Norms

Norms of rejection of slings from steel ropes. Rules for the operation, safe operation and rejection of textile slings Metal slings service life

In accordance with the requirements of the "Intersectoral rules for labor protection during loading and unloading operations and placement of goods" POT RM-007-98 with annexes - before using lifting slings, slingers or other responsible persons are required to carefully examine them.

With continuous operation, the culling of the slings should be carried out regularly, and the results of the inspection should be recorded in a log. Engineering and technical personnel responsible for the maintenance of lifting mechanisms in working condition, including workers responsible for the proper operation of cranes, must inspect the lifting slings every 10 days. When slings are rarely used, inspection is carried out immediately before its operation (that is, issuance to slingers for work).

When inspecting textile slings, the main attention should be paid to the condition and integrity of the tape, hooks, grabs, hangers and their attachment points.

When inspecting rope slings, the main attention should be paid to the condition of the cables, the places where the cable is braided or the places where the cables are crimped with a bushing, hooks and hangers.

Chain slings slings must be checked for serviceability of all elements: chains, hooks, connecting links, etc.

Textile slings - norms and rules for rejection

The rejection of tape slings produced according to RD 24-S3K-01-01 is mandatory in the following cases:

In the absence of a tag on the sling or unreadable information about it.
If there are knots on the carrier tapes of the textile sling
In case of transverse cuts or tears on the tape of the textile sling
In the event that there are longitudinal breaks or cuts on the tape of the textile sling with a total length of more than 10% of its entire length, as well as in the presence of single cuts or breaks with a length of more than 50 mm.
In the presence of local bundles of the textile sling tape (except for the places where the edges of the tape are sealed) over a length of more than 0.5 m in total on one of the extreme or on two or more internal seams.(in case of rupture of three or more seam lines).
If there are local bundles of tapes of a textile sling at the place of sealing the edges of the tape over a length of more than 0.2 m. on one of the extreme seams or on two or more internal seams (in case of rupture of three or more lines of the seam).
In case of detachment of the edge of the tape or stitching of the tapes at the loop for a length of more than 10% of the length of the sealing of the ends of the tape.
In the presence of surface breaks in the tape threads, which are formed by rubbing the sling against the sharp edges of the load,the length of which exceeds 10% of the total length of the tape.
If the tape is damaged by exposure chemical substances(acids, alkalis, oil products) with a total value of such damages of more than 10% of the length or width of the textile sling or in the case of single damages of more than 10% of the width of the sling and more than 50mm. length.
When threads bulge out of the textile sling tape at a distance of more than 10% of the tape width and in the presence of through holes from sharp objects, the diameter of which exceeds 10% of the tape width.
In the presence of burnt holes from splashes of hot metal, the diameter of which is more than 10% of the width of the tape, as well as in the presence of more than three through holes with a distance between them of less than 10% of the width of the tape (regardless of their diameter).
If the belt is contaminated by more than 50% with oil products, resins, paints, cement or soil, the sling must be rejected immediately.
When stratifying threads on tapes of a textile sling.

If any of these signs appear, textile slings are culled, because. their subsequent operation is unsafe.

It is forbidden to repair the textile sling on your own.

On the structural elements of the textile sling (such as staples, rings, loops, pendants, links, etc.) are unacceptable:

cracks of any size - the rejection of such slings is obligatory, cracks cannot be reduced and eliminated.
surface wear or dents resulting in area reduction cross section element by 10% or more.
Deformations of the element, leading to a change in its original size by more than 3%.
Damage to fasteners and threaded connections. Rejection of slings is obligatory, according to the governing document.

You should also followservice life of textile slings

Textile slings are tested with a static load, which exceeds the carrying capacity of the sling by 1.3 times for 3 minutes. Textile sling is made in accordance with RD 24-S3K-01-01. Correct work textile sling is guaranteed when working in one shift for 1.5 months from the date of the start of its operation. The shelf life of a textile sling is 6 months from the date of its manufacture, provided proper storage and operation.

