Today, gonorrhea (the common name for such a disease as gonorrhea) is the most common variant. Hundreds of millions of people live with this disease all over the globe. It is not worth treating the gonorrhea on your own. After all, this can lead to adverse health consequences.

Transmission of gonorrhea

For the most part, the disease is transmitted sexually. In this regard, it is imperative to monitor the culture of your sexual behavior. Moreover, the infection can be infected with absolutely any type of intimate contact. It can be oral sex, genital type or even anal.

It is also possible to transfer gonorrhea from mother to fetus. True, most often this happens during the birth of a child. In this case, the eyes of the baby are very affected. When infected, a disease called gonoblenorrhea begins. It cannot be left unattended. Otherwise, the child will lose his sight forever.

In open space, gonococci (causative agents of gonorrhea) have the opportunity to live no more than 2-3 minutes. Sometimes this time is enough to catch the disease. It is possible to do this at home using one towel, bed linen or even underwear.

Due to the fact that gonorrhea affects the genital and urinary organs, the following diseases develop due to infection:

• Gonococcal cervicitis in women;
• Urethritis;
• cystitis in women;
• prostatitis in men;
• Orchitis (only in a strong part of humanity);
• gonorrheal conjunctivitis;
• Male epididymitis.

Gonorrhea. Symptoms in men

In young people, when infected, inflammation of the urinary tract most often occurs. It, in turn, is accompanied by a constant burning sensation. And when urinating, there is severe pain. Among other things, purulent nature can be observed.

Once the gonococcal infection reaches the prostate, the symptoms of gonorrhea will be different:

• Constant pain in the genital area;
• Significant weakening of erection.

This will indicate the development of prostatitis.

gonorrhea symptoms in women

Any signs of infection with gonorrhea in beautiful ladies begin to appear with the onset of the next menstruation. However, they can also occur independently. So, in women, too, there is a burning sensation in the genitals. It becomes especially strong when urinating. In this process, pain is also manifested. Vaginal discharge is very profuse and purulent. Those. have a yellowish color and a jelly-like consistency.

A few days after infection, women develop vulvovaginitis. And then the symptoms of gonorrhea intensify. There is a mucous membrane lining the genitals. In addition, strong A begins during sexual contact in women, unbearable pain occurs.

Effects

If you do not treat the symptoms of gonorrhea and the disease itself, then very dangerous diseases can develop. After all, the infection can spread higher and will threaten not only health, but also the life of the patient.

In women, gonorrhea leads to gonorrheal bartholinitis. In this case, it becomes inflamed, which leads to soreness of the genital organs and swelling of the labia majora. Gonococcal endometritis may also occur, i.e. This variant of the complication is affected by strong discharge of a purulent-bloody type and constant pain in the lower abdomen. I need to go to the gynecologist urgently. Otherwise, you can lose your life.

As a consequence, gonorrhea of ​​the fallopian tubes also develops. Signs of such a complication are a violation in the menstrual cycle, the appearance of pain during sexual contact. The disease can lead to infertility.

Finally, when the infection reaches the peritoneum, gonorrheal peritonitis develops. It is accompanied by high body temperature and ongoing pain in the lower abdomen. Any inflammatory disease caused by gonorrhea is treated under the strict supervision of a doctor. Unfortunately, in most cases, these ailments cause female infertility.

Untreated gonorrhea symptoms and the disease itself in men leads to inflammation of the seminiferous tubules. And this leads to the development of infertility. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to all the painful signs of sexually transmitted diseases in a timely manner and quickly seek help.

Symptoms, signs of gonorrhea in women and men. How to treat gonorrhea

Gonorrhea (gonorrhea or just tripak)- This is a common sexually transmitted disease that can threaten a person with a complication, if left untreated, and also be transmitted to a newborn child.

This disease was known even before the birth of Christ, it has long been identified with one of the stages. But only in the 30s of the 19th century, in France, Dr. Philippe Rikor, working at the Midi venereal disease hospital, concluded that gonorrhea existed as an individual disease.

