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Hamam - Turkish bath. Arabic Hamam Aire de Sevilla - an oasis in the heart of Seville Hamam history

What is a Turkish sauna - Hamam? Many, having heard about it for the first time, are interested in its difference from the traditional, health benefits. In this article, we will tell you all about the popular sauna in Turkey, which is now increasingly being made in Russia.

The name "hamam" comes from the Arabic "ham", which means "hot". So in Turkey and eastern countries they call a public bath, which is heated from a large boiler of water. In almost every village in Turkey you can find such a bath, and in the capital there are more than 100 of them.

Bathing process

The process of visiting a traditional Turkish sauna includes a whole range of procedures:

  • People change into Turkish sheets, usually red in color with a checkered pattern. Then they begin, if any, in the complex (regular sauna, jacuzzi).
  • The next stage is the Turkish steam room. Compared to a conventional sauna, it has a low temperature of 35-55 degrees, but a high concentration of steam (humidity up to 100%).
  • Then people are sent to the hall with warm marble beds, where attendants do massage and peeling procedure.

  • After that, you are washed with water and sent to the foam washing room.

Benefit and harm

The benefits of the Turkish hammam sauna are confirmed by the statements of many doctors, who assure of its beneficial effect on the body. Experts say that it helps in the treatment of colds, asthma, bronchitis and cholera.

The benefits and harms of the Turkish sauna:

  • Due to the gentle temperature regime, hamam is tolerated by the body much easier than other types. It produces a mild relaxing effect, and the sunbeds and underfloor heating only enhance this effect.
  • Warm light steam saturates the body with moisture, relaxes muscles and improves blood circulation and metabolism, relieves muscle and joint pain.
  • The heat transfer of the body during the adoption of procedures slows down, and the body temperature rises by a couple of degrees. As a result, metabolism and oxidative processes are accelerated.
  • Increased perspiration reduces the burden on the urinary system. Under the influence of steam, the vessels and skin capillaries expand and fill with blood, its outflow from the internal organs occurs, and congestion is eliminated. The skin and hair are not dried, but rather moisturized. Hamam also helps in losing weight and getting rid of cellulite.
  • Taking a contrast shower or swimming in a pool with cold water after the adoption Turkish bath.
  • As for harm, such procedures are contraindicated for people with heart disease, for cancer patients, hypertensive patients, and people with skin diseases.

How to make Hamam yourself

For the construction of a Turkish bath, almost any room in a house or apartment suitable for technical requirements. In addition to the steam room, you need in which a steam generator, flavoring and light projector will be installed.

It is best to make the ceiling in the Turkish style in the form of a dome, its height should be at least 2.5. It's not only original design decision in oriental style, but also a technological technique in which the accumulated moisture from the steam will not drip, but will be able to flow down the walls. An arched or vaulted ceiling will cost less.

Equipment selection

  • A prerequisite is the presence of a ventilation hood. To prevent moisture from entering the general ventilation system, an air dehumidification system must be installed in front of it. The vent valve must always be in the open position.

  • Sewerage must be equipped with a ladder with an odor-locking device.
  • In a modern Turkish bath, a special steam generator is used for heating. Its connection diagram is shown in the photo.

  • Heating of the floor, walls and seats is carried out using a water or electric heating installation.

Advice! Water view is more profitable to operate and less expensive to install. It is carried out by laying pipes of small diameter with a circulating hot water. Metal-plastic pipes run in three separate circuits through the seats, floor and walls. You can also use an electric underfloor heating system.

  • The room must be well insulated and waterproofed. The total wall cake with insulation is 7-15 cm.
  • The pie is made up of a layer mineral wool 5-10 cm, a layer of heat-reflecting thermal insulation, waterproofing, heating systems, plaster or screed to level the surface. For finishing marble, glass, marble or ceramic mosaics, ceramic tiles are used.

Note! The operating temperature must exceed 30 degrees Celsius. 6-8 hours before the start of the procedures, you need to turn on the surface heating at 45 degrees, and the steam generator turns on 1-2 hours before the start.

