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Do-it-yourself rocket stove with a stove bench. Do-it-yourself rocket furnace drawings and manufacturing process - from simple to complex

Simple stove options for heating a room, heating food and water are always popular, especially with home craftsmen who tend to make such units on their own. Such designs include a rocket stove that runs on wood, and does an excellent job of the tasks assigned to it, while not requiring complex materials for manufacturing. Today we will take a closer look at the design of such an interesting heater, as well as provide drawings and videos in order to make a do-it-yourself rocket stove.

Principle of operation

Before proceeding with the manufacture of the unit, you should consider in detail the principle of its operation. I would like to clarify right away that a rocket stove for a home has nothing to do with a jet engine and space flights. A similar name for the furnace was given by the people due to its unusual appearance: the unit is very similar to an inverted rocket and emits a characteristic buzz during operation.

The buzz appears at the stove only in a certain mode of operation, when too much oxygen is supplied to the firebox. Please note that if your oven hums too loudly or makes an unusual roar, this indicates incorrect, uneconomical and inefficient operation. Correct work rocket stove is accompanied by a barely audible rustle.

A portable rocket stove is very often taken with you on a hike to heat food.

Thermal units of this type, depending on the scope of application, can be divided into:

Portable;
Stationary.

The former are mainly used in field conditions, they are mobile, easily transported and do not take up much free space. The second type of construction is more capital. It is used for indoor installation, for heating a room or for heating food.

The principle of operation of a rocket furnace is easiest to show by the example of the simplest tourist firebox "Robinson". The design is an inverted pipe in the form of the letter "G".

Solid fuel (firewood, chips) is loaded into that part of the pipe, which is in a horizontal position with respect to the earth's surface, then the fuel is ignited from the side of the vertical part of the pipe.

A thrust is created in the transition channel, which increases as the fuel warms up, and therefore for effective work it is necessary to shut off the air supply from the outside. If the air supply is not limited, the wood will burn out in vain, and no heat energy will be obtained as a result.

Even the simplest rocket stove is capable of heating water in large capacity within minutes. If the upper part of the pipe is properly insulated, it will be possible to burn thick logs in the device and heat a large area.

Types of rocket furnaces

Depending on the type of construction, rocket furnaces are divided into:

A rocket furnace with a water circuit (with the right arrangement, it can replace a full-fledged solid fuel boiler);
Rocket stove from a gas cylinder;
Rocket furnace "Ognivo - Boss";
A simple brick rocket stove with a bench;
Hiking options from metal pipes.

General view of a rocket furnace made from a gas cylinder

Advantages and disadvantages

To the advantages of the oven missile type can be attributed:

High heat output, which in some cases reaches 18 kW;
High efficiency;
Super-efficient work, which is characterized by complete burnout of firewood, coals and soot loaded inside;
To ensure combustion, even waste from the woodworking industry (chips, leaves, twigs, branches, leaves, regardless of the degree of humidity) is suitable;
Economical combustion and low consumption of wood;
Tall temperature regime at the exit (heating of a large container of water is carried out in a few minutes).

Along with the advantages, furnaces of this type also have disadvantages:

Installing a water heating coil reduces the thermal efficiency of the furnace;
The continuous combustion cycle makes it impossible to install a rocket stove in garages and baths;
The small size of the furnace does not allow loading a large amount of fuel at once, to ensure long burning firewood is constantly being laid.

How to make a DIY rocket stove

Many decide to install a rocket stove due to the ability to make it from improvised means. Such a stove does not require expensive materials and components, while it stands out among other wood stoves. original design.

To make a furnace, it is enough to understand at least a little the drawings and be able to work with your hands. Especially for home craftsmen, we will consider several options for making a rocket stove.

Marching from a profile pipe

This design stands out for its maximum simplicity, so it is with it that you can start work on the development of construction technology. rocket ovens. With the right approach, the entire production process will take no more than 3-4 hours.

The manufactured oven will have small dimensions and weight, which is why it is convenient to take it with you on hikes and fishing trips.

We will consider a slightly more complicated version of the rocket furnace, due to the additional part, the process of further use of the unit will be greatly facilitated. We are talking about a small metal plate with a grate that can be removed for easy loading of firewood.

To make an oven, you need to prepare the following items:

Two pieces of a square pipe measuring 15 by 15 cm (metal thickness - 3 mm). The length of one pipe is 45 cm, the other is 30 cm;
4 strips of steel 3 mm thick and 30 by 5 cm in size;
2 steel strips 3 mm thick and measuring 14 by 5 cm.
A metal grate with dimensions of 30 by 14 cm. If a grate of suitable dimensions could not be purchased, you can make it yourself from steel bars.

The camping stove-rocket is made in the form of a bent pipe section

The production of the furnace includes the following steps:

We mark two pipes for further cutting with a grinder at an angle of 45 degrees;
We connect the pipes to each other with cut sides and weld;
At the top of the vertical pipe, we make 4 cuts at the corners, insert prepared strips of steel into them to form a cross, weld the structure;
We make a frame for a retractable grate from the remaining steel strips, put a grate on the frame and weld;
We check the oven for operability;
When the unit is completely cool, paint it with heat-resistant paint to give an attractive appearance.

The design can be slightly improved by welding a handle to the retractable grate.

Some craftsmen make a rocket stove right in the field from two soda cans. Such an oven gives a minimal amount of heat, but it will be enough to heat dinner or a glass of water.

From a gas bottle

For the manufacture of a rocket furnace from a gas cylinder, the scheme of which is shown in the figure, you will need:

80 cm steel pipe with a diameter of 158 mm and a metal thickness of 4 mm;
150 cm steel pipe with a diameter of 127 mm and a wall thickness of 3.4 mm;
Profile pipe 100 cm long, 12 by 12 cm in size and 4 mm thick wall;
2 empty gas cylinders;
Sheet metal;
Steel bars;
Material for thermal insulation;
Metal pipe with a diameter of 12 cm for the chimney.

