can achieve health improvement, weight loss and elimination of ailments.

What are weight loss points

Among the many areas of the body responsible for health and energy storage, acupuncture points for weight loss stand apart. By pressing on them according to the rules or by doing acupuncture, you can achieve a decrease in appetite, weight loss and normalization of the work of the digestive department. There are several points for losing weight. When you press them, metabolism is activated, blood circulation and digestion improve, fat is broken down.

Acupuncture for weight loss at home can lower the concentration of glucose in the blood, stabilize the functions of internal organs. By clicking on the weight loss zones, a person receives the hormone of happiness, forgetting about hunger. Impact on the centers of the body with a needle or self-massage helps to reduce weight, the increase of which is caused by the following reasons:

excess food intake;
hormonal disbalance;
low physical activity;
stress, depression;
sleep disorders;
chronic fatigue, emotional burnout.

In addition to losing weight, exposure to acupuncture gives a person the following benefits:

improving the condition of the whole organism;
not limited by age;
compatible with massage, gymnastics, diet;
safely.

At the same time, body reflexology has a number of contraindications, in which exposure is dangerous:

the first trimester of pregnancy and immediately after childbirth;
nervous excitement;
tumors;
blood diseases;
rheumatism;
pulmonary, heart failure.

Acupuncture points on the human body

In order for the massage points on the human body to work for weight loss, you need to look for them correctly and act on them. The cun, which is equal to the width of the first phalanx of the thumb, is adopted as a measuring unit of distance in therapy. To avoid inconvenience in the difference in the width of the fingers in different people, men and women, one cun is considered equal to 2.4 cm.

Experts identify from 12 to 20 zones that promote weight loss. Among them, Tai Chun is considered to be famous, pressing on which, in addition to weight loss, cleanses the liver and removes toxins from it. Most of the points are located on the auricles - they control appetite and are responsible for metabolic processes. The slimming zone is located in front of the protruding cartilage on the ear. Tragus should be pinched for about three minutes to dull the feeling of hunger.

Other Special Interest Areas:

San-yin-jayu - removes swelling on the legs, gives a person the opportunity to lose weight, get rid of toxins and toxins. It is located 3 cun above the protruding tibia bone.
Yin-ling-quan - in combination with the first removes excess weight. Located on the crease in the bend of the knee. For a greater effect, you need to hit the biopoint with the fist of the opposite hand 30 times.
Bai Hui - able to save a person from excess weight on the background of chronic fatigue. Located on the top of the head, for the effect, press with the pad of your finger for five seconds.
Dai-mai - stimulating it controls appetite, removes overeating from emotional burnout, burns fat from the abdomen and waist. It is located between the extreme rib and pelvic bones at the waist in line with the navel.
Feng Shi - eliminates fat from the thighs, is important for the normalization of sleep. You can find it on the outer femoral side at the level of the tips of the middle fingers of the outstretched hand.

Acupressure

Correct exposure and a certain stimulation time require acupressure for weight loss, or Su-jok. Each point has its own method of pressing - with a finger, pads or a fist. Following the scheme, you can achieve impressive results. For a week, the feeling of hunger decreases, a person eats little. In addition to losing weight, you can get rid of other diseases.

12 active points for weight loss

The most famous are 12 active points for weight loss, located on different parts of the body. If you follow the method, you will be able to lose weight by tapping on them. Each area requires its own exposure time - from five seconds to a couple of minutes. It is better to massage on an empty stomach in the morning or in the evening, you need to relax and calm down in advance.

Tai Chun

The top of the tide, or the Tai Chun point, in addition to losing weight, is responsible for the liver channel and getting rid of insomnia. It is located on the back of the foot, in the deepest place between the joints of the first toes. To stimulate, sit down, inhale deeply, exhale and press on the skin, holding in the starting position for five seconds. Do 30 times, switch to the other leg.

Guan Yuan

The most famous is the Guan Yuan zone, the stimulation of which allows you to achieve weight loss. In women, it is located three cun below the navel, in men - four. For the effect, lie down, relax your stomach, massage the area with uniform, medium-speed movements for half an hour twice a day. Soon a person feels that he is losing his appetite, losing 3-5 kg in a course of 25 days. It is better to carry out manipulations in the morning before meals. Instead of using fingers, it is allowed to take a massager or a smooth object with a rounded end.

The best results can be obtained by dieting and exercising. In addition to weight loss, the point is important in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. With hormonal problems and weight gain, stimulation is different - stand up straight, put your feet on your shoulders. Inhale deeply, exhaling, tighten your stomach, bend your legs, tilt your head. Squeeze intensely with your thumb, after four seconds, ease the tension, return to the original stance. Repeat 30 times. There is an option to press with the bases of closed palms.

