outdoor amenities

The water pump does not pump what to do. Malfunctions of pumping stations and their elimination

The main element of any autonomous water supply system is a pumping station, which, like any other technical device may occasionally fail. In order to return the pumping equipment to a working condition, you can use the services of specialized companies or do the repair of the pumping station with your own hands. However, before proceeding with the repair of such a rather complicated technical terms equipment, it is necessary to identify the reasons why the water pumping station is not functioning.

There are many reasons for malfunctions in the pumping station. They can be associated with a lack of power supply, improper water supply from a water supply source, a breakdown of the pump itself, failure of a hydraulic accumulator or elements that provide automatic control of equipment. Many of the reasons why water stations do not work or function incorrectly can be identified and eliminated at home, and repairs do not require professional skills and sophisticated equipment.

The device of pumping stations

Pumping stations, which are often called hydrophores, are actively used today to organize autonomous water supply systems. country houses and cottages, so the question of how to independently repair such equipment, if necessary, is quite relevant. Before you figure out how to repair a pumping station with your own hands, you need to understand what such stations consist of and on what principle they work.

A pumping station for equipping a domestic water supply system, which pumps liquid into the pipeline system, is installed on the surface of the earth, as close as possible to the well (as far as possible), and is powered by an electrical power supply. Main structural elements pumping stations that ensure the efficient and uninterrupted operation of such equipment in automatic mode are:

the water pump itself, which pumps water from a well or well and pushes it under pressure to the outlet pipe (to equip pumping stations, it is mainly not a submersible, but a surface pump that is used);
a water intake hose that is immersed in water to the maximum possible level;
a check valve that prevents water from the suction pipeline from getting back into the well or well;
a strainer installed in front of the check valve and purifying the water pumped from the source from particles of dirt and sand, the ingress of which into the inside of the pump can be one of the reasons for its failure;
pressure sensor installed after the pump - on the pressure line (the main task of such a sensor operating in automatic mode is to turn on the pump if the water pressure in the water supply system drops to a critical value, and turn it off when it reaches the required parameters);
water flow sensor, which is installed before the pump and does not allow it to work on Idling(when water stops flowing from a well or well, such a sensor automatically turns off the device, preventing it from overheating);
a manometer that allows you to measure the water pressure in the pipeline created by the pumping station.

Malfunctions of the pumping station, as mentioned above, can be determined by a number of reasons, the exact clarification of which will allow you to quickly and efficiently carry out repairs, returning the equipment to working condition. When diagnosing, carried out to find out the cause of the breakdown of the pumping station, it is not required to use sophisticated equipment and have professional skills. It is possible to identify most of the characteristic malfunctions of pumping stations both by external signs and with the help of devices that such equipment and the water supply system are initially equipped with.

Among the malfunctions of pumping stations, several of the most characteristic ones can be distinguished, which each user is able to identify and eliminate on their own, using the advice of specialists during repairs.

The pump runs but no water enters the system

When starting a pumping station, it may happen that the pump with which it is equipped is working, but no liquid enters the water supply. To determine why the pumping station does not pump water, it is necessary to analyze the individual parameters and operating conditions of the elements included in the equipment.

First you need to evaluate technical condition and the correct operation of the check valve, which is located on the suction pipe in the inside of the well or well. Very often, the pumping station does not pump precisely because this valve is clogged with sand and dirt: without opening, it simply does not allow water from the well to flow to the pump.
It should be checked whether there is water in that part of the pressure pipeline, which is located between the pump and the well. If there is no liquid there, then, accordingly, the device has nothing to pump. Often this situation occurs when there is a power outage and the operation of the pumping station stops. In order for the pumping station to start operating normally again, it is enough to fill this part of the pipeline with water, for which a special hole is provided in it.
It is necessary to check (with the pump disassembled) how large the output is between the inner walls of its casing and the impeller. Such development is most intensively formed in those cases when water is pumped, which contains in its composition a large amount of insoluble impurities (a kind of abrasive). If it is this reason for the lack of water in the water supply system when the pumping station is running, then the pump needs to be repaired, which consists in replacing the impeller and the device housing, or its complete replacement. In the event that you find components suitable for the model of your equipment, it is possible to repair the water pump yourself.
It is also necessary to determine whether there is water (and at what depth, if any) in the well or well itself. If there is water in the water supply source, then the problem is solved simply: just lower the supply hose or pipe to a deeper injection level. For this, the operating instructions must be observed. pumping equipment to avoid later repair.