Scheme of a gas cylinder furnace with dimensions

The production process includes the following steps:

We cut the profile pipe into two parts. One should have a length of 30 cm, the second - 35 cm. In the second pipe, we cut a hole for the firebox and for the vertical pipe of the future stove;
We cut the remaining piece of the profile pipe along, weld it to the firebox (it will serve as an air supply hole);
We weld the firebox to a vertical pipe;
We make doors for the furnace and ash pan;
We check the performance of the manufactured structure (primary chamber), wait for it to cool;
With the help of a grinder, we cut a hole for the firebox in the lower gas cylinder. We weld a pipe with a diameter of 120 mm, which will serve as a chimney, in the lower part of the pipe we make a hole for cleaning the chimney;
We weld a piece of a pipe of a slightly larger diameter to the chimney, weld a firebox to the cylinder;
In the space formed in the cylinder between the pipe and the surface of the cylinder, we pour perlite, which acts as a thermal insulator;
At the second cylinder, we cut off the bottom with a grinder, weld a hole near the valve, the design will act as a container for igniting gases;
We connect all the parts of the stove together.

A more detailed process of manufacturing a rocket furnace from a gas cylinder is discussed in the video.

Video: rocket stove from a gas cylinder

From bricks

The diagram of the simplest rocket furnace is shown in the figure.

The most simple design assumes the presence of 21 bricks

To build an improved structure, you will need about 20-30 bricks and dry clay.

From the bricks we add the structure, as in the picture. By appearance it resembles a rocket that is ready to launch.

Clay is used to give the structure strength and stability.

We check the oven for operability, wait until the bricks cool down, and coat them with prepared clay. The manufacturing process has been completed. Once the clay is completely dry, the oven can be used.

Video: oven rocket of twenty bricks

Long burning design

Most best option long-burning stoves - a stove with a stove bench. This design is perfect for heating a small room.

A long-burning rocket stove is a great option for heating your home.

The manufacturing process includes the following steps:

The place where the firebox will subsequently be located is deepened into the ground by 10 cm, a refractory stone is placed in the resulting recess;
A formwork is installed along the perimeter of the masonry, a reinforcing mesh is laid on the bottom;
The lower part of the future working chamber is laid on the same level with the installed formwork, the structure is poured with concrete;
The constructed part is left for a day until the concrete is completely solidified, then the base of the furnace and the combustion chamber are formed;
The walls of the future furnace gradually rise along the perimeter;
The lower channel of the rocket furnace is being laid;
The constructed structure is sheathed with bricks, except for the places where the firebox and raiser will be located;
A metal container (an iron barrel or a gas cylinder is suitable) is cut off by a grinder on both sides, coated with a primer and painted with heat-resistant paint, a pipe cuts into the lower part;
A branch is welded to the chimney pipe, which will play the role of an ash pan;
A fire tube is laid out of brick in the form of a square;
In the resulting gap between the metal container and the masonry, heat-insulating material is poured;
The body of the future furnace is being formed, all brick surfaces are cleaned with clay, the future contour of the stove-bed is being laid;
The operation of the furnace is checked;
All gaps are sealed, the shape of the couch is formed, and adobe is covered on top.

How to heat the stove correctly

If no special preparation is required for the firebox of mobile rocket furnaces, then in order for the long-burning furnace to work at the limit of its capabilities, it is necessary to preheat it. Such an event also reduces the degree of pollution of the chimney.

It is most convenient to warm up the oven with paper sheets, wood chips and sawdust. The degree of heating is estimated by the emerging hum in the channel. Initially, the hum will be strong, this indicates high traction and low temperature, according to the degree of noise reduction, we can talk about an increase in temperature in the furnace.

To warm up the rocket stove, it is best to use small chips and sawdust.

As soon as the noise began to decrease, the main fuel is loaded into the furnace. After 15 minutes, the damper begins to gradually close. The gap must be adjusted so that a barely audible rustling comes from the oven.

There are plenty of successful designs of rocket furnaces on the net, while the authors are often guided more by intuition than technical calculations. The main thing is to stick to the "L-shaped" type of design, and then everything depends only on your imagination.

Be sure to check the operation of the furnace at a preliminary stage.

A rocket stove is a popular option when it comes to creating a do-it-yourself unit that can heat a room or become like a stove when camping. Drawings and diagrams similar design should be available to people who love tourism.

Collapse

It is not difficult to create a stove with your own hands - it will take a little time, suitable tools, materials that are resistant to open fire and strong heat. Such a stove has several features, differences that make the stove a profitable option for manufacturing.

A stationary camping rocket stove is installed as indoors (cottages, country houses) along the wall, and on a special platform, including in open space. Suitable for high-quality heating of a room with an area of 45-50 m2 (taking into account the presence / absence of partitions, walls, individual rooms, ceiling height).

About design

The Robinson Rocket Furnace consists of the following elements:

Fuel tank.
A pipe for the removal of the generated smoke.

Design feature - the fuel bunker is located not only vertically, but also horizontally, at an angle. The method of placement depends on the desire of the person, the features of the structure in which the finished furnace will be installed.

It looks like a rocket stove from a pipe

It can also be used such an option in which the fuel bunker will be located between the chimney and two elements of the horizontal section of the pipe. This is done in order to lengthen the surface heated during the combustion of fuel, thereby increasing the efficiency and heating time of the room.

The usual schemes for creating furnaces are:

A firebox located vertically and connected to the chimney by a piece of pipe (its length may be different). The section connecting the elements is used for cooking ( hob).
A firebox located directly next to the pipe (the scheme is used when the furnace must act as a heating unit).
A firebox fixed at an angle to the pipe (for the convenience of laying fuel in a special compartment).

The stove can have two fireboxes at once. Feature - their location on the sides of the structure in a vertical position. Pipes should be with a large section size. The purpose of the furnace is to heat a container with liquid, which is installed on a special stand (this option is used to supply hot water).

Design Options

General principle of operation

The principle of operation of all types of construction - rockets is approximately the same:

Solid fuel (firewood) is put into the furnace.
Ignition is in progress.
In the process of heating under the action of a flame and combustion, gases are produced.
Their movement along the vertical section of the pipe begins.
The supply is provided by a special channel through which the “secondary air”, which is already heated, quickly moves.
The heated gases rise to the base of the tube.