Nei Guan

The inner border, or Nei Kuan, is responsible for the pericardial canal, located on the threshold of the shoulder 2 cun from the crease of the wrist, between the tendons. To stimulate, stand up straight, inhale, stretch your arms up. Exhale, stretch your hands to the chest line, press hard, release after two seconds. Repeat 30 times and then on the other side. Stimulation helps to get rid of stress, mental tension, overeating. In addition, it relieves headaches, eliminates discomfort in the heart, chest areas, abdomen, and improves mood.

Da Zhui

A solitary asymmetric zone is Da Zhui, which lies between the processes of the extreme thoracic and cervical vertebrae. To detect, place the middle finger with the index finger over the vertebrae, move your head and find a point between them. Sit down, tilt your head slightly, massage for a few minutes. Stimulation relieves hunger, reduces muscle tension.

Lao Gong

The most accessible and easy to detect is the Lao Gong zone, located in the middle of the palm (its deepest place). Exposure to massage for five minutes daily in the clockwise direction will help normalize the functions of the digestive tract, reduce appetite. By reducing the volume of food consumed, a person loses weight by 1.5-2 kg per month.

Shao Shan

The complex of massage for weight loss includes the Shao Shan point, located at the thumb near the nail. You can find it like this: measure from the outside of the finger 1/10 cun (3 mm) from the growth line of the nail plate. It is recommended to press on the area daily for a couple of minutes with a force of medium intensity. The touch will be painful, in addition to losing weight, it relieves the common cold and diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Zi Gong

Zi Gong will help to cope with excess weight caused by hormonal changes. It is located outside the channels, has a symmetrical pair, is located 4 cun down from the navel plus 3 cun in both directions. To stimulate, stand up straight, place your feet on your shoulders, bend your knees. Put your hands on your waist, squeeze the areas with your thumbs, perform circular rotations of the hips 30 times in a clockwise direction. Keep a small amplitude, repeat against the direction of the arrow. You can do 2-3 sets per day. This massage is effective for infertility.

Zu San Li

The Zu San Li point is considered the most bioactive. With daily massage of the site for a third of an hour a day, a person achieves a loss of 400 g per week. It is located under the knee, for impact, grab it with your palm, with the pad of your ring finger, feel for a small recess under the cup, massage. Massage clockwise in circles 9 times one leg, then the other.

During the process, not the most pleasant tingling is felt on the forehead, in the shoulder blades and legs, but after completion, lightness comes. Before going to bed, point massage is not recommended, as well as too strong actions - energy is lost. In addition to improving digestion and losing excess weight caused by constant depression, the effect increases immunity, eliminates osteochondrosis, and convulsions.

Gian Ging

In the area of the articulation of the shoulders and neck from the back is the Gian Jing zone, which is responsible for controlling appetite. It must be stimulated strictly for a minute, then go to the parallel arm. Daily exposure in a complex scheme with similar points helps a person lose weight by a couple of kilograms per month. Massage should be of medium intensity, do not press hard.

Feng Chi

At overweight body, which appeared due to menopause, the Feng Chi point is massaged. The site is located in the middle of the depression on the back of the head up from the hairline to the cun. To massage, fold your fingers in a cross, massage in a circle 9 times inward and the same outward. Move the brushes to the front of the neck under the cheeks of the face, stroke with four fingers, release. During the process, a pull or radiation is felt when exposed to a small force. In addition to losing weight, massage helps to get rid of headaches, dizziness, weakness.

Yu Pe

The effective point of Yu Pe is responsible for the nerve endings in the saturation section of the brain. It is located in the center between the joints of the elbow and shoulder of the outer surface of the arm. It should be acted upon with light circular movements for half a minute, constantly changing hands. If you feel hungry, stimulation will allow you to forget about it, although it will be a little painful in sensations.

Tian Shu

The last popular area on the human body for weight loss is called the Tian Shu point, which lies in the navel region for two cuns on each side of it. Stimulation is carried out for a minute with the index finger, pad or smooth massager. To reduce weight by 2-5 kg per month, massage daily for three weeks.

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Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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Points on the human body for weight loss

There are a lot of biologically active points on the human body, which, with a properly performed massage, give positive results for a person’s well-being and health. Massage effects on them affect human health, since each point is responsible for the organs due to the presence of a cluster of nerve endings.

In the process of acupressure, the nervous system is activated, which leads to the launch of the body's natural recovery functions. Treatment can be carried out with a disease of a large number of organs.

