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Do-it-yourself Venetian decorative plaster. Do-it-yourself Venetian plaster - how to make it and apply it to the walls

The use of Venetian plaster in interior decoration premises allows you to create original design interior. It has a number of advantages that distinguish it from others finishing materials. Venetian plaster does not crack, does not peel off, does not change its color. The appearance of the finished coating resembles natural marble. The composition can be used where conventional plasters are not suitable. In this article, we will consider in detail the composition, application and various technologies applying Venetian plaster with your own hands, and at the end you will find step-by-step instructions from our reader

Tools for applying Venetian plaster

To apply the composition, you will need plastering trowels and spatulas. They can be used for applying wax to the plaster surface, as well as for sanding intermediate layers. Spatulas must be taken in different sizes. The base layer is applied using a large trowel and the pattern is created with a small or medium trowel. You will also need suede mittens, which will later be used to polish the finished surface. Depending on the scale of work, an appropriate amount of plaster and color will be needed. Color can be any color.


Composition of Venetian plaster

Venetian plaster consists of the finest suspensions of natural materials such as marble, gypsum and lime. Acrylic and slaked lime are used as a binder. Which one is better is impossible to say. A beginner in decoration is unlikely to be able to distinguish one material from another. As for professionals: some say that only slaked lime allows you to get the “same” result, while others say that acrylic components give the mass better plasticity, which generally affects the increase in the manufacturability of the finish.

In addition to standard components, the composition of the mixture may include the smallest pearlescent particles. Their presence allows you to make the finished surface look like silk. For this reason, the combination "wet silk" is added to such Venetian plasters. From different points of the room, the same coating will look different. A few videos on this topic.

The appearance of the finished wall depends on the application technique. Using a special technique of moving a spatula, finishers achieve the appearance of interesting patterns that repeat the texture of natural stones. The surface can have a pearlescent shade, which is achieved by adding special impurities to the plaster.

Features of the most affordable OPTIMIST ELITE plaster

Considering the comparable low cost, let's dwell on the properties of Optimist Venetian plaster. We will try to avoid advertising this material by briefly describing the characteristics indicated by the manufacturer. Products are sold in plastic buckets of 3.5, 7 or 15 kg. Optimal conditions of use imply an air temperature in the working room in the range from 5 to 35 degrees Celsius. For application, a standard set of tools is used: a steel trowel, a pair of spatulas, a polishing machine with a soft nozzle. Drying of a layer of standard thickness - about a day.


Estimated cost:
- 3.5 kg - 750 rubles.
- 7 kg - 1350 rubles.
- 15 kg - 2750 rubles.

  • at the first stage, a thin layer of plaster is applied to the surface, trying already at this stage to create some kind of pattern. The layer is allowed to dry for about an hour;
  • to get rid of minor flaws, the dried surface is lightly sanded with a large spatula - smoothed in order to level it;
  • apply the second layer in the same manner as the first;
  • the last layer of decorative plaster is applied with a spatula, because. the coating should be translucent and thin - to give it more depth. The work is postponed for half an hour to dry the material, after which the wall is smoothed with a spatula. For dry rooms, the work is over;
  • if it is supposed to use plaster Optimist for walls wet room(toilet, bathroom, kitchen), then the final stage of work will be the surface treatment with wax and subsequent polishing to obtain a gloss

In the video below, you can more clearly see the methodology for using this material.

Application technology

Application technology is complex. If you have any questions, it is better to go to master classes, which are often held in company stores selling decorative plaster.

First of all, you need to pay attention to a large spatula, the edges of which should be rounded, so that you can firmly press the plaster into the wall. The spatula should not have mechanical damage and defects. Before you start laying the plaster, the wall is covered with a special primer. The wall must be perfectly flat, otherwise the plaster simply will not hold. The first layer of plaster is carefully compacted and leveled, after which it must be allowed to dry. If, after drying, irregularities remain on the surface of the plaster, they can be easily removed with a trowel.

Layer by layer

After 6-8 hours, the next layer of plaster is applied, on top of which a finishing layer is already applied. The marble pattern characteristic of Venetian plaster is created by brush strokes with small spatulas. In this case, the color of the layer should be different from the previous one. Once the pattern is ready, it must be polished with a large spatula or trowel. Depending on the sanding technique used, the finished surface can be glossy or matt. You need to work with the material quickly, as the composition dries quickly and becomes less plastic. When mixing plaster and color, attention should be paid to the amount of the finished solution - due to the dense laying, hands begin to hurt quickly, and the solution itself quickly hardens.

Wax protection

A wax protective coating is applied over the last layer of Venetian plaster, giving gloss and water repellency. Do not apply too much wax, as after drying it can darken and spoil appearance. As soon as the wax hardens, it can be further polished with a suede mitt. After 20-25 days, carbonization processes will end in the plaster, it will become more durable, after which it can be washed.


Externally, the finished wall will look like it is made of natural marble. An additional effect of similarity gives a wax coating. You can finish with Venetian plaster not only walls, but also various arches, as well as doorways. During the next repair, you won’t have to tear off the plaster - you can paint over it with paints, as well as glue wallpaper.

Illustrative examples of finishing (video)

As the saying goes, it's better to see once than hear a hundred times. Therefore, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with several interesting videos. The video below is an example of applying acrylic Venetian plaster.

And here you can get acquainted in detail with one of the author's methods of applying the Venetian. The material is lengthy, but the amount of valuable advice in it rolls over.

Another interesting technique. As a result, the surface is covered with decorative cracks. Read about antique plastering here.

Relatively simple method of applying the composition. In our opinion, it is more suitable for finishing a bathroom or toilet.

Do it yourself, or Additional motivation

Above, we gave the estimated cost of the material for finishing one "square" of the wall. If you decide to experiment, then independent work will only cost you your own time. In the worst case, also nerves. But if you intend to pay third-party specialists, you need to be prepared for an increase in costs from 600 or more rubles per square meter. In Moscow and St. Petersburg - more expensive, in the regions the appetites of finishers are more modest. But still, you need to understand that a professional master will take from 1000 rubles only for his work. for every sq. m. finishing with Venetian plaster. The cost will increase as your requests increase and the complexity of the work (wall height, surface quality and geometry) increases. Cheap and beautiful will not work.