The basic principle of operation is similar to pyrolysis boilers. As a result, the maximum possible temperature is reached at the exit from the furnace, in the upper part of the structure. It is also used for heating, heating water, cooking. For convenience, you can make a special platform for placing containers by attaching it to the top of the pipe.

A big and significant advantage for the user of a rocket stove is its economy - firewood, as well as other types of solid fuel, spend little Efficiency is high(about 65%). In order to improve the quality of functioning, it is enough to throw sawdust, paper, branches or dry grass into the firebox.

The simplest version of the rocket furnace

A simple rocket-type camp stove is distinguished by ease of self-production, saving time and resources during use, compact size and dimensions. All work will take 2-3 hours to prepare tools and materials, which is very convenient in a hike or summer cottage.

Structural feature to be taken into account − Bottom part the unit that acts as the bottom of the fuel chamber (grate) must be made movable. This is done to facilitate the process of laying firewood and loading them into the furnace bunker.

If chips are used, then the sliding structural element is a convenient stand in the process of laying fuel in the furnace. Additionally, the movable part greatly facilitates the process of cleaning the unit from ash.

A simple rocket stove from a pipe

Preparation of materials

To make a rocket furnace, you will need to purchase:

A pipe with a square section (15 cm × 15 cm × 3, 40.5 cm) - 1 pc.
The pipe is also square in shape (it is optimal to choose 15cm × 15cm × 3, 30 cm) - 1 pc.
Steel strip (recommended dimensions 30cm × 5cm × 3 mm) - you need to buy 4 pieces of such elements.
Another version of a steel strip (with ideal parameters for work 14cm × 5cm × 3 mm) - 2 pcs.
Grid, also made of good metal (steel) (choose dimensions 30cm × 14cm) - 1 piece.

Additionally, you will need to buy a steel bar (3: 5 mm) - 2.5 meters in order to make the grate yourself if desired. A high-quality do-it-yourself Robinson oven is a minimal cost of finance, a little attention and time.

Instruments

To carry out all the necessary work, you will need:

Bulgarian.
Welding.
Metal scissors.

Drawing

Work is carried out according to the scheme and drawing indicated below:

Drawing of the simplest rocket furnace from a profile pipe

Manufacturing instructions

All work on the creation of a heating device should be carried out in stages. The guide to action consists of several steps that must be followed sequentially:

Square pipes must be cut into blanks of the size required according to the drawing.
Make markings on them, taking into account the fact that one of their edges will need to be cut off (the cut angle is 45 degrees). The work is done by a Bulgarian.
The resulting pipes will need to be carefully welded - the result should be a design that resembles a boot in shape.

When making a Robinson oven with your own hands and using drawings, it is important to follow the recommendations on the dimensions of the parts that are contained there. The next steps will be:

Cuts are made (on top of the pipe or on its sides) - the dimensions are 20 mm deep and 3.5 mm wide (a stand for installing containers will be installed in them).
A steel strip (which has parameters of 30cm × 5cm × 3 mm) 1 piece from the purchased ones must be cut exactly in half.
Mark the second remaining strip of steel (also with parameters 30cm × 5cm × 3 mm) exactly in the middle.
Weld to it for high-quality performance of all stages of work, elements on both sides of the cut strip (a cruciform shape should be obtained).
Steel strips (dimensions to be chosen 30cm × 5cm × 3 mm) - the remaining 2 pieces and the remaining pieces 14 cm long, a frame is welded that will be retractable.
The elements are not welded side by side, but overlapped.

On top of the already finished frame, using a spot welding machine, a finished grate (purchased additionally / specially) or parts of a good steel rod cut to the desired length are attached. The distance at which the parts are attached is 1 cm. Then, a stand is installed on top of the pipe, the grate is pushed into the furnace hopper. The main work on the production of the furnace can be considered completed.

Now comes the stage of verification and test behavior. It is required to put a little solid fuel into the furnace and melt the furnace, if there are no problems in its operation, you need to wait until all structural elements have cooled completely. Finally, the furnace can be painted to protect the parts from corrosion. For this, heat-resistant paint is used. You can increase the comfort of operation by welding a handle to the combustion chamber door.

Oven "Robinson"

Convenient and functional, the Robinson Rocket Stove is an excellent option for use on a hike or in the country. It is also not difficult to make it using drawings and diagrams. With your own hands, you can easily create a unit that will be very similar to the factory one.

Oven "Robinson"

materials

To make a quality heating product on your own, you will need to purchase the following materials:

Sheet of steel (for the manufacture of the body of the furnace hopper with a size of 15 cm × 10 cm × 30 cm) - 1 piece, thickness 3 mm.
Plates made of high-quality steel (at least 3 mm) material parameters are 30 cm × 15 cm - you will need to take 2 of them.
Strong steel plates with indicators 10cm × 30 cm - according to classic version the project will require 2 pcs.
Plates, also made of good steel 10 cm × 15 cm - 1 piece.
Metal plate parameters: 15cm × 20cm × 3 mm - 1 piece (for making a blower).
A pipe with a diameter of 10 cm (height 60 cm) - 1 piece (metal).
Segments from reinforcement with a diameter of 7 or 8 mm - 1.2 meters (required for the manufacture of a grate grate).
Rings with a diameter of at least 3 cm - 3 pcs.
Vertical riser (10 cm) - 1 pc.
Ring with a diameter of 11 cm - 1 pc.
Nuts (part value d13 is selected) - 3 pieces.
A piece of steel pipe with a thread - they are needed for work 3 pcs.

Instruments

Bulgarian.
Welding.
Marker.
Metal scissors.

You also need to have protective goggles and gloves.

