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It's called fabric painting. Techniques of free painting on fabric with acrylic and other paints and stencil drawing

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How to add personality to a typical home interior? What will become a distinctive detail of your own image? Only a detail made in a single copy. There are several ways to paint on fabric, which will turn a simple scarf into a designer item.

It is worth starting work by studying the features of dyeing fabric in various ways. For drawing a picture on a canvas, there are several time-tested techniques:

. A layer of molten wax is applied along the contour of the drawing, which will not allow the colors to mix. Cover the material with a brush of multi-colored paint. If it is necessary to obtain a monochromatic coloring with a fantasy ornament, the entire product is completely immersed in the dye;

marble painting or marbling. Characteristic stains are obtained due to the spreading of the dye over the surface of the water into which the matter is lowered;

artistic painting. This technique is used to obtain unique designs on silk. To separate paints of different colors, a special reserve composition is used after applying each tone.

There is a way to get a pattern on the fabric not by dyeing, but by removing excess paint. Special compounds can be used to make part of the pattern transparent. Or vice versa, a photosensitive solution is applied through a stencil and when sunlight hits such areas, they become brighter.

Features of working with dyes

The problem of painting on fabric is the uncontrollability of the spreading of paint on matter. To stop this process, reserve compositions, wax, stopping primers are used.

Wax for separating colors in a pattern on fabric has been used for hundreds of years in the batik technique. It can be applied along the contour of the drawing or a special stamp is made from it. The chemical industry produces modern reserve compounds that act in the same way as wax. Under such compositions, the fabric remains undyed.

It should be remembered that the more liquid the dye, the more it will spread. Many paints can be artificially thickened with a synthetic additive. The use of paints of different densities allows you to get soft transitions, shades, watercolor painting.

The choice of fabric for painting

The material is selected depending on the purpose of the product and the chosen staining technique. There are several rules, the implementation of which will allow you to get a truly unique thing:

a fabric with a uniform composition is selected. In this case, the staining will be at any point of the product of the same intensity;
hot wax will not damage plant fibers, viscose. The most suitable for working in the "hot batik" technique are cotton, linen, woolen fabrics;
the reserve composition must penetrate through the fabric through and through. This property is possessed by,, fine wool;
acrylic paints can be used to paint not only fabrics, but also leather;
if a clear distinction between colors is not expected, a material that absorbs moisture well is selected. In this case, the paint spreads quickly, and when mixing colors, soft, original transitions are obtained.

In order not to make a mistake in choosing a fabric, they take a small flap and make a trial drawing.

In order to get an original thing, it is not necessary to master the complex nuances of painting on fabric. You can simply tie a few knots on a piece of cloth and boil it in the dye.

The order of tying knots allows you to get any pattern from circular divorces. If you tie an object with a square, triangular or other geometric shape, a more complex ornament is formed.

It is easy to get an unusual pattern using the "shibori" technique. It is also called "origami for fabric". Before painting, the material is folded in a certain way so that each bend defines the outline of the pattern.

It is very convenient to use a stencil for drawing the outline of the future ornament with gold, silver, black / white paint. After it dries, the gaps are filled with the necessary colors. In this case, the colors do not mix due to the contour.

For real painters

Anyone who knows how to draw should try their hand at free painting. This technique does not involve clear contours of the same color. To slow down the spreading of the coloring matter, priming the material is used.

If the primer is not used, paint can be applied to a damp cloth in wide stripes with a broach from a light tone to a dark one. Then, with large strokes, complete the basis of the drawing. To detail the future picture, small strokes are used. Special effects are obtained in several ways:

if you blow on a drop of paint through a thin tube (for example, a cocktail tube), it spreads. With certain skills, specific images are obtained;
adding alcohol to the dye, allows you to speed up its drying. This changes the speed of spreading, mixing colors;
salt has good moisture absorption. When applying a mudflow pattern to an already painted thing, an unusual texture of the image is obtained.

What else…

The most convenient to use. They are easy to use and affordable.

After finishing work, perform a number of mandatory actions with the finished product:

drying of matter up to 3 days;
washing in cold and hot water;
hand wash with soap;
silk is placed for 10 minutes in an acetic solution. To prepare a solution, 2 tablespoons of vinegar are diluted in a liter of water;
cotton, linen, it is necessary to boil for no more than 5 minutes with washing powder;
wet ironing from the wrong side, and then from the front side.

The pattern is chosen depending on your own taste. You can come up with it yourself, purchase it in a specialized store or find it on the World Wide Web.