This can be seen from the reviews.

Those who dare to self-finishing walls with Venetian plaster, note the great laboriousness of the work. Therefore, you should not rush from one extreme to another - first try to work in "test mode": we take a sheet of plywood or fiberboard with an area of ​​at least 1 sq. m. and trying to transform it. With this approach, you can try several techniques and choose the best one.

About tinting

If you decide to tint the mixture yourself, then carefully calculate the required amount of material - when re-kneading, it will not work to guess the color. How much plaster do you need? It is better to find out about this yourself by making test strokes on a square meter of the test surface. You should not trust the data written on the packaging - the material consumption is determined by the technique of its application.

As for tinting, there is one more nuance. Do not rush to fill in large volumes of the coloring composition, do it gradually, achieving uniform mixing of the mixture and subsequently adjusting the color saturation. This approach will take more time, but the chances of getting "what you need" are higher.

A few more nuances

It is best to work together, in conveyor mode: one applies the composition to the wall, the second gives the stain the desired shape. This is faster and more efficient, especially when you consider that finishing with Venetian plaster is even a purely physically complex process. Not to mention the creative side.

Get ready for what final result will appear only at the final stages of work. This is just the case when you should not especially plan the appearance of the surface. When applying the mixture, it is recommended to periodically move away from the wall and inspect the entire canvas as a whole in order to understand where to go next.

Well, as for the reviews about specific types of plaster, they are in 90% of cases of an advertising nature. Therefore, their information content was questioned.

Update: personal experience

One of our readers, as part of our proposal, sent a photo essay on the application of Venetian plaster. Watch and admire

In order to finish the walls with Venetian plaster, you will need:

  1. Venetian plaster and contrasting color. You can choose the tone of the color scheme to your liking, it will only be visible in places and will not become the main color. In our example, this is the color "green apple".
  2. Water-based paint and color scheme suitable for its tinting. In our example, this is a blue concentrate, by adding which we got the desired blue tint.
  3. Acrylic varnish for the final coating of the walls, it will help to add shine, make the walls resistant to dirt. In addition, such a coating will be easy for you to wash and clean.
  4. Putty and primer for preparing walls for plaster.
  5. Auxiliary tools - spatulas, a special structural roller, grout mesh, etc.


The first stage is the preparation of the walls. They are puttied in advance to a smooth state, then treated with a primer. The plaster must be tinted to the desired color shade. When tinting, keep in mind that after drying, the surface becomes a little lighter (like many mixtures), so the tone should be created brighter.

Let's start drawing. First, we take a little mixture on the edge of the spatula, trying to evenly distribute the composition along the edge of the tool.

We apply the plaster in a thin layer (approximately 3 mm) and evenly distribute it over the surface. It should be applied from the bottom up: with this method, the plaster does not spread along the wall and does not drip onto the floor.

After applying to the walls, the plaster layer is leveled with a spatula in all directions. At one time, areas of more than 1.5-2 square meters should not be covered.

When applying plaster, carefully bypass sockets and switches.

After applying the Venetian on a small area (1-2 sq.m.), it is necessary, without waiting for drying, to give the coating a texture, for which a special structural roller is used. You need to roll the roller with the same pressure so that the texture is uniform.

First, carefully work the edge of the wall - the surface from the corner or doorway. Try to run the roller along the wall from the bottom up only once, then the texture will be large and interesting.

When the first part of the wall is processed, you can proceed to the next section. The peculiarity of the texture roller is that the more often you run it over one area, the smaller the texture fragments on the surface are, so you should not overlap the new area with the already finished one. A small gap that sometimes forms between sectors is easy to roll up with a roller and turn into a homogeneous structure.




Gradually cover the entire surface of the walls and let it dry. Drying time depends on temperature and humidity. In a room with average humidity and a temperature of 20 ° C, the plaster will dry completely in 15-20 hours.

The next stage is the coating with water-based paint. When choosing a color for the second layer, you can choose contrasting colors (as in this example) or choose adjacent tones of plaster and paint. The color wheel can help you choose a color: it is believed that harmonious combinations are neighboring colors in a circle, or vice versa, opposite ones.

For getting blue color add a little blue color to white paint and mix well until smooth.

Using a soft roller, paint all walls with a layer of water-based paint.




You need to paint the surface of the walls in one layer, but the paint should lay down in a dense layer. To do this, wet the roller with plenty of paint so that the thickness of the coating is sufficient.

The sequence of applying paint can be any, i.e. can be painted first lower part all the walls, and then start painting at a height.

Venetian plaster appeared a long time ago, it was used by the ancient Romans. In Italian it is called stucco veneziano. Everyone knows that marble was the most popular in those days, and decoration was carried out using its waste - stone dust and small fragments of stone. There are no external differences in such a finish from natural marble or other material, and it is much easier to handle it.

What it is?

Venetian plaster is a finishing layer when decorating walls, ceilings of a room or building facades. Possesses fine decorative characteristics.

The price is high, but the effect is significant: the room acquires respectability and special sophistication.

There are several types:

  • Veneto- imitates marble. The simplest variety in terms of application and care relative to others. For cleaning, the use of a sponge and ordinary water is allowed.
  • Trevignano- up to 12 layers are used to create a coating. For binding, polymers are added to the composition. Favorably emphasizes classic vintage furniture, baroque or their modern counterparts.

  • Marbello- is a small glossy blotches on a matte background. When applied, mixes of different colors are used. Often used together with substances that increase the hydrophobicity of the coating.
  • encausto- it is characteristic that the plaster is similar to semi-gloss or glossy granite. Requires waxing after drying.