Drawing

Do-it-yourself Robinson camp stove is assembled according to the following drawing:

Drawing of the Robinson furnace

Step-by-step instruction

All major work will require accuracy, attention, but will not take much time - about 3 hours with preparation. The main actions involve the following steps:

Preparation of a plate that will separate the firebox from the blower in the finished structure - you will need to weld pieces of reinforcement to it (a distance of 1 cm from each element) - as a result, you get a grate.
For convenience, a grate is attached to the plate available among the materials for manufacturing, after which, using a welding machine, you need to securely attach the received element to the side and rear walls of the future furnace. Feature of the work: before starting welding, you need to step back from the bottom along the edge of 30 cm.
The next step in the work is welding the corner elements of the joints of the rear and side walls of the combustion chamber.
Then the bottom of the chamber is welded.

After these stages, you should proceed to the final steps. Here, actions such as attaching nuts are performed, which are needed to make the oven stand stably. Further, legs are attached to them, if desired. Then the actions are:

The firebox cover, if it is provided for by the selected drawing option, is attached to the body (welding is used).
The next step is marking the pipe (for this purpose, you will need to use a bright metal marker).
After that, a cut is made at an angle of 30 0 (a regular oval is obtained in outline).
Each of the mandatory pipes from the set of materials must be attached with an oval-shaped hole exactly to the middle of the roof of the structure.
You will need to circle the pipe (with a marker).
The resulting pattern is needed in order to cut a hole along its contour (work is carried out using welding, the voltage may need to be increased).
Then a pipe is welded into the resulting hole, it must be placed vertically according to the scheme.

At the end, the legs are attached (optional), the first test run is carried out (with a minimum of a solid fuel element). If you want to paint the structure, then before that you need to completely cool the entire structure.

Finished homemade oven "Robinson"

Design improvement

A convenient do-it-yourself Robinson camp stove assembled according to the scheme can be improved.

The first thing that can be done is to weld a door with a handle to the main structure in order to be able to control the amount of heat generated or the amount of firewood in the firebox. It will not open to the side, but up.

The best option is to make a damper that will open in several positions:

down or left;
then to the right.

Such a damper must be installed in the corners welded in advance on the walls, the dimensions are selected 1X1 cm or, as an option, to increase -1.5 cmX1.5 cm.

Additional ways to improve the Robinson furnace - increasing the thickness of steel for the combustion chamber with 3 to 5 mm.

For a section where labor passes vertically, a square rather than an oval hole can be used.

The stand and legs can be made from various materials using the most convenient options.

The last thing you can do is weld a wide metal plate to the firebox or attach metal corners to the pipe to put a water container on them. Thus, a rocket furnace with hob.

Rocket stove with hob

Antoshka oven

This popular version of the tourist-camping type of stove will require a little more time for independent production. The rocket stove of the Antoshka model is distinguished by its convenient design. A feature of this type of furnace is the presence of an additional plane heated during the operation of the unit.

It is also a stand for a container (hob) and an amplifier for heating the room. Therefore, the Antoshka oven can be used to provide hot water country house or tourist camp.

Antoshka oven

materials

In order to make the stove yourself, you need to purchase the following set of materials:

Square pipes (with material parameters of 15 cm × 15 cm × 3 mm. The length is also taken into account, which in this option should be 40.5 cm) - 1 pc and (15 cm × 15 cm × 3 mm, also the length of the element is 18 cm) - 1 pc and (10 cm × 10 cm × 3 mm, with a product length of 60.5 cm) - 1 pc.
Plate metal / steel (30cm × 15cm × 3 mm) - 1 pc.
The plate is also made of good, heat-resistant metal (the parameters should be as follows - 15cm × 15cm × 3 mm) -1 pc.
High-quality metal corner (5 cm × 5 cm × 3, length 30 cm) - 1 pc.
Larger metal corner (5cm × 5cm × 3, length 40.5 cm) - 1 pc.

Additionally, reinforcement / rod with a diameter of 8 mm is required, the length of the material in this embodiment is 30 cm - such rods will need to be purchased 4 pcs.

To make a grate with your own efforts, you will need reinforcement with a diameter of 8 mm, its length is 17 cm - 8 pieces. It is important not to forget to purchase triangular metal scarves that you will need to use to install the hob, the steel in them should be 3 mm - 2 pieces.

Instruments

To carry out all the necessary work, you will need, as in the previous version:

Bulgarian.
Welding (for reliable fastening of all elements).
Marker.
Scissors for metal (for working with small elements).

You also need to have protective goggles and gloves.

Manufacturing steps

To make the Antoshka oven, you will need to do:

Mark the pipe available in the materials (place it vertically).
Then make neat cuts on it, performing them at an angle of 30 0.
Cut a hole in the back of the pipe intended for the firebox, the size of which is 12 × 10 cm.

Second part of work:

At the bottom of the element, it is also important not to forget to cut a hole, the size of which will increase slightly and will be 15 × 15 cm according to the drawing.
Next, you need to connect these two elements.
The rear wall of the firebox must be welded with a plate prepared in advance for this, made of fire-resistant and high-quality steel.

After that, segments of metal rods must be welded to the lower hole of the Robinson rocket furnace variation from the outside. The distance at which the work is carried out is 1-1.2 cm. Further work involves the following actions:

For the manufacture of such a part of the heating unit as the blowing chamber (air intake), a segment of 18 cm in size is used, which is part of a square pipe. Without it, the operation of the furnace as a whole is not allowed for safety reasons.
It needs to be cut at an angle of 30 0 (as a result, the size of this part of the structure is 10 × 18 cm).

The resulting part should have a bottom and two walls. It is best to put it on stands - this is how comfort is achieved for subsequent work. They are made of metal corners, attached by welding to the bottom of the structure.

The furnace of the future furnace (upper hole) - the pipe available in the material package is welded to it or otherwise attached (if there is no welding). It is important to fix it in a strictly vertical position. It is important to remember here that maximum accuracy is required.
Products triangular shape, made of metal (it’s better not to save on quality here), you need to put on the edge, which will increase the stability of this part of the structure to create the necessary combination of elements.
Then they are welded / attached to the pipe and additionally to the top of the structure.
The creation of the unit continues by the fact that a plate measuring 3 dm × 1.5 dm × 3 mm is welded to the edge of the furnace hole, which is at the top (front in relation to the master doing the work).