These include the organs of vision, digestion, hearing, the genitourinary system of men and women, respiration and the cardiovascular system. The points responsible for all organs of the human body are located in the same way, but for each person they can be responsible for different organs.

The tissue structure in the biologically active zone is not built in a standard way and has the shape of a regular grid. All types of cells are connected into peculiar formations - clusters of cells.

Biologically active points are mast cells that secrete substances that affect nerve fibers. This is where the immediate irritation of these areas occurs. Also, points on the body can change their size depending on the actions of a person. In a state of fatigue, they narrow, respectively, in the vigor mode - they expand.

The basis of therapeutic massage is the impact on biologically active zones to restore the balance of all systems in the body, relieve nervous tension and increase tone.

Massage treatment is accompanied by a number of advantages in comparison with modern medicine:

does not cause irritable and painful sensations;
can be used even with high skin sensitivity;
can affect almost all painful organs of the body, including for the prevention of the body and for weight loss;
treatment without the risk of aggravating diseases, since infections and damage to the skin are excluded;
improvement in health after the first sessions.

Contraindications for the procedure

The method of stimulation of active points is prohibited during the active phase of tuberculosis, with blood diseases, neoplasms and tumors, stomach diseases in the acute stage, as well as with exhaustion of the body. Acupressure may not necessarily be performed by a specialist. This can be done by anyone who knows the location of the points and their relationship with the organs.

Impact rules

During the massage, you must follow a number of rules:

The acupressure system is determined for each patient individually.
In the case of applying acupressure to a specific organ, the state of other organs should be taken into account. In particular, closely located organs with the one being treated.
The procedure must be performed using the techniques established for each point separately.

Before conducting acupuncture massage, you must first determine where the points on the human body that are responsible for the organs are located.

To find biologically active zones, you need to press with your fingertips on different parts of the skin. When a point is detected, these actions will cause some numbness of the zone and some discomfort.

Massage technique

To carry out the self-massage procedure, you need to keep your hands warm. To do this, it will be enough to rub them against each other. Pressing on the acupuncture zones should be moderate, so that there is a feeling of pressure, but at the same time, discomfort and pain are not experienced.

The impact on the active zones should be stimulating.

The pressure technique has its differences depending on the treatment. In case of relaxation of the nervous system, you should press the points continuously. It is necessary to make rotational movements and gradually increase the pressure with the stop of the fingertip in the active zone. This procedure should be repeated up to 5 times, constantly returning to the starting position for 5 minutes.

To increase the tone and excite the body, pressure on the point should be carried out with short and strong movements, at the end the finger must be sharply removed. This technique should be carried out 2 times for 30 seconds.

In order for self-massage to be carried out with maximum benefit, it must be carried out in a comfortable position on a relaxed body.

The location of points on the human body for the treatment of the digestive system

The removal of toxins and toxins from the digestive organs is done by pressing on specific biologically active points on the body. The points on the human body that are responsible for the digestive organs are located on the bend of the elbow and the outer side of the forearm. To start the massage, you need to hold the elbow with your other hand and moderately press with your thumb.

For colic and constipation

To relieve pain and discomfort due to constipation or colic, there are several zones.

The main number of points responsible for these painful areas is concentrated on the legs:

The point can be found on the inside of the leg, just below the knee at the corner of the tibia.
There is also a zone on the outer side of the leg 5-7 cm below the knee bend.
On the big toe on the corner of the nail, from the side of the index finger. You can also do self-massage in the navel area, starting from it 5 cm to the left or right.

Acupressure points on the abdomen should be done only with the index fingers.

For diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting

Malfunctions in the digestive system occur due to poor nutrition, fatigue or stress. Treatment of diseases of the digestive tract is carried out with the help of drugs, aggravating health.

The location of the point is indicated in the navel, 3 cm from any side of it. To massage, you need to put your palm on your stomach and press your fingers on the point. For best result It is recommended to close your eyes, relax your body and breathe deeply.

With poor appetite

Points for improving the functioning of metabolism are located on the ears and there are about 200 pieces.
There is also a point called "Appetite". It is located in the ear shell in the middle of the tragus. To improve appetite, it needs to be stimulated as often as possible.

Atlas of points on the human body for the treatment of vision

Location of points
On the head in frontal places	All eye diseases, headache, dizziness
On the head in the inner corners of the eyes	Sharpness of vision, edema, photophobia
On the head in the deepening of the inner edge of the eyebrows	All eye diseases
On the outside of the hand at the junction of the thumb and forefinger	All eye diseases

When performing acupressure of the eyes, you need to be extremely careful and press on the necessary points with low pressure.

The basic rule of self-massage for eye health is to do no harm. It is necessary to gently touch the biologically active points and feel them. In case of discomfort or overwork, the procedure should be stopped.

