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Yuri Berezkin. Yuri Berezkin about early civilizations, the image of history and patterns of historical development Scientific interests and areas of research

Subjects taught

  • Classics of domestic and foreign ethnology and socio-cultural anthropology
  • Prehistory of civilizations
  • Non-classical mythologies
  • Political anthropology

Head of the Americas Department of the MAE RAS, professor at the Faculty of Anthropology, EUSP.

SCIENTIFIC INTERESTS AND RESEARCH AREAS

Ancient migrations and cultural connections, peopling of the Americas, comparative mythology, early complex societies

BIOGRAPHY

In 1970 he graduated from the Faculty of History of the Leningrad (Petersburg) University with a degree in history-archaeology. Since my university years, I could not decide what was more interesting: the iconography of the pre-Hispanic cultures of Peru or the archeology of the Ancient East, specifically the south of Turkmenistan. After university, he joined the army for two years, in 1973 he was admitted to the MAE (Kunstkamera) in the department of America, where he worked until 1986. In 1987-2002 - at the Leningrad Institute of Archeology (since 1990 the Institute of the History of Material Culture of the Russian Academy of Sciences), in 2003 he returned to the Kunstkamera . At the European University since 1996. In 1977 he defended his Ph.D. in the iconography of the Moche culture, in 1990 - his doctorate in comparing data on the distribution of mythological motifs in South America with archaeological materials on the settlement of the continent and the spread of agriculture. In total, from 1966 to 1994, he spent 60 months in the field, which is not much for an archaeologist. However, the practice of excavating settlements of the Neolithic - Middle Bronze Age in Turkmenistan (VI-III millennium BC), combined with acquaintance with the archeology of the Central Andes from books, generated interest in the typology of early complex societies. Attempts to find an explanation for the scenes on the paintings of the Mochica culture (I-VII centuries AD, Peru) made it necessary to systematize data on the folklore and mythology of South America. After an internship in the USA in 1992-1993 and the advent of the computer, compiling a database of the folklore of America, and then the whole world, came to the fore, although the early complex societies were not completely abandoned. A special area of ​​interest is cosmonymy. The main topics of work in recent years are the settlement of the New World (analysis of the areal distribution of folklore motifs in America and Siberia) and the history of the formation of the plot and motif fund of African and Eurasian traditions. Work at the EU helped to understand the logic of changing directions in anthropological and archaeological research and to determine my own position (neo-evolutionist). Author of more than 250 scientific publications.

PUBLICATIONS

Monographs:

Selected articles:

