Pipes

How to install gutters on the roof. The roof is already covered, but how to install gutters? The nuances of fastening elements of the drain

To organize the drainage of water from the roofs of houses, various drainage systems are used, which are a structurally articulated set of elements that protect the basement and external walls from waterlogging. In addition to performing a protective function, modern gutter systems allow you to decorate the house and diversify its design. In this article we will tell you how to fix the gutter to the roof and wall.

For reliable fastening to the structure of all parts of the drainage system, special fasteners are used.

Types of fasteners

The following types of fasteners are used for fastening gutters:

Brackets. Allows you to fix the gutters. The size and shape of the brackets depends on the shape and overall dimensions used gutters.
Clamps. They are attached to the walls and allow you to fix the drain pipe. For different types walls (wooden and brick) various clamps are used. The shape and size of the clamps depends on the type of drain pipes used. The most commonly used metal clamps are fastened with a single, and long, hardware. Clamps made of plastic have 2 attachment points.

Ways

Gutter fastening methods

To fix the gutters, brackets are used, which are mounted in the following ways:

On the front board. This method is used when the installation of the roof is fully completed. This is the only way to fix the brackets without additional dismantling of already installed roof elements.
On rafter legs. In the absence of the so-called frontal board, the brackets are attached to the rafter legs.
To the roof deck. In this case, special elongated clamps are used, which are fixed at two attachment points and allow the brackets to be securely fastened to the mounted roof lathing.

When mounting the brackets, self-tapping screws are used.

Methods for attaching drain pipes

To fix the drain pipes, clamps are used, during installation of which the following should be taken into account:

To ensure a reliable connection, the fixation depth of the hardware must be more than 60 mm, while it must go into the wall, and not into the insulation.
It is necessary to provide a certain distance from the facade wall to the drain pipe.
After fixing the downpipe in the clamp, it should not over-compress it. This is especially important when using pvc pipes, changing their dimensions due to temperature fluctuations, which can lead to the appearance of cracks and destruction.

Installation

If you do not have the desire and the necessary skills to install the drainage system on your own, then in this case it is better to involve specialists. Given that this species installation is a fairly simple task, you can decide on self-installation roof drainage system. The presence of an assistant will greatly facilitate the installation process, but, in extreme cases, the work can be done alone.

For installation work in addition to the ladder, you will need a set of tools:

building level;
roulette;
plumb;
building cord;
ruler-gon;
hacksaw for metal.

Installation of gutters

The position of the drains relative to the roof overhang should be as follows:

the overhang should protrude relative to the edge of the drain closest to the house by 25–65%;
the far edge of the drain must be below the visual plane of the roof (for a wavy roof, the plane is determined by the lower wave).

For high-quality water drainage, it is required to ensure the slope of the gutter in the direction of the drain, with a value of 0.2–0.3%.

Installation sequence:

Mark and attach the outermost two brackets (first and last), taking into account the required slope.
Stretch the construction cord between the first and last bracket. This will make it easy to mark the installation locations of the remaining brackets.
Install the remaining intermediate brackets (in increments recommended by the manufacturer).
Fasten the drain funnel of the drain (along the line of the cord).
Install gutters. Install plugs where necessary. If there are protective nets, install them in the drain funnels.

Installation of drain pipes

Produced in compliance with the following rules:

Installation of pipes is carried out in the direction from the bottom up.
Under the hardware on which the clamps will be mounted, it is necessary to drill holes of the appropriate diameter.
The installation step of the clamps is 1.8 meters.
Each pipe should be fastened with a separate clamp, with several clamps installed on long pipes (according to the recommended pitch).
The lower pipe is led into the storm sewer, and in its absence, the lower elbow is mounted.
The top pipe will connect to the funnel.

A correctly selected and securely fixed drainage system will provide full protection for your home from waterlogging of the walls and basement, decorate and preserve the appearance of the building for many years.

Video

Learn how to mount a gutter system using the example of installing a plastic gutter:

It is advisable to plan the drainage system and the drainage of rainwater from the foundation when the construction of the roof has not yet been completed. This approach will allow you to choose the optimal system for the type of fastening, material of manufacture and cost. The main question that arises during installation: how to fix the drain to the roof? It is necessary to fix the horizontal lines so that the water flows freely, and the gutters do not deform in the heat and do not sag under load during the melting of snow.

