Advertising on the portal

Door lock for front door design. Door lock with handle and latch: device options and principle of operation

Entrance doors with locks are selected taking into account the required level of security of the facility, because there is not always a need for multi-stage protection. Only those locking mechanisms that are characterized by high build quality should be considered. The slightest installation errors can lead to a reduction in its service life, breakage. If the question is decided which lock to choose for front door, all existing types of structures should be considered. This is the only way to determine the most suitable option for operation under specified conditions.

Locking mechanisms for entrance doors represent 4 categories of reliability. Structures of categories 1 and 2 are relatively easy to assemble, simple in design. They are significantly inferior in terms of reliability to analogues. Similar designs should be used for installation in interior doors and office partitions.

In your home, it is recommended to use analogues of categories 3 or 4. They are characterized high level protection. It will take an attacker 10-30 minutes to break these types of constructs. This time is enough for the representatives of the security service to arrive. When looking for advice on how to choose a lock for the front door in an apartment and a private house, it should be noted that there are different designs that differ in the installation method: internal, external.


Mortise

The locking mechanism of this type is installed directly in the door leaf. To do this, a groove-sample is made in the canvas. In order for the mechanism to function properly, it is better to install it inside the metal doors. This is the most reliable lock for the front door, when compared with hinged and overhead counterparts. The body is completely hidden in the door leaf. You can install a mortise lock in the entrance and interior doors. However, for each of the cases, designs with different levels of reliability are selected.

advantage locking mechanism is aesthetic appearance. Thanks to the hidden installation, the body of the lock remains invisible. The possibility of mounting in a groove-sample allows you to create an additional obstacle in the way of intruders. To open this mechanism, you will have to act from the inside, because it will not work to disassemble the body of the locking structure.

The highest degree of protection of the lock is provided by the installation of a reliable door leaf. If an attacker fails to open the mechanism during a break-in, he can damage the sash. For this reason, a mortise lock should only be installed in a solid door leaf.

Mounted

This option is considered the least reliable. The main components of the structure: the body of the lock and the movable fastener (shackle). The locking mechanism is hung on the door leaves. Structural elements remain visible. In addition, this model of the castle is always in the open air and is exposed to precipitation. You can consider protection methods: install a visor over the sash, close the locking mechanism from above with a plastic overlay.

If the question is decided which lock is better, the hinged option should be considered for installation at facilities where valuables are not stored. For example, similar designs can often be found on the front doors to a barn, cellar. To open them, a crowbar or mount is used. The attacker will not pick up the key, but will tear the body of the lock from the mounting shackle.

Overhead

This option is not reliable, but such designs are very easy to install. Mounting method - consignment note, the body of the lock is located on the side of the room. This means that the locking mechanism does not cut into the sash, but is attached to its surface. For this, self-tapping screws are used. Fastening elements can be visible from the outside of the canvas, which makes it easier for attackers to break into an apartment / house.

Overhead door locks have a good feature - the integrity of the sash is not violated during installation. As a result, installation is greatly simplified. Overhead structures are not recommended for installation on entrance doors. It is advisable to purchase them for objects where valuables are not stored.

Classification by type of locking mechanism

Padlocks are simpler. Mortise and overhead options are characterized by a different principle of operation. Their mechanism is much more complex. When choosing a lock design for external doors, several options are considered:

  • mechanical;
  • electromechanical;
  • magnetic.

Each of the options is presented in several versions, they are united by a similar principle of operation, but there are significant differences in designs.

Cylinder

The larva of such a lock is made in the form of a cylinder. This ensures the secrecy of the mechanism. The locking part of the structure consists of pins. They are contained in the amount of 5-6 pieces. Among them there is a pin from drilling, a locking pin. These are moving elements that change position thanks to the return springs located at the bottom. When the key is inserted into the keyhole, each of the moving elements takes its own position, which is determined by the perforation on the key.

When the pins take their original position, the lock cylinder is blocked. In this state, it is not possible to open / close the door leaf. If the key is inserted into the well, mobility returns to the crossbar, which has been blocked up to this point. It is difficult to disable such a mechanism; a combination of protective pins is selected. To damage the structure, vandals use foreign objects that are introduced into the well.

Thanks to such a device and principle of operation, cylinder mechanisms for external doors are considered the most suitable, due to a sufficient level of reliability. This model is also called pin, it is similar in design to the lever counterparts. Cylinder locking mechanisms are also common due to their reasonable cost. Their disadvantage is low resistance to intense mechanical stress. In order to protect against drilling, the manufacturer equips such locking structures with armor plates.


Crossbar

This option of locks for entrance doors combines simplicity and reliability. It is distinguished by a simple installation process and unpretentious maintenance. The name of the locking mechanism comes from its device. So, the main elements are crossbars - bolts in the form of plates or rods. This design differs from analogues in that the key does not turn when inserted into the body of the lock. Locking/unlocking is done by setting the key to a substantial length.

The door opens due to the connection of protruding elements, slots on the key and crossbars. Crossbar - the most reliable locks, if an assessment of their performance is made. This is due to the simplicity of the design and the method of opening. However, they have a drawback - low resistance to hacking. In addition, the keys are inconvenient to carry around due to their significant length. They may differ in a number of ways:

  • thickness;
  • section type: round, rectangular end;
  • slots are located on one / two sides;
  • the angle of inclination of the protruding elements is different.