  • The steam generator is selected according to the parameters of the room. It is equipped with a temperature sensor that turns it off when the set temperature is exceeded and an automatic flushing system.
  • It is connected to the central water supply and electricity system. In private houses, it is connected to a separate circuit so that you do not have to turn on the heating of the entire house in the summer.
  • Only heat-resistant cables may be used as wiring. For lighting, you need to use only waterproof lamps for 12-24 V.
  • In Russia, the most popular are Swedish steam generators from Tylo, and Finnish ones from Helo and Harvia. The price of the cheapest of them starts from 33 thousand rubles.

Note! After the adoption of the procedures, each time it is recommended to carry out wet cleaning with detergent. The steam generator needs to be cleaned every six months.

Conclusion

Building a Turkish bath with your own hands is not so easy, but visiting it often at home is worth the effort. The whole process of its creation takes 1-3 months. The instruction on the video in this article will show you the technology of hammam equipment in a country house:

The Turkish bath hammam is the coolest of all existing types of baths and, at the same time, one of the most humid. The average temperature in the hammam rarely exceeds 35-50°C, but the humidity approaches absolute 100%. Such a "tropical" climate is very easily tolerated, allowing a person to relax and get the maximum effect from the procedures.

Turkish bath hammam - terms in an oriental way

Turkish baths are very similar in structure and design to. According to historians, this is due to the fact that the Roman steam rooms were just the same as the prototype of the hammam. Enterprising Arabs and Turks borrowed the idea of ​​a bath from the Romans, starting to build something similar in their homeland, but with an oriental flavor. Of course, the hammam is much more modest in size than the Roman baths, but the interior decoration is just as luxurious. In addition, the principle of arranging several rooms with different temperatures in one bathhouse has been preserved in the hammam - just like in thermal baths.

And there are really a lot of rooms in the Turkish bath, here there was not only a steam room and a sink. And every room has a different temperature! Entering the Turkish bath, the visitor immediately enters the locker room. It is not hot here, but it is already warm enough - about 28-30°C. This is followed by a transition to the main hall of the hammam (“Sogolyuk”), heated to 40-50 ° C. There are marble deck chairs (“Chebek Tashi”), on which massage and wellness procedures are carried out.

Usually the main hall of the hammam has a round shape, from which, like rays from the sun, 5 niche-steam rooms depart with different temperatures, which can reach up to 70 ° C. Such a number of steam rooms is needed so that each visitor can choose the optimal heating temperature for himself (suitable for his health and ability to tolerate heat). In modern private hamams, most often you will not see such a number and there is only one steam room.

Traditionally, all surfaces of the Turkish bath, including those, are made of marble. Under them runs a system of pipes with hot water, which is used as heating. Thus, initially cold stone becomes a source of very pleasant, soft heat, which spreads through the boors. The only cold part of the Turkish bath is the ceiling, so condensation forms on it. So that it does not drip on those present in the bath, but flows down the walls, the ceiling is made in the form of a dome.

Now many companies offer a Turkish bath in ordinary private houses and even in apartments. However, most often a Turkish bath in an apartment is a steam cabin with a connected steam generator or a converted bathroom. Maybe the climate can be reproduced in this way and it will be possible, but the atmosphere of grandeur, luxury and a real oriental fairy tale is unlikely.

There is no burning heat in the Turkish bath, so it is impossible to get steam here naturally. But, nevertheless, the humidity in the bath is very high! Where does steam come from? Initially, hot water boilers were used for this, which were installed under the floor. The steam rose up and was discharged into the room through special openings in the walls. In modern Turkish baths, the role of boilers is performed by steam generators that create fine steam in the form of a light mist.

What procedures are typical for a hammam?

When visiting the hamam, even in the locker room you will be given overalls - a large towel in which they turn around (it is not customary to bathe naked in a Turkish bath), and slippers with wooden soles. Then you will go to the main hall, where, lying on a stone lounger, you will warm up for 15-20 minutes. During this time, the pores of the skin will open and natural cleansing will begin. To enhance the cleansing effect, the skin is peeled with a hard mitten made of camel hair. In a traditional hammam, this procedure is performed by a bathhouse attendant, who rubs the visitor's body and at the same time conducts a light massage.