Drainage systems from different materials differ not only in cost and appearance. Gutters made of polymer and metal have different weights, performance characteristics, respectively, require strict adherence to installation rules. Properly fixed gutter tray can serve for decades without breakdowns and repairs. The main materials from which the parts of the gutters are made of medium price category, - plastic and metal in a polymeric protective coating. Exclusive systems made of copper and aluminum are installed less often, installation is carried out only by professionals.

Installing the gutter on the brackets

Plastic systems

Low price, light weight, ease of assembly and installation are the main advantages of plastic systems. If you know how to properly fix the drain, then the installation can be done by hand. Assembly does not require professional tools, lightweight structures can be lifted and fixed by yourself.

Prefabricated gutters are installed on hooks that are attached directly to the gable (frontal) board or its lining. Given the light weight of products, fasteners are made of plastic. To prevent the polymer tray from deforming under the weight of snow, the step between the hooks is reduced to a minimum of 50 cm.

Attaching the plastic gutter to hooks

Disadvantages of plastic systems:

When installed in cold regions, additional heating is required in winter period- electrical cables are fixed in the gutters.

Brittleness: under increased loads (temperature changes, heavy snowfall, convergence of the ice crust), the material cracks.

fragility.

Metal-plastic and steel gutters

Polymer-coated steel structures are durable and reliable. The gutters withstand loads of ice and snow without damage. Systems are installed in any climatic conditions.

Steel structure: roof mount

Factory parts are covered with a protective film: during installation, care must be taken that the top layer does not peel off to prevent water from entering the metal base. Products are installed in several ways:

Gutters are mounted on both adjustable and rigid non-adjustable brackets.

It can be installed on a gable board, flooring, or directly on the rafters.

The choice of connection technique depends on the readiness of the roof and the ability to fix the hooks under top coat roofs.

Gutters and fastenings of the metal-polymer system

Advantages of coated steel products: wide selection colors, durability, reliability, complete factory equipment for installation.

Footage and number of parts for the gutter

A preliminary calculation of the number of fastening hooks, connectors, elbows, the footage of pipes and gutters is carried out on the roof scheme. The total perimeter of the roof with the addition of 10% margin is the approximate footage of the gutters. Pipe footage - the height from the connection point with the gutter to the lowest point, multiplied by the planned number of drains.

Factory trays are available in standard size- in segments of 3 m. They are joined so that one horizontal line contains solid gutters with 1 section cut to the planned length.

The main elements of horizontal lines:

Gutters. Each separate section is equipped with 2 side plugs.

Connectors. Plates with seals join the sections of the trays to each other. Strengthen the joints with a special sealant.

Brackets. The number of hooks is calculated by the total footage of horizontal sections multiplied by 2: provided that the drains will be fixed on hooks in 50 cm increments.

At the junction points of horizontal and vertical lines, funnels are installed to drain water from the tray into the pipe. The number of funnels is equal to the number of drainpipes.

How to properly fix the gutter on the roof: instructions

First of all, it is necessary to prepare tools and a set of parts for assembling the horizontal part of the system. Experts will help you choose the type of fasteners. Depending on the planned method of fastening and the material of manufacture of the trays, you will be offered brackets with height adjustment or with a special extension for mounting on rafters. Buy a few spare parts in case there is an error in the calculations or the connector breaks, deforms during installation.

Fixing a plastic drain to the roof

Preparation: tools for work

Gutter fixing tools

To securely fix the drain, you will need simple tools:

Roulette, pencil and coated cord (thread) for marking the board.

Hacksaw (if the parts are plastic), scissors for working with metal (when choosing metal-polymer parts).

Screwdriver or cordless drill with nozzles.

Hardware - self-tapping screws or bolts, studs with nuts. It is advisable to choose fasteners made of stainless materials.

General rules for installing gutters

Regardless of the chosen method, how they plan to mount the brackets for gutters, there are general rules mounting parts to follow:

The length of the horizontal line assigned to one pipe should not exceed 12 m. If the specified value is exceeded, the inner diameter of the pipe simply cannot cope with a large volume of water. When the length of the roof slope is more than 12 meters, it is necessary to plan the installation of 2 funnels.

