A two-pipe heating system has a more complex architecture, and its installation requires a large amount of materials. And, nevertheless, this system is more in demand than a simple one-pipe heating system. The two-pipe heating system consists of two closed circuits, one of which serves to supply the heated coolant to the radiators, and the second to drain the already used (cooled) liquid. The use of this system is acceptable for all types of buildings, provided that the layout of the premises itself allows its installation.

Two-pipe heating system

Types and advantages of a two-pipe heating system

A technical feature of this type of heating system is that it consists of two pipelines. One is used to transport the coolant heated in the boiler directly to the heating sources - radiators. And the second circuit is necessary for the outflow from the radiators of the already used coolant - the cooled liquid, which gave up its heat.

A double-circuit heating system has a significant advantage over a single-pipe one, in which the heated coolant loses part of the heat even before it reaches the radiators.

In such a system as an associated two-pipe heating system, an equal temperature of the coolant is observed, which simultaneously enters the heating devices of the system.

Scheme of a two-pipe heating system

Many people believe that the cost of a two-pipe system, compared to a simpler one-pipe system, almost doubles - after all, it is necessary to take twice as many pipes. But it's not. The fact is that for the correct construction of a properly functioning single pipe system pipes of a larger diameter should be used, since they contribute to a more active movement of the coolant and waste fluid. And when creating a two-pipe system, pipes of a much smaller diameter are used, the cost of which is lower.

The same situation is observed when purchasing additional components of the system - valves, spurs, connecting elements. Larger products cost more. That is, we can draw a simple conclusion - in fact, the purchase of materials for a two-pipe system will cost you not much more than for a single-pipe system. But the efficiency of its work is much higher.

A significant advantage of a two-pipe system is another aspect - in such a heating system, it is possible to install valves on each radiator, through which you can control the heating level of the element. In addition, by means of such valves it is also possible to significantly save the consumption of water and electricity for its heating.

It should be noted that the scheme of a two-pipe heating system has another advantage. It lies in the relatively greater aesthetics.

Many owners of houses with a one-pipe system are often upset that a very thick heating pipe cannot be hidden - and this significantly spoils the overall impression of the room. While the pipes used in a more complex two-pipe system are thinner - and it will not be difficult to hide them. And even if the pipes are in plain sight, they do not attract much attention.

Given all the obvious advantages of a two-pipe system - greater efficiency, low cost and aesthetics, you can confidently opt for it. Which is what most owners of country houses do.

There are two types of two-pipe heating system - horizontal and vertical 2-pipe heating system. The main difference between these types is in the axis of the pipeline. Through these pipes, all elements of the heating system are connected. Of course, each type has its own disadvantages and advantages. The following advantages can be called common to both types - excellent hydraulic stability and high level heat transfer.

It should be installed in one-story buildings, where the heating pipeline is quite long. In such houses, connecting heating radiators to a horizontally located system is the most practical solution to the issue.

It is somewhat more expensive than horizontal. However, since the riser is located vertically, this allows it to be used even in multi-storey buildings. In addition, each floor separately cuts into the central heating riser. In addition, the advantages of the vertical type of heating system also lie in the fact that air does not accumulate in it - when bubbles occur, they immediately rise vertically, directly into the expansion tank.

Whatever type of system you choose, it should be borne in mind that it is imperative to carry out balancing. When choosing a vertical system, balancing a two-pipe heating system is required by the riser itself. When the horizontal adjustment of a two-pipe heating system takes place, loops are exposed to it.

Types of wiring for a two-pipe system

Regardless of which type of two-pipe heating system you choose for your own home, there is another system for separating it - according to the principle of wiring. In the photo you can see two different wiring diagrams. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages of a two-pipe heating system.

With it, the laying of a pipeline with a hot coolant is carried out in the basement or basement. It is also allowed to lay pipes in the underground. With this type of laying, it should be borne in mind that the pipes for returning the waste heat carrier back to the boiler must be located even lower. The use of the principle of horizontal wiring provides for the need for some deepening of the boiler - only in this case the water will move from the radiators to heating element as quickly as possible. In addition, there is a need to connect an additional line to the circuit - overhead. With its help, it will be possible to remove air from the system.