Lever

Main nodes: lock cylinder, levers, crossbar. The purpose of the levers is to block the crossbar. Such a door lock is considered the most reliable in comparison with analogues. Due to the complex design, it is more difficult to crack the locking mechanism. However, you can use a master key. To reduce the risk of hacking, the manufacturer has complicated the design of such locks through the following measures:

  1. adding false grooves on levers;
  2. installation of a safety valve in the keyhole, to remove the obstacle, the key must be partially turned;
  3. the design is equipped with false levers;
  4. the return springs of the locking elements must be characterized by different forces.

The reliability of the mechanism increases with the increase in the number of levers. The advantage of this design is high mechanical wear resistance. This means that the castle will serve for a long time. In most cases, such a mechanism breaks down after a long period of problematic operation. Due to their reliability, lever structures are used in banks and commercial organizations.


There are also disadvantages to such mechanisms. So, note the large dimensions of the body of the castle. This is due to the fact that a large number of levers are included in the design. Key sizes are also large. For this reason, it is inconvenient to carry it in your pocket. In addition, due to the large number of slots, the key can damage clothing or the lining of the bag. It is recommended to carry it in a case.


Code

The front door opens without a key. This is the main and only advantage of such mechanisms. The disadvantages include the gradual abrasion of the working buttons, which simplifies the task of hacking. In addition, the combination can be forgotten. If a combination lock is installed in a private house, and the door is opened / closed daily, the probability of this tends to zero. However, in the case when a mechanism of this type is used in a country house, where the owner rarely comes, it is not always possible to remember the combination the first time.


Electromechanical

Device door locks of this type is in many respects similar to the considered analogues. However, the design includes another node - an electric drive, which is responsible for the mobility of the locking element. There are two types of such structures:

  • solenoid;
  • motor.

The first of the options contains an electromagnet with a bolt connected to its core. The node is set in motion due to the electromagnetic field that occurs when voltage is applied to the coil. To move the bolt from its place, the starting current should be equal to 2-3 A. If the motor design of the lock is considered, you should know that a compact DC motor is laid in it. To return the bolt to its original position, a control signal is given. Due to this feature, it is difficult to open structures of this type.


Electromechanical locks are more expensive than analogues, which is why they are rarely used. In addition, such locking mechanisms do not immediately open the door leaf. It will take some time for the electrical impulse to pass. Locks of this type are opened by means of auxiliary elements. Used:

  1. magnetic key;
  2. trinket;
  3. plastic key card;
  4. code remotes.

Often, electromagnetic structures are opened using simple keys. In this case, the body of the lock contains a lever or cylinder larva. Such mechanisms can also be overhead and mortise. The locks are opened with a key in situations where the power is turned off.


Electronic

This group includes electromechanical and electromagnetic locking mechanisms. If you are interested in how such a lock works, you should know that the main element is an electric drive. The reader plays an important role. It is responsible for opening the sash. This will require a key, which can be made in the form of a card, a code remote control, a key fob, a biometric scanner, a remote control. remote control. In order for the lock to work constantly, the design is equipped with a battery. Processes the information received from the key, the control controller.

Combined

This is the most reliable type of locking mechanisms.

In terms of the level of security provided, it surpasses even the considered level designs.

Combination locks are dual systems. They are equipped with two larvae, and use the same or the same different types locking mechanisms. It can be cylinder and lever locks, 2 cylinder or 2 lever locks.

There are the following types of such structures:

  • lock larvae are not interconnected, they function separately;
  • locking mechanisms are interconnected with each other.

The second of the options is characterized by increased reliability, since the larvae open sequentially. If one lock is not opened, the bolt of the second mechanism will not move either. This means that only setting the levers of one larva to a certain position will unlock the second locking structure. In fully combined locks, there is only one keyhole. Accordingly, to open them, you do not have to sequentially use 2 keys.

In the locked position, one lock is blocked by a metal plate. As a result, you will not be able to use the master key. This feature ensures the highest reliability of the design. Combined designs contain the main and auxiliary locks. The first of them is equipped with a crossbar and is connected to door handle.

In such locks, there can be not only horizontal, but also vertical (safe) pins. Combined locking mechanisms are subject to conversion. In this case, a replaceable cylinder is provided. As a result, you can change the key, but not the body of the locking mechanism.


Magnetic

The following design options are used as a door lock:

  1. shear type;
  2. working on break.

The principle of operation is based on the electromagnetic field. In order for the sash to be securely fixed to the frame, a metal plate is installed. It must be magnetic. To open the door, you need a special key and a reader. Such locks are installed at the entrances, at the entrance to the security console, the bank premises and the office. Magnetic locking mechanisms serve for a long time, do not demagnetize during operation.


How to put a mechanism in the door

Prepare a drill, drills, pencil, screwdriver. Make a markup design. If a mortise lock is selected, a groove must be prepared. In the case when the door is made of metal, a hole is cut in the side shelf for the crossbars and the safety valve. The canvas is drilled to install the handle. A groove is also prepared in the frame. The body of the lock is installed by means of fasteners. When the locking mechanism is fixed in the groove of the web, it must be adjusted. In this case, the sash is closed, the operation of the lock is checked with a key. When necessary, adjust the position of the larva, tighten the fasteners.

Repair

If the locking mechanism does not close well, the key periodically jams, you need to find out the reason. This may be due to improper operation of the door: too strong forced pressure due to the seal, regular impacts on the frame. If these reasons are eliminated, the operation of the mechanism is normalized. Locking structures are not recommended to be disassembled. This can lead to final breakdown and loss of reliability of the lock. When external factors that have Negative influence for the operation of the locking structure, are absent, it is replaced.