Eye massaging can be done in several ways. You can use vibrating or kneading movements with the palms of your hands or gentle strokes. Using this technique, it is important to perform the procedure carefully and only with warm hands.

Respiratory treatment

The points on the human body that are responsible for the respiratory organs contribute to healing from cough, bronchitis and other diseases associated with the throat and respiratory tract. The location of the points responsible for the respiratory organs is located throughout the body. They are on the head, neck, chest, arms and legs.

With a cold

You can also treat a runny nose with acupressure. However, treatment will be effective only in the initial stage of the disease.

The main thing is to choose the right points and the right massage technique.

Contraindications for the procedure should be taken into account:

body temperature over 37 degrees;
pregnancy;
all diseases associated with the heart;
skin diseases and irritants;
at the location of the point on the mole.

Massage is done by tapping. It is necessary to bend the thumb on the hand and tap on the required point with a bend. The procedure time is 30 seconds. Self-massage should be done slowly, with warm hands, in circular motions.

When coughing

Before starting the massage, as in previous cases, it is necessary to find the location of the active zones.

Acupressure should be performed until the skin becomes red or there is a feeling of discomfort and pain.

For bronchitis and pneumonia

With the help of acupressure, you can quickly and painlessly recover from pneumonia or bronchitis. The most important thing is to find the right points on the human body. Their main location is the throat, legs, shoulder blades and arms.

Massage should be carried out with gentle strokes and pressure with your fingertips, but only vertically and evenly along the line. This procedure must be carried out every day.

Contraindications:

hypertension;
cancer tumor;
blood disease;
tuberculosis;
stomach ulcer.

For asthma

The method of treatment can be used not only for treatment, but also for the prevention of chronic respiratory disease, asthma. The basis of acupressure here is the restoration of the respiratory tract and the improvement of blood circulation. Massage in this case can be done using different techniques. That is, you can stroke, press, rub and knead.

Biologically active points on the human body responsible for the respiratory system. Help with asthma

The procedure must be performed lying on a flat surface without a pillow.

With shortness of breath

This procedure is preventive and is used in several biologically active zones. The first point is located under the thyroid gland in the region of the collarbone. Massage is required to be carried out by pressing up to 2 minutes. It is recommended to do one session daily.

The second point is in the center of the crown. The method of treatment is the same as at the first point - pressure. In both cases, you need to quickly and with small breaks press on the right points, every day in the morning.

When quitting smoking

In such a situation, it is best to apply point therapy at the time of great need to smoke.

Atlas of points on the human body for the treatment of the genitourinary system

The points on the human body that are responsible for the organs of the genitourinary system are standardly located on the back, face, chest, abdomen and legs.

Location of points	Treatment of organs and diseases
In the oral cavity, in the middle of the labial furrow	Genitourinary system, headache, pain in the lower jaw
On the back under the process of the second lumbar vertebra	Urinary incontinence, diarrhea, headaches
On the abdomen in the navel, 1 cm above	Urinary incontinence, difficulty urinating, abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea
On the leg in the middle of the bend of the bent knee

With cystitis

Inflammation of the bladder is most effectively treated with acupressure and traditional treatment. It is possible to cure even chronic cystitis. The required point is on the leg, between the large and index fingers and. The point should be pressed with the thumb for 2 minutes, observing the respiratory rhythm.

There are several more points for the treatment of cystitis. One of them is located above the ankle bone at a distance of 6 cm, the second is on a bent knee, in the area of the bend of the bone.

With prostatitis

For the treatment of this type of disease, there is one point located on the posterior edge of the tibia. In the active phase of the disease, the point must be massaged clockwise for 2 minutes, in the morning, afternoon and evening.

For chronic prostatitis, you need to massage clockwise for 20 seconds, only once a day. With daily sessions, the course of treatment is two weeks. For best results, the course must be synchronized with therapeutic exercises.

For urinary incontinence

Violation of the bladder contraction reaction is treated with acupressure. Biologically active zones for the prevention of the disease are located in the lumbar region, in the lower abdomen, in the bladder area, and also on the back of the neck, where the occipital bone is located.

With congestion in the liver and gallbladder

To avoid discomfort and pain during the treatment of the liver, the procedure must be carried out very carefully. The full course of treatment should not exceed 20 sessions.

The massage itself is carried out by circular strokes around the navel, at the end of the session, the stomach is massaged by hand and pressed with four fingers in the area of the abdominal wall.

Massage for hearing loss

The procedure is carried out strictly with three fingers: thumb, index and middle. Massage should be very gentle to a slight feeling of pressure. If the procedure is performed correctly, the patient will feel much better.