Planning for funnel installation points and inclination of gutters

Gutter angle. Be sure to install horizontal lines with an inclination towards the pipe. Offset from the extreme point - up to 3 mm per meter. The slope will provide an accelerated flow and prevent overflow in the event of heavy rain.

Fastening methods and distance between hooks

The pitch between the fastening hooks depends on the gutter material. For plastic lines, brackets are attached to the roof every 50 - 60 cm. Maximum - after 75 cm. When installing metal-plastic or all-metal structures, the distance between the hooks can be increased to 90 cm.
The gutters are fixed at some distance from the board or wall. If we draw a conditional straight line that continues the line of the roof slope, then the distance from this line to the upper edge of the gutter should be 2 - 2.5 cm.

The edge of the roof should be above the conditional center of the tray or offset to the inner edge.
If possible, a drip outlet is attached under the roofing with a stop at the gutter - to remove condensate.

Distance from the edge to the first hook and the distance between the bracket and the edge of the funnel

Installing short brackets on the gable board

How to attach a plastic gutter to a gable board

On the finished roof with your own hands, it is easier to fix the drain on the frontal board. Mounting pattern using short brackets suitable for installation plastic products. Screws are selected that are suitable in diameter for the hook holes. The system is outdoors, so stainless steel screws are chosen.

Plastic short non-adjustable hook

Proceed to marking the line of attachment. Calculate slope. An easy way to make a correct slope without error:

Retreat from the edge of the roof and put a point at the point of attachment of the extreme hooks.

The place of fastening of the last bracket is shifted horizontally down: the length of the slope is multiplied by 3. The resulting value in millimeters is the height difference between the extreme fasteners. If the line length is 10 m, then the offset is a maximum of 3 cm. The installation line is beaten off with a thread.

Hooks are attached along the line

The brackets are fixed, observing the rules of the protrusion and the distance to the hanging edge of the roof.

Measure the distance between the fixed brackets. Calculate the number and distance between intermediate hooks. Mark attachment points.

Fix the brackets.

After installing all the holders, check the correctness of the slope. Collect and install a horizontal branch. Mount the plugs along the edges on the sealant. Straight segments are joined by connecting plates with rubber seals. Apply 3 lines of sealant: in the center of the plate and along the edges. They press against the groove. Between the edges of the segments leave a gap of up to 5 mm.

Docking gutters in a horizontal line

At the points of the planned connection to the downpipe, a hole is cut out for the funnel. Install the item.

Adjustable hooks and brackets with extensions: deck and rafter mounting

When installing gutters on the roof at the construction stage, one of two options is chosen: on rafters, if the distance between the parts does not exceed 1 m; or on the flooring - a continuous coating or boards.

Installation of brackets on the roof deck

Use adjustable brackets:

With straight extension.

With extension and height adjustment mechanism.

Hook with height adjustment

When choosing hooks with extensions, there is an easy way to get the right angle. The required number of brackets is laid out in one line right next to each other. A mark is placed at the fold of the first element. Draw a straight line to the end of the last part. The calculated difference (slope of the drain) is marked upward from the point on the extreme element. Connect the point to the mark on the first hook. The resulting line is the bending points of the brackets. Items must be numbered.

Hooks are attached to the flooring or rafters, bent according to the markings. The building level checks the angle of inclination of the hook. It is necessary to bend the bracket bar in such a way that the chute installed in the mounts is in a strictly horizontal position, without kinks.

When using brackets with adjustment, the installation is carried out in a straight horizontal line. At the bottom of the brackets, the slope level is marked, each element is adjusted by the mechanism until a flat inclined line is reached.

Installing gutters on lining or siding

Difficult question: how to fix the drain to the installed siding or lining? There are 3 solutions:

Remove the trim from the gable board. Simple short hooks are used, which are fastened with long screws. A washer or a dense rubber gasket is installed between the board and the hook so that the lining can be freely installed.

Hooks on the board under the siding

Insert the hooks through the decorative trim. You will need a drill and long screws. Drill holes in the lining slightly larger than the diameter of the fastener. Screw fasteners into the base under the siding. Use short hooks.