Rejection of rope slings norms and rules

Steel rope slings are not allowed to work (i.e., such rope slings must be rejected or repaired or disposed of) manufactured in accordance with GOST 25573-82 and RD-10-33-93 in the following cases:

Lack of a passport for the sling or tags with the specified information about the sling
If there are knots, kinks, creases on the cable, or when the cable is twisted.
In the event that the diameter of the cable has decreased due to wear or corrosion by 7% or more
In the event of a decrease in the diameter of the outer wires of the cable due to wear or corrosion by 40% or more, the sling is simply dangerous, the rejection of such a sling is necessary immediately
In the event of a strand break.
When extruding out the core of the rope
If the lanyard is damaged by temperature or electrical arcing
If the thimble of the sling is deformed, the culling of the sling must be carried out without delay.This stop is already dangerous.
If the wear of the thimble section exceeds 15%
If there are cracks in the crimping sleeve or if its dimensions change by more than 10%
In the absence of safety locks on hooks or other load-gripping elements of the rope sling

If any of these damages occur, the rope slings are rejected. Continued use of such a sling is dangerous.

It is forbidden to repair the rope sling on your own.

On the structural elements of the rope sling (such as links, hooks, hangers, etc.) are unacceptable:

surface wear and dents, which lead to a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the elements of the sling by 10% or more
deformations leading to a change in the dimensions of the sling element by more than 3%.
Damage to fasteners of elements and threaded connections.

You should also followservice life of rope slings

Rope slings are tested with a static load, which exceeds the carrying capacity of the sling by 1.3 times for 3 minutes.Rope slings are manufactured in accordance with GOST 25573-82 and RD-10-33-93.
The correct operation of the rope sling is guaranteed when working in one shift for 3 months for USK1 (SKP) and USK2 (SKK) slings and 6 months for branch slings and VK type slings (the time is considered from the day the rope sling was put into operation).

Rejection of chain slings - rules and regulations

Rejection of chain slings produced in accordance with PB-10-382-00 and TU 3150-001-52466920-2005,required if:

In the absence and damage of the label of the sling, as well as in the absence of a passport for the sling
If the markings on the elements of the sling are unreadable
If the difference in the lengths of the branches of the sling during the free sag is more than 15 mm - the culling of the sling is mandatory
In the event that the chain link, connecting links and hangers are extended by more than 5% of their original size
If, due to wear, the cross-sectional diameter of chain links or connecting links has decreased by more than 8%
In the absence of safety locks on the hooks or load-gripping elements of the chain sling

If any of the listed defects is detected, chain slings are rejected, further use is unsafe.

Self repair chain slings is prohibited.

On the structural elements of the chain sling (such as brackets, hooks, connecting links, etc.) are unacceptable:

cracks of any size, delamination, tears and hairlines
surface wear and dents that lead toreduction of the cross-sectional area of the elements of the sling by 10% or more
deformations leading to a change in the dimensions of the sling element by more than 5%
Damage to element fasteners and threaded connections is a clear sign that slings need to be rejected.

You should also followservice life of chain slings

Chain slings are tested with a static load that exceeds the lifting capacity of the sling by half for 3 minutes. Chain slings are produced in accordance with the requirements of PB-10-382-00 and TU 3150-001-52466920-2005.
The correct operation of the chain sling is guaranteed when working in one shift within 18 months from the date of commissioning of the sling.

It is also forbidden to use slings for lifting and belaying people.

Steel rope slings are not allowed to work (i.e., such rope slings must be rejected or repaired or disposed of) manufactured in accordance with GOST 25573-82 and RD-10-33-93 in the following cases:

Lack of a passport for the sling or tags with the specified information about the sling

· If there are knots, kinks, creases on the cable or when the cable is twisted.

In the event that the diameter of the cable has decreased due to wear or corrosion by 7% or more

In the event of a decrease in the diameter of the outer wires of the cable due to wear or corrosion by 40% or more, the sling is simply dangerous, the rejection of such a sling is necessary immediately

· In the event of a strand of rope breaking.

When squeezing out the core of the rope

If the lanyard is damaged by temperature or electrical arcing

· If the thimble of the sling is deformed, the culling of the sling must be carried out without delay. This stop is already dangerous.

If the wear of the thimble section exceeds 15%

If there are cracks on the crimping sleeve or a change in its dimensions by more than 10%

In the absence of safety locks on hooks or other load-gripping elements of the rope sling

If any of these damages occur, the rope slings are rejected. Continued use of such a sling is dangerous.