The pumping station works jerky

A pumping station operating in automatic mode may often turn off and on, which indicates a malfunction. This nature of the operation of the pumping station, in which it is constantly turned off and on, is called jerky. This should be a signal to check (and, if necessary, repair) individual elements of the system.

If the pumping station works jerkily (it turns off, then turns on), the pressure in the air chamber of the hydraulic tank should be measured. To perform this procedure, you can use a car compressor equipped with a pressure gauge. If this parameter in the air chamber or pear for the pumping station is below normal, it must be raised using the same autocompressor. A repeated drop in pressure in the air chamber of the device indicates that a depressurization of the system has occurred, the location of which must be identified. In the event that the joints have lost their tightness, then repair of the accumulator is not required, it is enough just to replace the sealing tape in such places.

The body of the hydraulic accumulator can also lose its tightness if a crack or hole has formed in it. It is not difficult to repair the accumulator with your own hands in such a situation: to do this, it is enough to close the resulting crack or hole using the “cold welding” composition.

Why does the pumping station often turn on and off during operation? The answer to this question may also lie in damage to the accumulator membrane. In such cases, the solution to the problem is to replace the accumulator pear or such a membrane.

Replacing the membrane in the accumulator

Unscrew the flange Remove the membrane and clean the tank The new membrane must fit on the flange
We insert and straighten the membrane, install the flange. Check the nipple and pump up the pressure. Check the pressure after a while.

Repair specialists are often asked why the pumping station often turns on or why the pumping station does not turn off at the moment when the fluid pressure in the water supply system exceeds the norm. This is usually due to a breakdown or malfunction of the pressure switch. Such malfunctions can also cause the pumping station not to keep the water pressure in the pipeline. Repairing a pressure switch is a rather complicated procedure that can not always be done by hand. That is why in many cases the pressure switch of the pumping station is not repaired, simply replacing such a sensor with a new one.

Unstable pressure of the water flow coming from the pumping station

One of the fairly common situations in the operation of pumping stations is the supply of water from taps with pulsating shocks, which indicates that the water supply system is sucking in air from outside. To identify the place where air enters the pipeline, it is necessary to carefully check for tightness all the connecting elements present in the area located between the well or well and the pumping station.

If the pumping station does not build up pressure or pumps water into the pipeline in a pulsating mode, this may also indicate that the water level in the source has decreased or that a hose or pipe of the wrong diameter is used to pump water.

When choosing a hose or pipe for placement in a well or well, it should always be borne in mind that their diameter should be the smaller, the lower the suction height of water from the source.

The auto-shutdown system of the pumping station does not work

The question of why the pumping station does not turn off automatically is quite common. A pumping station operating in such a mode, which is considered an emergency, cannot be operated, it should be immediately disconnected from the power supply. Otherwise, you may encounter a quick failure of the equipment, which means that a more complex and expensive repair of the hydrophore will be required.

Why does the pumping station not turn off for a long time? The reason is incorrect operation or failure of the pressure sensor. A malfunction of this device, which operates in automatic mode, may cause the pumping station not to turn on at the moment when the pressure of the liquid flowing through it decreases in the pipeline. In most cases, this problem is solved quite simply - by adjusting the sensor to the required pressure to turn on and turn off the pump.

The pressure switch may also not work properly due to the fact that the elements of its internal structure are covered with salt deposits. In such cases, it is enough to disassemble the sensor and clean its internal parts from such deposits.

The pump station does not turn on

In most situations, the station does not turn on (and, accordingly, the pump-pump does not work) due to an open circuit, oxidation of the elements of the contact group and malfunctions in the pressure sensor. In addition, the causes of malfunctions may lie in the burnt winding of the drive motor, as well as in the failure of the starting capacitor.

With repair procedures such as repairing breaks in the electrical power circuit of the station, cleaning the contacts of the starting device and replacing the capacitor, as a rule, no problems arise. However, in order to rewind the motor, you need to know how to disassemble it and how to replace the burnt winding in it. That is why many users of pumping stations, when the drive motor burns out, simply replace it with a new one, avoiding repairs.