The final part of the creation: you need to weld corners to the top of a vertically located pipe - this will be a stand on which a container is installed for cooking or heating food. The reinforcement must be bent (90 0 - semicircle), the resulting corners are welded to the pipe on four sides at a distance of 30 cm from each other.

Output

Robinson oven has various options for the manufacture of. It's not only a good option for heating small house or a tent camp in a camping environment, but also a real hob that can provide hot food. Additionally, using a DIY Robinson stove, which has a mount for a water tank, you can provide hot water.

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Consumption ecology. Among the variety of wood-burning stoves, such a thermal device as a home-made rocket stove deserves special attention. It is distinguished by an original design that does not require expensive materials and components in the manufacture.

Among the variety of wood-burning stoves, such a heating device as a homemade rocket stove deserves special attention. It is distinguished by an original design that does not require expensive materials and components in the manufacture.

Any person can make such a stove, at least a little bit versed in the drawings and able to work with his hands. Our article should come to the aid of such home craftsmen, where we will talk about the design and principle of operation of the rocket stove. Here, recommendations will be given on its manufacture from various materials.

OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF THE ROCKET FURNACE

Although the rocket stove device is quite simple, it successfully uses two whole principles of operation borrowed from other types of solid fuel heaters:
- the principle of afterburning wood gases released during combustion (pyrolysis);
- the principle of free flow of gases through the channels (without prompting from the natural draft of the chimney).

Note. In the simplest rocket stoves for cooking, including those of a portable type, only the second principle operates, since favorable conditions are not created for the pyrolysis process to proceed.

First, we will analyze the design of direct-burning rocket stoves, designed only for cooking food. Here, a short horizontal section of the pipe serves as a firebox, which then turns upward. The design is simple to disgrace

Fuel is put into the pipe and ignited, resulting in an upward flow of hot gases, which tends to rise along the vertical section and go outside. Here, at the cut of the pipe, a container for food or water is installed. Of course, a gap is provided between the pan and the pipe for the exit of combustion products. This is achieved through various metal supports.

For reference. The above rocket furnace device is one of the first. It is because of the nozzle turned up with a flame escaping from it that the device was called a rocket.

Since it is impossible to heat the premises with such a unit, the design of the heating rocket furnace was supplemented with a heat exchange device and channels for removing flue gases. To keep a high temperature on the vertical section of the pipe, it is insulated with any refractory material. Further, for intensive heat extraction, the nozzle is covered from above with a cap, for example, an ordinary metal barrel. A separate channel for supplying secondary air is made in the lower part of the horizontal fire tube.

Now the principle of operation of the rocket furnace looks a little different. Firstly, at the end of the horizontal fire channel, pyrolysis gases are afterburned due to the inflow of secondary air. Secondly, the products of combustion, which have a high temperature, accumulate under the top of the cap (barrel), creating some excess pressure. As heat is transferred to the outside through the metal walls, these gases cool down and rush down.

Since the cooling gases are supported from below by a new hot stream, they cannot descend in the same way, but pass through the space between the walls of the pipe and the barrel, safely exiting into the chimney channel. The flow of processes is well reflected in the scheme of the rocket furnace

So, thanks to pyrolysis, the efficiency of wood burning increases, and the use of free flow of gases creates a self-regulating system that limits the flow fresh air into the firebox. The air mixture is supplied as the combustion products under the hood cool down, making room for it. new portion. The excess pressure of hot gases "pushes" the cooled part out, so the operation of the furnace depends little on the presence of draft in the chimney.

HEAT REMOVAL EFFECT

The gases entering the chimney are still at a high temperature. Just throwing them out is impractical, everyone will understand that the efficiency of such an installation will be too low. Taking advantage of the fact that the rocket stove literally pushes the combustion products out, the craftsmen invented 2 ways of heat extraction:
- passing gases through the channels arranged under the bench;
- installing a water circuit on the stove.

A rocket furnace with a water circuit is made without a hood, the force of the upward flow of combustion products is used in a multi-pass heat exchanger made of metal. It is not recommended to introduce a coil with water into the gas flow, it will not last long due to too high a temperature. It would be more correct to make a water jacket with metal fins inside the flue

Another way is to lay out horizontal chimney channels from bricks directly on the floor surface and arrange a chic heated adobe bed on top by connecting a rocket-type stove to it. Here, the correct selection of the length of the channels is important so that there is enough excess pressure to overcome them, otherwise you still have to take care of the organization of natural draft.

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

Homemade long-burning rocket stoves have many admirers, and here are the reasons:

Simplicity and low cost of installation: in order to build such a thermal device, you do not need to incur high costs for the purchase of expensive materials, fixtures and fittings. Experience in the furnace business is also required minimal;

Self-regulation and undemanding to the natural draft of the chimney;

The efficiency of the furnace - rocket is a variable value and largely depends on the design, the main thing is to select as much as possible thermal energy at flue gases;

Fuel can be added "on the go".

Despite the attractiveness and simplicity of the unit, heating with a rocket stove has its negative points. It is a mistake to think that you can shove firewood of any quality into the firebox. Wet wood will not give the required temperature in the chamber, the pyrolysis process will not proceed. In the worst case, the smoke from the stove can pour into the room. Also, the “rocket” needs constant supervision, especially in terms of fire safety.

Do-it-yourself rocket stoves are of little use for a bath, because they give off relatively little heat in the infrared range, which is very important for a steam room. The surfaces of the stove that radiate heat are too small and it will not be possible to heat the bath properly.
For reference. A factory-made Robinson metal rocket furnace is often used as a portable heat source. The craftsmen were not at a loss here either and quickly modernized this product, having done the same, only with a grate.