To ensure that the door closes securely and no one can enter the room, a door lock is installed, a device specially designed to close doors. Locks are equipped with entrance and sometimes interior doors. According to the functional purpose, manufacturing is carried out various systems door locks.

Diagram of a mortise door lock.

Some features of castles

According to the fastening used, locks can be divided into two types:

  • invoices;
  • mortise.

Do-it-yourself installation of overhead locks is done on the inner half of the door. Mortise locks are installed directly into the thickness of the door leaf.

In each castle, the main parts are:

  • execution system;
  • secret.

The device that performs the identification of the key is called a secret. It can be of two types:

  • electronic;
  • mechanical.

Castles are also classified into several different groups. It all depends on the secret used. Several different types are known:

  • level;
  • cylinder;
  • disk;
  • code.

Each lock has an individual mechanism. It, in turn, is divided into:

  • mechanical;
  • electromagnetic;
  • electromechanical.

In the door leaf, mechanical locks are most often installed. The lock is a steel rod, which rushes into the plate, which has a special groove screwed to the door block. As a result, the door is securely locked.

For electromagnetic locks, the lock is a powerful electromagnet that is attracted to a steel plate fixed on the block. An electromechanical lock is an ordinary deadbolt with an electric drive.

The reliability of the lock is influenced by certain factors. Firstly, it must have an increased degree of secrecy, and secondly, its body must have high strength. The greater the thickness of the metal from which the lock is made, the more reliable. Of course, interior doors do not require the installation of an expensive and powerful lock. Much more important is its appearance and a beautiful handle.

Very often, door locks are made with a mechanism for locking the door when it is closed. The most common today are:

  • crossbars;
  • invoices;
  • mortise;
  • latches.

Do-it-yourself installation of mortise door locks is done directly in the door leaf. Therefore, they are completely invisible from outside. Mechanisms equipped with safety device. When the handle moves, the cam moves. He presses down on the latch, forcing it to move backwards. At the same time, the tension of the spring occurs. After the handle returns to its original position, the cam returns to its original state under its pressure. When the door is closed, the movement of the latch is carried out only due to the bevel. There is an independent actuation of the spring, the latch slams shut.

In the design, the latch spring simultaneously performs the function of fixing. With pressure on the latch, the second spring snaps the bolt. When turning, the key begins with its beard to first lift the latches that fall out of the upper holes. Then the beard presses on the crossbar and pushes it forward. When the barb returns to its initial state, the latch again enters the upper hole, preventing the bolt from working automatically. The lock has the ability to work with double closing, because the bolt is equipped with two niches at the bottom.

Locking devices have varying degrees of secrecy. They are divided into:

  • leverless;
  • level;
  • cylinder.

In systems of the first type, reliability is ensured by protrusions of various shapes made on the plate. Sometimes there are about 90 such ledges.

Lever devices invented by the Englishman Chab are equipped with increased secrecy. In each lock, special recesses are made on the key, located at 90 ° to the barb. The steel box is equipped with spring plates of different sizes. The locking bolt may work if the key begins to lift and grab the plates at the same time.

The cylinder lock has received increased security due to a cylindrical channel made specifically for the key. The pins, together with the spring, prevent the key from turning. If the inserted key can lift all the pins, the locking device will rise, allowing the cylinder to turn. Such cylinder mechanisms are considered mortise, they can be closed in the usual way. I must say that cylinder devices are considered the most reliable. The keys in this case are different shape and a huge amount.

How is the lock mechanism?

Any device designed for locking must necessarily consist of:

  • locking mechanism;
  • steel box;
  • valves;
  • key.

In locking mechanisms, mortise constipation is considered the most common. He must have:

  • frame;
  • faceplates;
  • deadbolt equipped with a special latch;
  • deadbolt of the main action;
  • drive lever.

Any lock is equipped with a secret system that recognizes the key. The door is locked with an actuator.

Secrets are divided into several mechanical types:

  1. Cylindrical. Its main part is a special cylinder. It contains pins that do not allow the device to be hacked. This castle became known as English. It is considered the most popular and most in demand.
  2. Suvaldny. The key of this lock has special teeth. They are designed to identify levers and determine their number.
  3. Code. In this case, a secret set of numbers is entered, the protection system is triggered. The castle opens.
  4. Electronic. It works on the drive, the installation of which is made in the locking device itself.

Actuators in the same way are divided into several types:

  1. Electromechanical. They have a deadbolt powered by an electric motor.
  2. Electromagnetic. In this case, the locking mechanism is a magnet.
  3. Mechanical. The steel rod enters a special hole and closes the lock.

Lever lock design

The reliability of this system directly depends on the number of plates. The more plates, the stronger the protective properties.

The lever system includes the following parts:

  • bolt cross or crossbar;
  • steel plates or levers;
  • a special hole where the key is inserted.

The operation of this system is based on the installation of plates in specific positions, only then the key will begin to turn.

How is the cylinder system arranged?

Such a construction, similarly to others, can be:

  • mortise;
  • overhead.

The secret mechanism is hidden in a larva installed in the center of the castle. Such a system has several subspecies:

  • unilateral;
  • bilateral.

The one-sided system can be opened with a key, and only from a specific side, the other is equipped with two cylinders. This lock cannot be opened from the inside without a key.

Locking a building with a cylindrical device requires a few specific steps.

