A unit of time equal to ten days. Seven Units of Time You Didn't Know About

If you want to know the topic of the lesson, guess the riddle: “What goes without moving?” Of course it's time. In this lesson, students are given the opportunity to learn some units of time measurement: year, month, day, get acquainted with the methods of determining time from the ancient Egyptians to the present day, and also practice translating one unit of time measurement into others, in solving tasks with ingenuity.

WHAT IS TIME?

This question has probably been asked by everyone. AT modern world it is very important to know what time is. The departure of trains, the departure of planes, the start of the working day, school classes, sports competitions and television broadcasts - all this happens at exactly the appointed time.

Why do you think they sometimes say "lost time"? Is it possible to waste time, for example, like a pencil or a book?

In many European languages, "time" is one of the most common nouns.

In Russian, we can also find many expressions with this word. You must have heard them.

• No time.
• Time flies.
• Time is like rubber.
• Waste time.
• Kill time!
• Give yourself some time!
• To save time.

Then let's not waste time and get to work.

It is about time, the units of measurement of time, that we will learn today.

People used to measure time by observing the sun, moon and stars. Already ancient people noticed the alternation of day and night, the change of seasons. The first units of time appeared: day and year.

The length of the year was determined at first very inaccurately.

For example, the ancient Egyptians considered a year to be the period of time from one flood of the Nile to another.

Then they noticed that the flood of the Nile is associated with the appearance of the bright star Sirius above the horizon. The year became more precise. The Egyptians invented one of the most successful calendars. They divided the year into 12 months of 30 days. This calendar served as a model for other peoples.

Year- a period of time approximately equal to the period of revolution of the Earth around the Sun.

In astronomy, a stellar, solar, lunar, calendar year is distinguished.

A year contains 365 days, but every fourth year is a leap year. It contains 366 days.

The year can be divided into 4 time periods (4 seasons) or you can also divide the year into 12 months.

Month- a period of time close to the period of revolution of the moon around the earth.

The time from one full moon to the next is 29 and a half days.

Day- a period of time approximately equal to the period of rotation of the Earth around its axis.

A day is a unit of time equal to 24 hours.

These units of time are cosmic (natural).

There are 12 months in a year.

There are 30 or 31 days in a month.

February has 28 or 29 days.

There are 24 hours in a day.

Complete the task.

Next to these words, write the word "day" as you think it should be pronounced.

Alone…

Two...

Five …

Thirty …

Test yourself.

One day

Two days

five days

thirty days

Name five days in a row without using the names of the numbers of the month and without naming the days of the week.

Test yourself.

The day before yesterday, yesterday, today, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow.

Compare units of time and put comparison signs.

65 days … 2 months

2 years … 24 months

3 months … 60 days.

1 year …366 days

You can argue like this.

65 days ….2 months

Each month (except February) can have 30 or 31 days. So the two longest months are 62 days long. And this is less than 65 days.

2 years … 24 months

We know that there are 12 months in a year, so there are 24 months in two years.

3 months … 60 days.

We have already recalled that each month (except February) can have 30 or 31 days. This means that the three shortest months contain more than 60 days.

1 year …366 days

It is unlikely that we will be able to put a comparison sign between these values, since we do not know whether this year is a leap year, which contains 366 days, or a non-leap year, which has 365 days.

Test yourself.

65 days > 2 months

2 years = 24 months

3 months > 60 days

1 year? 366 days

The train to the sea travels 2 days, and travels back 48 hours. Why such difference?

Test yourself.

In fact, there is no difference, since two days is 48 hours.

Bibliography

1. M.I. Moro, M.A. Bantova and others. Mathematics: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts, part 1. - M .: "Enlightenment", 2012.
2. M.I. Moro, M.A. Bantova and others. Mathematics: Textbook. Grade 3: in 2 parts, part 2. - M .: "Enlightenment", 2012.
3. M.I. Moreau. Mathematics lessons: Guidelines for teachers. Grade 3 - M.: Education, 2012.
4. Regulatory document. Monitoring and evaluation of learning outcomes. - M.: "Enlightenment", 2011.
5. "School of Russia": Programs for elementary school. - M.: "Enlightenment", 2011.
6. S.I. Volkov. Mathematics: Testing work. Grade 3 - M.: Education, 2012.
7. V.N. Rudnitskaya. Tests. - M.: "Exam", 2012.

1. Nsportal.ru ().
2. Prosv.ru ().
3. Do.gendocs.ru ().

Homework

1. Fill in the missing data.

In a year... or... days

In the year ... months

In a month ... or ... days

In February ... or ... days

In a day ... hours

2. Compare.

65 days …. 1 month

4 years … 48 months

4 months … 60 days.