  • An Identification Of Anthropomorphic Mythological Personages In Moche Representations // Nawpa Pacha, (Berkeley) 18, 1981: 1-26.
  • Mythology of the Indians of Latin America and the most ancient folklore provinces // Folklore and historical ethnography. M: Nauka., 1983. S. 191-220.
  • "City of Masters" on the ancient eastern periphery. The layout of the settlement and the social structure of Altyn-Depe in the 3rd millennium BC // Bulletin ancient history, 3, 1994: 14-27.
  • Models of a medium-scale society: America and the ancient Middle East // Alternative paths to early statehood. Vladivostok: Dalnauka., 1995. S. 94-104
  • Chiefdoms and acephalous complex societies: archeological data and ethnographic parallels // Early forms of political organization. M.: Oriental studies, 1995. S. 39-49
  • The Tree of Plenty: Myth and Its Components // American Indians: new discoveries and interpretations. M.: Nauka, 1996. S. 152-166.
  • America and the Middle East: forms of sociopolitical organization in the pre-state era // Bulletin of Ancient History 2, 1997: 3-24.
  • (with Solovieva N.F.) Ceremonial architectural complexes of Ilgynly-depe // Archaeological Vesti 5, 1998: 86-123.
  • A woman in Indian mythology: someone else's or her own? // Astarte. Issue 2. Woman in the power structures of archaic and traditional societies. St. Petersburg: SPGU, 1999. S. 34-57.
  • V.M. Masson and social anthropology of the second half of the twentieth century // Interaction of cultures and civilizations. In honor of the anniversary of V.M. Masson. St. Petersburg: IIMK RAN, 2000, pp. 32-45.
  • // Studia Ethnologica. Proceedings of the Faculty of Ethnology. SPb., 2004
  • The quarterly center of the Bronze Age at Altyn-depe // Features of the production of the settlement of Altyn-depe in the era of paleometal / Materials of the South Turkmenistan Archaeological Complex Expedition. Issue 5. St. Petersburg: IIMK RAS, 2001. P. 40-59
  • South Siberian-North American connections in the field of mythology // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia 2 (14), 2003: 94-105
  • Trickster Rabbit: Mayan Iconography and Folklore of the Indians of the North American Southeast // Ancient Civilizations of the Old and New Worlds: M.: RGGU, 2003. P. 53-59.
  • // Proceedings of the Faculty of Ethnology. Issue. one . SPb., 2001 . pp. 98-165.
  • Evaluation of the Antiquity of Eurasian-American Relations in the Field of Mythology // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia 1(21), 2005: 146-151
  • Space hunting: variants of the Siberian-North American myth // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia 2(22), 2005: 141-150
  • // Anthropological Forum 2, 2005: 174-211.
  • // Forum for Anthropology and Culture 2, 2005: 130-170.
  • Some trends in the global distribution of complexes of folklore and mythological motifs // Ad hominem. In memory of Nikolai Girenko. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2005, pp. 131-156.
  • Continental Eurasian And Pacific Links In American Mythologies And Their Possible Time-Depth // Latin American Indian Literatures Journal 21(2), 2005: 99-115
  • Folklore and mythological parallels between Western Siberia, northeast Asia and the Amur region - Primorye (to the reconstruction of the early state of Siberian mythology) // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia. 2006. No. 3(27). pp. 112-122
  • The Bird Woman in the Chaco and California: Relic Forms of Social Organization in the Mirror of Folklore // Power in Aboriginal America. Problems of Indian studies. M.: Nauka, 2006. S. 383-409.
  • Eurasia - America: Dualistic Cosmogonies // Power in Aboriginal America. Problems of Indian studies. M.: Nauka, 2006. S. 353-382.
  • Lure and capture of Batradz. Siberian-North American parallels to the motif of the Nart epic and the genesis of heroic images // Power in aboriginal America. Problems of Indian studies. M.: Nauka, 2006. S. 410-422.
  • (with Korotayev A., A. Kozmin, & A. Arkhipova) Return Of The White Raven: Postdiluvial Reconnaissance Motif A2234.1.1 Reconsidered // Journal of American Folklore 119(472), 2006: 203-235.
  • Origin of death ancient myth// Ethnographic Review 1, 2007. P. 70-89.
  • Cosmogonic plots "a diver for the earth" and "the exit of people from the earth" (about the heterogeneous origin of the American Indians) // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia. 2007. No. 4(32). pp. 110-123
  • Dwarfs And Cranes. Baltic Finnish Mythologies In Eurasian And American Perspective (70 Years After Yriö Toivonen) // Folklore (Tartu), 36, 2007: 75-96.
  • African Old Testament and Asiatic "folk Christianity"? // Myth, symbol, ritual. Peoples of Siberia. M.: RGGU, 2008. S. 222-257.
  • Siberian-Saami connections in the field of mythology against the backdrop of the plot of ATU 480 // Natales grate numeras? Collection of articles dedicated to the 60th anniversary of G.A. Levinton. St. Petersburg: EUSPb Publishing House, 2008. S. 119-143.
  • Alcor, bowler hat and dog: intercontinental parallels and epochal changes in the picture of the starry sky // "Bricks": cultural anthropology and folklore today. Collection in honor of the 65th anniversary of S.Yu. Neklyudov. M.: RGGU, 2008. S. 11-23.
  • Out Of Africa And Further Along The Coast (African - South Asian - Australian Mythological Parallels) // Cosmos: The Journal of Traditional Cosmology Society (Edinburgh) 23(1), 2009: 3-28.
  • Folklore and mythology of Africa in the light of ideas about the ancestral home of man // Vestnik RGGU 9, 2009: 18-43.