First, the key must be inserted into the groove, which has a limited protrusion, which is located in the cylinder.

One of the parts of the cylinder always has free rotation if the inserted key fits. Corps at similar design always motionless. The actuating mechanism is the pins, and it is them that the key begins to raise. Due to the position of the pins, the operation of the device is regulated. In order for the mechanism to open, all the encryption details must match.

How is the lock structure used by interior doors made?

Of course, when there are many doors in the apartment, they are not always required to be completely locked. But under certain circumstances, locking the doors becomes a necessity. To do this, a beautiful lock is bought, it is installed in the door leaf. It should consist of:

  • moving plate;
  • shutter;
  • springs;
  • lever;
  • latches;
  • corps.

In previous years, lock systems were made quite simple, they were easy to open. Today, in the age of technology, invisible locks have been invented. These structures are able to stand guard over any apartment, no one will be able to crack such an entrance door.

Locking devices, the price of which is not very high, can be knocked out or drilled out, but the latest locking system hidden inside the door leaf functions only at certain radio frequencies of a special key fob.

You can make the lock design particularly complex or quite simple, but it has long been clear to everyone that it is better to have secure door with a single lock of superior quality than to install several cheap and simple locks of dubious reliability.

One of the most popular types of locks for interior doors is the latch design. Due to various circumstances, this mechanism, like any other, can break down. To fix the problem, it will need to be disassembled. Also knowledge of the lock device interior door may come in handy during installation. Therefore, the features of the mechanism should be considered even before installation. Locks will be discussed later.

The device of the lock of the interior door with a latch (the photo is presented below) should be known to those craftsmen who want to repair such a mechanism.

It's pretty simple work but it requires care. It is necessary to disassemble the lock, based on knowledge of its structure, in the following cases:

  • Seizes the mechanism. Sometimes, due to the shrinkage of the door leaf, certain problems arise when closing or opening the door. Also, periodically the lock will need to be lubricated to avoid jamming. In this case, it is also necessary to know the device of the interior door lock with a latch.
  • Breaking. Over time, the parts of the mechanism wear out under the influence of friction and other adverse factors. Even a new lock can break quickly if handled roughly. A breakdown requires disassembly of the lock and replacement of the failed part.
  • Lock replacement. This may need to be done if the room has been renovated and the old handle does not harmonize with the interior. You may also need to replace the lock if you need to install a modern mechanism. Due to a breakdown, it will also need to be changed.
  • Permutation. If a new interior door has been installed, you can install an old lock on it.
  • Lost key. If the system is complex, a new lock must be installed. To do this, the old structure is dismantled. Otherwise, it will be impossible to get into the room.

In all these cases, you need to know how such a system works. Otherwise, you can damage, break the existing lock.

Varieties

The device of the door lock of the interior door may differ slightly in accordance with the type of product. There are the following types of interior locks:

  • Fallen. The tongue in the design, which locks the door, has a beveled shape. It goes into a recess on the opposite side. The tongue is mounted on a spring, which allows it to be drawn into the landing hole when the door is closed. Once in the recess, it stretches forward. To open the door in the presence of this mechanism, you will need to turn or press the handle. This is a fairly common locking device.
  • Roller. This type of construction is used for interior doors with spring hinges. Here, instead of a tongue, a roller is installed. It is also mounted on a spring. When closing the sash, it enters the corresponding recess. This is how the door is fixed. If you pull the handle, the roller will spin and pop out of the recess. This will open the door.
  • Magnetic. This simple design. The interroom door lock device allows the use of this variety, for example, in a nursery. There is a magnet on one side of the door, and door frame- metal plate. When closed, they are attracted. To open the door, you need to slightly pull the handle. The magnet can act as a tongue. In this case, it is movable, which makes the design look like a latch lock.
  • With lock. In this case, when using the latch, you can close the door. It cannot be opened from the opposite side. The device of the interroom door lock with a latch is suitable for a bathroom, a toilet. The latch can be located on the handle or under it. It can also be installed in a separate outlet.

The internal arrangement of the interior door lock is characterized by relative simplicity. Designs that include a latch are the simplest, universal option. Latch locks are often installed on inexpensive canvases. But sometimes you can find such locking structures on expensive doors.

A simple mechanism has a cylinder and a tongue. They are located in locks that are installed in living rooms. Most often they are mounted on the door leaf of the bedroom or living room, as well as the kitchen. The possibilities of a latch in a simple design are rather limited. However, they will help the door leaf not to open. The sash will be in the closed position.

The simplicity of the device of such a lock is its advantage. Even if the mechanism is jammed, such a door will be relatively easy to open. Repairs can also be easily done by hand. If the design is more complex, more serious intervention in the design will be required to fix the breakdown.

The presented simple mechanisms perform the functions assigned to them in residential premises. They cannot protect against serious intrusions, but this is not required for such a scope. In such a mechanism there is no secret that could be opened with a key. But by turning the latch, it will be possible to fix the door tongue in the required position.

The device of the lock handle of the interior door of the presented type is also special. It may have a latch. By pressing the handle, you can remove the tongue from the seat on the loot. The cost of such locks is relatively low. Therefore, such latches with latches are in great demand.

The device of the door lock of the interior door can be more complex. If a latch is provided in the design, this design is more perfect. In such a device there is not only a tongue, but also a special mechanism. It locks the latch in the desired position. The tongue is responsible for opening and closing.