In art, textile coloring is a whole branch of creative activity in creating paintings, wardrobe design elements and combines several methods of applying paint. In this article, we will consider painting on batik fabric for beginners.

Batik originated in Indonesia and the technique of making colored fabrics with patterns exists to this day. Many features of the drawing are more similar to the methods of traditional dyeing of silk and cotton in Japan and India. Some differ in their tools, set of materials and staining technology.

Nowadays, dyeing fabrics at home is a common hobby, and craftsmen paint textiles for artistic satisfaction. Also, the batik technique is used to restore hopelessly soiled clothes or even to obtain exclusive scarves, T-shirts, dresses, and so on.

hot batik

Artistic painting with the help of a reserve substance - molten wax. Such a substance makes drawings on fabric using a special chanting tool, a copper reservoir on the handle, into which boiled liquid wax is placed, and at the end of the reservoir has a thin nozzle, from which the patterns are actually drawn. A glass tube is used for the petrol reserve agent. In this way, the fabric is dipped into textile dye, it can be aniline dye powders, which are diluted with water or applied with a brush, and the painted areas will remain untouched.

On the dried paint, you can continue to apply the product and paint with another layer; in production, wax is applied with stamps, which makes it possible to make a repeating small lace.

Wax, when no longer needed in work, is evaporated with an iron and paper towels or newsprint.

cold way

Hand painting in cold coloring with the use of reserve substances based on gasoline or acrylic outline on fabric is widely used in silk painting. With the help of this technique, elegant paintings are created or often used in the dyeing of scarves.

In silk painting, aniline dyes are more often used, since their structure is very light, and in cotton painting, acrylic paints can be used, which create a film. In any case, there are all kinds of fabric paints on sale, and the instructions always indicate what types of textiles they are designed for, as well as how the paint should be fixed.

Consider a visual master class on painting silk with paints. In this example, a stole is painted on a marine theme.

The work is done with aniline dyes using salt secretion. You will learn about it at the end of the work.

For a full-fledged tippet, we need the following materials and tools:

Sketch drawing on paper;
A piece of natural silk measuring 150*50cm;
Reserving composition of black color;
Aniline dyes for batik;
brushes;
Glass tube for reserve;
Salt;
Stretcher made of wooden sticks;
Buttons.

First of all, we tightly pull the wet fabric onto the frame using the buttons. We fill the reserve liquid with a syringe until the ball is filled. We apply the contour with a reserve already on a dry canvas, placing a drawing template under the bottom.

The composition lines must be closed so that the paint does not run out of the borders through the cracks. And she will do it very quickly and irrevocably, if we leave her a move.

The lines should dry out a little, now we take the brushes and begin to conjure over the colors. We fill the cavities. Skills from childhood, when we painted coloring pages, will come in handy, only the reserving contour will not allow the paint to spread.

Several methods of artistic painting on fabric, also applicable in this work:

Paints can be diluted with water and mixed for specific shades and color saturation;
Inside the "islands" it is allowed to use several colors for a smooth overflow of color;
Drip the saline solution onto the background of the scarf to make beautiful water drops.

Consolidation of the result. Aniline dyes at the end of the work need to be steamed. But before that, wait a day, then remove the work from the frame, wrap it in newsprint or tracing paper, hang it in some kind of large container, bucket or pan. Tie a bundle to a stick longer than the diameter of the container, pour a small amount of water, cover it all with a thick towel. Closing with a cloth is also important so that condensation does not drip into the lids of the product, since moisture should not get on the painted silk.

It takes about 40 minutes to an hour and a half to evaporate the work. Then you will need to iron the fabric with an iron and wash it with soap at a water temperature of up to 40 degrees.

Batik is an artistic art, but its application is very wide, starting from the individual creation of things with your own hands. Modern clothing designers use hand-painted fabrics in pursuit of the exclusivity of their collections. Photo for inspiration:

Video on the topic of the article

Now painting on fabric has become a popular hobby. This is a real art, thanks to which you can give clothes, shoes, textiles and other products originality and beauty. It is best to make drawings with acrylic paints - they are of the highest quality and allow you to get the perfect result. There are different painting techniques that needlewomen should familiarize themselves with.