It is also worth considering that for the best result, the patient needs to relax physically and mentally. He should be calm, with positive thoughts. The points are located in the area of the temples, between the eyebrows, in the center of the chin and behind the ear.

Atlas of points on the human body for the treatment of the heart and blood vessels

The points on the human body that are responsible for the cardiac system bring amazing results when used correctly. The organs of the cardiovascular system are treated with points located on the head, chest and arms.

Location of points	Treatment of organs and diseases
On the head, in the center of the crown	Dizziness, tinnitus
On the chest near the nipples	Hypertension
On the arm in the middle of the wrist crease	Heart pain, palpitations, insomnia
On the foot on the calcaneal tendon	Heart palpitations
On the chest between the pectoral and deltoid muscles	Pain in the chest

With arrhythmia

Arrhythmia can be with an accelerated heartbeat and slow. In medicine, this is called tachycardia and bradycardia.

In the daily life of people, this is the most significant violation of the cardiovascular system, but this is a violation of the functioning of the main human organ, so it is worth doing prevention with acupressure to improve the functioning of the heart and other organs in order to avoid aggravating their performance.

To start treatment, you need to take the correct position: sit on a chair and align your back exactly vertically, put your right hand on the lower abdomen, palm up, right hand start pressing on the left using your thumb. It is necessary to carry out massaging within 5 minutes.

Massage with tachycardia should be started with light touches, gradually increasing the pressure. In the case of bradycardia, the opposite is true, you must initially press with a large but moderate pressure. With a slow heartbeat, you can use vibrating movements, but not more than 2 times a day for 30 seconds.

With cardineurosis, palpitations, yeast in the hands

With hypertension

Location of points	Treatment of organs and diseases
On the head at the edge of the eyebrow	Headache with hypertension
On the head in the middle between the eyebrows	Dizziness with hypertension
On the chest between the navel and nipples	hyperlimia
On the arm in the middle of the crook of the wrist	Hypotension
On the head in the center of the crown	Hypertension
On the head, in the region of the carotid artery	Hypertension

With increased pressure, treatment should be carried out by taking the right position: sit on a chair and relax.

With vegetative-vascular dystonia

With dystonia, you should press on the point with your thumb, which is located in the middle of the foot. You need to perform it 2 times a day every day.

For hypotension (low blood pressure)

Reduced pressure is treated with points located on the little finger of the hand. With the nail of the thumb, press the edge of the nail of the little finger, sandwiched between the thumb and forefinger. This procedure is recommended to be carried out in a state of lethargy, in the morning. Massage should be carried out for 30 seconds, 5 times per session.

Finding points and mastering the technique of acupressure is the way to a healthy body, a constant surge of strength and a cheerful mood. Since there are hundreds of them on the human body, at least one zone will certainly be responsible for the treatment of each organ.

Acupressure is a universal treatment method that came to us from our ancestors. Due to its uniqueness and extensive positive effects on the body, it is becoming increasingly popular in the modern world.

Article formatting: Mila Fridan

Video about the points on the human body responsible for the organs

7 active points on the foot:

Press these points on the palm of your hand:

Acupressure

Rice. 37. The position of the fingers and hands when performing acupressure techniques

Mechanism of physiological action

Relatively low electrical resistance;

Increased value of electrical potential;

High skin temperature;

Increased infrared radiation;

Absorption of oxygen.

TA is a collection of nerve elements and vascular plexuses located at different depths from the skin surface.

Scheme 5. mechanisms of physiological action of acupressure

In reflex massage, both local and distant TAs are often used: in total, about 260 corporal TAs, that is, located on the head, trunk and limbs, and more than 50 located on the auricle (auricular). Among the corporal TA are:

local(local) - located directly in the affected area or close to it;

segmental - located in the areas of segmental innervation of the spinal cord; impact on them affects certain parts of the body or internal organs that receive innervation from these segments (for example, the use of points of the collar zone is indicated for lesions of the head and upper limbs, and TA of the lumbosacral region for diseases of the lower limbs and pelvic organs);

broad spectrum points massaged with lesions of various organs and both local and distant parts of the body; many of them have a specialized effect: TA G14 he-gu and E36 zu-san-li - analgesic, F2 xing-jian and F3 tai-chun - antispasmodic, etc.;

along the meridians(mainly in the distal parts of the limbs), which have a directed effect on certain organs and systems.

Table 6

The main points for massaging with pathological foci of various localization (according to Meng, 1981)

TA localization is determined in the corresponding areas of the body on conditional topographic lines according to certain anatomical landmarks (folds, pits, bony protrusions accessible for palpation, etc.), supplemented by dividing each area into individual segments.