Often, when starting a pumping station that has not been in operation for a long time, a characteristic hum occurs, but the equipment does not start working. The reason for this situation is that the pump impeller of the pumping station simply “stuck” to the body of the device and cannot budge. In this case, it is necessary to partially disassemble the pump of the pumping station and manually move its impeller off the dead center.

How to properly install a pumping station

In order to be less likely to wonder why the pump does not pump water from the well or does not supply it correctly to the system, serious attention must be paid to the installation of the elements of the pumping station. Correct installation water supply systems with submersible pumps is no less important, since repairing a deep pump or replacing it is also an expensive procedure.

So, when installing pumping stations, you must strictly follow the following recommendations:

prevent bending and deformation of pipes used for installation;
ensure absolute tightness of all connections made in order to exclude air leakage into the system;
be sure to place a check valve and a filter element on the supply pipe;
immerse the lower end of the inlet pipe in water in a well or well for at least thirty centimeters (in this case, the distance of the end of the pipe to the bottom of the water supply source must be at least twenty centimeters);
with a significant depth of the water supply source (more than 4 m) and, if necessary, pump water over a considerable distance, increase the estimated diameter of the pipes used for installation;
use a water flow sensor and a pressure switch to equip the pumping station;

It is usually created using a pumping station. It is clear that it is better if it works without problems, but breakdowns happen from time to time. To quickly restore the water supply and save on services, you can repair the pumping station with your own hands. Most of the breakdowns can be fixed on their own - you don’t have to do anything super complicated.

The composition of the pumping station and the purpose of the parts

A pumping station is a collection of separate devices interconnected. To understand how to repair a pumping station, you need to know what it consists of, how each of the parts works. Then troubleshooting is easier. The composition of the pumping station:

Each of the parts is responsible for a certain parameter, but one type of malfunction can be caused by the failure of various devices.

The principle of operation of the pumping station

Now let's look at how all these devices work. When the system is first started, the pump pumps water into the accumulator until the pressure in it (and in the system) equals the upper threshold set on the pressure switch. While there is no water flow, the pressure is stable, the pump is off.

A faucet was opened somewhere, the water was drained, etc. For a while, water comes from the accumulator. When its quantity decreases so much that the pressure in the accumulator drops below the threshold, the pressure switch is activated and turns on the pump, which pumps water again. It turns off again, the pressure switch, when the upper threshold is reached - the shutdown threshold.

If there is a constant flow of water (a bath is taken, watering the garden / vegetable garden is turned on), the pump works for a long time: until the required pressure is created in the accumulator. This happens periodically even when all taps are open, since the pump supplies less water than flows out of all points of analysis. After the flow has stopped, the station works for some time, creating the required reserve in the gyroaccumulator, then turns off and turns on after the water flow appears again.

Problems and malfunctions of pumping stations and their correction

All pumping stations consist of the same parts and their breakdowns are mostly typical. It makes no difference whether the equipment is Grundfos, Jumbo, Alco or any other company. Diseases and their treatment are the same. The difference is how often these malfunctions occur, but their list and causes are usually identical.

The pumping station does not turn off (does not gain pressure)

Sometimes you notice that the pump has been running for a long time and will not turn off in any way. If you look at the pressure gauge, you can see that the pumping station is not gaining pressure. In this case, the repair of the pumping station is a lengthy business - you will have to sort out a large number of reasons:

If the shutdown limit of the pressure switch is much lower than the maximum pressure that the pump can create, and for some time it worked normally, but then it stopped, the reason is different. Possibly the pump the impeller worked. Immediately after the purchase, he coped, but during the operation the impeller was worn out and "now there is not enough strength." Repair of the pumping station in this case is the replacement of the pump impeller or the purchase of a new unit.

Another one possible reason —low voltage in the network. Maybe the pump is still working at this voltage, but the pressure switch is no longer working. The solution is a voltage stabilizer. These are the main reasons that the pumping station does not turn off and does not build up pressure. There are quite a few of them, so the repair of the pumping station may be delayed.

Repair of the pumping station: often included

Frequent switching on of the pump and short periods of its operation lead to rapid wear of the equipment, which is very undesirable. Therefore, the repair of the pumping station should be carried out immediately after the discovery of the "symptom". This situation occurs for the following reasons:

Now you know why the pumping station often turns on and what to do about it. By the way, there is another possible reason - pipeline leakage or some connection, so if all of the above does not apply to your case, check if the joint is leaking somewhere.