Next in line is one of the most pleasant procedures - soap massage. The bath attendant whips up soap suds in a large bag (like a pillowcase) and applies it to the visitor's body. In this case, only natural soap is used, made according to special recipes based on vegetable oils(peach, olive, jojoba, etc.). After that, the attendant begins a relaxing massage, which can last from 10 to 30 minutes.

Soapy massage and peeling are mandatory procedures in the hammam. However, in addition to this, they can offer you much more: oil massage, honey massage, various masks.

After all the procedures, you can go to a cool room, drink green or herbal tea with oriental sweets and relax. Only after you feel that your body has cooled down and has acquired a normal temperature, you can get dressed and go out.

The benefits of such a bath and contraindications for visiting

In addition to relaxation and pleasant sensations, the climate of the Turkish bath heals the body and allows you to cope with:

  • diseases of the ENT organs. Moist steam, penetrating into the respiratory tract, cures bronchitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, rhinitis, laryngitis. It is not uncommon for a regular visit to the hammam to get rid of chronic respiratory diseases that a person has suffered for years.
  • pain in the joints and muscles caused by rheumatism, arthritis, arthrosis, gout, neurasthenic conditions.
  • stress, insomnia, depression. Even in ancient times, they noticed that the calm, relaxing atmosphere of the hammam, combined with a light massage, not only helps to cleanse the body, but also the soul.
  • acne, skin rashes. The heated steam helps the skin's pores open up and become completely cleansed. Sebaceous plugs are removed, irritations disappear, oiliness of the skin decreases.
  • colds. High temperatures and humidification of the air allow you to quickly cure colds, but only if the patient's temperature is not elevated.
  • overweight. It has long been known that high temperatures and massage contribute to weight loss, therefore, while relaxing in the hammam, you can simultaneously correct the shortcomings of your figure.

If you are interested to know how you can lose weight in the bath, we advise you to read the article

Despite its mild effect on the body, the Turkish bath also has contraindications. There are few of them and they are:

  • any acute disease states. With pronounced inflammatory processes, high body temperature, exacerbations of chronic diseases, it is absolutely impossible to visit the hammam.
  • oncological diseases, since any tumors tend to grow when heated
  • bronchial asthma
  • tuberculosis
  • cirrhosis and other severe liver diseases
  • recent strokes or heart attacks
  • thyroid disease
  • pregnancy

At the slightest suspicion of any of the above, do not rush to make a trip to the hammam. Consult a doctor and, if he gives the go-ahead, go to a healing session with a light heart.

Hamam is essentially an oriental public steam bath. Its progenitor is terma - an ancient Roman bath.

Hamams were especially popular in the Ottoman Empire, and today they can be found in many countries of the Middle East.

Europeans got acquainted with the culture of the hamam in Turkey, which is why it is also known as the "Turkish bath" all over the world.

Hamam is not an easy place to wash. This is a whole ritual bathing and an occasion for social interaction between bathers.

In some regions of the Middle East, important events are still celebrated in the hammam!

The experience of visiting a Turkish bath is quite unique, and you will be very lucky to visit a country where a real public hammam has been preserved.

What is the correct name

AT various sources you will definitely meet two spellings of the word "hamam" - with one and with two "m" (hammam). It originally comes from the Arabic “ham” (heat) and when you visit Turkey, you will find the word “hamam” written as hamam.

The option with a double "m" appeared in our country for a reason. After all, for our compatriots "hamam" is the word "ham" in the dative case.

Therefore, to eliminate discrepancies, many sources write the name of the Turkish bath as "hammam", and both options are valid.

Traditional bathing arrangements

As a rule, hamams are gender-based, but people of all social statuses and classes can visit them. Men and women are present in the hammam at different times or are in different rooms.

Entering the public Turkish bath hammam, the first thing you find yourself in the locker room with wooden benches around the perimeter of the room. There are also hooks where you can hang your clothes.

You can buy soap and peeling gloves at the entrance. You can also hire a bath attendant to perform your bathing ritual (unless you are too shy).

Steam rooms are rooms with a domed ceiling, heated floors and marble deck chairs. They heat up to comfortable temperature so as not to burn your body, but to steam it before massage and peeling. Faucets are built into the walls, from which you can dial into buckets hot water for washing.