1 day … 28 hours

3. Make a task on the topic of the lesson for your comrades.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

"Secondary school No. 14", Arzamas

Math lesson

in 3rd grade

Time unit - century

Developed by:

teacher primary school

Arzamas

2015

Explanatory note

1.

Full Name

Lapteva Tatyana Alexandrovna

Place of work (full name of OS )

MBOU secondary school No. 14

City, region

Arzamas, Nizhny Novgorod region

Job title

Primary school teacher

Class

3rd grade

Resource type

Detailed lesson plan

Title of the textbook

Technical support

Computer, multimedia installation, cards for work in pairs, watch model.

Information sources

Internet resources, literature.

10.

annotation

1 1 .

Methods

explanatory - illustrative, partially - search,

verbal, visual, practical.

Methodical information

Lesson type

A lesson in learning new material.

The purpose of the lesson

Introduce children to a new unit of time - a century.

Lesson objectives

1) Educational:

Systematize students' knowledge about units of measurement;

To consolidate the ability to perform actions with numerical values ​​of measurements: compare, convert large units of time into small ones and vice versa; 2)Developing:

Develop the ability to work in pairs, perform self-control, logical thinking;

Justify your actions, establish causal relationships, develop interest, attention, mathematical speech;3) Educators:

Cultivate a tolerant attitude towards each other, the ability to listen to the interlocutor.

Knowledge, skills, abilities and

qualities that update

will acquire, consolidate students in

course of the lesson.

1. Cognitive: the ability to express values ​​in different units of measurement, perform actions with named numbers, solve problems.

2. Personal: the ability to work in a team, evaluate their own educational activities: their achievements, independence, initiative, responsibility, reasons for failures; apply the rules of business cooperation: compare different points of view; respect the opinion of the other person.

3. Regulatory: exercise final control of activities (“what is done”) and operational control (“how each operation that is part of the educational action is performed”); evaluate (compare with the standard) the results of their activities; analyze own work: correlate the plan and completed operations, highlight the stages and evaluate the degree of development of each, find errors, establish their causes.

Planned educational outcomes

Learn: students will get acquainted with the unit of time - a century; learn to correlate units of time; build a logical chain of reasoning; establish analogies; take someone else's point of view, different from their own.

They will have the opportunity to learn:use acquired knowledge and skills in practical activities and everyday life.

During the classes

Organizing time(2 minutes) .

Today we have many guests, let's greet them, give them our smiles and good mood.

We have an unusual day.

And the class is full of guests

What do we need to tell our guests?

We are very glad to see you (in chorus).

Motivation for learning activities(1 minute) .

Today in the lesson we will recall the already known units of measurement, continue to work on units of time, get acquainted with a new unit of time.

III. Verbal counting(7 minutes) .

Task 1. Find an extra unit of measure (slide 2). Arrange the units of measurement in ascending order.

Task 2. Find an extra unit of measure (slide 3). Arrange the units of measure in descending order.

Task 3. (slide 4). Show the time on the clock.

17h. 20 minutes.

6h. 45 min.

21h. 00min.

11h30 min.

Task 4. (slide 5) Task about Dunno. Dunno wrote poems about his friends for 5 minutes 17 seconds. How many seconds did he do this difficult work?

IV . Physical education for the eyes(2 minutes) . (slide 6)

Follow the ladybug with your eyes without turning your head.

V . Working on a new theme(14 minutes) .

Group work.

Let's repeat once again in ascending order the units of time you know. (Slide 6)

– There is another large unit of time, popularly called " century».

– How many years do you think it combines? (100 years)

– What else is it called? (Century).

That's right, the topic of our lesson "Unit of measurement - century"

– What is 1 century? (100 years). (Slide 7)

– Let's write in the notebook the full date of today (day, month, year, century).

– How many years is the 21st century? (2100 years). (Slide 8)

Ages are usually denoted by Roman numerals. (Slide 9)

–– Many centuries ago, people agreed on a conditional reference point for time. Let's denote it as 0. (Its presence does not mean that nothing has happened up to this moment). We talked about the years of our era and the years before our era. So, let's show on the number line 100 years, 200 years. (slide 9)

– Name the years that passed before the first stroke. What century was it? (1st century)

– So, when the year 100 ended, the first century also ended. Then the second century began.

– Name the years that passed from the first to the second stroke. What century was it? (2nd century)

– Look at the picture and name the century for each highlighted year. (Slide 10)

VI .Fizkultminutka(2 minutes) .

Let's play. If I say the unit of mass, you squat down, the unit of time is to stretch your arms forward, the unit of length is to raise your arms up.

VII . Consolidation of the studied material(8 minutes) .