Air in water

There is always a small amount of air in the water, but when the faucet starts to “spit”, something is not working properly. There can also be several reasons:

The pump station does not turn on

The first thing to check is voltage. Pumps are very demanding on voltage, they simply do not work at low voltage. If everything is fine with the voltage, things are worse - most likely the motor is faulty. In this case, the station is carried to a service center or a new pump is installed.

If the system does not work, you need to check the electrical part

Other reasons include a plug / socket malfunction, a frayed cord, burnt / oxidized contacts at the point where the electrical cable is attached to the motor. This is something you can check and fix yourself. A more serious repair of the electrical part of the pumping station is carried out by specialists.

The motor hums but does not pump water (the impeller does not rotate)

This error may be caused low voltage in the network. Check it, if everything is normal, move on. You need to check if it's burned out. capacitor in terminal block. We take, check, change if necessary. If this is not the reason, go to the mechanical part.

First you should check if there is water in the well or well. Next, check the filter and check valve. Maybe they are clogged or defective. Clean, check the performance, lower the pipeline into place, start the pumping station again.

We check the impeller - this is already a serious repair of the pumping station

If that doesn't help, the impeller may be jammed. Then try manually turning the shaft. Sometimes, after a long period of inactivity, it "sticks" - it becomes overgrown with salts and cannot move itself. If you cannot move the blades by hand, the impeller may have jammed. Then we continue the repair of the pumping station by removing the protective cover and unlocking the impeller.

Some types of repair work

Some do-it-yourself pumping station repair steps are intuitive. For example, it is not difficult to clean a check valve or filter, but it can be difficult to replace a membrane or a pear in a hydraulic accumulator without preparation.

Replacing the "pear" of the accumulator

The first sign that the membrane is damaged is the frequent and short-term switching on of the pumping station, and the water is supplied in fits and starts: sometimes strong pressure, sometimes weak. To make sure that the diaphragm is the problem, remove the plug on the nipple. If not air comes out of it, but water, then the membrane has torn.

To start the repair, disconnect the system from the power supply, relieve pressure - open the taps and wait for the water to drain. After that, it can be turned off.

Loosen the flange at the bottom of the tank. We are waiting for the water to drain.
We unscrew all the bolts, remove the flange.
If the tank is from 100 liters or more, unscrew the membrane holder nut at the top of the tank.
We take out the membrane through the hole in the bottom of the container.
We wash the tank - it usually has a lot of rusty sediment.
The new membrane must be exactly the same as the damaged one. We insert a fitting into it, with which the upper part is attached to the body (we twist it).
We install the membrane in the accumulator tank.
If there is, install the membrane holder nut at the top. With a large tank size, you can’t reach it with your hand. You can tie the holder to the rope and so install the part in place by screwing the nut.
We tighten the neck and press it with a flange, install the bolts, successively twisting them several turns.
We connect to the system and check the work.

Replacement of the pumping station membrane is completed. It's a simple matter, but you need to know the nuances.

To use water from a well or a deep well, it is not at all necessary to raise it to the surface with your hands using a bucket. Modern submersible pumps for relatively little money allow you to get rid of "extra" labor costs and make it possible to automate the water supply of a private house. Many homeowners independently install pumping equipment, connect automation and assemble pipelines. Such events end with varying degrees of success. It often turns out that the submersible pump does not pump water, although you can hear that its motor is running. Let's try to figure out what errors lead to this, and what to do in this case.

This issue must be considered first. The autonomous water supply system, in addition to power pumping equipment, includes other important elements, each of which must work exceptionally well. Also, the pump needs energy and, in fact, water to work.

So, in order for the well to uninterruptedly supply water, four conditions must be met:

What to download: the presence of water in the required amount.
Due to what to download: high-quality power supply of equipment (voltage, frequency).
How to pump: good condition and optimal power / performance of the pump.
Why download: properly functioning pipelines with a sufficient cross section and efficient wiring components (faucets, valves, filters, mixers, etc.).

Scheme Scheme of organizing autonomous water supply of a private house from a well

How to search for a problem

A system designed not only for irrigation, but also for water supply at home has the most complex configuration. In this case, it makes sense to consider it section by section. There will be three of them:

in the well
in the ground
in home.