Later, towards the end of the century, in 1879, the German physician Albert Neisser found the gonorrhea bacterium.

The entire genus of these bacteria (Neisseria) was named in his honor. It was Neisser who developed methods for treating this infectious disease.

What it is?

Gonorrhea- This is an infectious disease that affects mainly the human genitourinary system. Gonococcus bacteria colonize the mucous membranes of the genitourinary tract of men and women, as well as the rectum, nasopharynx and eyes. It all depends on the immunity and the stage at which the triper is located.

Gonococci are oval-shaped bacteria that live in pairs in the human body. Their size variation is about 0.8-1.2 microns. They are populated mainly in the cytoplasm of leukocytes of purulent secretions.

Chronic triper and exposure to various medications can cause a mutation of the gonococcus. Bacteria exist in capsule form and develop as a swarm-like community. In the external environment, when the temperature rises above 50 ° C, gonococci die instantly.

Bacteria are sensitive to penicillin antibiotics and streptomycins, but, over time, become resistant to them.

Causes and factors of the development of the disease

The cause of the disease is sexual contact of various kinds with an infected partner.

Percentage of infection men from a sick partner - about 35%, among women the probability of infection is higher - about 65%.

Since men have a longer urethra, they are more likely to flush bacteria with urine before the urethral mucosa is affected.

There is a possibility of infection of the child during childbirth from a sick mother and at home (using common hygiene products - washcloths, towels).

Especially, it concerns girls.

To a newborn baby, gonococci can penetrate in case of premature damage to the fetal membrane, when the fetus passes through the birth canal (the eyes or genitals of girls are infected). Often a child is born blind.

Tripper bacterium (triperok) quickly dies in the external environment, but feels great on the surface of mucous membranes and inside epithelial cells and leukocytes. Gonococcal infection is divided into several types according to the site of damage to body tissues:

• in the urinary system.
• in the rectum (or inflammation).
• in the knee joint (gonarthritis).
• in the eyes (purulent conjunctivitis or blennorrhea).
• inflammation in the pharynx ().

The incubation period, when gonorrhea is in a latent state, ranges from 1-2 days to a couple of weeks, sometimes up to 1 month. In men, the disease manifests itself faster.

Symptomsgonorrhea in men

In the first case, when the male genitourinary system is affected by gonococcal bacteria, copious purulent discharge from the urethra and pain during urination in the form of a burning sensation.

Unlike women, symptoms in men appear faster (cutting pain may bother you on the second day).

If triperny disease in men penetrates into the back of the urethra, the testes, epididymis and can be affected. In case of insufficient human immunity, the disease threatens to develop into (blood poisoning).

During the infection, acute urethrocystitis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the urethra and bladder) can develop. In this case, the symptoms intensify, blood may appear at the end of urination. If the patient is still affected, then his condition will worsen.

Tripper disease in men, in almost half of the cases, affects the rectum. The inflammatory process begins redness, growths, rash appear in the anus. After a bowel movement, there may be a burning sensation and slight bleeding.

The disease can develop independently or together with inflammation of the urethra. This infection appears as a result of oral-genital contacts of partners. In addition to the defeat of the pharynx, the tonsils and the entire oral cavity can be infected.

Inflammatory symptoms of the mucous membrane

Symptoms of pharyngitis are not very pronounced. Sometimes worried, pain and perspiration during swallowing.

When examined by a doctor, there may be swelling, a grayish coating in some parts of the oral cavity, an increase.

Gonococcal arthritis

Gonococcal arthritis usually affects those who have proctitis. The main signs of the disease are redness and swelling of the joints of the fingers, ankles, and wrists.

The disease is detected during the delivery of blood tests and joint fluid.

Signs and complications of chronic disease in men

At the stage of chronic gonorrhea, inflammatory processes are expressed in the following male organs:

• skin of the head of the penis and the inside of the foreskin (see photo above);
• cooper's gland;
• prostate;
• seminal vesicles;
• epididymis;

Signs of a chronic course of the disease are the gluing of the lips of the urethra in the morning, a slight discharge and a change in the epithelium of the urethra. Among the complications, it can also be noted.