The measurement of segments is made using the unit cun. There are the following types of tsuna:

Finding (palpation) BAT.

The emergence of the patient's "foreseen sensations" aches, numbness, dull, non-intense, bursting pain. And sometimes shooting pain and "crawling" that spread in one or more directions.

When the massage therapist finds BAP under the fingers, a feeling of failure into an oval hole filled with soft dough-like contents with dense walls.

During palpation, one should strictly adhere to a certain line, without moving to neighboring meridians.

Rice. 38. individual cun (quoted by Dubrovsky V.N.)

Rice. 39. Projection lines and proportional segments of various parts of the body, adopted in reflexology (diagram): left- front surface of the body; on right- posterior surface of the body

Rice. 40. Lines and topography of points on the upper limbs: a- palmar surface; b- back surface

Rice. 41. Lines and topography of points of the anterior (a), rear (b) and internal (in) leg surface

Rice. 42. Lines and topography of points on the back (a), on the chest and abdomen (b)

Meridian - it is a functioning system that connects the higher nerve centers with acupuncture points and various internal organs for energy transfer, ensuring the coordinated work of all body systems. Meridians are usually indicated by conditional lines connecting the BAP. In ancient Eastern medicine, 12 paired and 2 unpaired main meridians are divided. These ideas were significantly supplemented by the discovery by the German specialist R. Voll in the 1950s of 8 more paired meridians and BAPs (Table 7).

Table 7

List of meridian names (according to R. Voll)

* Meridians discovered by R. Voll.

Meridians (channels), like all organs of the body, are divided into "YANG" and "YIN".

The meridians that connect the parenchymal organs and run along the inner side surfaces of the body are YIN meridians.

The meridians that run along the outer side surfaces of the body and connect the hollow organs are Yang meridians.

According to the peculiarities of the "route" and the nature of the internal organs, the main meridians are divided as follows.

The task of the YANG channels is to transfer energy to the YIN organs.

Yang channels correspond to energy producers: a) stomach, large and small intestines; b) gallbladder; c) the bladder; d) the channel of the "three heaters" (endocrine system).

The task of the YIN channels is to accumulate energy and preserve it.

The YIN channels correspond to organs - “treasures” (energy stores) - lungs, spleen, pancreas, liver, kidneys, heart.

ATTENTION!

All YIN channels and YANG channels are interconnected, follow each other in a certain order and form a cyclic system for each half of the body.

In accordance with the ideas about the daily rhythms of the circulation of vital energy in the body, which successively passes through all organs, each organ has its own hours of maximum and minimum activity (Table 8). In this case, the inhibitory effect on the excited organ is best done by acting on the points of the corresponding meridian during the hours of its maximum activity, and the stimulating effect - during the hours of minimum activity. In addition, organs that are in oppositely conjugated relationships have a calming effect on each other when one of them is stimulated during the period of maximum activity and a tonic effect when it is inhibited.

Table 8

Daily mode of meridian activity

All organs, and consequently, the meridians corresponding to them, are in a certain relationship, exerting a stimulating (creative) or inhibitory (destructive) effect on each other. Based on the philosophical ideas about the five primary elements that make up the whole world and man, in particular, and referring each organ to a specific element, these relationships were represented as follows (Fig. 43).

Rice. 43. Functional relationships between meridians (scheme). Solid lines show creative connections, dotted lines - destructive ones.

For an appropriate stimulating or inhibitory effect on the organ (meridian), it is recommended to act on the standard points of the meridians - the main (tonic and sedative) and auxiliary (accomplice point, stabilizing, sympathetic, herald point) (Table 9).

Table 9

Standard meridian points

Note. The meridian of the three parts of the body has 4 herald points: common - VC5; respiration VC17, digestion - VC12, urogenital functions - VC7.

toning point is located on the main meridian and has a stimulating effect on the organs associated with it (meridians) when exposed to it by an exciting (weak) method of irritation.

sedative point is located on the main meridian and has an inhibitory effect on the organs associated with it (meridians) when exposed to strong stimulation methods (Table 10).

Table 10

Tonic and sedative points

Helper Point It is also located on the main meridian and serves to enhance the inhibitory or tonic effect on the organs (meridians), exerted by influencing the first two points (Table 11).

Table 11

Helper points (sources)

Stabilizing (gateway) points(lo-points). These points, like a valve, regulate the transfer of energy from one meridian to another if its balance is disturbed in one of them. Lo-points are ordinary, group and general. The ordinary lo-point is located on its own meridian and regulates the functions of organs in paired channels: the heart - the small intestine; liver - gallbladder; kidneys - bladder, etc. Balancing the energy balance between the meridians is carried out either by inhibition lo- point of the excited meridian, or excitation of the lo-point of the weakened meridian (Table 12).