  • Why Are People Mortal? World Mythology And The "Out-Of-Africa" ​​Scenario // Ancient Human Migrations. A Multidisciplinary Approach. Salt Lake City: The University of Utah Press, 2009, pp. 242-264.
  • Pleiades-holes, the Milky Way as the Road of Birds, a girl on the moon: North Eurasian ethnocultural ties in the mirror of cosmonymy // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia 4 (44), 2009. P. 100-113.
  • Selecting Separate Episodes Of The Peopling Of The New World: Beringian–Subarctic–Eastern North American Folklore Links // Anthropological Papers of the University of Alaska 5 (1-2), 2010: 257-276.
  • Sky Maiden And World Mythology. The Dispersal Of Modern Man And The Areal Patterns Of Folklore-Mythological Motifs // L "Impensé symbolique. IRIS. Les Cahiers du GER: Éditions litteraires et linguistique de l" University de Grenoble (ELLUG) 31, 2010: 27-39.
  • Mythological explanations of human mortality and the problem of the origin of the na-dene // From being to other being. Folklore and funeral ritual in the traditional cultures of Siberia and America. St. Petersburg, 2010: MAE RAS. pp. 7-50.
  • Kodiak in the cultural space of the North Pacific // Alyutiik Eskimos. Catalog of collections of the Kunstkamera. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 2010, pp. 421-450.
  • From the mythology of the Algonquians and Athabascans. To the reconstruction of the ethno-cultural history of North America // The discovery of America continues. Issue. 4. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2010, pp. 6-96.
  • Trickster Trot To America. Areal Distribution Of Folklore Motifs // Folklore (Tartu) 46, 2010: 125-142.
  • Spoiled Creation: European Folk Beliefs And Asian Mythologies // Aramazd: Armenian Journal of Near Eastern Studies IV(2), 2010: 7-35.
  • Two motifs in the mythologies of western Melanesia and the origin of the lapita // Australia, Oceania and Indonesia in the space of time and history (Maclay collection 3). St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2010, pp. 58-68.
  • From Africa and Back: Some Areal Patterns Of Mythological Motifs // Mother Tongue, Journal of the Association for the Study of Language In Prehistory 15, 2010: 1-67.
  • Out-of-Africa Hypothesis And Areal Patterns Of Cosmological Motifs // Acta Americana 17(1), 2011: 5-22.
  • On the structure of history // Leadership in the archaic: conditions and forms of manifestation. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2011, pp. 87-97.
  • Four folklore motifs from three eras in the history of Indonesia and the Philippines // Pilipinas muna! Philippines First! Collection of articles dedicated to the 80th anniversary of G.E. Rachkov. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2011, pp. 138-174.
  • Nanai folklore and the ancestral home of the American Indians // Radlovsky collection. Scientific research and museum projects of the MAE RAS in 2011. St. Petersburg: MAE RAS, 2012, pp. 329-338.
  • Siberian-South Asian folklore parallels and mythology of the Eurasian steppe // Archeology, Anthropology and Ethnography of Eurasia 4(52), 2012: 144-155
  • Mythological trees in the forest of culture // Ethnographic Review 6, 2012: 3-18.
  • // Eesti Kirjandusmuuseumi aastaraamat (Estonian Literature Museum Yearbook) 2009. Tartu: Eesti kirjandusmuuseum, 2012 [published 2013]. P. 31-69.
  • (co-authored with S.A. Vasiliev, A.V. Dybo, A.G. Kozintsev, A.V. Tabarev, S.B. Slobodin) // Ethnographic Review 3, 2012. P. 3-20.
  • // Art & Ideology / Art & Ideology. Sofia: University Publishing House “St. Kliment Ohridsky”, 2012, pp. 625-632.
  • // Zograph collection, vol. 3, 2013, St. Petersburg: MAE RAN. pp. 5-37.
  • Archeology, ethnography and politogenesis // Early forms political systems, compiler and otv. editor V.A. Popov. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2013, pp. 135-158.
  • Peoples of America // Ethnography (ethnology). Textbook for bachelors. Edited by V.A. Kozmin and V.S. Elder. M.: Yurayt, 2013. S. 399-423.
  • Two Approaches to the Problems of the Emergence of Complex Societies (towards the publication of a book by Kent Flannery and Joyce Marcus) (Flannery K., Marcus J. The Creation of Inequality. How our prehistoric ancestors set the stage for monarchy, slavery, and empire. Cambridge, Mass. & London: Harvard University Press, 2012. 635 p.) // Russian Archaeological Yearbook 3, 2013. P. 608-615.
  • The Central Andes, the Middle East and secret knowledge // Theory and Methodology of the Archaic. Cyclicity: the dynamics of culture and the preservation of tradition / Ed. ed. M.F. Albedil, D.G. Savinov. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2013, pp. 91-121.
  • // Folklore (Tartu) 56, 2014: 25-46.
  • Three tricksters: world distribution of zoomorphic protagonists in folklore tales // Scala Naturae. Festschrioft in Honor of Arvo Krikmann for his 75th birthday. Ed. by Anneli Baran, Liisi Laineste, Piret Voolaid. Tartu: ELM Scholaly Press, 2014. P. 347-356
  • // Anthropological Forum 20, 2014: 187-217
  • Neolithic, Andes and Western Asia // Russian Archaeological Yearbook 4, 2014: 18-25
  • Zoomorphic tricksters: patterns of areal distribution // Bestiary III. Zoomorphisms in the traditional universe. Rep. ed. M.A. Rodionov. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN, 2014, pp. 29-42
  • Zoomorphic support of the earth: the South Asian trace // Zografsky collection. Issue. 4, 2014. Rep. ed. I'M IN. Vasilkov and M.F. Albedil. St. Petersburg: MAE RAN. pp. 11-49