It is forbidden to repair the rope sling on your own.

On the structural elements of the rope sling (such as links, hooks, hangers, etc.) are unacceptable:

3. deformations leading to a change in the dimensions of the sling element by more than 3%.

4. Damage to the fastenings of elements and threaded connections.

You should also observe the service life of rope slings.

Rope slings are tested with a static load, which exceeds the carrying capacity of the sling by 1.3 times for 3 minutes. Rope slings are manufactured in accordance with GOST 25573-82 and RD-10-33-93.
The correct operation of the rope sling is guaranteed when working in one shift for 3 months for USK1 (SKP) and USK2 (SKK) slings and 6 months for branch slings and VK type slings (the time is considered from the day the rope sling was put into operation).

Rejection of chain slings - rules and regulations

The rejection of chain slings produced in accordance with PB-10-382-00 and TU 3150-001-52466920-2005 is mandatory if:

In the absence and damage of the label of the sling, as well as in the absence of a passport for the sling

In case of unreadable markings on the elements of the sling

If the difference in the lengths of the branches of the sling during the free sag is more than 15mm - the culling of the sling is required

In the event that the chain link, connecting links and hangers are extended by more than 5% of their original size

If, due to wear, the cross-sectional diameter of chain links or connecting links has decreased by more than 8%

In the absence of safety locks on the hooks or load-gripping elements of the chain sling

If any of the listed defects is detected, chain slings are rejected, further use is unsafe.

Self-repair of chain slings is prohibited.

On the structural elements of the chain sling (such as brackets, hooks, connecting links, etc.) are unacceptable:

1. cracks of any size, delaminations, tears and hairlines

2. surface wear and dents that lead to a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the elements of the sling by 10% or more

3. deformations leading to a change in the dimensions of the sling element by more than 5%

4. Damage to the fasteners of elements and threaded connections is a clear sign of the need to reject slings.

Manufacturing, operation, examination, design, installation and repair of lifting equipment must strictly comply with RD 012-97. Taking into account the stated requirements, the control of steel slings is carried out every ten days or monthly before operation. Regular inspection with flaw detectors is recommended. Devices help to determine the degree of wear of the slings, the presence of rust, breaks.

At each check, special attention is paid to such areas: fastening in cable connection points with any design, places of increased wear, areas for sealing the ends of the product and passing through structural elements.

There are several ways to control:

indirect. To evaluate technical condition sling, an integral technique for angular and linear deformations is used;
visual. Inspection is carried out by specialists using special equipment;
flaw detection. Devices allow to carry out ultrasonic, x-ray, magnetoscopic examination;
instrumental. It implies the use of measuring instruments that indicate the degree of wear of the wires, the cross section of the rope.

What are the criteria for rejecting steel slings

There is a wear of the cross section of the upper layer of the wire by 40%, the length of the damaged area is not taken into account.
The cross section of the steel sling decreased by 7% or more due to the effect of corrosion on its surface. It is also mandatory to reject steel slings when, as a result of rupture and internal wear, the core is damaged by 10% (if the product is low-rotating, then the sling is rejected with an indicator of 3%).
A wire break of 40% is noticeable.
The cross section increased by 7%, which is caused by a change in the size of the core under the influence of sudden temperature changes. This phenomenon is extremely dangerous.
The strength of the wires does not meet the standards of certain lifting equipment. The inspection is carried out using flaw detector.
Noticeable flattening of the rope along the length, which is caused by increased wear of the block strand.
Wave formation is observed, resembling a spiral shape along the longitudinal axis of the sling. This case is also extremely dangerous.
During a visual inspection, creases, twists, deformations, and kinks were found.

The above defects make the product less durable and reliable, so steel slings are immediately rejected.

An example of steel sling rejection

As a result of welding, the molten metal falls on the cable, which also has negative impact electricity. The rejection of the steel sling in this case occurs due to the influence of high temperature, which in turn forms burnt areas on the product, soot residues become noticeable, and a color change is observed.

In our company you can order and purchase cargo slings of all types, including galvanized version for rope slings, according to the maritime register. All cargo slings of our production have passports.