We list the advantages of Venetian plaster:

  • strength - does not form cracks, withstands significant external influences;
  • has a water-repellent effect after treatment with special wax, so it can be used in rooms with high humidity - bathroom, sauna, swimming pool, bath;
  • environmentally pure material, safe for humans, since the main component is crushed natural stone;
  • perfectly reflects the rays of light falling on the surface - the "glow effect";
  • the material is fireproof;
  • the mixture can be made at home.

The disadvantages include the high price and special requirements for the base on which the decorative layer will be applied.

Features and composition of the plaster

In ancient times, only natural ingredients were included in the composition of Venetian plaster. Today, acrylic is often used as a binder instead of lime. synthetic material allows you to increase plasticity and prevents the appearance of cracks after the solution dries.

Mixture Ingredients:

  • stone dust (the finer the fraction, the better);
  • dyes (colours);
  • binders;
  • emulsions based on acrylic or water;
  • sometimes gypsum, other additives are added;
  • wax is used to protect against moisture and give shine.

Finished plaster can have a rough or completely smooth surface, imitate various textures. The application feature implies careful preparation of the base for plastering. There should be no bumps, drops, chips and cracks, otherwise they will become noticeable after the solution dries.

The use of natural crumbs in the mixture - onyx, malachite, marble, granite, quartz and the like, allows you to create magnificent coatings that are not inferior in beauty to natural stone. At the same time, the surface has no joints, it looks like a single monolith. The pattern of walls treated with such plaster is easy to restore, change their texture.

Material Quantity Calculation

  1. We calculate the total area of ​​​​all treated surfaces with a small margin. The thickness of the layer and the consumption per square meter are found on the packaging.
  2. Of course, the required amount of materials directly depends on the number of layers, but the average consumption is 0.5 kg / m2.

Formula:

N = R x S x K,

N is the amount of plaster,

R is its amount per square meter,

S- total area surfaces,

K is the number of layers.

Preparing the mixture

Plaster is made from three parts: stone chips, a binder (you can use slaked lime or various acrylic resins) and colors. Such plaster is used on walls and ceilings made of almost any material.

You can buy materials:

  • a crumb of stone - in a workshop of the corresponding profile;
  • slaked lime, resins and colors - in retail chains.

It is important to know that you cannot just come to the store, buy and apply the finished mixture for Venetian plaster on the wall. Required creativity in its preparation. With a certain amount of free time and effort, Venetian plaster can be prepared with your own hands according to several recipes.

From stone chips

Coloring and texture can be anything: imitate leather, silk, stone. Such plaster is translucent, which allows you to achieve a unique play of light.

Work order:

  1. We mix three parts of sand (pure) with three parts of gypsum putty and one part of building gypsum.
  2. We mix everything with water until the desired viscosity is obtained.
  3. While stirring, add plaster putty until we get a homogeneous mass.
  4. Paint is added to the mixture before it is applied to walls and ceilings.

If you bought the mixture in the store:

  • follow the manufacturer's instructions, they are necessarily attached;
  • remember that the mixture at the end of cooking should be of medium density;
  • when the mixture is ready, leave it for a quarter of an hour, after which it must be mixed again;
  • mixing is strictly not recommended if the air temperature is below + 10 ° C;
  • one batch can cover such an area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe surface so that the border with the plaster from the next batch of mortar is not visible.

tinting

Giving color to the mixture is another important stage in the preparation of plaster. We select a color scheme. You can use the so-called "tinting fan", which contains both colors and many of their shades. Tools will come in handy: a sheet of white paper, a place for test mixtures to determine the shade, a spatula and dyes. There should also be some white Venetian plaster and the right colors.

What should be done:

  1. We choose the main dye and add to the base - plaster white color.
  2. Stir with a spatula until a uniform color.
  3. We put a little colored mixture on the paper and compare it with the sample on the “fan”, determine which shade needs to be added / removed. If necessary, this step is repeated several times.

It should be borne in mind that the color after drying will be approximately a tone and a half lighter than with samples.

Tools for the job

  • mixture of Venetian plaster;
  • primer;
  • wax;
  • putty;
  • roller;
  • a special trowel used for Venetian plaster;
  • spatulas of different widths;
  • sandpaper of varying degrees of graininess;

  • grinder;
  • technical hair dryer;
  • centimeter / tape measure;
  • masking tape;
  • rags / suede / silk;
  • construction mixer (you can pick up any other device);
  • a place for mixing the components of the mixture;
  • stencils.

Surface preparation

  1. We remove the remaining coating from the wall or ceiling, all contamination from previous finishing works: oil, dust, wallpaper paste on the walls, putty, and the like.
  2. Obvious irregularities are eliminated by filling them with cement and sand, minor ones - with putty.
  3. We use a grinder, sandpaper with different grains.
  4. We apply the first layer of putty, let it dry and put a layer of fine final putty on top.
  5. We rub with sandpaper.
  6. Later, we impregnate the wall twice with a primer. We do this with breaks of 3-4 hours in order to increase the permeability of the layers.
  7. It may be necessary to apply another layer of tint so that the plaster is the same tone as the primer.

Application methods

It should be noted that the invitation of hired specialists who will not work for free, and the very decoration with Venetian plaster - expensive pleasure. Self-production of the solution and the application of simple textures allows you to save a lot, and the result justifies all efforts. There are certain rules and technology for applying the Venetian.

Step-by-step instruction:

  • We apply as thin a layer of facing putty as possible and wait 6-8 hours until it dries completely.
  • Apply primer evenly. The water / mixture ratio scheme is 1 to 7. Most likely, it will be correct to put 2 layers of primer.
  • We begin to apply the plaster from the top of the wall with light arcuate movements down and to the side. Unlike a primer, the mixture is applied unevenly.
  • It is necessary to monitor the saturation of the color of the paint, so that later you do not have to add layers of plaster to correct inconsistencies in the color scheme.