    • Siberian folklore and the origin of the Na-Dene // Archeology, Ethnography and Anthropology of Eurasia? 1(61), 2015: 122-134.

  • "Seven brothers", "heavenly cart" and the ancestral home of the Indo-Europeans // Ethnographic Review 3, 2015: 3-14.

    • Spread of folklore motifs as a proxy for information exchange: contact zones and borderlines in Eurasia // Trames. Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 19(1), 2015: 3-13.

  • Folklore and mythology catalogue: its lay-out and potential for research // The Retrospect Methods Network Newsletter 10. Between Text and Practice. Mythology, Religion and Research. A special issue of RMN Newsletter, ed. by Frog and Karina Lukin. Helsinki: University of Helsinki, 2015. P. 56-70.

    • The spread of folklore motifs as an exchange of information, or Where the West borders on the East // Anthropological Forum 26, 2015: 153-170

  • Children pursued by an ogre. Western and Eastern Eurasian borrowings in the 20th century Quechua narratives // Latin American Indian Literatures Journal 30(2), 2015: 185-215.

    • Buried in a head: African and Asian parallels to Aesop's fable // Folklore (London) 127(1), 2015: 91-102. (with Evgeny Duvakin)

  • The captive khan and the clever daughter-in-law // Folklore (Tartu) 64, 2015: 31-54. (with Evgeny Duvakin)

    • Peopling of the New World in light of the data on distribution of folklore motifs // Maths Meets Myths: Complexity-science approaches to folktales, myths, sagas, and histories, ed. Ralph Kenna, Máirín Mac Carron, and Padraig Mac Carron. Springer Verlag. (in print)

PROJECTS AND GRANTS (Since 1997)

1997-1998, Russian Humanitarian Foundation, No. 97-01-00085, Preparation and computer processing of a database on the mythology of the North American Indians (supervisor).

1997-1998, Russian Humanitarian Foundation, No. 97-01-00283, Processing materials from the excavations of the Neolithic settlement of Ilgynly-depe, South Turkmenistan (supervisor).

1997-1999, RFBR, No. 97-04-96348, Early forms of art. Encyclopedic Dictionary (performer).

Sept. 2000 - Nov. 2000. Dumbarton Oaks Library and Collections, Trustees for Harvard University, Washington D.C. (grant for work in the library).

2003-2005 , Program of Fundamental Research of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences Ethnocultural interactions in Eurasia: "The Eurasian ancestral home of the natives of America (analysis of the areal distribution of folklore and mythological motifs" (supervisor).

2004, Research grant of the St. Petersburg Science Center: Eurasian ancestral home of the natives of America. Search, systematization, analysis, interpretation of the distribution of folklore and mythological motifs within the New and Old Worlds (supervisor).

2004-2006, RFBR, No. 04-06-80238, Myths and Genes: Reconstruction of the Ancient Eurasian Plot-Motive Fund Based on Comparative Analysis of the Areal Distribution of Genetic Lines and Folklore-Mythological Motifs (supervisor).

2006-2008, Fundamental research program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences Adaptation of peoples and cultures to changes in the natural environment, social and technogenic transformations: "Ancient migrations reflected in sets of folklore and mythological motifs: origin, contacts and the natural environment as factors in the formation of regional mythologies" (supervisor).

2007-2009, RFBR, No. 07-06-00441-a, Myths and languages: linguistic kinship and linguistic boundaries as factors in the formation of regional complexes of folklore and mythological motifs (supervisor).

INTAS 05-10000008-7922 (2007-2008) : A reconstruction of prehistoric Eurasian mythological motif complexes and their most ancient distribution in connection with genetic data (artist).

2009, Russian Humanitarian Foundation, Siberia and the First Americans, No. 08-01-93212, performer.

2009, Research grant of the St. Petersburg Scientific Center: Comprehensive studies of the settlement processes of the New World (according to archeology, anthropology and folklore), performer.

2009-2011, Fundamental research program of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences Historical and cultural heritage and spiritual values ​​of Russia, "Ancient population of Siberia and human migration to the New World: an experience of interdisciplinary research (according to archeology, anthropology, ethnography, folklore and linguistics)", performer.

2011-2013, RFBR, No. 11-06-00441, Dynamics of centralization - decentralization of traditional socio-political systems of the Old and New Worlds according to archaeological, historical and ethnographic data, supervisor.

2014-2016, RFBR grant 14-06-00247. Project name: "Stages and factors of formation of folklore and mythological traditions of Western Eurasia".

2014-2016, Grant of the Russian Science Foundation No. 14-18-03384, "Stories retold for thousands of years: reconstruction of the dynamics of the global distribution of plot and figurative elements of oral narratives".

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Yuri Evgenievich Berezkin
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Yuri Evgenievich Berezkin(born December 27) - Soviet and Russian historian, archaeologist, ethnographer, specialist in comparative mythology, history and archeology of ancient Western and Central Asia, as well as the history and ethnography of Indians (especially South America); Doctor of Historical Sciences .

Biography

In 1973-1986 he worked in the Americas Department of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, in 1987-2002 - in. Since 2003 he has been working at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, head of the Americas Department.

Since 1996, he has been simultaneously teaching at the European University in St. Petersburg, professor at the Faculty of Anthropology (until 2008 - Faculty of Ethnology).

Scientific activity

In 1977 he defended his Ph.D., in 1990 - his doctoral dissertation.