Short brackets with fastening over the lining

Install adjustable brackets under the roof sheathing - no need to remove the siding.

Fixing the gutter on the brackets

To fix the tray in the brackets, manufacturers complete the products with special groove joints or mechanical latches.

The tray is combined with the protrusions of the brackets

To fix the drain, a gutter is inserted into the hooks at an angle. After aligning the protrusion of the bracket with the groove on the edge of the tray, the gutter is rotated 90 ° until it is in the correct position.

Connection with funnels is carried out in a locking way. If the instructions provide for additional sealing, a sealant is applied along the edge of the hole for the funnel. Align the hole in the tray with the hole in the funnel and tighten the lock until it clicks.

Video: fixing gutters

A short video tutorial on how to attach gutters to a finished roof without using short hooks. The installation is carried out under the tile covering on the flooring boards.

Try to plan the drainage of rainwater from the roof so that at the same time the installation of the gutter with roofing works. There will be no need to independently install the brackets at dangerous heights. With your own hands, installing a drain on an outbuilding, a bathhouse or a garage is not a problem. If skills construction works no, opt for an inexpensive and easy-to-install plastic system with short hooks.

Imagine the roof of your house or cottage without a gutter system. This means that after the winter snow melts and during each rain, the perimeter of the house will look like a waterfall. There is also a threat to the proper condition of the walls and foundation of the house.
So a system for draining rainwater from the roof is a must. And the way the gutter is fastened will determine the reliability of the entire system.

A good drainage system will last a long time and will not cause trouble during operation. Of course, if you put plastic structures, you will not have to rely on them for as long as on a polymer-coated metal system. Here the main issue is financial opportunities at the moment.

In any case, only high-quality installation will allow the drain to work all the time for which it is designed. Therefore, for the installation of the system, homeowners often turn to professional firms. However, you can do all the work yourself.

If you have no idea about fixing gutters and other elements of the roof drainage system, first carefully study the entire installation process.

When to start?

Ideally, if the gutters are fastened in a house under construction at the stage of roof construction, before its coating is completed. This provides ease of installation and simplifies some work. But, if you are dealing with a fully built house, this does not mean that the installation of a drainage system is impossible. You just have to find the right options.

Please note: it is with the device of fastenings and installation of the gutter that work begins on general installation systems for collecting and draining rainwater from the roof.

Fastener selection

There are no special subtleties here. The brackets must match the diameter of the gutters you choose.. Make sure the metal is of good quality.

Some drain systems of well-known manufacturers (metal coated with polymers) are supplied complete with all necessary fasteners.

Fastening calculation

How many brackets are required for the installation of gutters - depends on the material of the drainage system. For metal structures, a step of 0.5-0.6 meters is sufficient. It is advisable to mount plastic gutters for water drainage more often - three brackets per meter. If the roof is complex, with turns, external and internal corners, this must be taken into account. After all, each side may require its own bracket.

Please note: the distance from the intake funnel to the nearest fixtures must be at least 0.15 m.

Where to mount?

There are several ways to install fasteners for laying gutters:

Fastening of a drain to a frontal board. The choice of this method is most often dictated by two circumstances. Firstly, the installation of a water collection and drainage system is carried out with a fully finished roof. Secondly, you are planning to install a plastic drainage system. However, it is not forbidden to fasten the metal structures of the water drainage system in this way, while it is advisable to use special short hooks.
The next method is to use rafter legs as the basis. This is possible if the pitch of the rafters is no more than 0.6 m. This method is very reliable and is great for roofs of a large area. But it is possible to apply it only before laying the roof covering.
Long hooks or combined brackets can be attached to the roof sheathing, to its first lath. This method is optimal if the rafters are arranged in increments of more than 0.6 meters (if an ondulin or metal roof is planned).
The last method is designed for the case when the previous three are not available. For example: how to fix a drain when there is no frontal roof board, as well as access to rafters and sheathing. Then it is necessary to mount special crutches (metal) into the wall, and fasten the gutter to them with the help of studs.