  • We apply the initial layers with a wide spatula with short movements in an arc.
  • After the process is completed, we look at the layer thickness, try to minimize it.
  • Again we take a wide spatula in our hands, smooth the Venetian from the bottom up and from the top down, crosswise.
  • We polish the entire area with a float at an angle of 10 degrees.
  • If there is a socket on the wall, the surface around it is processed in the direction away from it. A spatula of smaller width or a grater is used.
  • Any noticed defects / shortcomings / layer thickness - we fix it while the Venetian remains wet.
  • If necessary, treat the surface with wax - polish.

Here are a few different techniques for simulating the application of a Venetian:

Venetian plaster imitating marble

  1. We apply the plaster randomly, covering the entire surface;
  2. Add texture while the mixture is still wet with a trowel;
  3. We pause for a couple of hours, during which we prepare 2-4 varieties of the mixture with additives different colors. We apply them little by little with a spatula or trowel with strokes over the entire surface along a long arc.
  4. Dry for about a day. You can repeat this procedure several times, leaving about a day to dry between each cycle.
  5. We grind the wall three times with various nozzles using a grinder.
  6. The next step is ironing. For ironing, it is necessary to press the trowel to the surface with considerable force.
  7. In conclusion, we treat the wall / ceiling with varnish / wax.

Venetian plaster imitating the classic version

  1. The first layer is applied in the same way as for marble imitation. We pause for a couple of hours to dry.
  2. We process excess plaster with a trowel.
  3. Ironing is carried out until we achieve the effect of a metallic sheen.
  4. We prepare a monochromatic plaster, apply it, again return to the ironing process, after which we wait a shorter time - 30-40 minutes is enough.
  5. With further imposition of layers, we follow the same sequence.
  6. We use the grinder with three different nozzles only when the surface is completely dry.
  7. We cover the wall with wax / varnish.

Venetian plaster imitating craquelure

Craquelure means "antique" in French.

Procedure:

  1. Apply a thick layer of plaster with a spatula with random movements.
  2. We heat the surface with an electric hair dryer so that cracks appear on the plaster due to contrasting temperature changes.
  3. When cracks appear, we wait for drying - about 24 hours.
  4. The finishing Venetian is applied in a thin layer and should have a color different from the previous one.
  5. We finish the process with the usual three-stage grinding with ironing.

Venetian plaster imitating cork wood

  1. We start with a layer that has different colors. It is prepared by incomplete mixing of solutions of two or three different tones.
  2. With a trowel or a wide spatula, we apply a thick layer to the wall, then dry it thoroughly with a building hair dryer.
  3. Hairdryer use on various distances from the wall to obtain an inhomogeneous texture - characteristic cracks.
  4. We pause for two days for further drying.
  5. We impose a second layer of plaster, it should have a shade of color that differs from the first layer.
  6. We grind the plaster with emery or a grinder.
  7. We cover the wall with wax or varnish.

Textured Venetian plaster

  • We cover the surface of the wall / ceiling with a water-dispersion primer.
  • Let the coating dry and wear a layer of covering primer.
  • We take a break for a couple of hours.
  • We apply the plaster in a thin, even layer using a fur roller and leave to dry for three to four hours.
  • Smooth the surface with a narrow metal spatula.
  • We impose the second layer of the Venetian with a trowel.

  • Dry the surface for six hours.
  • We repeat the removal of irregularities.
  • Add a topcoat to the Venetian to create a final coat using a mixer or a drill with a nozzle.
  • We expect 6 hours to dry.
  • By ironing with a trowel, we obtain the effect of a metallic sheen.
  • Polishing - apply a layer of wax.

If you are tired of the usual wallpaper, it's time to master a new wall decoration technique. After all, do-it-yourself Venetian plaster is a creative and very exciting process. You can get the most unusual options both with the help of ready-made mixtures, and with your own preparations.

What is a Venetian?

The method of finishing walls under stone (marble, malachite, jasper or granite) is called Venetian plaster. This refined and very elegant technique can be used in any home and in any way of decorating rooms. It goes well with even the most modern styles, such as hi-tech or techno. True, in this case, it is better to choose light pastel or almost white shades for decoration.

By varying the types of techniques, with the help of a Venetian, you can also get the effects of a canvas, aged silver, copper or bronze. She can even draw whole pictures. You can plaster in this way not only walls, but also any decorative elements, panels or frescoes. Moreover, the Venetian is able to easily withstand temperature changes, and caring for her is easy and simple. You can wash it with a brush with plain soapy water.

Venetian plaster

Advice. You can decorate with a Venetian not only walls, but also ceilings.

Mortar for Venetian plaster

Since the time of ancient Rome, little has changed in her technique: slaked lime is also introduced into the composition of the solution (it can be replaced with acrylic putty), stone flour and coloring pigments. Upon completion of work, the surface is covered with a layer of natural wax. Expensive wax, if desired, can be replaced with ordinary colorless varnish.

Venetian plaster can be purchased in the form of a ready-made solution or prepared independently. For this you will need:

Dry slaked lime or putty;

Stone chips of fine fraction;

Color tint (depending on the finishing method, one or more shades may be needed);

Natural wax.

To achieve desired color, paints are first mixed with a dry base, and then combined together. Please note that each batch of mortar may have different shades. If a significant surface is planned to be plastered, and it is not possible to immediately dilute the required amount of the mixture, the components to be introduced should be accurately measured.


Ready mix

Advice. The finer the components to be mixed, the more glossy the surface will be. To create a “thin” pattern, compositions should be selected that are crushed almost to dust.

Surface preparation

Before finishing the wall, it is necessary to carefully prepare: putty and sand. The surface should be perfectly flat - after all, the smallest tubercles, pits and roughness will be visible on it. Experienced craftsmen cover the walls with fiberglass or wallpaper for painting before starting work. To get a smooth surface, the seams are aligned before that.

The last layer is white primer giving an even color. It will not allow the surface to crack and provides reliable adhesion between the wall and the mortar. Before applying the primer wall must be thoroughly dried.


Primer

Main stages of work

Working with a Venetian is a rather painstaking and time-consuming task: for 1 sq. m an experienced master spends five to six times more time than when working with ordinary plaster. To fill your hand, it is better to master this technique from small sections of the wall or individual decorative elements: paintings, panels or frescoes.