Standards and GOSTs:

cargo rope slings are regulated by GOST 25573, ISO 7531-87, TU-3150-001-59293747-03 and RD-10-33-93.
cargo chain slings are regulated by GOST 30441-97, ISO 7593, TU-3150-002-5929747-03, PB 10-382-00.
cargo textile slings on the territory of the Russian Federation are not regulated by GOST, TU and RD
for all types of slings are provided normal replacement times and marriage rules.

Sling culling - rules and regulations

Sling rejection rates are regulated by the "Intersectoral rules on labor protection during loading and unloading operations and placement of goods" POT RM-007-98 and their numerous applications. According to their requirements, before using lifting slings for lifting and moving loads, it is necessary to make a thorough inspection of them. Inspection is carried out by slingers or other responsible persons.

With constant use, culling of lines is usually carried out regularly, the results of the inspection are recorded in a log. Engineering and technical personnel responsible for the maintenance of lifting mechanisms in working condition, including workers responsible for the proper operation of cranes, must inspect the lifting slings every 10 days. In cases where the sling is rarely used and the culling of slings is not carried out systematically, the inspection is carried out immediately before its operation (that is, issuance to slingers for work).

When inspecting textile lifting slings, the main attention is drawn to the condition and integrity of the tape, hooks, grabs, hangers and their attachment points. If inspection and culling of rope slings is carried out, it is recommended to pay special attention to the condition of the ropes, the places where the rope is braided or the places where the cables are crimped with a bushing, hooks and hangers. When inspecting chain slings, it is necessary to check the condition of all its constituent elements: chains, hooks, connecting links, etc.

Rejection of textile slings - rules and regulations

The rejection of tape slings produced according to RD 24-S3K-01-01 is mandatory in the following cases:

In the absence of a tag on the sling or unreadable information about it.
If there are knots on the carrier tapes of the textile sling
In case of transverse cuts or tears on the tape of the textile sling
In the event that there are longitudinal breaks or cuts on the tape of the textile sling with a total length of more than 10% of its entire length, as well as in the presence of single cuts or breaks with a length of more than 50 mm.
In the presence of local bundles of the textile sling tape (except for the places where the edges of the tape are sealed) over a length of more than 0.5 m in total on one of the extreme or on two or more internal seams. (in case of rupture of three or more seam lines).
If there are local bundles of tapes of a textile sling at the place of sealing the edges of the tape over a length of more than 0.2 m. on one of the extreme seams or on two or more internal seams (in case of rupture of three or more lines of the seam).
In case of detachment of the edge of the tape or stitching of the tapes at the loop for a length of more than 10% of the length of the sealing of the ends of the tape.
In the presence of surface breaks in the tape threads, formed by rubbing the sling against the sharp edges of the load, the length of which exceeds 10% of the total tape length.
If the tape is damaged by exposure to chemicals (acids, alkalis, oil products) with a total value of such damages of more than 10% of the length or width of the textile sling or in case of single damages of more than 10% of the width of the sling and more than 50mm. length.
When threads bulge out of the textile sling tape at a distance of more than 10% of the tape width and in the presence of through holes from sharp objects, the diameter of which exceeds 10% of the tape width.
In the presence of burnt holes from splashes of hot metal, the diameter of which is more than 10% of the width of the tape, as well as in the presence of more than three through holes with a distance between them of less than 10% of the width of the tape (regardless of their diameter).
If the belt is contaminated by more than 50% with oil products, resins, paints, cement or soil, the sling must be rejected immediately.
When stratifying threads on tapes of a textile sling.

If any of these signs appear, textile slings are culled, because. their subsequent operation is unsafe.

It is forbidden to repair the textile sling on your own.

On the structural elements of the textile sling (such as staples, rings, loops, pendants, links, etc.) are unacceptable:

cracks of any size - the rejection of such slings is obligatory, cracks cannot be reduced and eliminated.
surface wear or dents resulting in a reduction in the cross-sectional area of the element by 10% or more.
Deformations of the element, leading to a change in its original size by more than 3%.
Damage to fasteners and threaded connections. Rejection of slings is obligatory, according to the governing document.