For its construction, it is necessary to have expansion tank at the highest point of the pipeline. The branching of the system is also carried out there. Being more practical, overhead wiring cannot be installed in buildings that do not have an attic.

You can choose the most suitable type of wiring, regardless of which type of supply pipe layout is used in your home.

However, there are some requirements that must be taken into account. In particular, for houses in which a two-pipe vertical system heating, the most appropriate is the use of lower wiring. This is due to the fact that two-pipe heating with a lower wiring makes it possible to use the pressure that occurs in the system with a rather large difference between the coolant and the waste fluid with maximum benefit. Of course, if the architectural features of the building do not allow the use of the lower wiring, the use of the upper one is acceptable.

It should be borne in mind that the use of upper wiring for both supplying coolant to radiators and returning return to the boiler is not the best solution, since the accumulation of sludge in the lower elements of the system is possible.

In fact, the classification of a two-pipe heating system is very multifaceted.

Another principle of separation is the direction of the flow of the coolant. According to this criterion, the system can be:

• straight-through. In this case, the direction of movement of the coolant and the reverse direction coincide.
• dead end. In the case of using such a scheme as a two-pipe dead-end heating system, hot and waste coolant move in different directions.

Modern systems can be equipped with a special pump, due to which there is a more active movement of the coolant. At the same time, systems with natural circulation are often used, in which additional equipment is not used. If it is intended to use a two-pipe system in a two-story house, then such a two-circuit heating should certainly be equipped with a pump.

Heating system with circulation pump

But when mounting a two-pipe heating system in a one-story room, you can do without a pump, using some laws of physics to naturally move the coolant. At the same time, it is important to take into account that for a more active natural circulation of the coolant, it is necessary to lay heating pipes with a slope directed towards the heating boiler.

However, regardless of the system you use (with forced and natural circulation), the slope must be present.

For systems with forced circulation, it is necessary in case of an unexpected power outage or pump failure. In this case, the slope allows the coolant to circulate naturally.

Payment

When planning a two-pipe system, it is important to carry out a preliminary calculation of the system of a two-pipe heating system, using such a guideline as a preliminary system diagram (all elements must be indicated on it) and special axonometric formulas and tables.

This simple hydraulic calculation of a two-pipe heating system allows you to determine the optimal diameter of the pipes required for normal functioning systems, the volume of radiators used. The most commonly used types of calculations are:

• by pressure loss. This method assumes an equal level of coolant temperature in all parts of the system.
• calculations that take into account the value of conductivity and resistance. In this case, it is assumed different meaning temperature indicators.

As a result of applying the first method, very accurate data can be obtained showing the level of resistance in the circuit. The second method shows the temperature in each individual segment of the system, as well as the approximate flow rate of the coolant.

Principles of installation of a two-pipe system

When installing a two-pipe system, a fairly large number of requirements and rules should be taken into account. Only their full observance will allow creating the maximum effective system heating and make the correct installation of a two-pipe heating system:

• a two-pipe closed heating system or an open one consists of two circuits - the upper one serves to supply the heated coolant to the radiators, and the lower one - to drain the waste fluid.
• pipes should be laid with a slight slope. It must be made towards the last radiator of the system.
• the upper and lower lines must be parallel.
• the central riser must be insulated - otherwise, there will be a loss of coolant at the stage of its movement to the radiators.

• a two-pipe reversible heating system should have several taps that will allow you to drain water from individual sections in case of a need for repairs.

• the piping should contain as few corners as possible.
• the expansion tank should be located at the top of the system.
• taps, connections and other elements of the system must be equal to the diameter of the pipes used.
• if the pipeline is used steel pipes, it is necessary to create a system of fasteners that will support the pipe. The distance between the supports should not exceed 1.2 meters.