Main areas of research:

  • Comparative mythology
  • Archeology of the Near and Middle East. In this area, Yu. E. Berezkin identified the main features of the socio-political evolution of the early agricultural societies of this region and discovered their closest ethnographic analogue (apatani). Thus, they discovered alternatives to chiefdoms in Neolithic Southwest Asia, non-hierarchical systems of complex acephalic communities with pronounced autonomy of small-family households.
  • History of settlement in the New World

Selected writings

  • Albedil M. F., Berezkin Yu. E. Dwellings of the peoples of the world: Little encyclopedia. : [For ml. and avg. school age]. - Kaliningrad: Yantar. skaz, 2002. - 48 p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-7406-0545-8.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Ancient Peru: New facts - new hypotheses. - M .: Knowledge, 1982. - 64 p. - (Read, comrade!). - 40,000 copies.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. The ancient history of South America and Indian mythology: (From hunter-gatherers to early farmers): Abstract of the thesis. dis. … Dr. ist. Sciences. - M ., 1990. - 50 p.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Once again about horizontal and vertical connections in the structure of medium-sized societies // Alternative ways to civilization. - M.: Logos, 2000. - S. 259-264. ISBN 5-88439-136-6
  • Beryozkin Yu. E.. - L.: Nauka, 1991. - 229 p. - (History and modernity). - 50,000 copies. - ISBN 5-02-027306-6.
  • Berezkin Yu. E. Inca Empire. - M.: Algorithm, 2014. - 255 p. - 1200 copies. - ISBN 978-5-4438-0894-9.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. . - 2001.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Myths Settling the Americas: The Areal Distribution of Folk Motifs and Early Migrations to the New World. - M .: OGI, 2007. - 358 p. - (Nation and culture / New research. Folklore / ed.: A. S. Arkhipova). - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-94282-285-9.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Myths of the Old and New Worlds: from the Old to the New World: myths of the peoples of the world. - M .: Astrel: AST, 2009. - 446 p. - (Myths of the peoples of the world). - 1500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-17-056957-1.- ISBN 978-5-271-22624-3; ISBN 978-5-17-056958-8; ISBN 978-5-271-22627-4
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Mochica: Civilization of the Indians sowing. coast of Peru in the I-VII centuries. - L.: Nauka, 1983. - 165 p. - 4850 copies.
  • Vasiliev S. A., Berezkin Yu. E., Kozintsev A. G. Siberia and the first Americans. - 2nd ed. - St. Petersburg. : Philol. fak. St. Petersburg. state un-ta: Nestor-History, 2011. - 171 p. - (“Archaeologica varia”: AV / editorial advice: S.I. Bogdanov [and others]). - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-8465-1117-0.
  • Korotayev A., Berezkin Yu., Kozmin A., Arkhipova A. Return of the White Raven: Postdiluvial Reconnaissance Motif A2234.1.1 Reconsidered // J. Amer. Folklore. - 2006. - Vol. 119. - P. 472-520.
  • Myths of the Indians of South America: Book. for adults / Comp. and trans. Yu. E. Berezkin. - St. Petersburg. : Publishing House of Europe. Houses, 1994. - 318 p. - ISBN 5-85733-022-X.
  • America and the Middle East: Forms of Sociopolitical Organization in the Pre-State Era // Bulletin of Ancient History. - 1997. - No. 2. - S. 3-24.
  • Anatomy of love: archaic and "progressive" motifs in the mythologies of the circum-Pacific region // Astrata. - SPb., 1999. - Issue. 1: Cultural studies from the history of the Ancient World and the Middle Ages: problems of femininity. - S. 159-190.
  • Areal distribution of folklore and mythological motifs // / Ed. S. Yu. Malkov and others - M .: KomKniga: URSS. - S. 205-232.
  • Chiefdoms and acephalous complex societies: archeological data and ethnographic parallels // Early forms of political organization. - M.: Oriental Studies, 1995. - S. 39-49.
  • The voice of the devil among the snows and the jungle. - L .: Lenizdat, 1987.
  • "City of Masters" on the ancient eastern periphery. The layout of the settlement and the social structure of Altyn-Depe in the 3rd millennium BC. e. // Vestn. ancient history. - 1994. - No. 3. - S. 14-27.
  • What reality is hidden in myths? // Nature . - 1998. - No. 2. - S. 48-60.
  • Legends of the Peruvian Indians (cartoon). - USSR, 1978.
  • V. M. Masson and social anthropology of the second half of the century // Interaction of ancient cultures and civilizations. - SPb., 2000. - S. 32-45.
  • Mythology of the Aborigines of America: Results of Statistical Processing of the Areal Distribution of Motifs // History and Semiotics of American Indian Cultures. - M., 2002. - S. 259-346.
  • Mythology of Latin American Indians: A Retrospective of Recent Research // American Indians: New Discoveries and Interpretations. - M.: Nauka, 1996. - S. 136-152.
  • Myths of the Indians of South America. - St. Petersburg: European House, 1994.
  • Bridge over the ocean: the settlement of the New World and the mythology of the Indians and Eskimos of America. New York: The Edwin Mellen Press, 2002.
  • On the structure of history: temporal and spatial components // / Ed. P. V. Turchin and others - M.: URSS, 2007. - S. 88-98.
  • Ideas about mushrooms among American Indians // Kunstkamera, ethnographic notebooks. - SPb., 1998. - Issue. 11. - S. 119-132.
  • Alternative models of middle range society. "Individualistic" Asia vs. "collectivistic" America? // Alternative Pathways to Early State. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, 1996. - P. 75-83.
  • Central and South American Indian Mythologies: First Results of Computer Processing // Acta Americana (Stokholm - Uppsala). - 1998. - Vol. 6, No. 1. - P. 77-102.
  • Some results of a comparative study of American and Siberian mythologies: applications for the peopling of the New World // Acta Americana (Stokholm - Uppsala). - 2002. - Vol. 10, No. 1. - P. 5-28.
online publications
  • Berezkin Yu. . FAQ: Comparative mythology. PostNauka (July 13, 2012). Retrieved October 12, 2013.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E.