Symptomsgonorrhea in the female half

In women, as in men, tripak acts on various organs and is invisible at the initial stage. The first signs of the disease in women can appear only after 1-2 weeks(see photo above). Tripper disease in its classic form provokes the following symptoms in women:

• small purulent whitish or grayish discharge from the vagina;
• painful urination (there is a burning sensation, itching, sometimes pain);
• redness, swelling, the appearance of ulcers on the mucous membranes;
• pain in the lower abdomen;
• bleeding during the absence of menstruation.

Symptoms of inflammation of the cervix and urethra

With the spread of gonorrhea in the cervix, a woman experiences frequent purulent discharge with an unpleasant odor.

During sexual activity, pain and slight bleeding appear.

The defeat of the bacteria of the urethra is accompanied by the same discharge and pain during urination. Both organs can be infected at the same time.

When the pelvic organs are infected, body temperature may rise, nausea and vomiting may occur, and sexual intercourse may be painful.

Symptoms in women are the same as in men:

• arthritis;
• proctitis.

Complications in the course of the disease in women

In women with inflammation of the ovaries and fallopian tubes, subsequently, an ectopic pregnancy, obstruction of the tubes and infertility can occur.

A newborn child, due to the defeat of gonorrheal conjunctivitis, may remain blind forever (see photo above).

Diagnostics

To detect the disease, it is enough to take a swab in the rectum, cervix (women),) or in the throat.

Gonorrhea is most often diagnosed bacteriological diagnostics, which gives the correct result of the study by 90%. There is a method polymerase chain reaction- This is an experimental method, it is more sensitive.

Infection treatment

In our time, triper is an infection that is increasingly resistant to penicillin antibiotics, often affects the body along with.

For pregnant women, the doctor will select an individual treatment ( Spectinomycin or other similar drugs).

In case of complications or chronic course of the disease, the patient requires hospitalization. Here are a few of them:

• the disease affected various human organs;
• the infection has spread with blood throughout the body ();
• the patient avoided treatment;
• unexpected recurrences of gonorrhea.

During treatment, the patient is forbidden to have sexual intercourse, it is required to exclude bad habits, lead a calm lifestyle and not overcool. To increase immunity, the doctor prescribes various.

All treatment efforts, in combination, will give a positive result.

Important: Never self-medicate, contact the clinic. The necessary drugs and their dosages can only be determined by a specialist.

Interesting

The incubation period for gonorrhea can range from a few hours to 4 weeks. How quickly symptoms appear depends on the sex and age of the patient, as well as the state of the immune system.

Description of the disease

Tripper (gonorrhea) develops as a result of infection with gonococci. Many perceive the disease solely as a sexually transmitted infection. Indeed, 99 out of 100 cases of gonorrhea occur at the time of sexual intercourse. It does not matter what kind of sex it was, vaginal, anal or oral. You can become infected even during sexual games without penetration (incomplete sexual intercourse).

Gonococci are able to enter the body through the mucous membranes of any organ, whether it be the genital tract, rectum, urethra or oral cavity. Tripper can even affect the conjunctiva. Therefore, the transmission of the disease may well occur in the household way (1% of cases), through hygiene items.

Women are more likely to be infected with gonorrhea. The risk of infection through unprotected contact with a carrier is 50–80%. While for a man the risk of infection is 30-40%.

In girls, gonorrhea is often accompanied by chlamydia, trichomoniasis and similar infections. This not only lubricates the clinical picture, thereby complicating the diagnosis, but also significantly reduces the duration of the incubation period.

The development of the disease in women

Most often, gonorrhea affects the fairer sex. After how many days does gonorrhea appear in women and what are the first symptoms of infection?