The sequence of connecting elements in how to make a two-pipe heating system is simple:

• a central heating riser is connected to the heating boiler.
• in the upper part, the central riser is connected to the expansion tank.
• a splitter is removed from the tank, directing the pipes to the radiators.
• the waste liquid discharge line is laid parallel to the supply pipes. It should be embedded in lower part heating boiler.
• the pump is installed at the most convenient point - most often at the inlet (outlet) of the boiler.

This type of heating system is quite efficient. Today, there are a large number of models of boilers that involve automatic control of the level of heating of the coolant. A video on how to make double-circuit heating with your own hands can be viewed below.

The heating system is divided into two types: one-pipe and two-pipe. Obviously, it is most advantageous to install a more efficient one that will not only cope with its functions, but will also serve you for more than one year. In order not to remain "out of the blue" and not make a mistake with the choice of the heating system.

You need to properly understand which of the heating systems is best for you and why.

Thus, you will know which system is better from a technical point of view and how to choose it, taking into account your budget.

High water pressure ensures a natural cycle, and antifreeze makes the system more economical.

Disadvantages of a single pipe system - a very complex thermal and hydraulic calculation of the network, since, having made a mistake in the calculations of devices, it is very difficult to eliminate it.

Also, this is a very high hydrodynamic resistance and an involuntary number of heating devices on one line.

The flow of the coolant goes immediately to everything and is not subject to separate adjustment.

In addition, very high heat losses.

In order to be able to regulate the operation of individual devices connected to one riser, bypasses (closing sections) are connected to the network - this is a jumper in the form of a piece of pipe connected by a direct and return radiator pipes, with taps and valves.

To be able to control the temperature of each individually, the bypass allows you to connect automatic thermostats to the radiator.

In addition, it also makes it possible, in the event of a breakdown, to replace or repair individual devices without turning off the entire heating system.

Single-pipe heating is divided into vertical and horizontal:

• vertical - this is the connection of all batteries in series from top to bottom.
• horizontal - this is a serial connection of all heating devices on all floors.

Due to the accumulation of air in batteries and pipes, so-called traffic jams occur, which is a disadvantage of both systems.

Installation of a one-pipe system

Connection is made according to the scheme, using valves for airing radiators, which block the valves and plugs.

Crimping system - after which the coolant is poured into the battery and the system adjustment is directly adjusted.

Two-pipe heating system

The advantage of a two-pipe heating system - this is the installation of automatic thermostats, which gives you the full ability to adjust the temperature in individual rooms.

This also includes the independence of the operation of the circuit devices, which is provided by a special collector system.

The difference between a two-pipe and a one-pipe system is that you can connect the first extra batteries already after connecting the main ones, as well as the possibility of extending in vertical and horizontal directions.

Unlike a single-pipe, here you can also easily correct permissible errors.

The disadvantages of this system are minimal if you have enough material resources and have the opportunity to call the master.

Installation of a heating system with lower horizontal piping

This system allows you to locate the open tank in a convenient warm place. Also, it is possible to combine expansion and supply tanks allow you to use hot water directly from the heating system itself.

In systems with forced circulation, to reduce pipe consumption, the discharge and supply risers are located at the level of the first.

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Heating systems: one-pipe, two-pipe.

Nowadays, 2 different heating systems are installed in houses: one-pipe or two-pipe. Each has its own design features. Two-pipe heating systems are the most popular.

Nowadays, 2 different heating systems are installed in houses: one-pipe or two-pipe, and each has its own characteristics.

Single pipe heating system

In order to understand what it looks like, look at the ring with a stone. In the heating system, the boiler plays the role of a stone. As for the ring, these are pipes of a specific diameter that run along the perimeter of the entire building. Radiators are connected to them. The coolant is often water and sometimes antifreeze. The functionality of a single-pipe heating system is based on the gradual release of heat by water. After passing through the ring, the water returns to the boiler with a lower temperature.

This scheme usually has a natural circulation of the coolant. Hot water is first supplied to the top floor. And then, passing through the radiators, the part of the heat that has been given off descends to the boiler, having carried out full circulation. A single-pipe heating system can be supplemented with elements:

• thermostatic valves;
• radiator regulators;
• balancing valves;
• ball valves.