1. To obtain a high-quality coating, the mixture is applied in several stages - there can be from 3-4 to 10 such layers.


Each layer can have a different shade

2. For convenience, the wall must be visually divided into separate sections of 0.5-1 m.

3. After applying each layer, it is necessary to let it dry thoroughly, sand it with a building float to remove excess plaster, and only then apply the second one.


Grinding

4. All layers must be thin, almost transparent. The first and last layer is applied with slightly weakened pressure.


The plaster is distributed randomly over the surface

5. The solution is applied in small strokes using a trowel in a chaotic manner. dry to wet. The movements must be arched. If desired, strokes can have one tone, but different shades.

6. Spatula carefully after each stroke wiped with a rag.


Colors are selected depending on the desired result.

7. When moving to the next section, it is necessary to “cling” the boundaries of the previous section.


Main stages of work

8. After the final drying of the solution for 24 hours, to make the surface waterproof, glossy and matte, it is processed natural wax. It, like the solution, is applied in a thin layer soft cloth smooth circular motions. Colors after such processing become brighter and more saturated.

9. After the wax has dried, the surface is polished with a soft flannel.


Wax for a Venetian


Venetian plaster is not only attractive, but very durable coating.

Types of techniques

The appearance of the surface depends on the composition of the solution and how it is applied. There are many techniques of Venetian plaster.

We list just a few of them:

carrara marble: this stone in its natural form is practically no longer found, however, it is possible to create its quite high-quality imitation; this requires very painstaking work and the application of up to 12 layers of plaster of several colors; the meaning of the method lies in the selection of similar and contrasting shades;


Carrara marble

craquelure: you can get a cracked “aged” coating by applying a special finishing composition - a special varnish, which, when dried, “tightens” the plaster; even a beginner can master such a technique;


Craquelure technique

Marseille wax: using this method, they imitate tree bark or old stone; walls are tinted with wax twice; to create contrast, the second layer may have a different shade from the first.


Marseille wax

Advice. You can even imitate Venetian plaster with the help of an ordinary crumpled plastic bag, a sponge or a small brush. First, a small layer of plaster is applied to the wall, it is evenly distributed over the surface with a spatula, and then shaded in a chaotic manner.


Imitation of Venetian plaster with a sponge, brush or bag


canvas imitation


You can also create chaotic patterns on the wall using a special print.

Master class: Venetian plaster

Many people are surprised by the Venetian plaster glowing from the inside, which has the effect of translucency: only professionals know how to apply a coating of amazing beauty. But even beginners in the painting business can master simple techniques for working with Venetian mixtures. The main thing is to follow correct order actions. Before starting work, it is worth making test samples on pieces of plywood or drywall to get a feel for how the delicate Venetian behaves.

All methods of applying Venetian plaster require the obligatory alignment of the walls. Alignment is carried out in 2 stages: the wall is prepared for puttying with the starting compositions, the finishing putty mixture is brought to perfect smoothness. If leveling is carried out by hired workers, you should order putty for painting or clarify that the decoration will be done with Venetian plaster.

After leveling, the wall is dried for 24-48 hours. The final polishing of the surface is done with a fine-grained emery cloth. Dust must be carefully removed.

Impregnate the wall with a primer for lime and gypsum plasters(with quartz filler). The choice of primers is quite large, and their characteristics practically do not differ from each other. It is advisable to apply 2 coats of primer to ensure good adhesion of the decorative coating to the wall.

Applying Venetian plaster will require little:

  • trowel;
  • metal spatula;
  • dry rag;
  • emery cloth with very fine grain;
  • finished or dry Venetian plaster;
  • color;
  • polishing wax.

The material for Venetian plaster consists of a lime binder and a filler (marble dust) and is laid in a very thin layer.

Instrument preparation

If the spatulas and trowel are new, then you need to carefully inspect all their edges, corners and work surface. There should not be the slightest defect on the instrument. Professional craftsmen use old, well-served trowels to apply the Venetian: they have sharpened rounded corners and a very smooth surface.

New tools can be prepared specially:

  • carefully cut off the corners of the spatula and trowel with metal scissors;
  • process the sections first with a file, and then with a fine sandpaper;
  • sand the edges and planes of the tool with sandpaper.

Since Venetian plaster must be applied in a very thin layer (1-2 mm), the possibility of the appearance of the smallest scratches must be avoided. For this, such a thorough preparation of the working tool is needed.

Classic is the easiest way

Before applying Venetian plaster, you need to mix the finished composition (in the form of a paste) until smooth or combine the dry mixture with water. The proportions of the components are indicated on the packaging of the Venetian, and the ratio of water and mixture must be very strictly observed. It is very important to pour the dry ingredients into the liquid, and not vice versa. During the filling of the dry mixture, the mass must be mixed, bringing it to uniformity. Leave the mass to infuse for 5-7 minutes and mix again.

The classic scheme for decorating walls with Venetian plaster consists of 3 stages:

  • applying the base layer;
  • laying 2-3 decorative layers that form a pattern;
  • sanding and waxing.

To get a color coating, you need to add color to the plaster. This can be done directly in the store where the mixture is purchased. You can also tint it yourself, given that the plaster will be lighter when it dries. In order not to make a mistake in choosing a shade, you can apply a smear of the colored mixture on a white surface and dry it.

The rules for applying the base layer are not particularly complicated. It is very convenient to take the mixture with a spatula, laying it on the edge of the trowel. After that, the tool must be pressed against the wall surface at a slight angle: the front edge must be raised by about the thickness of a finger. Rub the mass into the surface with a free arcuate motion. Cover the entire wall gradually, in small squares.

It is very important to apply strokes so that they overlap the neighboring ones by 0.5-1 cm. The plastered wall must be dried for 6-8 hours (you can leave it overnight). Apply the following layer on the prepared surface:

  1. Dial plaster paste on the trowel. Spread it over the base layer with short and long strokes. At this stage, uniform application should not be achieved: chaotic strokes create an unusual texture of the finished plaster. Smooth out irregularities with a trowel.
  2. Dry the wall for 2-3 hours.
  3. Treat the surface with sandpaper, removing all small irregularities.