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Literature

  • Borinskaya S.// Anthropological forum. - No. 5 . - pp. 445-458.

Links

  • . European University in St. Petersburg. Retrieved October 12, 2013.
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An excerpt characterizing Berezkin, Yuri Evgenievich

– Are you interested in books, Madonna Isidora?..
"Madonna" in Italy was the name given to women and girls when they were treated with respect.
My soul went cold - he knew my name ... But why? Why was I interested in this creepy person?!. My head was spinning from the intense tension. It seemed that someone was squeezing the brain with an iron vice ... And then suddenly I realized - Karaffa !!! It was he who mentally tried to break me! .. But why?
I looked straight into his eyes again - thousands of bonfires blazed in them, carrying innocent souls into the sky ...
– What books interest you, Madonna Isidora? His low voice sounded again.
"Oh, I'm sure not what you're looking for, Your Eminence," I replied calmly.
My soul ached and fluttered in fright, like a caught bird, but I knew for sure that it was impossible to show it to him. It was necessary, no matter what it cost, to keep as calm as possible and try, if possible, to get rid of him as quickly as possible. There were rumors in the city that the "crazy cardinal" stubbornly hunted down his intended victims, who later disappeared without a trace, and no one in the world knew where and how to find them, and whether they were alive at all.
- I have heard so much about your refined taste, Madonna Isidora! Venice only speaks about you! Will you do me such an honor, will you share with me your new acquisition?
Caraffa smiled ... And this smile made my blood run cold and I wanted to run wherever my eyes looked, if only I would never see this insidious, refined face again! He was a real predator by nature, and right now he was on the hunt ... I felt it with every cell of my body, every fiber of my soul frozen in horror. I have never been cowardly ... But I had heard too much about this terrible man, and I knew that nothing would stop him if he decided that he wanted to get me in his tenacious paws. He swept away any obstacles when it came to "heretics." And even the kings were afraid of him... To some extent, I even respected him...
Isidora smiled when she saw our frightened faces.
Yes, I did. But it was a different respect than what you thought. I respected his perseverance, his indestructible faith in his "good deed". He was obsessed with what he did, not like most of his followers, who just robbed, raped and enjoyed life. Caraffa never took anything and never raped anyone. Women, as such, did not exist for him at all. He was a "warrior of Christ" from beginning to end, and until his last breath ... True, he never understood that, in everything that he did on Earth, he was absolutely and completely wrong, that it was terrible and an unforgivable crime. He died like that, sincerely believing in his "good deed" ...
And now, this fanatical person in his delusion was clearly determined to get my “sinful” soul for some reason ...
While I was feverishly trying to come up with something, they unexpectedly came to my aid ... My old acquaintance, almost friend, Francesco, from whom I had just bought books, suddenly turned to me in an annoyed tone, as if losing patience from my indecision:
– Madonna Isidora, have you finally decided what suits you? My clients are waiting for me and I can't spend my whole day just for you! As much as I enjoyed it.
I stared at him in surprise, but to my happiness, I immediately caught his risky thought - he suggested that I get rid of the dangerous books that I was holding in my hands at that moment! Books were Caraffa's favorite "horse", and it was for them, most often, that the smartest people catered to the nets that this crazy inquisitor set up for them ...
I immediately left most of it on the counter, to which Francesco immediately expressed "wild displeasure." Caraffa watched. I immediately felt how much this simple, naive game amused him. He understood everything perfectly, and if he wanted to, he could calmly arrest both me and my poor risky friend. But for some reason he didn’t want to ... It seemed that he sincerely enjoyed my helplessness, like a contented cat clutching a caught mouse in a corner ...
- Permission to leave you, Your Eminence? – not even hoping for a positive answer, I cautiously asked.
– To my great regret, Madonna Isidora! exclaimed the cardinal, with feigned disappointment. "Will you allow me to visit you sometime?" They say you have a very gifted daughter? I would love to meet and talk with her. I hope she's as beautiful as her mother...
“My daughter, Anna, is only ten years old, my lord,” I replied as calmly as possible.