Thanks to them, it becomes more balanced and it becomes possible to change the temperature in certain radiators.

Distinctive features of the heating system

The biggest plus is electrical independence, and the minus is the pipes, which have a large diameter and the wiring is sloped.

Compared to the two-pipe option, there are quite a few advantages:

• pipes can be diverted to the “warm floor” system or heating radiators can be connected;
• it can be carried out regardless of the layout of the room;
• it covers the entire perimeter with a closed ring;
• it is less material-intensive and has a lower cost.

In use, it may sometimes be difficult to circulate through the pipes, but this is easily solved by installing pump equipment. It produces competent circulation of the coolant through the pipes.

The vertical single pipe scheme is a popular example of wiring in apartment buildings.

And the horizontal one is used mainly for heating huge rooms and is used very rarely in private buildings (mainly in small one-story houses). Here the supply pipe bypasses the heaters, which are on the same level. The water in each radiator cools down and, approaching the last heating devices, it becomes already significantly cooled. This scheme will help reduce installation and piping costs, but has two drawbacks.

Firstly, this is a problem with heat regulation in any heating device. You can not increase heat transfer, reduce it, turn off the radiator. In installation practice, there is a jumper - a bypass, which allows you to turn off the radiator without shutting down the system. Heating of the room is carried out indirectly by means of a riser or supply pipes. Another drawback is that you need to use radiators of various sizes. In order for the heat transfer to be the same, the first heater must be very small, and the last one must be large. A horizontal single-pipe heating scheme is also used.

Two pipe system

There are several types of it. The principle of operation is the same and consists in the following. Hot water rises through the riser and from it enters the radiators. And from them it enters the pipeline through highways and return lines, then into the heating device. With this system, the radiator is served by two pipes at the same time: return and supply, therefore it is called two-pipe. Water in this system is supplied directly from the water supply. She needs an expansion tank, which can be either simple or with water circulation.

The composition of the simple includes a container with 2 pipes. One is a water supply riser, and the second is used to drain excess liquid.

A more complex design has 4 pipes. 2 pipes provide circulation, and 2 others are needed for control and overflow, they also monitor the water level in the tank.

Two-pipe systems can be operated using a circulation pump. Depending on the circulation method, it can be co-current or dead-end. In the second, the movement of warm water is completely opposite to the direction of the already cooled one. Such a scheme is characterized by the length of the circulation rings, which depends on the distance of the heater to the boiler. Circulation rings have equal length in systems with one-way water flow, all devices and risers work under equal conditions.

A two-pipe heating system has a large set of advantages compared to a single-pipe:

• the possibility of distributing the heat supply in different rooms;
• can be used on one floor;
• locking systems of the return and supply risers are located in the basement - this significantly saves the area of ​​\u200b\u200bliving premises;
• minimizing heat loss.

The only drawback is the considerable consumption of materials: you need 2 times more pipes than for a single-pipe connection. Also, the disadvantage is the low water pressure in the supply line: taps will be needed to bleed air.

Horizontal closed two-pipe scheme is from the bottom and top wiring. The advantage of the lower wiring: sections of the system can be put into operation gradually, as the floors are built. The vertical two-pipe scheme can be used in houses with variable number of floors. Any of the varieties of two-pipe schemes is more expensive than single-pipe horizontal wiring; for the sake of comfort and design, it is worth giving preference to a two-pipe scheme.

One-pipe and two-pipe systems: comparison

Single-pipe systems, unlike two-pipe systems, do not have return risers. The heat carrier from the boiler, under the action of the circulation pressure or the pump, enters the upper heating devices. Cooling, he returns back to the supply riser and goes down. The lower radiators receive a mixture of coolant from the riser and from the upper radiators. Passing through all radiators and other heat consumers, the coolant returns to the boiler, where the process is repeated again. The temperature of the coolant decreases when passing in a circle, and therefore the lower the radiator is, the larger the heating surface should be.