In conclusion, the coating is glazed. Apply a strip of mortar on a wide spatula, press the tool against the wall, holding it at a very large angle to the wall surface (75-80º). Make an extensive stroke in one continuous movement, pressing the spatula firmly against the wall.

On the applied stroke, you need to draw the spatula again, smoothing it and making the paste layer very thin. Glazing is desirable to produce separate squares (about 1 m²). Having processed 1 square, you need to move on to the next. Having finished applying the solution, return to the previous one and polish it with a clean spatula to a light gloss. Apply the solution on the 3rd square, polish the 2nd area and cover the new part of the wall with paste.

It is convenient to arrange the squares when glazing with a ladder, starting from the upper corner of the wall and gradually moving to the side and down. The boundaries of individual sections need to be joined with a slight overlap, combining them together. Having finished finishing, polish the wall again with a spatula and dry it.

A high-quality plastered surface will not need sanding. In the presence of the smallest irregularities, it is worth wiping it a little with very fine sandpaper, smoothing it to perfect condition. Dust must be removed very carefully so that the wax lays evenly. That is why the craftsmen prefer to polish the wall well, avoiding the use of an abrasive: the smallest dust particles constantly settle on the wall and complicate the work.

Wax application

For wall waxing, special compositions based on natural wax are used. You can buy them in the same construction departments where the mixture for Venetian plaster was purchased. The composition is applied in a thin layer:

  • gain mass on a wide spatula, perform a smear, stretching the wax over the surface with a long straight movement with a slight pressure;
  • run over the same place again, removing the excess.

When applying wax, try to leave a very thin layer without streaks at the edges of the stroke. All flaws reduce the quality of the coating, as they become very noticeable after polishing. Processing is most conveniently done in small sections, which the master will have time to finish in 20-30 minutes. When applying wax, you need to use a glazing scheme: starting from the top corner, with a ladder, processing a section of the wall and returning to the previous one.

The wax has time to dry while the wall is being finished. Having finished the work, you need to immediately proceed to the final stage - polishing. To add shine, use a soft dry cloth. With a rag, you need to perform circular movements, achieving the appearance of gloss.

Venetian with craquelure effect

Another very easy-to-perform method is to imitate an old, cracked wall from time to time. Thanks to various additives in the polishing layer (wax or varnish), the decorative effect of such a coating is very high. This technology of applying Venetian plaster requires less time than the classic version.

In addition to the standard set of tools for Venetian plaster, in this case it is advisable to purchase a building hair dryer. This will significantly speed up the drying process of the coating. For finishing you can use glitters, metallic powder (under gold or silver), phosphor (TAT33 noxton, for example) or leave wax or varnish colorless.

The effect of cracking lies in the method of applying a layer of plaster:

  1. Apply a white or tinted Venetian mixture to the prepared wall in a rather thick layer (about 2 mm), without trying to even out the surface. Strokes should be performed with arcuate or straight movements in different directions, chaotically. You need to trim small sections of the wall (about 1 m² each).
  2. Randomly draw a trowel over wet plaster, forming lines along which the coating will crack. To do this, you need to press the tool against the wall with the entire plane and with light pressure move it in the desired direction. Make a few more of these movements. Stripes appear on the coating, slightly rising above the surface.
  3. Turn on the hair dryer to the maximum. From a very close distance (1-1.5 cm), heat the plaster, drying it. As it dries, a pattern of cracks appears on the surface.
  4. With fine sandpaper, slightly clean the surface, showing the pattern and leveling the surface. Remove dust carefully.
  5. Add color, glitters or luminous phosphor powder to varnish or wax. Apply wax in the usual way, as in classic version. It is easier to varnish the wall with a roller, rolling each section well so that the composition penetrates into the cracks.

After drying, the wall is completely ready for use. Lacquering gives the plaster greater resistance to wet cleaning. But such a coating is devoid of the mysterious volumetric effect inherent in wax.

Marble plaster

The technique of applying Venetian plaster imitating the surface of marble is not particularly complicated, but rather time consuming. With this method, the master actually draws a pattern inherent in the stone. The creative process implies the presence of artistic skill and a sense of color.

The pattern of marble slabs consists of smooth transitions of shades of the same color with occasional splashes of black. Almost parallel layers are visible on the polished plane, formed during the sedimentation of calcareous crystals. You can create a similar pattern using colors and conventional working tools: a spatula and a trowel.

The technology for applying marbled Venetian plaster includes laying the base layer. It can be left white or tinted in one of the shades. Strokes should be long and located along the future layering of the pattern. After slightly drying the surface (5-7 minutes), you can additionally draw uneven long lines with a trowel.

Color the Venetian in 2-3 shades of color. Separately, make some black paste. Apply different plasters to the trowel without mixing it. Add a few drops of black. Observing the previously chosen direction of layering, stretch the paste over the surface with long uneven strokes. At the borders of strokes and areas, you should try to overlap, continuing the drawing. Finishing the next square, dry it for 15-20 minutes and polish with a spatula to a gloss.

Decorative Venetian plaster, the application technology of which is quite simple, is becoming increasingly popular. You can make it with your own hands, it is important to follow the rules that are the same for all methods: apply with separate strokes. Overlapping each other, they create color transitions that can be emphasized by applying wax or varnish.

Which has long been appreciated by admirers of the interior, decorated in a classic style.

Most often you can find material that imitates such natural materials, like marble, which, combined with color variations, gives a huge scope for imagination and creative ideas.

The basis of the material includes acrylic and other mineral components that play the role of binding elements.
The plaster is designed for both internal and external finishing works, at the same time it is able to give the facade or walls excellent resistance to atmospheric precipitation and good adhesion in general.

Main material classifications

  1. According to external indicators:
    • artistic;
  2. In composition:
    • a dispersion of an acrylate-lime copolymer;
    • based on acrylic;
    • based on lime.