For prices and characteristics of such slings, see the section

Rejection of rope slings norms and rules

Full information about types and characteristics such slings are available in the section

Steel rope slings are not allowed to work (i.e., such rope slings must be rejected or repaired or disposed of) manufactured in accordance with GOST 25573-82 and RD-10-33-93 in the following cases:

Lack of a passport for the sling or tags with the specified information about the sling
If there are knots, kinks, creases on the cable, or when the cable is twisted.
In the event that the diameter of the cable has decreased due to wear or corrosion by 7% or more
In the event of a decrease in the diameter of the outer wires of the cable due to wear or corrosion by 40% or more, the sling is simply dangerous, the rejection of such a sling is necessary immediately
In the event of a strand break.
When extruding out the core of the rope
If the lanyard is damaged by temperature or electrical arcing
If the thimble of the sling is deformed, the culling of the sling must be carried out without delay. This stop is already dangerous.
If the wear of the thimble section exceeds 15%
If there are cracks in the crimping sleeve or if its dimensions change by more than 10%
In the absence of safety locks on hooks or other load-gripping elements of the rope sling

If any of these damages occur, the rope slings are rejected. Continued use of such a sling is dangerous.

It is forbidden to repair the rope sling on your own.

On the structural elements of the rope sling (such as links, hooks, hangers, etc.) are unacceptable:

deformations leading to a change in the dimensions of the sling element by more than 3%.
Damage to fasteners of elements and threaded connections.

Full characteristics and price of such slings are available in the section

Rejection of chain slings - rules and regulations

For detailed information on the characteristics and prices of such slings, see the section chain slings

The rejection of chain slings produced in accordance with PB-10-382-00 and TU 3150-001-52466920-2005 is mandatory if:

In the absence and damage of the label of the sling, as well as in the absence of a passport for the sling
If the markings on the elements of the sling are unreadable
If the difference in the lengths of the branches of the sling during the free sag is more than 15 mm - the culling of the sling is mandatory
In the event that the chain link, connecting links and hangers are extended by more than 5% of their original size
If, due to wear, the cross-sectional diameter of chain links or connecting links has decreased by more than 8%
In the absence of safety locks on the hooks or load-gripping elements of the chain sling

If any of the listed defects is detected, chain slings are rejected, further use is unsafe.

Self-repair of chain slings is prohibited.

On the structural elements of the chain sling (such as brackets, hooks, connecting links, etc.) are unacceptable:

cracks of any size, delamination, tears and hairlines
surface wear and dents, which lead to a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the elements of the sling by 10% or more
deformations leading to a change in the dimensions of the sling element by more than 5%
Damage to element fasteners and threaded connections is a clear sign that slings need to be rejected.

Detailed information about chain slings, their characteristics and prices in the chain slings section

Terms of service of slings.

They are tested with a static load, which exceeds the carrying capacity of the sling by 1.3 times for 3 minutes. Textile sling is made in accordance with RD 24-S3K-01-01. The correct operation of the textile sling is guaranteed when working in one shift for 1.5 months from the date of commencement of its operation. The shelf life of a textile sling is 6 months from the date of its manufacture, subject to proper storage and operation.

Rope slings are tested with a static load, which exceeds the carrying capacity of the sling by 1.3 times for 3 minutes. Rope slings are manufactured in accordance with GOST 25573-82 and RD-10-33-93.
The correct operation of the rope sling is guaranteed when working in one shift for 3 months for USK1 (SKP) and USK2 (SKK) slings and 6 months for branch slings and VK type slings (the time is considered from the day the rope sling was put into operation).

It is also forbidden to use slings for lifting and belaying people.

The rejection standards for steel ropes used on towers, elevators, winches, funiculars, cranes, cable cars and other lifting structures are set out in Guidance Document 012-97.

1 Rules for the control of steel ropes

RD 012-97, in accordance with which ropes are rejected, is recommended for the manufacture, operation, examination, design, installation and repair of lifting installations for all individuals, enterprises, foreign companies operating in the Russian Federation, organizations. According to this document, control is carried out:

periodically: every 10 days;
every shift: before using lifting structures.

Special inspections with the use of flaw detectors are also provided.

Such inspections are obligatory during technical examinations.

They allow you to control the loss of section, the presence of rust, possible breaks and wear of the outer and inner wires of the product. Note that all these inspections are carried out regardless of the type of lifting structure on which the rope is installed.