For one-pipe systems, there are 2 schemes. This is a flow and mixed scheme. The flow circuit has a feature - the complete absence of jumpers between the supply and exit from the radiator. These schemes are almost never used in the installation of heating systems due to their impracticality. One battery breaks, and the riser needs to be turned off, because there is no way to turn on the coolant bypassing it. The advantage of single-pipe systems is the lower cost of building materials and ease of installation. Installation of single-pipe systems requires top wiring.

A two-pipe heating system can be operated in any houses: multi-storey, one-story, etc. A two-pipe heating system is easy to implement with conventional circulation, since its configuration makes it possible to organize a circulation pressure, do not forget that the boiler must be installed below the level of the radiators. It is possible to organize a heating system with forced circulation, simply by placing circulation pump into the contour.

If it is possible to implement a ring scheme, then it must be done. A two-pipe system usually needs to be installed where there are difficulties with gas, power outages, etc. For this system, a solid fuel boiler and pipes with a larger diameter are enough. Bring firewood or coal, and do not worry about frost.

Methods for installing heating systems

Mounting methods depend on the characteristics of the system.

The cost of heating installation work is determined by the features specific project, and only specialists with experience in such work can calculate everything.

If it is necessary to install heating with normal circulation, the installation of a system with a top spill will be effective. The water circulates through the pipes itself. Bottom spill systems do not provide effective work without circulation pump.

Scheme of the collector (beam) wiring of the heating system.

Installation methods are also classified:

• by type of wiring (collector, beam);
• by the number of risers;
• by type of pipe connection (side or bottom).

Heating installation with bottom pipe connection is the most popular. It becomes possible not to run the pipeline directly along the walls, but to hide it under the floor or baseboard. An aesthetic appearance of the room is achieved.

The main classification of mounting methods is carried out in complete dependence on the scheme. You can install a two-pipe heating system or install a single-pipe heating system. In the second case, the water flows through the pipeline through the radiators, cooling along the way. The last radiator will be colder than the first. With a two-pipe system, 2 pipes are connected to the radiators: return and direct. This allows you to create the same temperature of the radiators. The first option is the simplest and cheapest, due to the low cost of materials. But it is only effective in small houses. If your house is over 100 square meters or it has more than 1 floor, it is better to install two-pipe heating.

The two-pipe system gives an excellent choice of ways to install radiators:

• serial connection;
• parallel connection;
• lateral one-way connection;
• diagonal connection.

Depending on the location of the supply risers, there are certain ways to install autonomous heating:

1. Heating with horizontal wiring.
2. Heating with vertical wiring.
3. Heating without risers with supply and return lines.

A single pipe system is cheaper. If you care about the quality of the heating system, there is no need to spare money for a two-pipe wiring, because we get the opportunity to control the heat in the rooms.

Heating systems

Installation of a water heating system can be carried out in different ways. The central node is the installation that produces heat. It forms the temperature of the coolant, which, with the help of natural or forced circulation, is delivered to the heating devices along the laid pipelines. Conventionally, the transport network can be divided into two types. It can be assembled using one-pipe and two-pipe interchange. It is easier to mount a single-pipe line on your own, and the calculation of a two-pipe heating system must be carried out taking into account many technical parameters of various technical units.

To understand which system is better, a detailed analysis of the principle of operation of each option, as well as their operational advantages and disadvantages, will help. This will be discussed further.

Single pipe heating system

The single-pipe heating system began to be used initially, when the full-scale construction of small-sized five-story buildings was completed in the Soviet Union and put into operation. central heating. The communal services were tasked with providing the people with warmth and making it as cheap as possible. Therefore, it was decided to save on everything, including the laying of utilities. That is why a single-pipe heating system was born, which allows heating both the residential and industrial sectors.

A serious economic effect when using a single-pipe system is formed due to the absence of coolant return risers. The vertical assembly of such a line does not require much labor, so it was it that was most often used until recently. Heat loss while no one considered. No one thought about the effectiveness of the described assembly of the pipeline. However, many years of operation made it possible to identify all the shortcomings of a single-pipe line.

How does a single pipe line work?