Embossed Venetian plaster

The main difference smooth venetian plaster from relief is the presence of solid granules, the diameter of which is not more than 2 mm. In essence, the surface of this material cannot be smooth in any way, therefore, to give it the necessary texture, it is applied final layer of wax, which binds to the first layer and has excellent gloss.
The effect of aging of the material gives the roughness of the last of the layers. Externally, the material resembles aged marble. This type of material can only be applied in several layers, the top of which is covered with a small layer of wax with different color effects.

smooth venetian plaster

This type of material is from marble dust and binder resulting in an almost perfectly smooth surface. Modern manufacturers most often use lime and an acrylate copolymer dispersion as a binder, which makes the base material very predictable at the time of application to the surface and in color.

Enough a rare occurrence on the modern market is a material whose binder is only lime, since it is extremely difficult to work with such a material because:

  • because of the big risk of severe lightening(up to five tones), it is extremely difficult to choose a color;
  • this type of plaster staining of the base exclusively in light colors;
  • present stain effect, which can be detected by dark spots on certain areas of the surface.
Not the last role in the final form of the coating is played by wax. It not only gives a specific shine that no varnish can replace, but also gives significant protection to the top layer of the coating. When using paint products, the surface will acquire a glossy finish, but not the effect of a marble surface.

Artistic Venetian plaster

This kind of Venetian combines from four colors. Like many other materials used in finishing work, they are glossy, the material used in the manufacture of plaster does not play a role.

Craftsmanship and ability to work with a brush still belongs to the category of basic skills, since in fact, with the help of certain devices and when used instead of conventional paints a picture is drawn.

This technology is used if you want to give the surface the look natural stone with a huge number of colored textures, inclusions, cracks and veins. The price of such work is compared with the cost of painting and is carried out in several stages.

History of occurrence

Although this type of plaster is called Venetian, it was invented during the time of Ancient Rome. In this once prosperous state, marble was the main building material. During the construction of buildings or structures, a lot of waste was produced (chips, broken blocks), and one of the then architects thought of using this waste again.

And so it began to exist, which was much easier to use than full-fledged stone blocks, and in terms of external indicators, it was no different from solid marble blocks. Centuries later, this material was rediscovered by local Venetian craftsmen, and many artists preferred to use plastered canvas for further painting.

Composition

For many centuries the main composition has not changed much, not counting the methods of modern processing and the presence of synthetic substitutes for many components. The ratios and proportions between the components have changed, but not significantly, which allows you to use the knowledge of past centuries when applying Venetian plaster to this day.

The finer the grains of the dust used, the easier it is to apply the material to the surface and the better the product is considered.

The main components of Venetian plaster:

  • binder;
  • stone chips;
  • dye.

During Roman times, slaked soda served as a binder in the manufacture of the base material. Water and various dyes can be categorized as other ingredients used, as well as plant sap, animal blood, and other substances.

The material was considered ready when all components were mixed and the mass acquired a creamy state. Based general formulation, you can make a completely logical conclusion that this type of plaster can be made independently at home.

Modern manufacturers use various synthetic substances that perform the function of a binder no worse than lime, such as acrylic and many others. Most experts believe that only the Venetian plaster, which made according to old recipes, can fully convey the play of light, shadow and brilliance of marble.

And animal blood, which was previously used as a dye, can be replaced with ordinary dyes, and lime and marble are sold almost everywhere, so get all the necessary components won't be too difficult.

Basic properties

If you decide to carry out this type of finishing work yourself, then first of all you need to familiarize yourself with main features of Venetian plaster. This knowledge will allow you to make the most of the knowledge gained about this material. The color of the coating can be absolutely anything, although many still prefer marble imitation.

The main thing is to add a coloring pigment immediately before applying.

The transparent structure of the plaster allows you to achieve indescribable play of light, which once again focuses on the fact that any surface must be prepared very well, otherwise all the irregularities will become noticeable. This kind of material excellent application on a brick, wooden and concrete surface, but the main aspect is the preparation of the site for the subsequent application of the material.

After a layer of plaster has been applied to the surface, the material will begin to independently absorb the carbon present indoors or outdoors, after which carbonization process, which will lead to the formation of a specific carbon film. As a result, a hard, vapor-permeable and moisture-resistant coating is obtained, the service life of which will be at least 15 years. Minor differences between synthetic and mineral based material, do not change the basic properties of the plaster.

Various textures will allow you to make a choice in favor of the best option to any existing interior. But these are already personal preferences of everyone, since it is the customer who creates the pattern that would be combined with the overall design of the interior.

The only and very significant drawback of this type of plaster can be called it high cost. But if it was decided to do DIY Venetian plaster, you can save a considerable amount and the end result will be worth the money and time spent.

Material application

I would like to immediately point out that application technology this type of finish is the main difficulty of the entire workflow. At correct execution simple operations in the end you should get an excellent result. Application is a rather time-consuming, complex and lengthy process, but the final result will depend on it.

Basic application technology

  • to begin with, the base must be perfectly aligned;
  • applied first special layer of primer and then let it dry completely.
  • tinted, after which the bulk of the plaster is applied with a thin layer with a spatula. Surface cleaning is carried out only after layer is completely dry., after which the resulting irregularities are eliminated. Such simple manipulations must be repeated with each subsequent layer;
  • surface brushed in a circular motion using fine sandpaper;
  • white or clear wax is applied last and is final and protective layer.

Materials and equipment you may need

To get an excellent result, you will need the following basic tools:

  • containers for water and mixtures;
  • nozzle for a drill type “mixer” or a construction mixer;
  • spatulas;
  • sponge;
  • rags;
  • roller;
  • trowel;
  • polishing machine with wax nozzle.

Preparing the mixture

It can be prepared in several ways:

  1. When making the mixture yourself, you will have to dilute it with water., then mix slaked lime, marble dust and dye in various proportions. If at the same time the heir of Michelangelo wakes up in you, then you can safely open the recipe for making a new finishing material.
  2. When using a dry mix, you will have to dilute it with water yourself. The required proportions can be read on the packaging, in the manufacturer's instructions.