And my soul screamed from animal horror! .. He knew everything about me! .. Why, well, why did crazy Karaffa need me? .. Why was he interested in my little Anna ?!
Is it because I was reputed to be the famous Vidunya, and he considered me his worst enemy? .. After all, it didn’t matter to him what they called me, for the “Grand Inquisitor” I was just a witch, and he burned witches at the stake .. .
I strongly and wholeheartedly loved Life! And I, like every normal person, really wanted it to last as long as possible. After all, even the most notorious scoundrel, who may have taken the lives of others, cherishes every minute lived, every day lived of his precious life for him! .. But it was at that moment that I suddenly realized very clearly that it was he, Karaffa, and will take her away, my short and such a valuable, unlived life for me...
- A great spirit is born in a small body, Madonna Isidora. Even holy Jesus was once a child. I will be very glad to visit you! - and bowing gracefully, Caraffa left.
The world was collapsing... It crumbled into small pieces, each of which reflected a predatory, thin, intelligent face....
I tried to somehow calm down and not panic, but for some reason it did not work. This time my usual self-confidence and in my abilities let me down, and this made it even more terrible. The day was as sunny and bright as just a few minutes ago, but darkness settled in my soul. As it turned out, I had been waiting for the appearance of this man for a long time. And all my nightmarish visions about fires were only a premonition... to today's meeting with him.
Returning home, I immediately persuaded my husband to take little Anna and take her somewhere far away, where the evil tentacles of Karaffa could not get her. And she herself began to prepare for the worst, because she knew for sure that his arrival would not be long in coming. And I wasn't wrong...
A few days later, my beloved black maid Kay (at that time it was very fashionable to have black servants in rich houses) reported that "His Eminence, the Cardinal, is waiting for me in the pink drawing room." And I felt that something was going to happen right now...
I was wearing a light yellow silk dress and I knew that this color suits me very well. But if there was one single person in the world in front of whom I did not want to look attractive, then it was certainly Caraffa. But there was no time left for changing clothes, and I had to go out just like that.
He was waiting, calmly leaning back in his chair, studying some old manuscript, of which there were a myriad of in our house. I put on a pleasant smile and went down to the living room. Seeing me, Caraffa for some reason froze without uttering a word. The silence dragged on, and it seemed to me that the cardinal was about to hear my frightened heart beating treacherously loudly ... But then, finally, his enthusiastic, hoarse voice rang out:
- You are amazing, Madonna Isidora! Even this sunny morning loses next to you!
“I never thought cardinals were allowed to compliment ladies!” - with the greatest effort, continuing to smile, I squeezed out.
- Cardinals are people too, Madonna, and they know how to distinguish beauty from simplicity ... And where is your wonderful daughter? Will I be able to enjoy double beauty today?
“She is not in Venice, Your Eminence. She and her father went to Florence to visit her sick cousin.
- As far as I know, this moment there are no patients in your family. Who fell ill so suddenly, Madonna Isidora? There was an undisguised threat in his voice...
Caraffa began to play openly. And I had no choice but to meet the danger face to face ...
“What do you want from me, Your Eminence?” Wouldn't it be easier to say it directly, saving us both from this unnecessary, cheap game? We are smart enough people that, even with a difference in views, we can respect each other.
Yuri Evgenievich Berezkin
Date of Birth 27th of December(1946-12-27 ) (72 years old)
Country
Scientific sphere mythology, archeology
Place of work IIMK RAS, Kunstkamera
Alma mater LSU ()
Academic degree Doctor of Historical Sciences ()
Academic title Professor
scientific adviser V. M. Masson
Known as author of works on comparative mythology

Biography

In 1973-1986 he worked in the Americas Department of the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, in 1987-2002 - in. Since 2003 he has been working at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, head of the Americas Department.

Since 1996, he has been simultaneously teaching at the European University in St. Petersburg, professor at the Faculty of Anthropology (until 2008 - Faculty of Ethnology).

Scientific activity

In 1977 he defended his Ph.D., in 1990 - his doctoral dissertation.