The principle of operation of single-pipe piping is extremely clear. The coolant supply has one closed system consisting of a heating installation and heating devices. They are tied together with one circuit with one riser. It is he who connects everything in sequence technical knots. In order to ensure the transportation of the coolant, a hydraulic pump is often used, which pushes hot water through vertical risers laid in apartment buildings.

According to the implementation scheme, a single-pipe system is divided into two types:

• vertical.
• Horizontal.

Vertical is used to organize heating in multi-storey buildings. In this case, the batteries are connected with top floor to the bottom through a vertical riser. Horizontal strapping is best suited for a private home. In this case, all radiators are connected in series using a horizontal riser.

Negative aspects of using the described option

Single pipe heating system

Both vertical and horizontal strapping do not always work effectively. Serial connection of radiators does not allow you to control the temperature in a separate room. If, somewhere in the middle, with the help of a thermal valve, the coolant supply is slightly cut off, wanting to lower the heating temperature of a separate room, all subsequent heaters will become cold.

More than 10 batteries must not be connected to the vertical riser at the same time. Violation of this rule will lead to the fact that at the very top the coolant temperature will have maximum values ​​- approximately +105 degrees, and on the lower floor the batteries will not warm up above +45 degrees. IN winter time year, when there are severe frosts outside the window, this is not enough, and people will freeze.

Another serious disadvantage is the need to use a powerful pumping equipment. It is a powerful hydraulic pump that provides the necessary pressure inside the system, which allows single-pipe piping to work efficiently. Its inclusion in the system increases operating costs, but this is not the worst thing.

Any hydraulic pump cannot provide uniform pressure within the system, so water hammer often occurs, contributing to leakage. Accidents force you to constantly replenish the system with water. And this also leads to additional costs.

And the last negative point in the operation of a single-pipe piping. For its normal functioning, it is necessary to install a special expander tank. When heating a private house, it is placed in the attic, and a technical room is set up there to service this unit. In an apartment building, this problem is solved differently. Stable temperature balancing is ensured by installing jumpers on each floor. And also by increasing the number of radiator sections, with the help of which the lower floors are heated.

Positive points

Heating system of a private house

Despite such a large number of disadvantages of a single-pipe system, it has its own positive operational and specifications. They are quite capable of compensating for all the listed shortcomings:

• Firstly, with the advent of new technologies, it was possible to eliminate the problem of uneven heating of rooms. This is done by installing modern radiators, equipped with automatic thermostats, thermostatic valves or radiator regulators. Their use is especially important when heating a private house.
• Secondly, the use of bypasses and valves, with which balancing is carried out, as well as convenient ball valves and reliable shutter equipment, makes it possible to repair one heater without shutting down the entire system as a whole.
• Thirdly, the assembly of a single-pipe system still takes 2 times less material than the installation of a two-pipe system. The absence of unnecessary pipes, jumpers and complex battery connections allows not only saving on the purchase of additional elements and installation of the line itself, but also laying a pipeline that looks more aesthetically pleasing.

Two-pipe heating system

The principle of operation of a two-pipe heating system is somewhat different from that described above. In this case, the coolant rises up the riser and is supplied to each heating battery. And then, along the return line, it returns back to the pipeline, which transports it to the heating boiler.

With this scheme, the radiator is served by two pipes - supply and return, therefore the system is called two-pipe.

What are the benefits of such a layout?

Two-pipe line

What can you expect by choosing this option for organizing the heating of a private and residential apartment building?

• Such a system allows you to organize uniform heating of each radiator. In any battery, no matter what floor it is on, hot water enters with the same temperature. If desired, a thermostat can be installed on the radiator, and then the weather in the house can be independently adjusted. The use of a thermostat in a single room does not affect the heat transfer of radiators installed in other apartments.
• In a two-pipe piping, when the coolant circulates, there are no large pressure losses. Therefore, a powerful hydraulic pump is not needed for the normal functioning of the system. Water is able to circulate due to the gravitational force, that is, by gravity. And if the water pressure is weak, it is enough to install a low-power pumping unit more economical and easier to maintain.
• With the help of shut-off equipment, bypasses and valves, it is easy to organize such schemes that will allow you to repair, if necessary, one heater without turning off all the heating in the house.
• Another additional bonus of a two-pipe piping is the ability to use passing and dead-end traffic hot water.