After infection with gonococci, with a calm course of the disease, it can take from 7 to 14 days before the first symptoms appear. The infection appears after 1, maximum 3 days. However, the incubation period can be extended, in which case from the moment of infection to the appearance of signs, it takes from 2 to 4 weeks.

The most dangerous is the asymptomatic course of the disease, it is diagnosed in 50% of patients. Tripper in this case is detected by chance, during a routine examination and testing. Therefore, all women are advised to visit a venereologist 2 times a year. If the girl does not have a permanent partner, the number of visits should be increased to 4 times a year. It is important to protect yourself with every sexual intercourse, but this does not negate preventive examinations.

When infected, the first symptoms of gonorrhea in women are disorders such as:

• lower abdominal pain;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• pain and cramps in the urethra;
• blood in the urine;
• mucopurulent discharge;

With gonorrhea, yellow discharge is considered typical.

Gonorrhea often affects the cervix, endometrium and fallopian tubes. Inflammation is accompanied by painful spasms, fever, headache, and in severe cases, bleeding is possible. If a diagnosis is not made in time, inflammation of the ovaries begins, which can lead to a woman's infertility.

The main problem of timely diagnosis of gonorrhea in women is that the symptoms indicate other diseases of the genitourinary system. Many patients, after the onset of the first symptoms, assume cystitis and try to be treated on their own. They go to the doctor after the appearance of purulent discharge, when the infection has already spread throughout the body.

Time of manifestation in men

The physiological structure of the urinary organs in men makes them less susceptible to sexually transmitted infections. Therefore, the risk of contracting gonorrhea in the stronger sex is much lower. If a man has a wide urethral opening, this makes him extremely susceptible to gonococci.

How long does it take for gonorrhea to appear in men? The incubation period of the disease in men is much shorter than in women. In addition, in young people, the disease manifests itself faster than in patients after 30 years.

In most cases, the first symptoms occur after 2 to 4 days. In the acute form of the disease, the incubation period is 12-24 hours. The long incubation period lasts up to 3 weeks. Asymptomatic course of the disease is observed in 10% of infected men.

Pain and frequent urination occurs as early as 2-3 days after unprotected intercourse. Also, at the beginning of the development of the disease, itching inside the urethra is possible. If the patient does not seek help, gonorrhea progresses and causes symptoms such as:

Dangerous is the sluggish course of the disease. In this case, the pain syndrome is weak, the urge to go to the toilet is rare, and there may be no pus at all. Mild symptoms push for self-treatment, as a result of which the disease progresses and causes inflammation of the prostate. With gonorrhea with mild symptoms, the incubation period is extended to 7 days.

The chronic form of the disease occurs in men with weakened immune systems. The reason for this can be pathologies such as:

• diabetes;
• viral hepatitis;
• cirrhosis;
• tuberculosis.

This article describes everything about gonorrhea, its signs and treatment, complications and prevention. This disease is one of the most famous sexually transmitted infections. Symptoms are more pronounced in men than in women.

The second name of the disease is gonorrhea. It is difficult to treat, as the causative agent of gonorrhea constantly mutates, and also gradually gets used to different antibiotics. Because of this, therapy can be delayed for months.

Description of the disease

What is gonorrhea? These are gonococci. It was discovered at the end of the 19th century. German scientist. Gonococci infect mucous membranes, heart and other organs. Infection of the child can occur even during childbirth.

Gonococci have a round shape and a bumpy surface. Often found in pairs. Stained gonococci are clearly visible under a microscope. How is gonorrhea transmitted? Mostly through sexual contact.

Bacteria are not resistant to the external environment; light, heating, and disinfection solutions are deadly for them. Some gonococci are resistant to penicillin.

Important! With gonorrhea, the protective properties of immunity are not activated. The disease can appear repeatedly in the same person.

The incubation period of gonorrhea is from 2 to 15 days. Bacteria reproduce by division, can exist in the intercellular space, but do not penetrate into epithelial cells. Bacteria are able to change their size, connect. The spread of the infection is very fast.