FURNACE FROM A CYLINDER

This is one of the simplest options, you can use the drawing below to implement it. A propane tank with a diameter of 300 mm will serve as an excellent cap, and the role of a firebox and a hopper will play a role steel pipe size 150 mm. The internal vertical channel is made of a pipe with a diameter of 70 mm, and a chimney - 100 mm

The design is completely welded, the pipes are cut to the required length, and the upper part of the cylinder is cut off. Then the parts are welded according to the drawings, only the opening between vertical pipes with a diameter of 70 and 150 mm is filled with loose heat-insulating material. Perlite or vermiculite can act as such, in extreme cases - ordinary sand.
If there is an opportunity and desire to make a more powerful rocket furnace, then a standard 200-liter barrel is used as a cap, then the dimensions of all parts also increase. The working inner pipe is accepted with a diameter of 129 mm (or profile 120 x 120 mm), and the outer one - with a size of 450 mm. It is difficult to pick up a pipe of this diameter, so they usually find another barrel of a smaller capacity and cut off its bottom

The entire rocket furnace from a gas cylinder assembly is not very heavy, so it is not necessary to arrange a massive foundation for it. When the unit is placed on the floor, legs are welded to it, and if a stove bench is subsequently planned, then the structure will have to be coated with a refractory compound, and then the outer lining should be made. Then basalt cardboard and a sheet of roofing iron are laid on the floor from below.

BRICK OVEN

In terms of its design, a brick rocket furnace is not much different from a metal one, but it requires a lot of labor. The difference is that all fire channels of the unit are made of fireclay bricks, and the cap is made from the same barrel.

The entire structure, except for the protruding cap, is recommended to be lowered below the floor level, for which a shallow hole is dug. Its bottom is compacted, and then a small concrete foundation 100 mm thick is poured along the formwork. After it hardens, laying begins, using a solution of refractory clay. iron barrel without a bottom, the cavity between it and the brick is covered with insulation.
For all its advantages, a do-it-yourself rocket stove cannot serve as a full-fledged source of heat for heating the whole house. It makes sense to start such a construction when it is necessary to organize heating small dacha or another similar building, especially since the "rocket" is not afraid of periodic work. published

Not so long ago, very compact portable Robinson stoves appeared on the market, designed for cooking in field conditions: hunting, fishing, in the country. No matter how much it costs, making it yourself is much cheaper: it will take several pieces of a square-section pipe, a small piece of sheet steel for the blower door, rods for making legs and a grate. Everything is so simple that with a little experience in welding, it can be welded in a couple of hours. In the article, we will publish the available drawings, show several options for finished furnaces with an indication of the dimensions and materials used, and post a video lesson on the principles of their construction. Based on these materials, you can make a Robinson oven with your own hands.

Rocket furnaces are attractive due to their simplicity of design and efficiency. But, behind the seeming simplicity, there is an exact calculation. It is very undesirable to deviate in size: everything will stop working at all or fuel combustion will be extremely inefficient.

General principles

The portable portable oven "Robinson" was made on the basis of a heating rocket stove. The same principle is applied: firewood burns in the bunker-fuel compartment, the fire, due to the air flow, enters the combustion zone - a horizontal section of the pipe and partially rises up the chimney. First, until the furnace is warmed up, all the energy is spent on heating the chimney. Then, when it warms up, gases from high temperatures ignite again, secondary combustion of gases occurs. The modernized ones are arranged according to the same principle.

In the Robinson oven, everything is a little simpler: we do not need to heat the room. Its main task is to heat water and cook food. But the principles remain the same: the fire should heat up the chimney, and its length should be enough to burn the gases. Therefore, for normal performance, adhere to the following proportions:

The length of the chimney must be at least 2 lengths of the horizontal (inclined) section.
The height of the fuel compartment is approximately equal to the length of the horizontal section. Therefore, in the Robinson furnace, the firebox is made at an angle of 45 °, although the fuel compartment can be located at an angle of 90 °, but it is not very convenient to lay fuel in this way.
The cross section of the chimney should not be less than the dimensions of the firebox.

Robinson oven device: drawings and dimensions

In the original, "Robinson" was welded from a profile pipe 150 * 100 mm. Homemade similar stoves are made from a pipe of close diameter. Sometimes the fuel compartment is made from a piece of a profile pipe, and the chimney is made from a round one. At the same time, it is important that the cross section of the chimney is not less than that of the firebox, otherwise reverse draft may occur.

Below we lay out the drawings of the Robinson rocket furnace, indicating the most common sizes: a profile pipe 150 * 150 mm, a firebox 30 cm long, a chimney of at least 60 cm. In general, with this size of the firebox, it can be up to 90 cm, but keeping in mind that this is still a hiking option, we indicate the minimum possible length.

A drawing of a Robinson rocket furnace for making do-it-yourself drawings

The legs are made of threaded rod, installed in place and tightened with nuts. This option is the most compact, but unscrewing / screwing the legs to the smoked iron is not the best thing to do. Alternative support options: steel sheet welded to the bottom or stationary legs. They do not need to be screwed, but they take up more space in the trunk.

In the case of the original Robinson oven, it does not have a combustion air duct and there is no combustion control cover. In home-made ones, there is improvement: a plate is welded in the lower part of the fuel compartment, ending with a grate. Fuel is placed on this plate. The slot at the bottom allows oxygen to be supplied directly to the combustion zone. To regulate the intensity of combustion, a damper cover is welded to the fuel compartment. In size, it is slightly wider than the fuel compartment (156.4 mm in the drawing with a firebox width of 140 mm). It should not completely cover it - otherwise the fire will die out. They make it smaller in size than the firebox or build in a slide gate.

Do-it-yourself Robinson oven: two photos and three video options

Craftsmen make small camping rocket furnaces from different pieces of metal. In the photo below you see what happened - a finished Robinson oven, made by craftsmen from Penza with their own hands. Three small sections of a profile pipe 160 * 160 mm were used, from which the furnace compartment was welded. Its total length turned out to be 40 cm. A single piece of pipe 120 * 120 mm 60 cm long was used for the chimney. In the furnace, the ash pan is welded from sheet metal 8 mm and steel bar 12 mm. Instead of legs, a metal plate is welded: thickness 8 mm, dimensions 180*350 mm.