What is a passing scheme? This is when the supply and return water flows in the same direction. In a dead-end circuit, water in the supply and return circulates in opposite directions. When passing along, provided that radiators of the same power are used, an ideal hydraulic balancing is established. Therefore, there is no need to additionally use presetting valves.

If the heating devices have different capacities, you will have to calculate the heat loss of each, carry out the calculation and link the radiators using thermostatic valves. It is very difficult to do this on your own without knowledge and skills.

Note! Associated hydraulic gravity flow is used where long pipelines are installed. For short systems, a dead-end scheme for the movement of the coolant is used.

Classification of a two-pipe heating system

Types of systems

The classification of the two-pipe piping is made according to the location of the pipeline and the method of arranging the distribution system.

According to the location of the pipeline, it is divided into vertical and horizontal. At vertical pattern all batteries are connected to a vertical riser. This option is most often used in apartment buildings. The main advantage of this connection is the absence of air pockets.

For a private house of a large area, experts recommend choosing a horizontal two-pipe wiring and installing a Mayevsky crane in each radiator immediately. It is needed to bleed air, and an example of it correct installation has already been described in detail in previous articles.

According to the wiring method, a two-pipe system can be with lower and upper trim. In this case, the hot water supply riser is placed in the basement or basement. The return line is located here, but is installed below the feed. All radiators are at the top. The upper overhead line allowing excess air to be expelled from the system.

When installing the upper trim, the entire distributing line is mounted in the insulated attic of the building. An expansion tank is also installed there. This scheme cannot be used with a flat roof.

Disadvantages of a two-pipe system

Dual circuit system

Comparing the two battery strapping schemes, it is easy to conclude which is better. Two-pipe in any case is much more efficient. But she has one major drawback. It will take twice as many pipes to assemble it. In addition, they come with a large number of fasteners, valves and fittings, so the installation of a two-pipe system is much more expensive.

Until recently, when steel pipes and labor-intensive welding processes were used to assemble a two-pipe piping, the amount was outrageous. With the advent of metal-plastic and hot soldering technology, laying a two-pipe line has become accessible to almost everyone.

Generalization on the topic

We hope you have concluded for yourself which heating battery piping system is better - single-pipe or two-pipe. For a private house of a small area and a multi-storey building, the height of which does not exceed 5 floors, single-pipe piping can become ideal option. In all other cases, it is worth using a two-pipe scheme.

Evgeny Sedov

When hands grow from the right place, life is more fun :)

Content

To date, there are the most different ways organization of systems, among which heating on two wings with a pump has gained great popularity. Its device is made according to the principle of effective maintenance with minimal heat loss. The two-pipe heating system has become especially in demand in single-storey, multi-storey and private houses, the connection of which allows you to achieve all necessary conditions for a comfortable stay.

What is a two-pipe heating system

Two-pipe heating has been used more and more often in recent years, and this despite the fact that the installation of a single-pipe version is usually much cheaper. This model provides the ability to adjust the temperature in each room of a residential building at will, because. a special control valve is provided for this. As for the one-pipe scheme, unlike the two-pipe one, its coolant, when circulating, sequentially passes absolutely all radiators.

As for the model of two pipes, here a pipe is separately supplied to each radiator, designed to inject the coolant. And the return pipeline is collected from each battery into a separate circuit, the function of which is to deliver the cooled carrier back to the flow or wall-mounted boiler. This circuit (natural / forced circulation) is called the return flow, and it has become especially popular in apartment buildings when it becomes necessary to heat all floors with a single boiler.

Advantages

Double-circuit heating, despite the higher installation cost compared to some other analogues, is suitable for objects of any configuration and number of storeys - this is a very important advantage. In addition, the coolant that enters all heating devices has an identical temperature, which makes it possible to evenly heat all rooms.