Types of gonorrhea

Trippers are of two types. The acute form is accompanied by the rapid onset of pronounced symptoms. They don't go away, but get worse over time. You can destroy bacteria in the first two hours after infection, then the infection begins to develop rapidly.

Very rarely, chronic gonorrhea is manifested by pronounced symptoms. Sometimes they disappear altogether. Men decide that the disease has passed on its own, and are in no hurry to see a doctor. However, the disease progresses further, so chronic gonorrhea is the most dangerous. It can lead to serious consequences.

Causes of the disease

Tripper disease in men occurs mainly due to unprotected sex. Gonococci are transmitted during sexual intercourse. This happens 50 percent of the time. Less commonly, infection occurs during oral sex. In this case, erosions appear in the mouth, in the throat. After infection (during the birth of a baby) of the mucous membrane of the child's eyes, ulcers appear that pass with difficulty.

Comment! The disease cannot be transmitted through personal items, since gonococci do not live in the external environment.

However, there is still, albeit an insignificant, chance that you can get infected through the toilet, pools, cutlery and kisses. Gonorrhea can be transmitted through sex toys or vibrators used by a sick person.

gonorrhea symptoms

In the acute phase of gonorrhea, the first signs appear a couple of days after infection. Symptoms in men are more pronounced. The duration of this form of the disease is different. Most often, the acute phase lasts for two months.

Symptoms in acute form

Initial signs of gonorrhea in men:

• in the urethra begins itching, burning, aggravated by urination;
• when pressing on the penis, thick white purulent discharge flows out of it;
• redness of the head of the penis;
• there are frequent urges to the toilet;
• there is swelling of the urethra;
• her holes stick together.

Initially, the discharge is not abundant, has a gray tint (they are in the photo). Gradually, the symptoms of the disease intensify. Copious yellow-green mucus appears. When urinating, the pain increases significantly. Erections often occur at night. It is accompanied by severe pain.

Symptoms in the chronic form

In the chronic form of gonorrhea, the routes of infection become more and more extensive. The infection spreads to the testicles, prostate gland. The urge to urinate is becoming more frequent, the erection is longer, painful. In advanced cases, this sensation is observed in the intestine, during a bowel movement.

The groin area is affected. In the testicles, an inflammatory process begins, which is accompanied by swelling of the nearest tissues, lymph nodes. During sex, pain and spotting appear.

Attention! A characteristic sign of gonorrhea in the chronic form of a sexually transmitted disease is a small cloudy drop that occurs in the morning in the opening of the urethra.

Symptoms of gonorrhea in men may be subtle or not appear for a long period. As a result, the patient does not start treatment and gonorrhea continues to progress. Its symptoms often appear only in the later stages, so additionally there are severe consequences.

Complications of gonorrhea

Complications most often appear in the chronic form of gonorrhea. Such consequences are caused by the lack of treatment in the initial stages of the disease, which can be difficult to recognize. Because of this, the infection affects the internal organs, causing inflammation.