There is a very important question: what should be the thickness of the frontal board for attaching the drain? Someone uses the usual "twenty". There are those who, for reliability, buy a board 4 cm thick. However, craftsmen-builders consider 25-30 mm thickness to be optimal.

Attention: slope

No water drainage system will work if the installation of a roof drain does not provide for the correct slope of the gutter. It is made in the direction from the highest point of the drain to the intake funnel.

There are practical limits here:

With insufficient slope, rain and melt water will stagnate in the gutters, even overflowing over the edges is possible.
If you install gutters with an excessive slope, there may be too much water flow that the funnel cannot handle.
The optimal slope of the gutter per 1 meter of horizontal flow should be kept within 0.2 - 0.7 mm.

How to withstand the slope of the drain

In order for the flow to decrease evenly, it is important to correctly arrange the first and last fastenings of the gutter.

The first gutter bracket is attached to the high point runoff. Depending on the final length of the gutter, you need to calculate the slope of the drain and calculate the bottom point. The last bracket is attached to it. Then, between them you need to pull a thin rope or cord. Do all intermediate fastenings, focusing on the resulting line.

What to do next

After all the brackets are installed, you can start laying the gutters. There is a specific moment here: this is the connection of joints. First of all, it depends on the material and design of the drainage system. With any method, you can find both disadvantages and advantages:

adhesive joints are strong, but create problems during the dismantling and repair of the drain;
rubber seals provide tightness, but with sudden temperature changes can be deformed;
the cold welding method requires that the drainage system be protected from severe mechanical stress.

Fastening each gutter drain is a responsible and serious matter. Knowledge of the installation process of the entire system is very useful and important. If desired and necessary, you can independently equip the water flow from the roof or simply carefully monitor the work of invited specialists.

Such an important architectural element of the roof structure, which is the drainage system, must be thought out at the design stage. Moreover, modern SNiP recommend installing the system even before installing the roof covering. However, in reality, not everything is so smooth.

Sometimes circumstances force you to install a gutter system if the roof is already ready. Accordingly, it will not be superfluous to learn how to install gutters if the roof is already covered.

In what cases the drain is installed during finishing work

There are several situations when such an installation is necessary:

You can also try another option for fixing the hooks to the rafters. The brackets are fixed to the side edge of the rafter. The mounting surface of the holders is bent into a plane horizontally (this operation can also be performed independently). This type of installation is possible only when the cross section of the rafters is large enough, for example, 12 or 15 * 5 cm. When fixing the brackets, it is important to take into account that the roof covering should cover the gutter by half or a third of its width. Then you can not be afraid that as a result of heavy precipitation, water will overflow over the edges of the gutter.

Obviously, when mounting the brackets on the side face of the rafter, a preliminary fitting is required. In the process of fitting, it will just become clear whether such an installation option is possible.

Frontal board - a solid foundation

For those who are interested in how, if the roof is already covered, it is important to know that the simplest installation option is a frontal board.

On a note

It can be easily decorated, and the board will look like an independent detail of the roof exterior.

Long holders are used if the wind board has a sufficiently large width. Such brackets are made of metal, and the leg of the holder and the hook have the same width. Fixation to the board is carried out through the holes provided on the mounting platform, which is located on the leg.
Short brackets can be used not only when mounting on a windboard, like long ones, but also walls and rafter ends. True, at the same time, the reliability of the fastening is questionable, since the fasteners are located along the wood fibers.

Pick up short hooks made of the same material. It is also desirable to fix them on metal. Light weight allows you to fix them to a wooden windboard without any difficulties.

Special mention is made of adjustable brackets equipped with a special device. It shifts one part of the bracket relative to the other, setting the slope of the holder location, that is, the angle that forms the hook and the base for the mounts. To get the desired angle, just tighten the adjustment screws. Such brackets are almost indispensable for use in difficult conditions, for example, if the windboard is tilted.

When installing individual holders, to begin with, a straight line is beaten off on the windboard, observing the slope within three to five mm / linear. m. in the direction of the drain funnel. Stepping back from the edge of the end part of the wind board (the indent is approximately 50 - 100 mm), mark the place of fixation of the first bracket. After that, on the entire line, the installation locations of the holders are marked with a step of no more than 0.6 m (in some cases, even a larger step is acceptable, which is necessarily noted in the instructions). Having completed the markup, proceed to the installation of brackets.