Properties and features of acrylic dyes

Acrylic for drawing is one of the types, a polymer composition that does not penetrate the fibers, but covers them from the outside. Acrylic colors are available in a rich range of colors, easy to mix with each other, allowing you to get unique shades. Since such staining is not afraid of moisture, it can even be done on jackets, raincoats, raincoats, not to mention jeans, scarves, bags, T-shirts. Hand painting with acrylic looks great on tablecloths, panels. It is not recommended to draw at home on these types of things:

underwear - there is a risk of allergies;
bed linen - due to frequent washing, it quickly sheds;
dry-cleaned products - due to possible damage to the pattern;
things for young children attending kindergarten - there is a high risk of allergies in babies.

Acrylic is ideal for beginners. Finished canvases dry quickly, and the price of paints is low - there is an opportunity to experiment. Other properties of acrylic dyes are as follows:

there are no harmful chemicals in the composition - there are vegetable or artificial resins, pigments, water, plasticizers, binders for uniform consistency;
in texture, the paint resembles tempera, which is used to paint icons, but dries much faster and creates a protective film on the surface (the latter is so strong that things can be washed in a washing machine, rolled up, and stored for a long time);
after applying paint to the fabric, its fibers become denser, but this area of \u200b\u200bthe matter loses its elasticity;
over time, the quality of acrylic deteriorates, so paints should only be used during their normal shelf life.

Acrylic colors are diluted with water, but experts prefer the use of special solvents. Such substances help to make the images glossy, and with the introduction of water, the picture will become matte. To fix the paints, it is better to use dry heat - to walk over the fabric with an iron. You can buy colors in art stores, there is also additional equipment (brushes, palettes, templates, stencils).

Suitable fabric

Do-it-yourself coloring is easy. It is important to choose a fabric suitable for this so that it matches the type of dye. The choice of matter also depends on the technique of painting things. So, hot batik involves the use of natural fabrics - cotton, linen, wool, viscose, denim. This method allows you to dye only such fibers, and artificial ones will remain in their original color. Therefore, mixed materials are not recommended.

"Silk" marking on paint

If there is such a designation on the color scheme, then there is no increase in the stiffness of the fabric, therefore the product is suitable even for thin matter. You can use similar dyes for silk, chiffon, cambric. Most of the fabrics listed respond well to the cold batik technique.

Textile pointer on paint

Such colors are suitable for hard, dense fabrics - suede, leather, furniture fabrics. For dark textiles, you should choose dyes with an appropriate mark.

Types of painting with acrylic paints

Only a clean cloth or thing should be dyed, therefore, before starting work, it is washed, then thoroughly dried and ironed. In some painting techniques, it is required to stretch the material on a special frame (for needlewomen it is called a hoop), although you can make any convenient device yourself. The fabric for work is laid out in a well-lit place, while the dyeing area should be in the center.

hot batik

For hot coloring, natural dyes used to be used - Indian henna, tea, turmeric and even potassium permanganate, but now there are many more resistant, high-quality colors on sale. For hot batik, melted wax is used, which allows you to get structured images with different combinations of shades.

The meaning of the technique is that after removing it, a lighter or darker pattern remains under the wax, or even a white picture. To apply wax, chanting is used - a tool that applies original wax patterns. It looks like a small vessel with several spouts and a handle.

For hot batik, you should first prepare the wax mixture. It is sold ready-made or made by hand from pine resin, paraffin, beeswax, fat, dammar resin. Beginners are advised to first try melted wax from a regular candle on the fabric to practice.

The order of work is as follows:

prepare a drawing project - draw a picture on paper or print it on a printer;
transfer the drawing to the fabric in any convenient way (dot technique, through tracing paper, carbon paper, etc.);
grease the places of the drawing that should be left unpainted with hot wax, let it dry completely (the stain should be transparent and dark, but not white and matte);
pour the fabric with a dye solution, hold for the right time;
remove wax;
if necessary, cover the already painted areas with new wax, and paint the light spot with a different color;
repeat the cycle until the desired combinations are obtained (up to black).

You need to remove the wax with paper and an iron, heating the cloth and carefully separating the substance. This technique is time-consuming, so it is better to first look at the master class on the Internet.

The difference between this technique and the “hot” technique is that instead of wax, a special substance is used that does not allow color to pass through. The second name of cold batik is reservation, and the compositions are called reserve.

First, the drawing is circled with this substance, then other parts of the fabric are painted over with paint. The outlines keep the ink from flowing onto the image. After complete drying of the matter, the reserve composition is removed. As a result, contrast (vital) staining is provided. The easiest way is to tint products using this technique using ready-made stencils.