    The resulting solution should have a consistency similar to fairly thick sour cream, while it is recommended to use a drill with a special nozzle mixer.

    The water temperature must be at least +10*С. After that it is necessary let the resulting solution rest and whisk again gently. After the mixture has become vaguely reminiscent of thick sour cream, a dye is added to it to form the necessary tone.

  3. The simplest, but less original way counts buying a divorced base. The only thing you need to do is add the dye and mix the mixture thoroughly.

You must understand one very important point – it is impossible to buy a ready mix, which without preliminary manipulations can be immediately applied to the surface.

In the store you can find either a ready-made base or a dry mix. The main difficulty is the technology of applying the mixture itself to the surface, since the outcome of your repair and the appearance of the surface will directly depend on this stage.

Surface pretreatment

Thorough cleaning of the existing surface is the initial stage of preparing any surface and consists in removing old layers of previously used building material.

After that, the entire surface is sanded and a layer of soil mixture is applied. Whatever method of application decorative material you didn’t like it, the algorithm of actions in all cases is approximately the same:

  1. The plaster is thoroughly mixed with the dye.
  2. A small amount of mortar is applied to the central section of the trowel. Often this volume is half the average palm.

Work technique

  1. Angle between wall and trowel should be around 30*.
  2. When leading the trowel on the surface little pressure required(click).
    Each stroke is applied perpendicular to the previous one. Wash the trowel with a cloth every few minutes.

Whatever you do and whatever repairs or construction works carried out, work tools should always be kept in perfect condition.

The technique of applying the base material, which must be observed throughout the entire work with the surface:

  • optimum layer of plaster should be no more than 0.05 mm and have a translucent texture;
  • before starting material remember that the portion from the tinted plaster should not be too large. It is not necessary to immediately prepare large volumes of the solution, since after a relatively short amount of time, the hands will get very tired;
  • first coat of any plaster will dry for 12 hours;
  • after refinishing the walls, the solution is tinted in darker or lighter colors compared to the previous layer. It is in this way that the effect of a marble surface can be achieved;
  • number of base material layers can reach up to 12 pieces, depending on the effect you want to achieve;
  • 15 minutes is enough so that the last layer dries completely, after which you can start polishing the surface;
  • if you do your own venetian plaster or someone does it for you - the grinding process is mandatory and the appearance of the walls will depend on the quality of its implementation. The trowel is carried horizontally with the maximum possible pressure over the entire surface of the coating.

You can process the entire area using the above method. In this case, the instrument must always move in different directions. A week after applying the last layer of plaster, you can start applying wax.

In this case, it is strongly recommended to use the technology of the trowel and multidirectional strokes. The wax layer should be applied in an even thin layer. Whatever method of applying decorative Venetian plaster you choose, in the end, the entire surface must be polished in a circular motion using a suede cloth.

Having considered the whole process in more detail, you can once again make sure that this type of work even for a beginner, who, moreover, had never held a trowel and spatula before.

Video: technology for applying Venetian plaster

Decorative Venetian plaster will have to be applied in several stages. Each layer must be sanded separately. Before applying the next layer, make sure that the previous layer is completely dry.

The first layer is designed to smooth out any remaining irregularities. on the surface and set the tone for the entire texture. It is impossible to master all the nuances of applying decorative plaster, therefore, it is proposed to your attention finishing work video using Venetian plaster.

At the same time, I would like to draw attention to the fact that despite the complexity of the process of applying plaster, this work everyone can do. For those who are not confident in their own abilities, it is recommended to visit one of the many master classes and training courses for finishing work using decorative Venetian plaster.

In the era modern technologies, find the necessary video on the Internet will not be difficult, because for those who do not have free time to attend courses, there is always a chance to find the video you are interested in in the vastness of the World Wide Web.

What should you pay special attention to

The modern market offers a huge number of ready-made mixtures in which the dye or other coloring components have already been added by the manufacturer.
When buying such a product, first of all, you need to pay attention to:

  1. Date of manufacture and name of the manufacturer's organization.
  2. Marking of batches of goods, which indicate that each of the packages belongs to one batch.

These points are quite important, as they directly affect the quality of the main material of Venetian plaster. If you bought ready mix white, then when buying a color scheme, pay attention to the brand and name of the manufacturer, since both the mixture and the color scheme must be made by the same manufacturer and belong to the same batch.

The most popular global manufacturers of decorative plaster:

  • Ville Veneto;
  • Paladio;
  • caparol;
  • Veneziano;
  • BauMit;
  • Vincent Decor;
  • PERMURO;
  • Ceresit;
  • Tex Color;
  • Palermo.

This is one of the finishing decorative coatings which is based on mineral wax and metallic pigment. This material is used as for classic and modern interior and is a sparkling metallic glaze that is used to create luxurious surfaces.

In addition to all the listed aesthetic features, the material has a water-repellent base and is easy to clean. Sold in four ready-made bases: gold, silver, red gold and copper.

CEBOART MARMORINO

Represents a quality imitation of medieval stone and belongs to the category of finished plaster materials using marble chips. lime decorative plaster It is intended for carrying out external and internal works and is able to convey the necessary texture and volume to the surface.

Its base is vapor permeable, which allows avoid fungus and at the same time it is perfectly applied to the surface of any type. With the help of a skilled craftsman, the use of this material will revive the natural appeal of medieval stone.

The surface of the material is very pleasant to the touch, in addition to high decorative features. In addition, it has some visual features and effects: from natural to smooth stone.

CEBOART STUCCO

The basis of this material is slaked lime, which allows you to give the surface antique marble effect and at the same time has the appearance of a classic glossy plaster. time-tested and fashion trends Venetian plaster is successfully used for styling modern interiors and for the restoration of ancient monuments of culture and history.

The material will help to recreate amazing beauty of antiquity, while retaining a touch of the art of Italian masters. This type of plaster is intended for finishing work indoors and individual elements of the interior.