Table 12

Ordinary lo-points

Sympathy Point located on the "bladder meridian", on its first branch on the back, approximately at a distance equal to the thickness of two fingers, laterally from the dorsal midline. The point is stimulated in the treatment of chronic diseases, spastic conditions and convulsions (Table 13).

Table 13

Empathy Points

dot herald, or alarm point, located on the front (ventral) side of the body, most often on the meridian of its body or near it. An alarm point can be arbitrarily sensitive, and sometimes even very painful (especially in chronic diseases of an organ that is of particular importance in relation to this meridian). The appearance of spontaneous pain at the alarm point is a signal of a developing disease (Table 14).

Table 14

Alarm points

In some cases, points of inflow and outflow (Jing) and the point of "accumulation" are used (Tables 15 and 16).

Table 15

Points of inflow and outflow (Jing)

Table 16

Points of "accumulation"

When choosing an AT, it is necessary to take into account the multi-segment nature of the innervation of organs, as well as the fact that individual parts of the same organ can be innervated by nerves of different segmental affiliation (Table 17).

Table 17

Innervation of some internal organs and acupuncture points recommended for their pathology

The basic techniques of acupressure

? Stroking- circular plane movements: a) continuous movements (braking technique); b) energetic intermittent movements (stimulating technique). It is carried out with the fingertips, the edge of the palm, the supporting part, depending on the location of the points and the area of \u200b\u200bthe painful area. The direction of movement is circular (counterclockwise) or arcuate (in different directions. Reception refers to the braking effect if the pressure is applied with sufficient force (stroking gradually turns into friction): when stroking with light pressure, at which the intended sensations are almost not expressed - reception refers to the stimulating effect.

? Linear stroke perform with the pad of the first finger, the crest and the back surface of the nail phalanx (reverse stroke) or in one direction with the pad, in the other - with the back surface of the nail phalanx, with the pads of several fingers in different directions. This is a stimulating method.

? intermittent pressure carried out with pads of I or several fingers perpendicular to the massaged surface. You can use the crest of the third finger, elbow, palm with weights. The pressure should be strong (until a feeling of pronounced warmth appears). Reception refers to the braking effect (Fig. 44).

? pinching. The massage therapist grabs the crease in the TA area with one or two fingers and applies strong pressure (until severe hyperemia appears). Reception refers to the braking effect (Fig. 45).

? Rotation perform with fingers, palm, palm edge with a frequency of 50-60 movements per minute and with a depth of penetration into the tissue up to the muscles. Stimulating method - the impact is made with light pressure.

Rice. 44. Intermittent pressure: a) thumb and b) one finger over the other

Rice. 45. Pinching technique performed with two fingers

? tapping or patting is carried out with the edge of the palm, fist, fingers gathered into a pinch or with the back of the fingers and hand (the blow is applied with the back surface of the metacarpophalangeal joints). This is a stimulating move.

? Vibration, performed with one or more fingers (nail phalanges), palm. The effort is short and strong, the pressure is combined with vibration and is performed perpendicular to the massaged surface. This is a brake method.

? Stretching and rotation. Used to massage the joints. The masseur with one hand fixes the proximal segment of the limb (above the joint), with the other - bend the limb in this joint, causing tension in the periarticular tissues (passive movements) (Fig. 46).

Oriental acupressure manuals distinguish, in addition to the above techniques, three main techniques - rotation, vibration and pressure.

Rice. 46. Pull and rotate method

Rotation is carried out with the pads of the I-III fingers or the lateral surface of the I finger, the back surface of the middle phalanges. The reception has three phases:

screwing- circular movements of the fingers or other massaging surface should not be accompanied by sliding over the skin; pressure force should increase gradually;

fixation- at the reached depth, the rotational movements of the finger stop. At the same depth and with the same pressure, the finger is left (for 7–12 s);

unscrewing- slow return of the finger or other massaging surface to its original position (pressure force gradually decreases).

ATTENTION!

At the end of the reception, the finger is not taken away from the skin - the massage therapist must immediately begin the 1st phase of the next cycle.

The pressure is the pad of the first finger; the reception can also be performed with weights - the distal phalanx of the first finger of the other hand is superimposed on the massaging finger crosswise. The force of pressure depending on the technique may be different. Possibility of use of tools with spherical tips is allowed.