During inspections, increased attention is paid to the following areas of the rope:

mounts on the cab, drum, counterweight;
sections that pass through leveling, fixed and movable blocks;
internal parts, where increased wear of the structure is usually recorded;
areas for sealing the ends of the product.

indirect (in other words - deformational): it is understood that the technical condition of the product is assessed by an integral method for angular and linear deformations;
visual: inspection by a specialist who can use special means(in particular, certain optical devices);
flaw detection: devices (defectoscopes) are used for ultrasonic, x-ray and magnetoscopy;
instrumental: measuring tools are used, with the help of which such product indicators are measured as deviations from the straightness indicator, wire wear, rope cross-section.

2 Rejection of steel ropes - all its criteria

The safe use of products is determined according to the following criteria:

internal and surface wear;
the nature of the wire breaks and their total number at the specified length;
local decrease in the rope cross section (situations when a core break is noted are also taken into account);
corrosion manifestations (internal and surface);
active elongation of the residual type after running in the product;
the presence of zones of concentration of wire breaks;
rupture of strands (one or more);
changes in lay size;
the presence of deformations expressed by extrusion of strands and wires, waviness, kinks, corrosiveness, creases;
exit from the lock of the outer wires;
the presence of damage caused by an electric arc discharge, exposure to high temperature;
reduction of the internal section (transverse diameter of the wires).

The rope is immediately rejected in the following cases:

With a decrease due to wear of the cross section of the wires located outside, by a value of 40%. The length of the wear area is not taken into account.
In the case of a reduction in the cross section of the steel rope, caused by corrosion or wear (surface), by 7 or more percent in relation to the nominal diameter (even in cases where the wires do not have visible breaks). If breaks or internal wear have damaged the core of the product by 10% of its nominal size, the rope is also rejected (for low-rotation products, rejection should be carried out at a rate of 3%).
When a wire breaks (this is also understood as a situation where one wire wears out by 40%).
An increase in the section of the product by 7% (a very dangerous phenomenon, since it is caused by the swelling of the core under the influence of high humidity, and then freezing as the air temperature drops).
The loss of strength of the wires is higher than the standards allowed for each individual type of lifting equipment. This loss is determined by a decrease in the cross section of the wires (verification is carried out by the flaw detection method).
Flattening the product along the length. It is caused, as a rule, by significant wear of the block stream.
With waviness, described by an excessively high helical shape of the longitudinal axis of the rope. Of particular danger is the situation in which the directions of the lay of the steel product and the spiral coincide.
Extrusion of three or more wires, fixed on a rope length equal to its six diameters. In fact, extrusion is a delamination of a structure that occurs when high rate wire friction.
When detecting (visual analysis) creases, twisting, basket-shaped deformation, kinks. With all the voiced defects, the product loses its strength, and significantly.

3 Important standards for rejecting steel ropes of various lifting mechanisms

The elongation of a steel product by more than 5 percent of its working length is considered a rejection criterion. On ropes that are used on rubbing pulleys, the residual elongation always increases fairly quickly. This causes one of the ropes of the mechanism to slip (even when the pulley is equipped with a tensioner).

Guy ropes and load-bearing products are rejected when the initial length of the section, which is six diameters of the product, increases by 9 percent during operation. Such an indicator indicates that there are absolutely critical deformations in the rope that can cause torsion of the structure due to wire breaks (internal).

The product is immediately rejected if the thermal effect on it was recorded during the check. Signs of impact elevated temperature are the following phenomena:

the color of the rope in any section is changed;
the presence of burntness;
soot residue.

Most often, such symptoms are caused by the influence of electric current, splashes that fall on the structure during welding activities, and the ingress of molten metal onto the rope.

Products mounted on lifting units with a closed design are subject to immediate replacement, in accordance with the steel rope rejection standards, when:

visually fixed defect of the lock of the wires (external);
wear by 50 percent or more of the shaped outer wire (the amount of wear is determined by its height);
12 broken shaped outer wires over the entire length of the product or 3 over an extent equal to 30 rope diameters;
exit of at least one outer wire from the lock.

Low-rotation products, which are usually used in elevator equipment, are rejected if there are eight wire breaks with a length of the examined section of 30 diameters and four in a section of 6 diameters. Here it is worth noting separately that when attaching the elevator cabin with two steel ropes, culling is carried out for each of them. If necessary, it is allowed to change one rope, which is more worn out.