Name of the disease	Symptoms
Gonorrheal	Erosions that appear on the head of the penis are added to the main symptoms. In the acute phase, a urine sample can be taken when two containers are filled with it. In the first, during the beginning of urination, the liquid will be cloudy, with pus, and collected at the end of the process, it will be clean. After a few days, the acute form becomes less pronounced. The color of the head of the penis becomes normal, pus appears on the shorts only in the morning. During urination with pressure, there is almost no pain. At the same time, urine samples remain the same.
	Accession to gonorrhea additional infection. There is inflammation of the head of the penis and foreskin. This is accompanied by pain, itching and burning. During sex, discomfort is observed, dry skin appears, and erosion on the head of the penis. Gradually, the same lesions cover the foreskin. It is strongly compressed, scars appear on it.
Cystitis	There are frequent urges to the toilet. At the same time, severe pain is felt, urine appears with blood.
Cavernite	The inflammatory process begins in the cavernous bodies of the penis. It begins to bend during an erection, severe pain appears.
Colliculitis	Inflammation of the seminal tubercles. This is accompanied by frequent and painful erections, wet dreams. Blood appears in the seminal fluid.
Dereferentite	Purulent inflammatory process. He appears in the stream that brings forth the seed. The disease appears along with epididymitis. The spermatic cord is strongly compacted and swells.
Orchitis	Inflammation of testicles. Constant pain appears in the scrotum, it turns red and swells. Body temperature rises to 40 degrees. There is weakness, a man may lose consciousness. Orchitis is a consequence of a neglected form of gonorrhea.
Vesiculitis	Inflammation of the seminal vesicles. Accompanied by pain and burning in the urethra. A selection emerges from it. Often there is an erection, painful ejaculation. Blood is found in the urine.
Gonorrheal proctitis	Its appearance is evidenced by severe itching in the anus and pain during bowel movements.
Blennorea	Bactria that have fallen on the mucous membrane of the eye cause profuse purulent lacrimation. This can lead to vision loss.
Gonorrheal pharyngitis and tonsillitis	Diseases are asymptomatic. It's just painful for a man to swallow.

It is accompanied by a burning sensation in the perineum, pain during urination, frequent urge to it, with initial urinary retention. Purulent inflammation begins, prostate enlargement. The most common sequelae of gonorrhea are epididymitis and prostatitis. In the chronic form of the disease, infertility appears in men.

gonorrhea treatment

Symptoms and treatment of gonorrhea in men is best started at an early stage. Therapy is aimed at the extermination of gonococci. A dermatovenereologist is engaged in the treatment of gonorrhea. First, the causes of the disease are established. Then a treatment plan is developed. Therapy takes a long time, as bacteria quickly get used to antibiotics.

Because of this, drugs are prescribed only after the results of bacteopose. Most often, "Bicillin", "Ceftriaxone" and some other antibiotics are prescribed. During treatment, two drugs are used simultaneously. The best antibiotic for the treatment of gonorrhea is Azithromycin. The drug "Sumamed" is used if the sensitivity of gonococci to the group of macrolides is detected.

Additionally, microclysters with antibacterial solutions are made. To restore the strengthening of the immune system, vitamins (), restorative drugs are prescribed. Additionally, drugs are used to maintain the work of the heart, kidneys, liver.

During the treatment of gonorrhea, the patient should drink plenty of water. Diuretics contribute to the leaching of gonococci, pus, infected areas of the mucous membranes from the body. If there are additional diseases, then their treatment is carried out simultaneously.

After the start of therapy, the patient takes repeated tests after 10-14 days.

Based on the results, the treatment of gonorrhea in men is adjusted. Other drugs may be prescribed or the dosage of previous drugs may be changed. The following tests (smear, blood, urine) are taken only after 4 weeks. Even if gonorrhea is completely cured, the man should be examined every 6 months for two years.

Treatment of gonorrhea at home

Therapy of gonorrhea in a hospital is indicated only in case of recurrence of the disease, the appearance of complications or additional infection. In other cases, treatment is carried out at home. In addition to the prescribed medications, folk recipes are also used.

To enhance the treatment, infusions, douching from herbs are used. Chamomile is an effective help in therapy. It has wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action. An infusion is made from chamomile, which is used for lotions and baths. Also, the liquid is poured into the urethra with a pipette.

How to treat gonorrhea with burdock? For this, the roots of the plant are used. A decoction is made from them, which is similar in healing properties to an infusion of chamomile. Baths for the scrotum and penis are made from a product based on burdock roots.

It is used to enhance the functioning of the immune system. It should be drunk in the morning, before meals, 5 drops each. Ginseng improves blood circulation and strengthens the mucous membranes.

Many vegetables and fruits have an antibacterial effect. A man should eat parsley, wild berries (especially viburnum, blueberries and lingonberries) every day. The listed recipes, herbs, vegetables and fruits help speed up recovery.