A sufficient width of the roof overhang allows the use of another, very convenient option for installing gutters. Special short holders are fixed on a common metal guide profile. The latter, in turn, is fixed either on the wall of the house or on the wind board through the special holes provided on it. When fastening, the guide is immediately given the required slope. Thus, when installing the holders, there is no need to measure their place in height.

After that, brackets are threaded from its side and advanced along the guide, placing them with the required step. It is noteworthy that such holders do not need to be fixed, since they “sit” quite firmly in the profile. Undoubtedly, this is another advantage of such a mounting system.

"Crutches" as a basis

Sometimes there is no wind board in the roof structure at all. Then they resort to the help of special "crutches" made of metal or wood, fixed in the wall. The gutters are attached directly to the "crutches" on studs or bars.

Fastening on the edge of the roof

This method is justified when fixing the drainage system from the roofs along its eaves. This option is suitable for almost any roofing material. The brackets are fastened using clamps (as special clamps are called).

If the system is fixed to the wave material, then the holders are attached either to the lower or the upper point of its wave. At the same time, it is desirable to lay rubber gaskets under the legs of the metal clamps on both sides of the roofing sheet. Thus, two tasks can be solved at once: slightly reduce the load and soften the compression on the sheet.

Additional brackets

When using the above option for installing gutters, you can also use short hooks, but with one condition. In addition to them, L-shaped metal brackets are needed. Their long part is fixed on the side edge of the rafter. As for the curved shelf with a mounting platform on short parts, a short PVC holder is fixed on it. It is worth noting that in some cases this is the only way to fix the holders on the previously laid roof without damaging it. For example, if the roof protrudes beyond the ends of the rafters on the cornice overhang of about 12–15 cm.

invisible brackets

The construction market also offers brackets that hold the gutter from above, in contrast to the traditional version from below. They are completely invisible once installed. Such holders are mounted at a distance of 400 - 700 mm between them. If this condition is violated, there is a high probability of significant deformation of the gutter, caused by the impact of a significant load of the gravity of ice or snow.

Brackets that are used when installing to the crate, or from above to the rafters, must first be bent. The holder is thus given the desired shape, which subsequently allows it to be perfectly adjusted to the slope of the ramp.

Pull-up mount

Hanging mount is less popular than the above options. However, in some cases similar design is the only possible way. This type of bracket has special bends. During installation, one of them is put on the front edge of the gutter, while the second is hooked to the back. The holder is equipped with a sleeve having an internal thread. The fastener is screwed into the wall or windboard through the bushing and the upper section of the gutter wall.

How to install roof gutters : other possible ways

Mansard-type roof brackets can be fixed directly to the walls after careful measurements and subsequent marking.
On a filing of soffits of the required width, the brackets are fixed to L-shaped metal profiles, which are screwed to the sheathing of soffits.
In the absence of a frontal board, or if the soffit is narrow enough, special metal pins with a pointed end are used. They can be straight or L-shaped. In the wall brickwork or from concrete pre-drill a hole suitable diameter and fill it with a solution of concrete, then drive in a pin. After the mortar has completely set, installation of the gutters can begin.

On a note

When marking the location of the pins, the necessary slope in the direction of the funnel of the drainage system must be ensured.

For an experienced roofer, installing a modern gutter system is not difficult, but an inexperienced person may not be aware of some of the nuances that lead to serious problems in the future. Of which the most common are deformation, bending of the gutter, leakage and destruction of the facade from constant moisture.

Moreover, only one small installation error can serve as the cause of all this. And therefore, how to fix the gutter so that it has served faithfully for more than one year, we will tell you now in the most detailed details.

How to choose the right mount?

In total, to fix the drain, you will need the following fasteners:

brackets on which you will attach the gutters. It will not be difficult for you to choose a suitable mount, based on the shape and dimensions of the purchased gutters.
Clamps- special devices that allow you to attach drain pipes to the wall. Such fastening is also selected depending on the type and size of the drain pipes. Also decide on the material for making the clamps: if it is plastic, then it has two attachment points, while metal ones have one, long hardware.