How does the bathing ritual take place?

Once inside the Turkish hammam, you first warm up in a warm dressing room with a temperature of 35-45 degrees.

Then go to the steam room, the temperature in which reaches 55-60 degrees. There, lie down on marble beds and completely steam your body. The main condition for a successful visit to the hamam is to sweat well!

After that, it's time for beauty treatments and massages that Turkish baths are so famous for.

Peeling is traditionally carried out with a special rough glove; it exfoliates the skin in the same way as the inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire did long before our days. The hammam worker will treat every cell of your body and you will definitely feel like you have been born again!

They say that peeling in a Turkish bath can be a little painful, but then you get used to and even enjoy these sensations. After the procedure, you may feel a slight tingling sensation for several hours.

Turkish massage is performed on a heated marble slab after relaxing and steaming the body. It must be hot and moist. The relaxing effect of Turkish massage is incomparable to any other type of it!

They leave the hamam bath after visiting three pools in turn, starting with the one filled with warm water and ending with the cold one. After that, the bathers find themselves in a cool room. It is necessary to neutralize the body temperature before going outside.

The last one is the rest room. You can have a good time there, sipping delicious drinks while sitting on a soft cozy sofa.

At all stages of the bathing process, there are always attendants who provide visitors with towels and other necessary items along with massage.

Invaluable Health Benefits

Bath hammam is the place that you can safely use for the benefit of your health.

Hot water, steam and heat create high humidity air. Thus, all your organs activate their work! They begin to expend a lot of energy, and this change is beneficial for the human body.

The body and skin are cleansed, toxins are eliminated, blood circulation is increased, stimulated the immune system. Peeling with a rough mitten accelerates cell renewal, removing dead cells and preserving the freshness and beauty of the skin.

Doctors have established the positive effects of sweating on health. Its importance is comparable to breathing!

A person sweats about 1.5 liters in a Turkish bath for 15 minutes. In this sense, sweating helps the kidneys a lot. Toxins are removed, which make up 10% of the excreted fluid. Also, pores open at the same time, so anti-cellulite procedures are often performed in the hammam.

In addition, a visit to the Turkish bath has a beneficial effect on the treatment of arthritis and many other diseases. The heartbeat and blood circulation are accelerated, thereby cleansing the body.

There are two types of Turkish baths according to the type of water used. In the first case, hamams work with artificially heated water, and in the second, natural hot water is used. It contains sulfur and salt, and its healing properties are used in the treatment of rheumatic, skin diseases and nervous disorders.

The ban on healing bathing

Despite the obvious health benefits, there are contraindications for visiting the hamam. So, you should not visit the Turkish bath if you have:

  • violations of the heart;
  • oncological diseases;
  • recent heart attack or stroke;
  • phlebeurysm;
  • thyroid disease;
  • liver disease;
  • peptic ulcer;
  • tuberculosis;
  • active stage of an infectious disease;
  • active stage of skin disease;
  • pregnancy.

Before visiting the hamam for the first time, it is useful to know some of the features that await you during bathing procedures.

  • Hamams are open from 6 am to about midnight.
  • The masseur and other workers will be of the same gender as you.
  • The Turkish bath uses standard soap. If you have sensitive skin or are allergic to certain foods, please bring your own.
  • If you order a washing procedure with the help of a bath attendant, then you wash the intimate parts of the body yourself.
  • Women must be in the hammam without make-up.
  • There is no way not to tip the Turkish bath worker. Make sure you have cash with you. Typically tips are 10-20% of the total.

In order not to lose the acquired tan, visit the hammam at the beginning of your journey.



Turkish baths have received worldwide recognition. This is one of the types of classical baths that has survived to this day. However, it is more correct to speak not about Turkish, but about Eastern, more precisely, Islamic baths, since this is a fact of life in the Muslim world in general. Hamams in Turkey and Syria, Morocco and Uzbekistan, Iraq and the Emirates, Libya and Tajikistan, Tunisia and Lebanon are practically no different from each other. This is a powerful and bright phenomenon of Islamic culture, the significance of which goes far beyond the hygienic and health-improving procedures.