Knotted batik

You can also paint the fabric using the nodular technique, as a result, unexpected effects and original patterns are obtained. They are formed due to small nodules that are unevenly stained. Novice needlewomen and artists are encouraged to use this type of batik. Dresses, tablecloths, napkins, T-shirts are especially successful.

The order of work is this:

make a free painting on the background (if required);
dry the thing, lay out the pebbles on it, tie them with threads into knots (according to the idea);
twist the entire fabric tightly on 2 sides, fold in 2-3 layers, tie again with threads;
lower into a container with paint, hold for the right time;
take out, dry the product.

Shibori technique

This method is a kind of nodular batik. The only difference is that the fabric is folded in a certain way, reminiscent of origami. Also, the technique involves the use of additional effects - sprinkling salt, spraying alcohol.

free painting

The technique resembles the usual painting of fabric with watercolor or gouache. On matter, as a result, you can get a real picture or individual drawings, details. Here the talent of the artist is fully manifested, because it will not work to make a painting according to the template. To prevent the paint from flowing, the fabric is pre-soaked in a saline solution for 2-3 hours. For successful prescribing of shades, the use of reserving compositions is allowed. If they are not there, it is better to pre-prime the fabric:

mix equally gelatin, PVA, starch;
apply to the fabric with a brush;
dry, but not completely;
start work.

A variety of free painting is raw painting. It gives the effect of flowing from one color to another, gives a feeling of airiness. Drawing is performed on wet fabric without the use of stencil technique (without templates). You can not only make brush strokes, but also blow the paint through a straw for a cocktail, then giving the drops the desired shape.

Painting with an airbrush

For this method of staining, you will need a device for spraying paint - an airbrush. By changing the angle of application, you can get a variety of shades. To use airbrushing, you need to have certain artistic skills.

The history of the emergence of batik technology

Batik is hundreds of years old. Over time, the technique became more complicated, improved and had its own characteristics in different countries. Indonesia is considered the birthplace of batik, but the first description of the method was made in Holland in the 17th century. Very ancient fabric samples were found in Egypt - they were made around the 5th century. Batik in ancient times was common in Japan, China and other Asian countries, and in the Middle Ages it became incredibly popular with European artists.

Prints with acrylic paints - execution

The most reliable method of creating an original thing is staining with acrylic colors. You can apply a variety of methods of applying paints.

Copying a design from paper

In this case, you do not need to be an artist to create masterpieces. It is enough to be careful to clearly outline the pattern on the fabric. It is printed on a printer, making the contours bold, dark (otherwise they will not be visible through the fabric). Next, the thing is stretched onto cardboard or a sheet of plywood, an embossed pattern is placed between the layers, fixed with pins, the drawing is circled with a simple pencil or a special marker for matter. After that, you can start drawing the image with paints.

Drawing on fabric by hand

If you have artistic abilities and imagination, you can make a drawing without a template, manually. Professionals work directly with paints, it is better for a beginner to first draw the outlines with a simple pencil. This method is especially good if some lightness, negligence in the picture is expected.

Stencil application

Stencils are sold in specialized stores in large quantities. It is very convenient to use this technique if you need to repeatedly copy the same drawing (team uniform, napkins, etc.). The stencil is applied to the fabric, fixed with pins, paper clips and outlined with paints.

Screen printing

It is used to create complex drawings, multi-color images. The method involves the use of special ink and screen printing nets, a roller and other tools will also be required. It is better to give the product to the workshop, where all the work will be done efficiently.

In order for fabric-based painting to be “excellent”, you should follow a number of important tips and recommendations:

purchase only high-quality paints in specialized stores (too cheap colors can be fake);
pay attention to the expiration date - it should be normal;
get acquainted with the composition of paints - if they are good, they do not contain toxic components, heavy metals, there is no unpleasant odor;
before painting a large canvas, do a color test on a small area, evaluate the work after the paint has completely dried;
for work, use brushes with synthetic bristles, rollers, sponges;
apply each new layer after the previous one has dried;
after a day, fix the pattern with an iron - iron it for at least 5 minutes;
high-quality products do not blur on matter, resistant, do not collapse from water after solidification.

For washing use only non-aggressive surfactants and water with temperatures up to 35-40 degrees. It is strictly forbidden to use bleaches that destroy the paint. It is better to wash small items by hand, do not wring them out, do not twist them, but carefully hang them on the back of a chair to dry.

Large items are washed in the machine, including the delicate mode. Subject to these simple rules, clothes or other products will last a long time without loss of color and quality.