This is the finished Robinson oven and what the master welded it from (To increase the size of the picture, click on it with the left mouse button)

According to the author: a melted stove burns well, does not smoke or act up. Only before loading with "serious" fuel: branches and chips, it needs to be heated with paper, hay, dry grass or very thin branches. When the pipe warms up, you can lay more “thick firewood”.

Difficulties with kindling a cold furnace are generally characteristic of rocket furnaces. In this case, we also have a narrowed chimney, which makes kindling more problematic.

The second version of a home-made camping rocket-type stove - out of two profile pipes: 160 * 160 mm 30 cm long for the firebox and 120 * 120 mm 60 cm long for the chimney (it is better to take no smaller section - the draft will be better). 5 mm steel was used for the ash pan, door and stand. The ash pan is cut to half the length of the firebox, reinforcing bars of 12 mm in diameter are welded to the plate. The lid does not reach the ash pan plate by about 2 cm; a large diameter nut is used instead of a handle. Base plate dimensions 20*30 cm.

Do-it-yourself Robinson oven materials and manufacturing process (To increase the size of the picture, click on it with the left mouse button)

To make it convenient to put the dishes and so that the smoke has somewhere to go, balls from the CV joint are welded at the corners of the pipe. This option turned out to be more convenient than the one proposed in the original (three rings welded together) - you can put dishes with a round bottom on such a stove - a cauldron, for example. Hunters and fishermen most often have this utensil, and not pans with a flat bottom. The kettle also becomes excellent: three liters of water in it boils in 20 minutes. The heat is sufficient for frying meat and other cooking tasks.

Portable oven Robinson: testing in the garage and on a three-day hunt (To increase the size of the picture, click on it with the left mouse button)

This video is about two rocket stoves: the already familiar home-made Robinson and a mini-stove made from cans of different diameters. This mini-stove works on the same principle, but the dimensions are more than compact.

And this video story is for those who want to make a heating and cooking rocket stove. It was also made according to the type of Robinson furnace, but with a heat-insulated casing.

Such a simple heating device as a rocket stove is not known to every person. Meanwhile, it has few equals in simplicity and efficiency. It cannot be said that she has the best performance but it also has few shortcomings. There are many varieties of these furnaces, differing in design and purpose. We will look at them in more detail as part of our review.

Device and principle of operation

Rocket furnaces have practically nothing to do with the design of rocket engines or jet turbines. On the contrary, they are extremely simple structurally, in contrast to the above devices. The similarity is noticeable only in a quietly noisy flame and high combustion temperature - all this is observed after the stove enters the operating mode.

Consider the device of rocket furnaces - they consist of the following elements:

Firebox - a vertical or horizontal area in which firewood burns;
Combustion chamber (it is also a flame tube, riser) - here the process of fuel combustion occurs with the release of a large amount of heat;
Blower - necessary for the correct operation of the stove and starting the process of burning pyrolysis gases;
Thermal insulation - envelops the vertical part, forming a drum together with the body;
Bed - used for its intended purpose;
Chimney - removes combustion products into the atmosphere, creating traction;
The support under ware - provides unhindered exit of heat.

Depending on the type of rocket furnace, certain elements may be missing.

Rocket furnaces with vertical furnaces (fuel bunkers) and blowers have the greatest efficiency and convenience - large volumes of fuel are placed here, which ensures long-term combustion.

The most important part of the rocket furnace is the vertical drum. It is in him that the most heat, as flames burst out here. In order for it to start working, it must be thoroughly warmed up. Without this, the combustion process will be weak. To warm up, paper, cardboard, small chips or thin branches are placed in the firebox. As soon as the system warms up, the flame in the drum will begin to burn out with a buzz, which is a sign that the operating mode has been reached.

A rocket (jet) stove without a blower burns wood in a direct way. It is simpler, but less efficient. The blower model supplies secondary air to the base of the riser, which causes intense combustion of combustible pyrolysis gases. This increases the efficiency of the unit.

Fireboxes in rocket furnaces are located horizontally or vertically (at any angle). Horizontal fireboxes are not very convenient, since the firewood in them has to be moved to the combustion zone manually, independently. Vertical combustion chambers are more convenient - we load fuel into them and go about our business. As the logs burn, they will fall down, independently moving towards the combustion zone.

Varieties of rocket furnaces

In this section, we will consider the most common types of rocket stoves used in field and stationary conditions.

Simple metal ovens

The simplest wood-fired jet stove is made from an L-shaped piece of large-diameter metal pipe. The horizontal part is short, it is a firebox. The combustion chamber is located in the vertical part of the pipe, firewood is actively burning here. A small metal plate is often welded into the horizontal section, forming a blower. After warming up, the rocket furnace enters the operating mode, a flame bursts out of its vertical section (flame tube).

Such rocket stoves are used for cooking in camping or outdoor conditions - due to their small area, they are characterized by low heat release, and the vast majority of heat energy escapes through the flame tube. Teapots, frying pans and pots are placed on this pipe so that the raging flame ensures their heating. To maintain traction, stands are located in the upper part of the pipe, on which dishes are placed - combustion products can freely go outside.

In order to make a metal rocket furnace from an L-shaped pipe section more efficient, it is equipped with a metal casing from an old barrel. At the bottom of the barrel you can see a blower, and a flame tube peeps out of the top. If necessary, the internal volume is filled with insulation, for example, ash - it does not burn and retains heat well.

The most convenient are metal rocket furnaces with vertical fireboxes located at an angle to the flame tube. Often, the furnace openings are closed with lids; in this case, air is taken through the blower. Sometimes the firebox is made larger in diameter than the flame tube in order to ensure long-term burning.

Simple brick ovens

A small-sized brick rocket stove is another of the easiest options for building a do-it-yourself rocket stove. For its assembly, cement mortar is not required, it is enough to lay the bricks on top of each other to get at your disposal a convenient brick outdoor cooking unit. In the section on self assembly rocket furnaces, we will suggest that you familiarize yourself with the simplest order for self-assembly.