– Open the textbooks on page 51. We complete the task No. 286, No. 288 (in writing).

VIII . Knowledge check (independent work)(5 minutes) .

1 . Convert time units:

48 h =… day 8 h = … min

120 min = ... h 180 min = ... h

400 years = ... c. 300 years = ... c.

3 years = ... months 36 months = … years

60 months = … years 2 years = … months

5 minutes. =… from 4 min. = … with

600 s = ... min. 2 days = … h

2c. = ... years of the 8th c. = …years

Children do work in a notebook.

IX . Summary of the lesson. Reflection(3 minutes) .

Our lesson is coming to an end. What unit of time did we meet in the lesson?

– What is 1 century? (Slide 11)

Time cannot be stopped, our task with you is to use every minute correctly in the lesson and in life. Appreciate and save time.

We know time is extensible

It depends on

What kind of content

You fill it.

He has blockages

And sometimes it flows

Unloaded, empty

Hours and days in vain.

Let the intervals be even

What separates our days

But putting them on the scales

Finding long minutes

And very short hours.

VII. Homework(1 minute) .

Page 51 No. 285, No. 287 (2) (Slide 12)

Our Ancestors had sacred numbers: 3, 4, 7, 9, 16, 33, 40, 108, 144, 369. Until now, we use these numbers: at the age of 16 we received a passport (now at 14:-((), on the 9th and 40th day we commemorate the dead, etc. Our Ancestors had 9 cardinal directions.If each of them is divided into 40 parts, we get a circle of 360 degrees, which we use now.

Each day was divided into 16 hours, each hour contained 144 parts, each part had 1296 shares, each share had 72 moments, each moment had 760 moments, and each moment had 160 sigs.

In order to understand what quantities our Ancestors operated on, it is enough to give one simple example: one of the smallest particles of time among the Slavic-Aryan peoples was called “sig”. She was depicted as a rune in the form of lightning. The fastest move from one place to another was measured in sigs. This is where the old Russian expressions like “to jump”, “to jump” come from.

What is 1 sig equal to modern units time? The answer makes anyone think: there are 300244992 sig in one second, and 1 sig is approximately equal to 30 oscillations of the electromagnetic wave of the cesium atom, taken as the basis for modern atomic clocks (or about 1/300 billion fraction of a second). Why did our Ancestors need such small values? The answer is simple - for measurements of ultrafast processes. Thus, the ancient expressions “to jump”, “to jump” in modern language can only mean "teleport".

And the largest value of the distance “far distance” is approximately 1.4 light years. It is obvious that such units of length were needed only to describe distances to other star systems. Similarly, the longest period of time “Svarog Circle” was equal to the period of precession of the earth’s axis of 25,920 years, which for some reason remains unnoticed by contemporaries who are used to living on the scale of one human life, and not on the time scales of the existence of Mankind and ice ages.

Hour = 144 Parts (= 90 minutes).
Part = 1,296 Shares (= 37.56 seconds).
Share = 72 Instants (1sec = 34.5 shares).
Instant = 760 Flashes (1sec = 2484.34 instants).
Flash = 160 Sigs (1s = 1888102.236 flashes). This is where the word “jump” came from, that is, to move very, very quickly.
Sig = 14000 Sig (1 sec = 302096358 sig). 1 sig is approximately equal to 30 oscillations of the electromagnetic wave of the cesium atom, taken as the basis for modern atomic clocks.

Week - 7 days.
Oct - 8 days. Old Slavic period of labor days (Monday, Tuesday, triteynik, Thursday, Friday, six, seven, eight).
Week - the ninth day after working days - a day of rest (week - No Affairs).
Month - 40 (41) days; in the modern calendar, the solar month is 30 or 31 days, the lunar month is 29 or 30 lunar days.
Summer (year) - 9 months for 40 (41) days.
Circle - 16 years
The term is 40 years.
Century - 100 years.
The circle of life is 144 years.
Forty forty - 1,600 years.
Darkness - 10,000 years.
Vran - 10'000'000 years old.
The deck is 100’000’000 years old.
Yuga - a time interval of cyclically repeating epochs that our Universe passes in its development: "Satya Yuga" - 1,728,000 years,
"Treta Yuga" - 1'296'000 years,
"Dvapara Yuga" - 864'000 years,
"Kali Yuga" - 432,000 years.
"Divya-yuga" - 4 yugas, i.e. the life of Brahma (Svarog).

Eternity is the absence of time

Time flies. Time is in flow. It is money, it tolerates or not, exists or not, it is the fourth dimension in the Minkowski space, one of the many rational projections of the obscure Universe. And this dimension is given a huge number of properties, real and invented.