It is necessary to act by the method of exclusion. First, disconnect the pipe in the caisson, if water flows, then you need to look for problems in the house or in the horizontal section of the pipeline that is in the ground. If the water does not rise at all, the problem is somewhere below.

If the submersible pump is buzzing, but does not pump water, then this means that a mistake has been made somewhere:

at the stage of selection of components,
during installation,
during the period of operation.

Although more or less objective reasons are possible, for example, power surges or a critical drop in the water level in the source. Therefore, if the pump was working normally, and then problems began, it is logical to first pay attention to the changeable factors (water and electricity), and then move on to checking the operability of the equipment and wiring. When a new, only assembled system does not start, problems can be anywhere.

A working pump does not pump water: possible malfunctions

Next, we will consider common problems, we will give recommendations on how to diagnose and fix it, if it is possible to do it at home. The list will be numbered, but this does not refer to the search order or the "popularity" of the issues. Sometimes users make several mistakes at once, and often in this "bouquet" some of them are secondary - a consequence of those made earlier and not eliminated in time.

No. 1. Drop in water level in a well or well

The water flows for a while, then the flow is interrupted. The pump (e.g. vibrating) can continue to work, units with built-in thermostat or float switch off. In the presence of protection against dry running, it works. This problem is mainly observed in summer, when aquifers are depleted (a lot of water in the private sector is spent on irrigating cultivated areas, low rainfall). Also, troubles await the owners if mistakes are made during drilling and well construction or its flow rate is incorrectly determined.

Dynamic level may change during the season

In order to avoid pump failure, it is necessary to use protection against dry running. Drilling a well for water should be ordered from a contractor with a good reputation and all permits, which complies with all the nuances of the technology, provides a real guarantee and issues a passport to the user for the well. When choosing a drilling depth, listen to the advice of professionals. If the well is old, it may need to be cleaned.

In this case, the pump indicator is considered, indicated in the passport as l./min. (m 3 / h). Sometimes it turns out that the water is pumped out too quickly, and casing fails to fill up. As a result, we have the same “dry run” as in the first paragraph, the “symptoms” will be similar. This usually happens when a large number of points of analysis are turned on at the same time, or “massive” watering of the garden is carried out through pipes / hoses of large diameter.

The performance of pumping equipment should be accurately selected, which should correspond to the performance of the well. The power reserve, if allowed, is small. It is also important how much water can be consumed at the facility at a time or per hour. If the flow rate of the source is small, then sometimes the problem is solved by a competent organization of water analysis - do not turn on all the taps at once.

No. 3. The pressure of the pump is not enough to raise the water and pump it into the house

The pressure characteristic reflects the ability of the equipment to transport water to a certain height at rated performance. In other words, if you have a well 50 meters deep, then a device whose passport indicates a total head of 30 meters simply will not squeeze water to the surface. At the same time, you will hear the sound of the motor until the thermal relay turns off the power.

The graph shows the relationship between pump performance and water head

Important! The horizontal section must also be taken into account. It is usually proposed to equate 10 meters of horizontal pipe to 1 meter of vertical. But if the pipeline has increased performance local resistance(many elbows, taps, tees, filters, etc.), it is better to count in a ratio of 5:1.

No. 4. Mains voltage drop

For most pumps, voltage fluctuations become critical. If the drawdown in the network is below 200 volts, then, as a rule, the submersible pump does not turn on at all or starts to work, but the pressure drops sharply, up to a complete stop of water movement (lack of performance) when the motor is running.

You can find the problem measuring instruments. You can also temporarily connect the pump to the generator - if the water has gone, then the snag is in the power supply. It will be possible to obtain a stable voltage using a stabilizer or an autotransformer.

No. 5. Clogged pipeline, shut-off and control valves, filter on the pump

Similar troubles are observed during the start-up, for example, after assembly new system or after maintenance already in operation. During installation, dirt or foreign particles (linen, scraps of fum tape, etc.) can get into the pipes, which clog filters, cartridges and mixer meshes. It is recommended to be careful when laying pipelines, installing fittings and piping equipment.