The remaining advantages of a two-pipe heating system are the possibility of installing special thermostats on radiators and the fact that a breakdown of one of the devices will in no way affect the operation of others. In addition, by installing valves on each battery, you can reduce water consumption, which is a big plus for the family budget.

disadvantages

The above system has one significant disadvantage, which is that all its components and their installation are much more expensive than the organization of a single-pipe model. It turns out that not all tenants can afford it. Other disadvantages of a two-pipe heating system are the complexity of installation and the large number of pipes and special connecting elements.

Scheme of a two-pipe heating system

As mentioned above, a similar method of organizing a heating system differs from other options in a more complex architecture. The dual-circuit heating scheme is a pair of closed-type circuits. One of them is used to supply the heated coolant to the batteries, the other is to send the spent, i.e., cooled liquid back for heating. The use of this method on a particular object depends to a greater extent on the power of the boiler.

dead end

In this embodiment, the direction of supply of heated water and return is multidirectional. A two-pipe dead-end heating system involves the installation of batteries, each of which has an identical number of sections. To balance a system with such a movement of heated water, the valve installed on the first radiator must be screwed with great force in order to shut off.

Passing

This circuit is also called the Tichelman loop. An associated two-pipe heating system or just a ride is easier to balance and adjust, especially if the line is very long. With this method of organizing heating, each battery requires the installation of a needle valve or a device such as a thermostatic valve.

Horizontal

There is also such a type of scheme as a two-pipe horizontal heating system, which has found wide application in one and two-storey houses. It is also used in rooms with a basement, where you can easily place the necessary communication networks and devices. When using this wiring, the installation of the supply pipeline can be done under the radiators or on the same level with them. But this scheme has a drawback, which is the frequent formation of air pockets. In order to get rid of them, the installation of Mayevsky cranes on each device is required.

vertical

A scheme of this type is more often used in houses with 2-3 or more floors. But its organization requires the presence of a large number of pipes. It should be noted that a vertical two-pipe heating system has such significant advantage, as the possibility of automatically venting air that exits through a drain valve or expansion tank. If the latter is installed in the attic, then this room must be insulated. In general, with this scheme, the temperature distribution over the heating devices is carried out evenly.

Two-pipe heating system with bottom wiring

If you decide to choose this scheme, then keep in mind that it can be collector or with radiators mounted in parallel. Scheme of a two-pipe heating system with a lower wiring of the first type: two pipelines depart from the collector to each battery, which are supply and discharge. This model with the wiring of the lower type has the following advantages:

• installation of shut-off valves is carried out in one room;
• high level of efficiency;
• the possibility of installation in an unfinished object;
• overlapping and adjustment is carried out easily and simply;
• the ability to turn off the top floor if no one lives there.

With top wiring

A closed two-pipe heating system with an upper wiring is used to a greater extent due to the fact that it is devoid of air pockets and has a high water circulation rate. Before making a calculation, set a filter, find a photo with detailed description scheme, it is necessary to compare the costs of this option with the benefits and take into account the following disadvantages:

• unaesthetic appearance of the premises due to open communications;
• high consumption of pipes and necessary materials;
• the appearance of problems associated with the placement of the tank;
• rooms located on the second floor warm up somewhat better;
• the impossibility of location in rooms with large footage;
• additional costs associated with decorative trim, which should hide the pipes.

Connecting heating radiators with a two-pipe system

Installation work related to the installation of double-circuit heating includes several stages. Radiator connection diagram:

1. At the first stage, the boiler is installed, for which a specially designated place is prepared, for example, a basement.
2. Next, the installed equipment is connected to expansion tank mounted in the attic.
3. Then, a pipe is drawn from the collector to each radiator battery to move the coolant.
4. At the next stage, pipes for heated water are again drawn from each radiator, which will give them their heat.
5. All return pipes form a single circuit, which is further connected to the boiler.

If a circulation pump is used in such a circuit system, then it is installed directly in the return circuit. The fact is that the design of the pumps consists of various cuffs and gaskets, which are made of rubber and do not withstand high temperatures. That's all installation work are completed.

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