The emergence of the hamam is hidden from us in the mists of time The Byzantine Empire (Second Rome), which lasted until the middle of the 2nd millennium and all this time continued to follow many Roman traditions and customs, remained faithful to them in relation to baths. It was in Byzantium, in the city of Pergamon, which is today in Turkey, that the famous Roman physician Galen practiced - an enthusiast and a big fan of the term. The Arabs of the Arabian Peninsula, closely communicating with the Byzantines, adopted some traditions from them. Even before the advent of Islam, frequent washing was quite traditional for the peoples of the East. This is a natural necessity in a hot climate. However, the Arabs at the same time only doused themselves with cold water, but their acquaintance with the luxurious traditions of Roman bathing, which happened during the conquest of the Levant by the Arabs, brought them the first of the wonders of the bath - hot steam. The Arabs learned how to bathe, but they did not stop pouring cold water on them. The fact is that immersion in a bath, pool or other container of water seemed unnatural to the Arabs: according to their religious beliefs, this is "bathing in one's own mud." And only with the advent of Islam did the development of such an original phenomenon as an oriental bath begin. The Prophet Mohammed experienced the effect of the Roman-type baths and highly appreciated them. He also pointed out that baths help increase fertility. According to Islam, this goal is sacred to every true believer. Therefore, the approval of the prophet opened a wide road for the hamam to the Islamic world.

The healing properties of hamam have been known since antiquity. The great Arab physician, scientist and naturalist, poet and encyclopedist Avicenna (Ibn Sina) considered the bath to be one of the strongest means of healing and treatment.

The work of this scientist "The Canon of Medical Science" contains a lot of information that has not become outdated to this day. A number of recipes and prescriptions are used by modern medicine. Avicenna argued: "If you engage in exercise, lead healthy lifestyle life and remember to go to the bath, there is no need for medicines. "He pointed to beneficial effect hammam on blood circulation, breathing, on the ability to get rid of excess weight. Avicenna recommended a bath for insomnia, paralysis, nervous disorders. In his opinion, it is indispensable for catarrhs ​​of the upper respiratory tract, inflammation of the vocal cords. The bath also helps with gastrointestinal diseases: diarrhea, loss of appetite, indigestion. Dry steam is useful for the treatment of rheumatism. The list of diseases in the treatment of which Avicenna recommends bath procedures is endless: jaundice and swelling of the liver, pain in the bladder, kidney stones, pain in the spleen ... The scientist also points to contraindications for visiting the hamam: epilepsy, blockage of the liver, headaches, noise and ringing in the ears. He warns against drinking cold water after a bath and warns against the dangers of a bath for eyesight.

Hamam architecture The hamam is built on the principle of a palm, that is, in terms of the plan, the room is a structure that consists of five rays emerging from one center - niches (eyvans).
The oldest hamams were built by the Umayyad Caliphs, who ruled the Arab Caliphate from 661 to 750 and followed the Bedouin way of life. Therefore, the first baths appeared not in cities, but in the wild desert. Kusair-aman, one of the oldest hamams that has survived to this day, suddenly opened up to the gaze of a traveler in the middle of a waterless desert on the shores of the Dead Sea, surrounded blooming garden. This oasis also once housed a castle for arriving guests and a watchtower, the ruins of which today are almost level with the ground.

Hamam - an integral element of the eastern cityscape- was built, as a rule, not far from the mosque, but a little to the side, in a place hidden from direct view. In the Islamic city, he was in every quarter and daily received his regular visitors.

Like the Roman baths, the hammam became the center of social life. "A city is good when it has a bath," said the early Arab historian Abu Sir. The entrance fee to the hammam has always been exceptionally low, and even the poorest person could afford this pleasure. In the Middle Ages, there was even a custom not to establish a certain fee - everyone paid according to their position.

Turkish bath is not just a place where you can wash your body and improve your health. Hamam miraculously woven into everyday life. Everyone is equal here: rich and poor, young and old, beautiful and unattractive - for some time everyone becomes free from the world that remains outside the walls of the hamam. In old Turkey, women, like men, could visit the bathhouse without restrictions - this was one of the few universally recognized women's rights.