Vibration is carried out by oscillatory movements on the surface of the TA or on a larger surface with the pads of one or more fingers, elevation of the first finger, palm. It is carried out: continuous vibration (without tearing off the finger from the tissues) and intermittent vibration - the massage therapist's hand after each movement comes off the massaged surface, and the movements are performed in the form of successive pushes (Kondrashov A. V. et al., 1999).

During the massage necessary:

Influence symmetrically located points. For example, in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, the Zu-san-li points on both limbs are combined;

Combined to influence the points of the upper and lower extremities. For example, a violation of the function of the stomach and intestines (points He-gu + Zu-san-li);

Influence the points of the front and back surface of the body. For example, in the treatment of osteochondrosis of the spine - Huan + Zu-san-li;

Combined impact on the points of the inner and outer surfaces of the limb. For example, points of the hand (Nei-guan + Wai-guan) or (Qui-chi + Shao-hai) to improve the therapeutic effect in paresis of the upper limb;

Determine the points located directly at the site of pain or violation of the organ. For example, in osteochondrosis of the spine, the Chshi-bian, Da-chang-shu, Bilyao points are affected;

During the full moon, massage using a sedative technique; during the new moon - according to the tonic method; after sunset - by a sedative method.

In the process of treatment, acupressure is carried out:

a) with inhibitory effect - daily; with stimulating - in 1-2 days;

b) at the first procedure, massage 3–4 TA, then their number is increased to 6–12 (with inhibitory effect) or 4–8 (with stimulating effect);

c) with a combination of acupressure and therapeutic massage, a smaller amount of massaged TA.

The course of treatment consists of 10–15 procedures for pain syndromes and stimulating effects and 15–20 procedures for inhibitory effects.

Indications for massage treatments. Massage is indicated for both adults and children older than 1 year.

Contraindications for the purpose of massage: malignant and benign neoplasms of any localization, acute febrile illnesses, active form of tuberculosis, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum (complications and tendency to bleeding), cachexia, damage to internal organs with severe disorders of their function, blood diseases, acute mental state excitement, pregnancy.

Periosteal massage

Periosteal massage is a type of acupressure and is performed on bone surfaces. The method was developed in 1928 by Volgler.

The effect of periosteal massage on the body:

Local increase in blood circulation;

Cell regeneration, especially periosteal tissues;

analgesic effect;

Reflex effect on organs connected by nerve pathways with the massaged surface of the periosteum;

Increasing the efficiency of cardiac activity;

Improved respiratory excursions;

Normalization of tone and excitation of peristaltic movements of the stomach.

Periosteal massage is characterized by a local effect on the periosteum, the ability to approach hard-to-reach layers of tissues that cannot be worked out during therapeutic or connective tissue massage, an intense and prolonged reflex effect on internal organs.

Massage technique. The position of the patient - lying on his back, on his stomach, on his side or sitting.

For better contact with the bone surface should be moved in the area of the treatment point (TP) soft tissues and especially the muscles. Massage is carried out with the tips or phalanx of the finger, carefully selecting the intensity of pressure in accordance with the individual characteristics of the patient (Fig. 47).

ATTENTION!

The strong irritant effect of periosteal massage is painful, but the patient should never experience discomfort.

By increasing the pressure with a finger, even a slight resistance of the tissue is determined, the massage therapist then makes circular movements in the LT zone with a finger. The diameter of the circle should not exceed 5 mm. Finger pressure is gradually reduced, but contact with the skin is not interrupted.

Rice. 47. Hand positions during periosteal massage

ATTENTION!

Small circular movements should not be boring.

Indications for a massage appointment. Massage is indicated for patients who, during a clinical examination, have distinct reflex or pain zones on the periosteum.

Contraindications for a massage appointment:

Tissue soreness;

Tumor process;

Severe osteomalacia;

Traumatic injuries of the musculoskeletal system (ODA), requiring rest.

The clinical signs of intolerance to this type of massage are primarily unpleasant sensations of pain and the onset of pronounced vegetative reactions, especially of the vasomotor type.

Choice of periosteal massage area:

Head (for headaches): spine of the scapulae, spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae, occipital bone, mastoid processes, zygomatic arch, forehead area between the eyebrows above the root of the nose.

Heart: I-VI ribs on the left, especially the anterior sections, sternum.

Gallbladder and bile ducts: right costal arch and sternum, including the xiphoid process, paravertebral sections of the ribs at the level of the middle of the shoulder blades.

Stomach and duodenum: costal arches on both sides, lower half of the sternum.

Pelvic organs: iliac crest, sacrum, IV and V lumbar vertebrae.

Spine: massage is carried out mainly over the transverse processes (in all segments) in the direction - from the head to the sacrum.

This text is an introductory piece.

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