The latch holds the door in the closed position. This locking device allows you to completely close the sash from the inside. If such a mechanism jams, it will be quite difficult to disassemble such a lock. Its main task is to keep the door leaf in the closed position.

The mechanism with a latch is mounted in the bathroom or bathroom. Quite often, such locks are installed in offices, in offices. It is the purpose of the premises that often determines the choice of the castle.

Since it is rather difficult to open a mechanism with a latch, it is recommended to purchase a mechanism of an average and high price category. Cheap locks can quickly fail, leading to many problems. When buying, you need to pay attention to how the tongue moves. It must move smoothly. Otherwise, the product is of poor quality. The mechanism for returning the latch to its original position also requires attention.

The device of the lock of an interroom door with a latch can be different. It depends on the type of handle, how it is attached to the canvas. In this case, the locking mechanism can be push-button or lever. The second of these options can often be found on sale. They are more comfortable and reliable.

The main parts of the mechanism

Considering the device of the interroom door lock, its main elements should be noted. This will help fix the mechanism.

The basic package includes the following parts:

  1. Castle. This is an internal mechanism that blocks the sash inside the opening. The main element of the castle is the crossbar. This is the latch or falevy tongue.
  2. Pin with four edges. He protrudes out of the canvas. With the help of this part, the internal mechanism is set in motion. The pin connects to the handle, regardless of its configuration.
  3. Handle. It is pressed or turned to open or close the door.
  4. Decorative overlay. This structural element covers the fasteners, giving the handle an aesthetic look.
  5. Reply part. This item is on the box. The counterpart is a plate that covers the hole in the loot. It has an indentation for a faux tongue.

By disassembling these details, you can find the cause of the malfunction. Having eliminated the breakdown, you can assemble the structure in the reverse order.

How to disassemble a lock with a handle or latch?

The mechanism with a handle has a relatively simple device. For inserting locks into interior doors, this system is most often chosen. There may be a latch without locking or a more complex mechanism. A key may even be used here.

To fix the fittings, you must first remove the handle. To do this, unscrew the screw, which is located on the bottom or side of the handle. To do this, use a screwdriver. In some models of handles, you will have to use a hex wrench.

Next, it will be possible to dismantle the overlay that covers the fasteners. The screws must be unscrewed with a screwdriver. If you have a screwdriver handy, you can use it. The handle is removed together with the axle pin. This will allow access to the lock mechanism.

It is necessary to unscrew the plate, which is located at the end. It is held by 2 to 4 screws. This will allow you to remove the tongue and all other parts of the mechanism. They are just pushed inward a little. The inside of the mechanism can be reached through the hole where the handle was previously mounted.

The interior door lock device may have a latch. The principle of operation of this design is in many ways similar to a mechanism with a handle. First, remove the part from the front side of the door. A screw is unscrewed from the side of the plug. The mechanism must be carefully removed, including from the opposite side.

You also need to unscrew the end plate, and the internal structure is pushed through the hole from the handle.

Complex lock repair

Knowing the device of the lock of the interior door, you can repair it. Difficulties may arise if you need to disassemble a mechanism with more complex elements. For example, such a lock may have a key. The category of such locks includes lever and cylinder.

The second of these mechanisms can be removed from the door by unscrewing the end plate. Next, you can dismantle the front part. Using a screwdriver, carefully move the lock. The internal mechanism can be removed from the seat.

The design may provide for the fixation of the larva. It will need to be turned a little with a key. It is necessary to set its position so that it does not interfere with the movement of the castle. Care must be taken as the internal parts may be damaged.

A lever lock is even easier to disassemble. First, the plate is also unscrewed, and then the mechanism moves to the edge. When a small part of the structure is released, it is simply picked up by hand. You can pry it off with a screwdriver. You also need to act carefully, as you can damage the internal parts of the mechanism.

Some features have a magnetic lock device for interior doors. This is a fairly inexpensive type of mechanism, as they have a simple design. They are simple and comfortable to use. There are no moving parts in the design.

Inside the magnetic lock is a ferrite core. It only works when the sash is closed. On the reverse side is a bar that has a reverse charge. She must be in correct position. The tongue in this case will not extend from the end.

The mechanism in this case is triggered by a magnet. To open such a door, you need to change the location of the lever. He controls the tongue. It attaches with a magnet to the opposite hole. Since the device of such a lock is very simple, there is practically nothing to break in it. Even if the door sags, it can be closed with such a lock.

Installation Features

To establish the presented variety of mechanisms, it is worth considering this procedure with an example. To do this, you can study the device of the Apex lock for interior doors. Its most popular variety is the overhead model 5300-MS. In this case, it is not necessary to prepare a hole in the end of the door and the hatch.

First you need to mark the installation location of the fittings. This can be done on the vertical or horizontal part of the door frame. The response plate is installed on the sash. Here you also need to apply the appropriate markup.

Then the stencil is glued to the surface. It will allow you to determine how many holes will need to be made for installation. You also need to determine the desired diameter of the fasteners. Next, you can install the counter plate.

When all dimensions are rechecked, installation is carried out. First, the counter plate is mounted. After that, the operation of the locking mechanism is checked.

The most complex and high-tech mechanism is possessed by electronic locks. They are also called smartlocks. It provides not only the presence of a mechanical part, but also electronics. Such locks can be overhead or external. The principle of operation of such mechanisms is simple.

The lock has a panel on the outside. Numbers from 0 to 9 are indicated here. First, a code is entered into the program. The system will recognize a certain combination of numbers. You will need to enter a password, as well as turn the key. If such a lock is installed for an interior door, it provides for blocking the key if the password was entered incorrectly.