A do-it-yourself brick rocket stove can be used to heat households. In this case, simple ordering is not enough - you will have to build a stationary version using a special cement mortar. There are many orders for this, you just have to choose suitable option. By the way, some variants of such furnaces provide for the presence of a water circuit.

Advantage of brick rocket kilns:

Simple construction;
Long-term heat retention;
The ability to create a comfortable warm couch.

Some models are made combined, they use both steel and bricks.

Complex rocket ovens

A jet stove for heating households or for a bath is characterized by increased complexity. The main link here is still the riser (flame tube), enclosed in a metal case. Its upper part can be used for cooking, forming a kind of cooking surface. The firebox is made large to accommodate an increased amount of solid fuel. The raw materials are metal, bricks and clay.

On the basis of clay coating, streamlined rocket furnaces of irregular shape are made, which is well perceived by human vision.

There are projects of wood-burning rocket stoves that provide for the presence of additional modules. Their construction schemes include small boilers for preparing hot water, hobs, water jackets, and even small ovens. Such stoves will help to heat households and create comfortable conditions for a person to live.

Water-jacketed rocket boiler based on wood stove, will help warm up a multi-room building. It is equipped with a water circuit for heating the coolant. Additional convenience is created by samples with stove benches - these stove benches are created on the basis of thermal channels between the flame and chimney pipes.

Types of stoves for different operating conditions

A rocket stove with a water circuit, brick or metal, can replace the boiler. The heat exchanger here is arranged in the upper part of the flame tube in the form of a surrounding water jacket. Jumpers are located inside the jacket for more efficient heat removal to the coolant. The design is extremely simple, it can heat households up to several tens of square meters.

A rocket stove for a garage can be made from an old pot-bellied gas bottle or barrel. To do this, two holes are made in the selected container - one in top cover, and the other on the side surface. An L-shaped pipe is inserted inside. With little experience with a welding machine, all work will take you a maximum of half an hour.

You can also make an oven of the above-described rocket type from pieces of a square and metal pipe according to the above drawing.

Also, the heating rocket stove "Ognivo-Kozyain" is suitable for heating the garage. This is a shop model made of corrugated aluminum pipe and ordinary sheet iron. It works approximately according to the same scheme and allows you to warm a garage up to 30 square meters. m.

There are no drawings of her in the public domain yet, so you can try to assemble the Flint stove with your own hands based on her photograph. It can also be purchased from the manufacturer's website.

We have already said that a long-burning rocket stove with a water circuit will be required to heat large households. A small household from one room can be heated with a simple stove with a stove bench - this way you save space on furniture. It consists of the following nodes:

Firebox with vertical loading - logs are placed in it;
Afterburner - a horizontal section in front of the riser (flame tube), pyrolysis combustion takes place here;
Riser with a hob - a vertical section with a metal case that gives off heat to the room;
Horizontal channels - they heat the stove bench, after which the combustion products are sent to the chimney.

A rocket stove for heating a house from one room is coated with clay to make a flat and comfortable bed - here you can lay a mattress or a small blanket.

For field use, the simplest rocket-type furnaces made of metal pipes are used. They are compact, easy to kindle and extinguish, cool quickly and allow you to quickly cook dinner in the open air. The main thing is not to overdo it with the amount of fuel loaded, so as not to burn the food with a high-temperature flame.

How to increase the efficiency of the stove

Long-burning jet stoves can be made even more efficient with a little tweaking. If the riser (flame tube) is closed with a metal casing, weld vertical pipes of small diameter to the outer surface - they form a convector that effectively heats the air in the premises. This modification method is suitable for metal units used for heating technical premises (for example, garages).

Any metal rocket furnace can be made more efficient by lining it with bricks or natural stone. The masonry will retain heat and slowly release it into the room. At the same time, it will allow you to get rid of unbearable heat with too intense heating.

How to make a DIY rocket stove

Let's start with the simplest brick sample designed for cooking. Such a stove can be quickly folded in your yard without clay mortar, and disassembled after use. It is also possible to assemble a stationary version - for those who like to cook on an open fire. The picture below shows a drawing of the stove, or rather, its ordering. There are only five rows here.

The first row is the base, which includes six bricks. The second row forms the firebox, and the next three rows form the riser chimney. In the first and second rows, halves of bricks are used so that the stove is rectangular, without protruding elements.

Immediately after assembly, you can start kindling - cook any dishes on the fire in cast-iron cauldrons and pans, heat kettles and pots of water.

A sheet metal oven can be both a camping and a stationary option. We have already given her drawing in the previous sections of our review. It can be used for cooking in any conditions.

Large rocket stove with bench

The main advantage of the rocket modification over the Russian stove is its compactness. Even being equipped with a couch, it will please you with its small size. Having made it out of brick, you will have at your disposal an effective source of heat with a comfortable bed - the household will fight for the right to occupy this warm place.

The presented ordering allows you to assemble a brick oven without the use of metal. Only the doors will be made of iron. Subsequently, the bricks can be smeared with clay, which will make the stove more rounded.

The first row forms the base of our rocket oven. It consists of 62 bricks laid according to the pattern shown in the figure. The second row forms channels for heating the couch - they run along its entire length. Here, cast-iron doors are mounted, fixed with metal wire - it is held between the rows. The number of bricks used - 44 pcs. The same amount will be required for the third row, completely repeating the contour of the second. The fourth row completely closes the channels that heat the bed. But here a vertical smoke channel and a firebox are already beginning to form - the row includes 59 bricks.

Another 60 is needed for the fifth row. The stove bench has already been formed, it remains to finish off the chimney channel and build a hob. The sixth row, which includes 17 bricks, is responsible for this. Another 18 are needed for the seventh row, 14 for the eighth.

The ninth and tenth row will require 14 bricks, the eleventh - 13.

Row number 12 is our key one - the chimney will start from here. Also, a hole begins from here, through which the air that has risen to the hob will go down to the bench - 11 bricks are required (this is the top of the riser). In row No. 13, this process is completed, 10 bricks are spent on it. Now we lay the asbestos gasket, which is covered with a piece of thick sheet steel - this will be the hob.