On sale you will find hooks of two types:

Long ones are attached to the crate, to the rafter legs.
Short ones - to the frontal board, according to the original plan or due to the fact that the roof has already been installed.

The distance between the hooks should ideally be about 50 cm, maximum - 60 cm. If you use long hook holders, it is better to screw them through the crate directly to the rafters, then the drainage system itself will be more durable.

At the end of the installation, both long and short hooks from above must be covered with a cornice strip.

Of course, according to all instructions, long hooks must be fastened under the roofing directly to the crate. But often there are situations that it’s not easy to remove the old roofing just like that, just like lifting it up.

For example, it is old, so such hooks are often screwed even onto the cornice filing. Despite all the illogicality of this method, in practice it often turns out to be rational and sometimes the only possible one.

Basically, according to the rules, metal hooks are used for a metal drain, and plastic - for plastic. Today, copper hooks are rarely but still used:

How to properly position the brackets?

At this stage, you will have a completely expected question: how are the gutters attached to the roof itself? Hooks for them are mounted to the frontal board, windshield, to the cornice overhang or directly to the rafter legs.

The mount is installed on the rafter legs when there is no frontal board as such, in principle, or it is important to leave it untouched for the sake of a certain aesthetic effect. But, if the roof is already ready, then the only rational option is to attach the fasteners to the frontal board:

Sometimes fasteners for the drainage system have to be installed directly to the roof sheathing. For this purpose, special elongated clamps are used, which are fixed at two points. Brackets are attached to the rafters (through the crate) only pre-bent.

Often, home craftsmen try to save money and put the brackets too far apart, although the distance between the fasteners should not exceed 60 meters. If this rule is violated, over time, the gutters are deformed and gradually damaged under the pressure of the weight of water, ice and snow.

It is also important to be careful with the location of the brackets so that they are not too low or too high relative to the edge of the roof. If the hooks are lower than necessary, rainwater from them it will be bad to fall into the gutter, it will become splashed and streaks will go on the facade.

Sometimes such an installation error even leads to breakage and breakage of the fastener itself. And rightly so, if the gutter protrudes slightly beyond the edge, at least half of its width. If the gutter is installed too high, then the mechanical pressure on it and its fastenings will be many times greater than the norm, and the gutter system itself will have to withstand a load of falling snow.

At the end of the installation of the fastener, it is important to correctly install and align each hook:

Also keep in mind that when installing metal tiles, an anti-condensation film with an allowance is also used:

How to fix the gutter yourself?

When installing any gutter system, it is extremely important to take into account the thermal movement of the gutter and its structural elements, which, depending on the material of manufacture, work differently in tension and contraction.

According to the rules, the only movable element of this kind should be a hinged complaint, which is mounted without additional gluing - only on a latch. Moreover, modern manufacturers take care of this by making a special, so-called expansion mark inside the gutter, which helps to assemble in accordance with the air temperature that exists at the time of installation.

Here's how to properly mount the gutter directly on the eaves:

How to fix modern plastic gutters?

In total, you will need the following tools for installing a plastic drain: a cord, a hacksaw or a grinder, a screwdriver or a screwdriver, a puncher, a pencil, a tape measure, a ladder, a hook bender or a vice.

Let's look at an example of how to properly install a plastic gutter system. In total, it will be enough for you to spend about a day for this lesson. The main thing is to correctly calculate the slope of the gutter towards the funnel, so that the water flows easily and the melted ice quickly falls down. According to building codes, for each running meter it is desirable to make a 1 cm slope. Then follow these instructions:

Step 1. So, we mark the hooks: lay them out on flat surface close to each other.
Step 2. Now on the hook where the gutter will be mounted, make notches as many centimeters as necessary to create a slope, and mark this place with a pencil.
Step 3 Attach a ruler and draw a line from the first mark to the last. The line will not turn out to be horizontal, as you understand, and it is along this line that you will mount the brackets.
Step 4. Next, if you have metal hooks, then you will need a special hook bender, if not, then a small vise. They should be clamped along the line and bent towards you.

At this stage, we install all the hooks, while checking the bend angle. Please note that the angle of bend for all hooks should be the same, and only the place of bend along the line is different.