The electronics are powered by the built-in battery. If she sits down, the door can be opened with a physical key. There are models on sale that respond to a special code card. It will be difficult to repair this kind of locks on your own. This work should be entrusted to professionals.

Do you want to have your own space and be sure that no one will break into it? Then installing a lock on an interior door is the only right decision for you. You can do it yourself without resorting to outside help. It is only important to choose the right accessories. It must be of high quality, match the interior in shape, color and design.

Choosing a lock for an interior door

By function and design, there are several types of door locks:

  • conventional latch or latch lock;
  • latch with lock;
  • mortise;
  • magnetic;
  • overhead;
  • latch;
  • latch;
  • level.

This is the most primitive type of lock, which is used in almost all interior doors. It is a simple design, consisting of a cylinder and a plastic or metal tongue. Often such a mechanism is mounted together with a handle that controls the tongue.

Latch - the simplest mechanism installed on interior doors

The purpose of the latch is to keep the door closed. The conventional latch is simple, reliable in operation, characterized by a wide choice of designs. However, due to excessive simple mechanism, it has not found wide application.

Latch with lock. It is considered a variation of the conventional latch, which is equipped with an additional latch. It blocks the movement of the handle. There are two types: lever and push-button. The first type is more practical, reliable. A push-button lock is no worse, but with it there can be such an unpleasant situation as accidentally slamming a door.

The latch with a latch has a number of advantages: simple installation, simple design, wide choose models. The disadvantage of this lock is a weak locking mechanism.

When buying a product, pay attention to the fact that the movements of the tongue are smooth and whether the spring returns it to the inside of the door.

The people called him a mechanism with a larva for a key. Outwardly, it looks like a lock for street doors, but has a simpler design. The structure of the device includes a cylinder and a lock block.


Mortise locks are reliable and durable

The cylinder is of two types: "key-key" and key-revolver. The first is installed if the lock is used occasionally. The second, on the contrary, is suitable for more frequent use.

Mortise locks close bedrooms, offices, pantries. They reliably protect against penetration, are durable, rarely break. If we talk about the disadvantages of the device, then this includes the complexity of installation and the dependence of the parameters of the device on the thickness of the door.

If you can afford to fork out, then this type of castle is for you. It is intended primarily for rooms in which it should be as quiet as possible: bedrooms, children's rooms, offices.


The magnetic lock is silent, but its cost is quite high

Silent operation is ensured by its design, consisting of a crossbar, striker, magnet, magnet case. The bolt is attracted to the striker with a magnet, which is located on the box.

Along with the advantages of the product, there are disadvantages. Firstly, it is the impressive cost of the castle. Secondly, the lock case is not very compact in size, which makes it look bulky.

Rim lock. Products of this type can rightfully be called a rarity. However, despite this, the demand for it to this day does not fall due to the simplicity of the mechanism and simple installation.

Current models boast a comfortable body. The device is mounted on the inside or outside of the door, thus providing protection against unexpected entry.

The original purpose of the lock was to secure one of the wings of double doors. Currently, it is installed mainly in the bathroom, toilet.


Espagnolette installed in bathrooms

The principle of operation of this product is so simple that even a small child can handle it. Its installation does not require special knowledge and experience.

Latch. This simplest form castle. A latch is a metal plate with a retractable lever. It is placed as a main or auxiliary lock.

The mechanism is widely used due to the high degree of reliability and protection. It is used for both street and interior doors.

To fix the bolt in the mechanism, plates (levers) with grooves of various shapes are used.


The lever lock has a high degree of protection

The corresponding key bit profile is suitable for each insert. The lock will open only when the levers are in the correct position and the groove is free for the passage of the bolt.

If you have made your choice in favor of a stylish but simple lock, you can get to work.

Tools and materials

To install the mechanism, you will need the following materials:

  • handles of any shape (round, in the shape of the letter "G") - 2 pieces;
  • cylinder mechanism with a spring;
  • fastening screws that connect the cylinder mechanisms;
  • crossbars;
  • sockets for closing cylinder devices - 2 pieces.

In addition to materials, a small set of tools is needed for work:

  • simple pencil;
  • roulette;
  • drill;
  • office knife;
  • chisels 0.1 and 0.2 cm;
  • feather drill 2.3 cm;
  • drill 0.2 cm;
  • a crown of 5.4 or 5 cm based on the thickness of the door;
  • masking tape;
  • hammer.

If one of the listed tools is not at home, you will have to buy it. Their cost is low, and they are always useful on the farm.

Lock installation

Putting the mechanism on your own will not be difficult. You just need to forget about the rush, be careful enough. The success of the case depends on many factors, including the type of door.

The easiest way to insert the lock into wooden canvas. It will be more difficult with an MDF product, since skills and knowledge are already required here. Therefore, in this case, it is better not to take risks, but to call the master of his craft for help..

Otherwise, poor work will result in damage to the mechanism, which will require repair or even a complete replacement of the product.

Preparatory stage

Marking is First stage on the way to the lock. The first thing to do is to prevent possible damage to the door.


The lock is mounted at a distance of about 1 m from the floor

To this end, measure the distance on the canvas 0.9 - 1.1 m from the floor covering - this is the location of the lock. Then paste in that place masking tape on the edge and surface of the door. Such a procedure will not only protect your product from scratches, but also facilitate the application of measurements.