For a Turk, a hamam is a place where significant life events are celebrated. In some places in the province, these traditions are alive to this day. So, in the bath, the appearance of the first tooth in a baby is celebrated. Or, for example, a person who makes a vow in honor of the fulfillment of some secret desire arranges a holiday in the hammam: rents a room at his own expense, provides refreshments and music. On this day, the bathhouse is open to anyone who wants to enter. Like many peoples, in the East there is a pre-wedding ritual of bathing the bride - jalim hamami. The bride, heading to the hamam, is accompanied by a whole procession of relatives to the music. She is dressed in a ceremonial costume - a vest and shalwars made of felt. This is a gift from the groom's family, and it is intended only for this solemn day. The bride was washed and steamed by relatives from the groom's side. After that, dressed in a silk shirt, she was seated on a dais in the middle of the hall, and young women - friends and maids - lit candles and lined up in a procession. While the candles were burning, they walked around the pool in the hammam with songs containing wishes for a happy life in marriage, to the sound of a tambourine. After that, unmarried people threw small money into the pool so that their marriage would come sooner and be successful. Even today, elements of these rites can be observed in Turkey and other countries of the East.

Traditions of ritual visits to the hamam are also very common on more everyday occasions. A joint visit to the bathhouse with a guest is an essential attribute of hospitality. Events such as circumcision, engagement, returning from military service or from war are not complete without a visit to the hamam. They also go there as a sign of religious purification: before putting on new clothes, before a long journey, in honor of recovery from illness, after leaving prison.


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Oriental baths, which are called Turkish in Europe, have a long and rich tradition. Name fixed English traveler David Erkvart, who visited Greece in the 60s of the 19th century. This country was then part of the Ottoman Empire and Mauritanian Spain. There he saw these structures, described in detail their device and introduced the term that we still use today - “Turkish bath hammam”.

However, the definition is not entirely accurate. The Turks were not the inventors of these baths, but adopted the custom of their use from the Arabs.
They, in turn, borrowed them from the Romans when, during their period of intense conquest, they became acquainted with the Greek and Roman baths in Syria. The ancient Greeks invented this type of baths, and the Romans popularized it. The Arabs and Turks continued the traditions of the terms and brought oriental flavor to their arrangement.

How is a Turkish bath arranged?

The word "hamam" is Arabic and is translated as "spreading heat, heat." On the plan, the bath looks like a palm, each of the five fingers of which is a steam room. As in thermal baths, the floors in Turkish baths are heated, but do not burn, but give pleasant warmth.

The bathing culture of the region is formed depending on the climate. It is no coincidence that hot and dry saunas are loved in cold and damp Finland, while in the hot and dry East they are rather cool and very humid hamams. In them, this figure is almost equal to 100%, while the temperature is not so high. This arrangement of the Turkish bath makes the steam "light" - it is not difficult to carry. This is facilitated by a large area of ​​evaporation, as not only the floor is heated, but also the walls and deck chairs. The floors are additionally constantly watered with heated water, as a result of which steam is formed. Another source of it is boilers or steam generators with boiling water, which are built into the walls. Steam exits through holes Ø 5x5 cm, located at a height of 1.5 m from the floor.

Procedures begin with the Jamekyan locker room, an analogue of the Russian dressing room. In this room, the temperature is maintained at 28-35 degrees. There, visitors warm up, then to move to more heated rooms. Room sequence with different conditions- cool, warm, hot humid - inherited from the Roman terms, but their ratio has changed. In addition, massage therapists have now appeared in the hot steam room, and the sweat room has replaced the room with dry heat.

The traditional rules of the Turkish bath say that the first room for the procedures should be “sogukluk”, it contains stone beds - “soup” (“flat stone” in Turkish). The Turks colloquially call them "chebek-tashi" - "a stone for the stomach."

On it, you must lie on your stomach. The purpose of the procedure is to sweat well.

They move from sogukluk to steam rooms, gradually raising the temperature from +35 to +70°. They return to it to rest.
After the steam rooms, there is a massage, both regular and foamy or oily. They start it from the head, moving to the neck, shoulders and then go down to the torso and legs. This is not just a massage, but a healing procedure. From it, the muscles become flexible, the ligaments are elastic, the mood is joyful and peaceful.