Meanwhile, nowadays in different countries The world can have different calendars and alphabets, units of distance and mass, but seconds, minutes and hours are accepted everywhere. Although no one bothers to highlight their originality and act like cashiers and sellers, who "I'll be in 5 minutes." stretches up to several hours (and everyone remains alive).

Why did it happen so? Moreover, some people live clearly more slowly than others. Perhaps because those who wanted to live on Earth always had to "be able to spin" at different speeds - the way the planet itself can. From its revolutions around itself, days are added, more precisely, a day, around the Sun - years. In Nepal now - 2071, in Ethiopia - 2006.

History and various sciences have preserved for us, however, several alternative measures for time. For example, the word "moment" is known. But when it is used aloud, it is rarely implied that the interlocutor or client should wait exactly one and a half minutes. That is, the unit of time "moment" historically equals 90 seconds - one fortieth of an hour. So it was customary to split eternity and apply divisions to dials in the Middle Ages. I wonder if it is possible to equate to 60 or another number of seconds the Russian analogue of the "moment" - the word "minute"?

All over the world, electronic and mechanical, are tuned according to the so-called. atomic clocks, which, like computers, have already evolved to pocket size. Our current list of units of the "fourth dimension" will begin with the atom.

Atom

“Volume” means “cut”, “divide”, “atom” means “indivisible”, as the ancient Greeks established in their time. Until some time, the atom was considered the smallest particle of matter. And in the old English language (Anglisc), "atom" was called something like a moment. That is, the shortest amount of time that can be measured.

In this meaning of the word, 1 "indivisible" atom is equal to 1/376 of a minute. This is 0.15957 seconds. With the advent of cinema and modern physics, the need for such a unit of time has obviously disappeared.

Gary

The Indian word "ghurry" is similar to the culinary term "curry", and also has a sharp approach to the issue. In the Middle Ages, the Indians "swapped bodies" hours and minutes, as if there were 60 hours of 24 minutes each in a day.

The water clock model "Gary" was a brilliant invention in its simplicity and accuracy. A wooden or metal cauldron of a certain size is taken with holes defined by its design. Such an empty container is immersed in a pool or a trough with water, the liquid begins to flow into the vessel through the holes, and in the final, the cinder overflowing with water sinks, sinking to the bottom of the pool. Usually 24-minute basins were used, so a day was equal to 60 gari.

Chandelier

The word "chandelier" refers to a period of time equal to five years. The buzzword "lustration" in Ancient Rome meant a cleansing sacrifice of animals on the Field of Mars after the next census of the empire's population. They betrayed the solemn fire, and this allegedly protected all civil people registered by Rome from the wrath of the gods. Such fiery censuses in the eternal city and his possessions were held from 566 BC.

The last rite of fiery lustration was carried out by Vespasian in the year 74, then the reformer Caesar abolished the custom. At the present time, the procedure of the same name, if performed, is without killing, and the word "chandelier" to designate a period of time has been forever replaced by the "five-year plan".

Mile

Just as a light year is not a measure of a calendar, but of distance, so distance can be a measure of time. For example, a land mile. Namely - mileway. In the Middle Ages, this term was sometimes used to refer to the time it took for an average pedestrian to cover a distance of one mile. Not having an exact meaning, the time mile was usually converted to about 20 minutes.

Nundines

In ancient Rome, nundins (from the words "novem dies" - the 9th day) were called market days, on which peasants came to the cities to sell agricultural products. Many residents of the suburbs only lived from nundina to another, and an 8-day break was established between market dates. Therefore, the periods of time from trade to trade themselves began to be called nundins in everyday life.

Kenziem

In French the word "quinzième" literally means "fifteenth". After the Norman conquest of England, "kenziem" was borrowed by a newborn English language, and this term was used to refer to the 15-pence tax that was imposed on every pound in the monarchy.

At the beginning of the fifteenth century, the word "kenziem" began to be used in a religious context. Meaning the day of some Christian holiday and the following two post-holiday weeks. That is, it turned out to be a 15-day period.

scrouple

The word comes from the Latin "scrupulus", which means "small pebble" or "pebble". Historically, scruple was a term from the professional language of pharmacists. Scrouple was equal to 1/24 of an ounce, i.e. approximately 1.3 grams. In Russian they would say "pinch".

In the figurative sense of "a small amount of something," the word "scrouple" began to be used in the early 17th century as a name for a measure of time. Scroople began to be called the distance from division to division on a 60-digit dial, i.e. 1/60th of a circle. It could be a minute (and 60 minutes are equal to an hour), and a second (1/60 of a minute), and 24 minutes (a sixtieth of a day). The last measure, we recall, was the medieval inhabitants of India counting their times.