The pattern comes with a lock. It allows you to make unmistakable marks indicating the position of the holes. To do this, fold the stencil along the fold line and attach to the end. Then, with a self-tapping screw, mark the centers of the holes on the end and on the flat surface of the canvas.

Selection of holes for the handle and lock mechanism

After marking, take on the following steps:


Cutting a lock with a milling cutter

A milling cutter is a small vertical machine. It is quite easy to use, so even a beginner can manage it. To embed a lock using a machine into an interior door with your own hands, you must:

  • Put the canvas perpendicular on its side and fix it with a slipway.
  • Measure and mark the tongue.
  • Attach the lock to the sash so that the marked line runs clearly in the middle of the recess made under the tongue. Circle the body of the product with a pencil, as well as the bar along the upper and lower borders.
  • Draw straight lines on the end of the canvas. Use a square if necessary.
  • Select the opening for the lock with the machine.
  • Change the cutter in the machine, based on the dimensions of the bar, and adjust the depth required for its thickness. Make a notch in the center.
  • Make a nest for the lock case. To do this, drive the machine in the middle of the markup in a straight line.
  • On the resulting line, drill holes with a drill. The wood that remains is removed with a hammer and chisel.

The opening for the lock can be made with a milling cutter

Thus, an opening for the castle turned out. To check if everything is done correctly, insert the device into the seat.

Mortise lock without cutter

The absence of a cutter is not a reason to postpone the installation of the lock until better times. For installation, the most common tools that can be found in any home are suitable.

Although it should be noted that there are cases when it is impossible to cope without a professional machine. For example, installing a lock with a latch.

Insert mechanism with larva

Sometimes the lock is mounted on a door that already has a handle. It is for such situations that mechanisms with a larva are designed. They have the shape of a rectangle, so this work will seem overwhelming for a self-taught master.


Locks with a larva are mounted in a door with an installed handle

However, you do not need tools and skills. Only by trying, you will learn how easy it is to insert a lock with a larva into a wooden door.

To do this, find a place for the lock (above the handle or below it) and take on the following items:

  • On the end, draw a center line where the mechanism is mounted.
  • Attach the lock and make marks indicating the height of the product.
  • Drill holes along the center line with a small distance between them.
  • Use a drill to remove the jumpers between the holes and make a neat nest that matches the size of the lock.
  • Place the mechanism in the resulting opening, fix it with self-tapping screws. With an office knife, mark and cut the perimeter of the lock plate to approximately the same thickness as the lock plate itself.
  • Remove the mechanism and make a hole for the device with chisels.
  • Attach the lock to a flat surface of the canvas and mark the location of the larva. Then circle the larva along the contour. Do the same on the back of the door.
  • Drill a hole for the larva. In order for the device to enter freely, you need to go a little beyond the marking contours.
  • Put the lock and screw it with self-tapping screws, the holes for which had to be made in advance.
  • Fix the larva and check how the mechanism functions. Put on it with the help of self-tapping screws lining as a decor.

Installing the counterpart of the lock

This is the final moment of mounting the lock mechanism. To install the counterpart, follow these steps:

  1. Close the door and draw two lines on the opening, the distance between which corresponds to the size of the latch.
  2. Measure how far the start of the latch is from the corner of the door.
  3. Measure exactly the same distance on the opening - this is the beginning of the recess.
  4. If you are going to drown the counterpart in the jamb, then set it in place and circle the inner and outer contours with a pencil. If not, then outline only the inner one.
  5. Before installing the answer, make a recess under the tongue and self-tapping screws with a tool.
  6. Install the counterpart and close the doors. If excess play occurs, eliminate it by bending the tongue on the answer.

The reciprocal part of the lock is fixed with self-tapping screws

Thus, you have come to the finish line. Installing a new lock or replacing an old one is not a very difficult process, but it requires accuracy. When changing the previous mechanism, make sure once again that it is advisable to reinstall. After all, the problem can sometimes be solved by simply adjusting the device.

The lock is a simple mechanism that consists of a set of metal rod plates and a series of springs. Bending or disengaging each of these elements will cause a malfunction of the lock, which can be easily fixed on your own. How to repair the lock with your own hands, our article will tell.

General arrangement of a mechanical door lock

The appearance of door locks may vary depending on the requirements for their size and design, but at the same time it internal organization remains virtually unchanged.

Regardless of the manufacturer, the lock will always be equipped with a bolt (bolt) with a mechanism for moving it and a key recognition mechanism, depending on the shape, it can be called a secret, a larva or a cylinder. Without these components, the castle will cease to perform its functions. For ease of use, a handle and a bolt-latch (tongue) can be built into the mechanism, allowing you to close or open the door, to fix it in the closed state.

Why locks for interior doors break

Manufacturers can use mild steel, copper and aluminum alloys for the manufacture of mechanism levers, which are not able to withstand increased loads for a long time. That is why the main reasons for the failure of the lock mechanism are:

  1. Problems with the door leaf or loot.
  2. Dust in the lock mechanism or rust.
  3. Wear or damage to the internal elements of the lock.

Consider the influence of each of the negative factors on the door lock.

Problems with the door leaf or hatch

Both interior and exterior doors, no matter what material they are made of, can deform over time. Any change in the geometry of the door causes the lock bolts to move relative to the strike plate.

The mechanism for moving the crossbars is not designed to overcome the friction that occurs when the bolt and the bar come into contact. The additional load that arises in this case is distributed to all elements of the lock and becomes the cause of the breakdown of the weakest link in the system - the secret.