So, step by step:

Step 1. Take the hook with the smallest bend and screw it to the eaves. You should get the highest side of the complaint attachment and the lowest.
Step 2. Make sure that the edge of the roof is exactly in the middle of the hook. This is important so that the snow moving down in winter does not damage the gutter and rainwater falls exactly into the funnel.
Step 3. Now pull the lacing or strong thread between the first and last hook, and attach all the remaining hooks clearly along this line. The distance between the hooks should be between 50 cm and 65 cm.
Step 4. Now we take the gutters and mount them. Please note that modern drainage systems have special strips along the edges of the complaints that simply snap into place, and a well-thought-out rubber gasket protects them from leaks. It is usually black and hard to miss.
Step 5. Now install the gutter cap. It should be placed first with inside hook and press on its outside.

It is important that the mounted gutter is perpendicular to the ground:

We continue with the installation of the drain:

Step 1. In the next step, measure the distance from the funnel to the gutter connector, and at the same time keep in mind that during the installation process it will go into the funnel and connector up to 7 centimeters.
Step 2 Install the funnel so that it is 20-30 cm from the edge of the roof.
STEP 3. Cut off another piece of complaint. It is most convenient to cut a plastic gutter with a regular hacksaw with a fine tooth, or with a grinder with a thin circle for metal.
Step 4. Now we pick up a funnel. Please note that it has special sides - these are the limiters to which you need to insert the gutter.
Step 5. We mount the funnel and gutters.
Step 6. Now we move on to installing the knees. The knees must be installed on the drain hole of the funnel and turned towards the wall.
Step 7. After that, we take the second knee, and measure the distance between them. The second knee must be secured with a clamp.
Step 8. The next step is to measure the distance to the knee of the drain. It will be convenient to fix the clamp to the wall using self-tapping screws with press washer in 30 mm or dowels, if you have brick house.

The following step-by-step photo illustration will help you consider the process in more detail:

How to fix metal gutters?

Modern metal gutters do not always have mechanical latches, and therefore their parts must be joined by cold welding or using special glue:

Let's look at the technology of fastening a metal drain in more detail. So, all the parts necessary to assemble such a system are still factory-produced with high precision, thanks to which to collect elements in single system you can independently and without much straining:

Step 1. First of all, you need to take the exact dimensions and make a mounting scheme for the future drain to accurately calculate the number of pipes with fasteners, gutters and brackets, gutter plugs, funnels and their connectors. And get it all from a quality manufacturer.
Step 2. To set the correct slope of the gutter (5.0-10.0 mm is enough), fix the first and last brackets, and then stretch the cord between them.
Step 3. Now let's move on to the installation itself. First, we install gutters with the obligatory maintenance of the desired slope along the roof slope. Install the fixing brackets along the perimeter of the roof at a distance of 0.50 m.
Step 4. Several parts of a metal gutter in one length will be easier for you to connect on the ground using rivets and special sealant. Those ends of the gutters that will not drain water, close them hermetically with plugs.
Step 5. Next, install the downspouts, which should be fixed in the required places on the walls. Connect the sections of pipes together with clamps.
Step 6. Check the verticality of the pipes with a plumb line.
metal roof drains.
Step 7 Now connect the gutters to the pipes and funnels.
Step 8. And finally, install the lower drain elbows in the desired direction.

Fashionable copper gutters are fixed according to the same principle as ordinary steel ones:

But the most difficult thing is the installation of a gutter of complex shape:

Be sure to check the installed drain for reliability and leaks by simply pouring water into it from a garden hose:

How to install a heating cable in the drain?

In order to protect the newly installed drain from breaking with ice with the very first cold weather, today they install cable system heating. It is an electrical cable that is pulled around the entire perimeter of the roof. He works in temperature regime from 0 to minus 15 degrees, and even with ice and water on the roof.

Such cables are equipped with a temperature main official sensor. They are installed along the edges of the roof on the south side, and such sensors regulate the switching on and off of the cable system.

So, any gutter is always subjected to constant loads during its service. Especially if it rains, snows and there are strong winds quite often in your area. In addition, ultraviolet radiation and wind-blown debris have a devastating effect on the drain. And therefore, even for a well-established drainage system always need to take care of!