Cleanliness is the key to the flawless operation of automated plumbing

If there is a lot of debris, sand, silt in the well, the mesh and impellers of the injection unit are clogged, the submersible pump is buzzing, but does not pump. The only way to fix the problem is to lift the pump to the surface and flush. It is necessary to temporarily let the device work in a container without a check valve and a connected pipe (“through itself”).

Important! Listen to the pump, for almost any problem with the water supply to the top, the sound of the motor changes - usually it becomes quieter.

No. 6. Pipe disconnected from pump or damaged

In this situation, bubbling sounds are heard from the water source. The problem occurs when the pump is working and turned on, but the duct is blocked. Sometimes this happens if the connection is not made correctly (the clamp on the hose is loosely tightened or the HDPE pipe is not fully inserted into the fitting). A common mistake is hanging the pump incorrectly when the cable/cord is loose and all the weight is on the pipe. Pipe ruptures are possible only due to marriage or mechanical damage.

It makes sense to check the quality of the pipe itself and the connection to the pump on the surface. To do this, you can perform a test pumping of water from the tank, including with a short-term artificial blocking of the flow.

No. 7. The pump is out of order

If you hear the sound of the engine, and all the "search activities" did not give a result, perhaps something happened to the injection unit, or rather, to its mechanical part. For example, at centrifugal pumps plastic impellers on the shaft may begin to scroll, in vibrating devices the piston becomes unusable, the stem breaks, etc. In most cases, this is a consequence of operation with the problems listed above, or the solid life of the pump makes itself felt. The way out is to lift, test on the surface, disassemble (preferably in a service center).

Drawing conclusions

In winter, water in some section of the pipe can freeze and block the duct. Sometimes everything is tritely simple - they forgot to open some kind of shut-off valve. Of course, it is impossible to discuss all possible breakdowns and errors, but these are the main ones to start with. In any case, the main thing is to choose the right components of the system and carefully assemble it. The manufacturers of pumps and other equipment used should be followed, and troubleshooting should begin as soon as something goes wrong.

Video: choosing a submersible pump

The pump for bottled water does not pump, there is a video.

There are a lot of types of water pumps: they can be both manual and electric, for 5 liter bottles and 19. In the event of a breakdown, it will not be difficult to repair a water pump if you know the principle of its operation.

A manual water pump (Pump) is tightly put on the neck of the bottle, when the button is pressed with a plastic corrugation, it pumps air into the container, increasing the air pressure in the bottle and thereby causing the liquid to rise up the tubes.

What to do if the pump stops pumping water? The only reason that the water pump stopped working is the loss of tightness.

Where to look for damage and how.

The first thing to do is to disassemble the pump, the disassembled pump is shown in the picture above.
Inspect the parts for damage, special attention should be paid to the plastic corrugation, as it is usually made from the most common polyethylene.
Check if the valve petals are in place; with their help, air remains in the bottle when the corrugation is unclenched after pressing the button.

If the valve is torn out, it must be put in place, the valves pop out due to a sharp effort when the water supply button is pressed.

4. If this did not help, check how the pump sits on the neck of the bottle, and whether the sealing ring is in its place. There should be no air leakage where the pump is put on the bottle. Sometimes, while removing the pump from the bottle, do not loosen the clamp (holder) that holds the pump on the neck, and this leads to rubber seal from place

Such damage is hard to see with the naked eye. You can pull the edge of the seal, if it comes out freely, it must be put in place and, depending on the model, fixed. To do this, you need to disassemble the holder and put the seal where it is attached.

Watch the video why the water pump does not pump and how to fix it.

The pump for bottled water does not pump, there is a video.

What to do if the pump stops pumping water? The only reason that the water pump stopped working is the loss of tightness.

Where to look for damage and how.

The first thing to do is to disassemble the pump, the disassembled pump is shown in the picture above.
Inspect the parts for damage, special attention should be paid to the plastic corrugation, as it is usually made from the most common polyethylene.
Check if the valve petals are in place; with their help, air remains in the bottle when the corrugation is unclenched after pressing the button.

If the valve is torn out, it must be put in place, the valves pop out due to a sharp effort when the water supply button is pressed.

4. If this did not help, check how the pump sits on the neck of the bottle, and whether the sealing ring is in its place. There should be no air leakage where the pump is put on the bottle. Sometimes, when removing the pump from the bottle, they do not loosen the clamp (holder) that holds the pump on the neck, and this leads to the rubber seal coming off