Somewhat less often, for this reason, the crossbars and the mechanism for their movement break.

Lock mechanism dusty or rusty

The operation of a mechanical lock in very dusty rooms, and not carried out in a timely manner, leads to an increase in internal resistance between the moving parts of the mechanism. Ignoring this problem for a long time can cause the lock to jam or break. This factor is especially dangerous for models in which additional locking rods are installed.

No less problems for the operation of the lock are created by rust that has appeared on the internal elements of the lock. Only regular cleaning and lubrication of the mechanism can significantly extend the life of the lock and avoid unforeseen breakdowns.

Wear or damage to the internal elements of the lock

Even with timely maintenance, the internal elements of the lock experience significant loads and can break. After replacing a failed part, there is a high probability that the lock will last for many more years.

Mortise lock for the door. Repair and maintenance

Let us consider in detail the most common design among all types of locks, used in both wooden and metal doors.

The mortise lock is highly reliable due to the simplicity of the mechanism. The most complex unit in its design is the cylinder mechanism, which is easily changed. Its replacement is carried out when the key is wedged, the mechanism is periodically blocked, the keys are lost, etc.

Checking the performance of any locks and their repair:

  1. Open the door.
  2. Check the operation of the lock for backlash and jamming.
  3. Compare the operation of the lock when open and closed door if the mechanism works worse in the closed state (sticks, does not close, moves harder), check the striker plates for friction with the bolt, change the geometry of the striker plates to eliminate friction.
  4. Remove lock.
  5. Open the protective cover of the mechanism.
  6. Take a picture of the mechanism inside.
  7. Clean the mechanism of dust, rust, old grease.
  8. If necessary, rinse the lock with kerosene.
  9. Check the integrity of the springs, the condition of the mechanism for moving the crossbar.
  10. Check the operation of the secret without a lock, if necessary, replace it.
  11. Assemble the castle according to the photo.
  12. Install the lock in place.
  13. On the open door Check the operation of the lock mechanism.
  14. Check the operation of the lock mechanism on the closed door.

In order to avoid breaking the lock at the most unexpected moment, at the first sign of a malfunction, it is necessary to do its maintenance. In its process, it is possible to identify problem nodes and eliminate the reason why the lock began to “work worse”. In addition, regular maintenance, carried out for a home door every few years, can significantly extend the life of the lock.

During the check, special attention must be paid to the condition of the springs of the mechanism, if necessary, return them to engagement with the seats, and in case of breakage, replace them. Check each lock mechanism separately, identify places of increased friction and components that do not fulfill their functions, restore the operation of the mechanism (put thrust on the seat, replace plastic bushings, align bent ones, replace worn ones).

To perform maintenance or repair on a mortise lock, the mechanism must be removed from the door.

1. Using a hexagon, unscrew the screw that secures the outer door handle to the square.

2. Unscrew the fixing cylinder mechanism bolt

3. Pull the secret towards you. At the moment when resistance appears, turn the key in the keyhole so that the secret tongue disengages from the body and the lock mechanism.

4. Unscrew and remove the bolts fixing the lock handles.

5. Remove the handles themselves and the square.

6. Loosen the screws fixing the mortise lock body and remove it.

7. Clean the seat of the lock from dust and chips.

8. Check the integrity of the handle mechanism, clean it from dust and lubricate it. In this case, special attention should be paid to the springs of the return mechanism and limiters.

9. Clean from contamination and check the operation of the lock cylinder (secret).

10. If the key is broken in it, remove its fragments with tweezers.

11. Lubricate the slave cylinder.

12. Unscrew the bolts fixing the protective case of the lock and remove the top cover.

13. Clean the inside of the lock from dust and rust.

14. Check the condition of the springs and steel rods.

15. Lubricate moving parts.

16. Assemble the mechanism for moving the bolt and latch, check its operation.

17. Install the lock on the seat in the reverse order.

18. Check the operation of the lock with the door open and then closed.

19. If necessary, adjust the gaps in the striker plate.

Handle-lock for interior doors. Repair and care

Due to the optimal ratio of cost and reliability, the handle-lock (handle-knob) ranks first in popularity among locks for interior doors. The unique yet simple lock handle design is easy to repair. Most often, the return springs and the latch mechanism break in it, repairing the lock handle in most cases is limited to returning the disengaged springs and rods to their seat.

For repairs or Maintenance you will need to remove the knobs (linings on the handles), for which:

1. We find a special hole on the body of the decorative trim.

2. Turning the handle, we move the spring hook directly under the slot.

3. Using a special key or a watch screwdriver, press the spring lock and at the same time pull the handle off the mechanism. From the side of the latch, remove the decorative trim, for which we simply pry it with a screwdriver. We unscrew the screws connecting the inner and outer parts of the lock

4. We take out the inner and then the outer part of the lock.

5. We unscrew the two screws that hold the latch and remove it.

After the dismantling of all parts of the lock is completed, we check the integrity of the mechanical elements, clean the mechanism from dust and dirt, and lubricate the working parts of the mechanism.

Particular attention must be paid to cleaning and lubricating the latch mechanism.

Integrity of the return and locking mechanism of the handle.

After checking and repairing, the handle is installed in its seat. The lock is being tested.

Regular care door lock, its lubrication and periodic performance checks will be the best prevention, allowing you to timely prevent the failure of the locking mechanism, which will save you time and money and avoid emergency opening of the door with the lock being broken.