Disease prevention

Gonorrhea is most often contracted through unprotected sex. To prevent infection, it is necessary to abandon promiscuity. Condoms must be used during intercourse. If a man or his partner is sick, you should not have an intimate relationship until you are completely cured.

Personal hygiene must always be observed. Prevention of gonorrhea involves antibacterial treatment of the genitals after unprotected sex. In this case, the man should immediately thoroughly wash the urethra and penis with soap. Then treat the genitals with a weak solution of potassium permanganate or Miramistin. This drug will reduce the risk of infection tenfold. It is easier to follow prevention recommendations than to treat gonorrhea.

Gonorrhea is one of the most common male sexually transmitted diseases. The advanced form of gonorrhea can be treated with great difficulty. The urethra most often suffers from gonococci. Bacteria are getting used to antibiotics more and more easily. As a result, treatment is even more complicated. Refusal of treatment or its initiation in the later stages can lead to infertility.

With promiscuous sexual intercourse, the mucous membrane of our genitals is in constant danger.

We are at risk of contracting an ailment known as triperine (gonorrheal) disease. Pathology can take various forms and affect the rectum, oral mucosa and even the conjunctiva.

Mankind has known this disease for 3.5 thousand years - according to written sources. In this article, we are primarily interested in the symptoms and treatment of gonorrhea, but we will not ignore other aspects of its development and prevention.

The causative agent of pathology is Neisser's gonococcus. If we examine this microorganism under a microscope, we will see that it looks like beans with sides concave inward.

To the external environment, the gonococcus is extremely unstable, but in our body it feels excellent.

This is made possible thanks to a special capsule, which serves as a means of protecting the gonococcus from immunoglobulins (substances designed to protect a person from microbes).

There is another unpleasant feature that greatly complicates the treatment of gonorrhea - the production of beta-lactomase by the causative agent.

This leads to the ineffectiveness of antibiotics taken, the occurrence of a chronic form of the disease and various complications.

How is it transmitted

Tripper is transmitted in two ways:

• sexually;
• by oral route;
• through anal contact;
• child from the mother (during childbirth);
• household way (sponge, towel, bed linen);
• mother's dirty hands.

Infection with gonorrhea is also possible if the genitals are in contact, but the introduction of the penis does not occur. Women "catch" the disease in 100% of cases through sexual contact with infected men.

Symptoms

The disease in men and women differs significantly in its symptoms. The incubation period lasts for 2-7 days.

Occasionally, it stretches for 2-3 weeks - this is facilitated by improper antibiotic treatment (illiterately selected dosage) and low patient immunity.

Gonococci, once in the urethra, begin active reproduction on the cells of its mucous membrane. Later, microorganisms seep into the intercellular space and provoke an inflammatory reaction.

The course of the disease is divided into two stages:

1. acute;
2. chronic.

The first is usually stretched for 2 months, after which it goes into the second. The division is very conditional - we should not forget about the individual characteristics of our organisms (for example, the strength of the immune system).

The spread rate is promoted by a history of prostatitis, as well as an inflammatory process in the appendages (women).

Based on everything written, we conclude: at the slightest sign of a disease, it is necessary to urgently go to the clinic - to a dermatovenereologist.

In men

In the stronger sex, the disease manifests itself as follows:

• itching and burning during urination;
• suppuration (by pressing on the head of the penis, you will see that a drop of pus has come out);
• inflammation (the foreskin and head of the penis are affected);
• frequent urination (if the infection has penetrated the posterior urethra);
• the appearance of blood during urination (a small drop);
• inflammation and subsequent growth of inguinal lymph nodes.

If there is no qualified treatment, then the disease can spread to:

1. urethra;
2. seminal vesicles;
3. prostate;
4. testicles.

In the latter case, urination becomes difficult, painful and frequent. There is pain during bowel movements, chills, fever.

Among women

The initial stage of gonorrhea affects the following areas in a woman:

1. vagina;
2. urethra;
3. endocervix.

The symptoms will be as follows:

Symptoms in the female body are not as pronounced as in the male. Patients do not go to the doctor in the absence of painful syndromes, so in women gonorrhea often becomes chronic.