Main areas of research:

  • Comparative mythology
  • Archeology of the Near and Middle East. In this area, Yu. E. Berezkin identified the main features of the socio-political evolution of the early agricultural societies of this region and discovered their closest ethnographic analogue (apatani). Thus, they discovered alternatives to chiefdoms in Neolithic Southwest Asia, non-hierarchical systems of complex acephalic communities with pronounced autonomy of small-family households.
  • History of settlement in the New World

Selected writings

  • Albedil M. F., Berezkin Yu. E. Dwellings of the peoples of the world: Little encyclopedia. : [For ml. and avg. school age]. - Kaliningrad: Yantar. skaz, 2002. - 48 p. - 5000 copies. - ISBN 5-7406-0545-8.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Ancient Peru: New facts - new hypotheses. - M.: Knowledge, 1982. - 64 p. - (Read, comrade!). - 40,000 copies.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. The ancient history of South America and Indian mythology: (From hunter-gatherers to early farmers): Abstract of the thesis. dis. … Dr. ist. Sciences. - M., 1990. - 50 p.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Once again about horizontal and vertical connections in the structure of medium-sized societies // Alternative ways to civilization. - M.: Logos, 2000. - S. 259-264. ISBN 5-88439-136-6
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. The Incas: The Historical Experience of Empire. - L.: Nauka, 1991. - 232 p. - (History and modernity). - 50,000 copies. - ISBN 5-02-027306-6.
  • Berezkin Yu. E. Inca Empire. - M.: Algorithm, 2014. - 255 p. - 1200 copies. - ISBN 978-5-4438-0894-9.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. . - 2001.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Myths Settling the Americas: The Areal Distribution of Folk Motifs and Early Migrations to the New World. - M. : OGI, 2007. - 358 p. - (Nation and culture / New research. Folklore / ed.: A. S. Arkhipova). - 1000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-94282-285-9.
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Myths of the Old and New Worlds: from the Old to the New World: myths of the peoples of the world. - M. : Astrel: AST, 2009. - 446 p. - (Myths of the peoples of the world). - 1500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-17-056957-1.- ISBN 978-5-271-22624-3; ISBN 978-5-17-056958-8; ISBN 978-5-271-22627-4
  • Beryozkin Yu. E. Mochica: Civilization of the Indians sowing. coast of Peru in the I-VII centuries. - L.: Nauka, 1983. - 165 p. - 4850 copies.
  • Vasiliev S. A., Berezkin Yu. E., Kozintsev A. G. Siberia and the First Americans. - 2nd ed. - St. Petersburg. : Philol. fak. St. Petersburg. state un-ta: Nestor-History, 2011. - 171 p. - (“Archaeologica varia”: AV / editorial advice: S.I. Bogdanov [and others]). - 500 copies. - ISBN 978-5-8465-1117-0.
  • Korotayev A., Berezkin Yu., Kozmin A., Arkhipova A. Return of the White Raven: Postdiluvial Reconnaissance Motif A2234.1.1 Reconsidered // J. Amer. Folklore. - 2006. - Vol. 119. - P. 472-520.
  • Myths of the Indians of South America: Book. for adults / Comp. and trans. Yu. E. Berezkin. - St. Petersburg. : Publishing House of Europe. Houses, 1994. - 318 p. - ISBN 5-85733-022-X.
  • America and the Middle East: Forms of Sociopolitical Organization in the Pre-State Era // Bulletin of Ancient History. - 1997. - No. 2. - S. 3-24.
  • Anatomy of love: archaic and "progressive" motifs in the mythologies of the circum-Pacific region // Astrata. - SPb., 1999. - Issue. 1: Cultural studies from the history of the Ancient World and the Middle Ages: problems of femininity. - S. 159-190.
  • Areal distribution of folklore and mythological motifs // History and Mathematics: Analysis and Modeling of Socio-Historical Processes / Ed. S. Yu. Malkov and others - M .: KomKniga: URSS. - S. 205-232.
  • Chiefdoms and acephalous complex societies: archeological data and ethnographic parallels // Early forms of political organization. - M.: Oriental Studies, 1995. - S. 39-49.
  • The voice of the devil among the snows and the jungle. - L.: Lenizdat, 1987. - 180 p.: ill. - (The mind knows the world).- 100,000 copies
  • "City of Masters" on the ancient eastern periphery. The layout of the settlement and the social structure of Altyn-Depe in the 3rd millennium BC. e. // Vestn. ancient history. - 1994. - No. 3. - S. 14-27.
  • What reality is hidden in myths? // Nature . - 1998. - No. 2. - S. 48-60.

While still at school, he became interested in archeology and the pre-Hispanic cultures of Peru. Since Peruvian archeology was not available to Soviet scientists, at the university he studied the archeology of South Turkmenistan, and after university he went to work at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, where he defended his Ph.D. thesis on one of the pre-Columbian cultures of the Central Andes. For 30 years he has collected a database of world folklore and mythology. Approaching this material approximately as an archaeological one, he became a unique specialist in comparative mythology: by studying the distribution of folklore motifs in different areas around the world and comparing these data with the data of archeology, genetics and linguistics, Yuri Berezkin reconstructs the early history of mankind. He is the author of numerous books, including Myths Settling America: The Areal Distribution of Folklore Motifs and Early Migrations to the New World (2007), From the Old to the New World: Myths of the Peoples of the World (2009), The Inca Empire (2014).