Next comes the washing procedures. By Turkish tradition wash with soapy suds using a coarse horsehair glove. After washing, you need to douse yourself with cold water and swim in shallow pools with water of different temperatures. The visit to the bath ends with a rest room - “keyf”. You can have a cup of coffee or tea there. By the way, a funny detail, our slang word “kaif” comes from the Arabic “keyf” - “rest”.

Visiting a Turkish bath is useful for all those who suffer from joint diseases and inflammation, arthritis, radiculitis, spinal diseases. In it you can get rid of osteochondrosis, neurosis and sleep disorders. The procedures are incredibly useful for people who have long physical exercise especially for athletes.

  • the presence of cancer;
  • inflammatory processes, including internal organs, in an acute form;
  • pregnant women are allowed to visit only on the recommendation of a gynecologist;
  • infectious diseases.

The construction of Turkish baths is becoming more and more popular

To experience the full range of pleasures from the hammam, today there is no need to go to Turkey. It can be built on your site, and even in an ordinary city apartment. "Warm floors" and a steam generator, which are the basis of such a bath, can be purchased without any problems in specialized stores. In a cramped apartment, of course, you can’t reproduce the entire space of the hammam, but a shower cabin with a Turkish bath will help you recreate the atmosphere of a warm fragrant steam room and get to know the interweaving of oriental traditions and modern technologies.

Now many companies offer the service of erecting such baths and showers. But get ready for the fact that due to the specific equipment and device, the construction of a Turkish hamam bath will cost you much more than a Finnish or Russian one. And, in this regard, I would like to warn you in advance that you are unlikely to succeed in a real Turkish bath with your own hands. A modern hammam is a very complex engineering structure.

It includes insulation, vapor barrier, power frame, thermal systems floors, walls, loungers, as well as multi-layer waterproofing and special finishes. At the same time, extreme operating conditions dictate an absolutely exact reproduction of the required technology. As we have already said, the construction of Turkish baths is possible both on the site and in apartment building. But for this, the surface of the walls must be covered with a special adhesive-based insulation. Next, is the installation of the reinforcing cage. A plaster and road mesh is mounted to it, the ceiling is equipped with another variety - brick-fabric. Heating systems for floors, walls and benches are equipped power frame. Heat must be supplied by a heating cable controlled by thermostats. This makes it possible to set and adjust separate temperature conditions on each heated surface of the bath. The plaster must be applied three times - this provides additional waterproofing. Further produce membrane waterproofing over the dried plaster layer. This operation is also performed three times, at intervals of 2 days, necessary for the hardening of each subsequent layer. The design of the floors in the hammam is no less complicated. It is a pie consisting of a backfill, two layers of screed with waterproofing laid between them, a heating system and a facing layer.

Of course, you can, having learned in a compressed form how to build a Turkish bath, try to recreate it yourself in your possessions. But for this you must have an extraordinary construction experience and knowledge of engineering.

Turkish bath project

In connection with all of the above, we strongly recommend: entrust the Turkish bath project only to specialists with direct experience in this field.

When planning it, it is necessary to take into account all the details and features that are inherent in this particular type of baths, which are so little like the others.

Before designing a hamam, you need to determine specifications. It requires considerable space, as it involves the presence of several rooms. Together with the specialists, you will have to decide whether to make the bathhouse complete or sacrifice something if there is not enough space or funds. At the same time, there is something that cannot be sacrificed - features of the roof, for example. In all real hamams, it is domed. And this is not so much a tribute to Eastern traditions as a prudent technological solution: the condensate formed at the top in the process of vaporization does not drip on the heads of visitors, but flows down the dome. And the project should also provide for places for swimming pools and kurnas - without them, a hammam is unthinkable.

When planning both a traditional and a small private Turkish bath, close attention should be paid to waterproofing. No less consciously and responsibly it is necessary to design heating systems - they are complex and require special qualifications. Hamam needs a thick steam. Therefore, the question of the technical equipment of the bath is very serious and deserves a separate discussion.