In this situation, the gonococci have time to move to the fallopian tubes, to the uterine mucosa, to the ovaries. The likelihood of complications during pregnancy, infertility and ectopic pregnancy increases.

In a separate group, an ascending form of gonorrhea can be distinguished, in which the infection immediately enters the prostate gland, bladder and appendages. Sooner or later, the symptoms subside, a period of imaginary well-being begins. You should not rejoice at this - serious pathologies ripen in the body.

Extragenital forms

Non-traditional sexual intercourse can provoke extragenital forms of gonorrhea:

1. Gonorrhea of ​​the rectum. Infection is carried out with anal contact and the transfer of pus into the rectum. Accompanied by pain during bowel movements and itching. Runs hidden.
2. Gonococcal tonsillitis (pharyngitis). We are talking about inflammation of the tonsils and pharyngeal mucosa. This is a sign of oral sexual relations. It often does not cause anxiety, it manifests itself in the form of minor pain during swallowing. The latent form is extremely dangerous - the patient does not go to the doctor for a long time.
3. Gonococcal blennorrhea. Dirty hands with which you touch the towel can cause damage to the eyes. Accompanied by lacrimation and purulent discharge from the eyes.

Diagnostics

Microbiological diagnostics is used here, which includes the following methods:

• Bacterioscopic. It implies the study of the color of both smears. The method is very specific, but has a high level of sensitivity. This method is ineffective in the study of rectal and pharyngeal samples, in the case of unsystematic infection.

Bacteriological. Culture media are cultured containing blood serum, native proteins, and ascitic fluid. For this, non-ascitic media are used. This method allows you to identify the sensitivity of microbes to the proposed antimicrobial drugs. This is how the optimal treatment strategy is chosen.
• Serological. An important research tool here is RIGA or RSK in combination with the patient's blood serum.
• Molecular biological. Refers to PCR as a catalyst for nucleic acid amplification. This method is recommended by experts in order to make samples from extragenital loci.

Possible complications

The most common complications include:

1. orchitis;
2. gonorrheal prostatitis;
3. adnexitis;
4. urethral stricture;
5. gonorrheal phimosis;
6. ophoritis (in men, the testicles become inflamed, in women, the appendages of the ovaries).

With ophoritis, infertility can occur, as the quality of the seminal fluid deteriorates, and the egg is also affected.

In especially neglected cases, extremely dangerous pathologies can appear:

1. arthritis (joint inflammation);
2. inflammation of the peritoneum;
3. blood sepsis.

Treatment

Treatment of gonorrhea involves, first of all, the elimination of its root cause - Neisser's gonococcus. When building treatment tactics, it is necessary to take into account the state of the patient's immunity, the stage of the course of the disease and the degree of damage to internal organs.

Treatment of all forms of gonorrhea is carried out according to the following scenario:

Despite such a cumbersome complex, the doctor selects the 2-3 most effective methods, guided by the data of differential diagnosis. The main thing is not to forget that gonorrhea also occurs in latent forms, which prevents the timely detection of pathology. Therefore, starting from the age of 16, you should regularly visit a doctor's office.

Prevention

Monogamous relationships are considered optimally reliable prevention. To prevent infection, it is necessary to use a condom during sexual intercourse, but it will not give a 100% guarantee.

In addition, the external genitalia must be kept clean - for this, soap, warm water, as well as solutions of miramistin and chlorhexidine are used. A bottle of miramistin (rinse solution) costs about 250 rubles, chlorhexidine - up to 20 rubles. Women can use Pharmatex candles (235-275 rubles) and Hexicon (112-245 rubles).

If you have several partners for sex - do not forget to regularly visit the clinic for examinations - this will increase the likelihood of detecting pathology at the initial stage of its development.

According to statistics, gonorrhea is the most common disease among Russians. The danger of the disease lies in the fact that you may not know about the disease, live as usual and infect other people.