The word "batik" means "wax painting". Technology as we know it has its roots in Indonesian culture. It was on the island of Java that she experienced her heyday. It could take months to create one canvas. Painting was labor-intensive and costly, so things painted using the batik technique were the subject of the aristocracy. In Indonesia, painted fabrics are still highly valued, but now the craft of the island of Java has become public property and things made using the batik technique are popular all over the world.

@chernysheva_art
@alevtina_exclusive

What is batik

Batik can be called both a craft and an art at the same time. This is a special technique of drawing on fabric using reserve compositions. A plain fabric is stretched over a wooden frame and signed according to a pre-prepared pattern. This is a rather delicate and painstaking work, although it is not necessary to be an artist to master this skill.

@artflat777
@hotbatik

Varieties of batik

Hot

The hot batik technique is usually used for coarse fabrics. The reserve composition in this case consists of wax or paraffin and is applied to the fabric in hot form, after the pattern is ready, the reserve composition is removed. Hot batik involves multi-layered painting of the fabric, so the images are more blurry and there are no clearly drawn borders.

@chegolanna
@pavel_gubanov84

Cold

Cold batik is the most common way of painting silk. Unlike hot, the reserve structure does not heat up before drawing. Before painting begins, the borders of the drawing are outlined with a reserve composition, which can be bought at an art store. This technique is considered the most suitable for beginners and is somewhat reminiscent of children's coloring. For painting fabrics in cold technique, much less materials and additional devices are required.

@golandart(1,2)

Batik in the interior

Painted fabric is often used in home interiors. Unusual and interesting patterns, funny drawings or full-fledged paintings will give freshness to any apartment. In the batik technique, bedspreads or bed linen are also often painted.

@razinabatik
@dream_bq

Batik in the wardrobe

This technique can be used not only for decorating your apartment. In addition to panels or bedspreads, you can paint stoles and other wardrobe items. Silk blouses with unusual ornaments or even children's T-shirts with simple patterns are very popular.

@kovtun.silk
@olga_laurus

Learning the technique of cold batik

Since this technique is best suited to start painting, we will focus on cold batik.

What you need

Almost all materials for batik can be easily purchased at an art store.

@ya_hudozhnyk_if

Textile. Traditionally, natural fabrics are used for cold batik, because special dyes do not adhere well to artificial materials. Silk is best.
Frame. The ideal option would be a sliding one, since it is more convenient to fit such a frame to the dimensions of the canvas.
Brushes. It is better to pick up brushes for batik in an art store. There you can tell which tool is best suited.

Paints. Batik paints can also be found in the art store. For starters, you can get by with the simplest sets.
Reserve. You can either prepare a reserve yourself or buy a ready-made one.
Tubes for applying a reserve. Tubes can be bought at a specialized store. But often the reserve is sold in a container with an elongated spout, many craftsmen immediately apply it to the fabric
Paper drawing. Before you start, decide what image you will apply to the fabric, make a paper sketch in the size of your canvas
Thumbtacks to secure the fabric to the frame

What you need to know

Before proceeding to the study of technology in practice, you first need to learn a few important nuances of painting on fabric.

The fabric should be tightly fixed on the frame. If the canvas moves or ripples, the outline will fail and the paint may bleed.
Before starting to fill the contour, it is worth trying the material on a piece of fabric
Before you start painting, you need to check the outline for integrity and make sure it is closed. To do this, gently blot the area with a sponge dampened with water and a drop of shampoo. If water does not flow out, then the contour is applied well
Contour lines should not be too thick

How to make batik

Fabric preparation

Before work, you need to thoroughly rinse the fabric in warm water and get rid of chemical processing substances.

Prepare the frame

While the fabric is drying, prepare the frame for work. Cover the frame with masking tape before stretching the canvas.

Beginning of work

After the fabric is completely dry, stretch the canvas over the frame and secure it with push pins. To pull the fabric tight, first secure it with four buttons, one on each side. Next, you can fix the fabric throughout the frame.

Draw a sketch on the fabric

Place a pre-prepared pattern under the fabric and transfer it with a simple soft pencil to the fabric as if using a stencil.

@shelkovica_silk

Apply reserve

Carefully apply the reserve along the outline of your sketch. To do this, dial the reserve into a special glass tube and smoothly guide it along the contour of the picture. It is important to ensure that the line is not interrupted. Draw with a special tool or buy a reserve with an applicator, it's up to you.

@shelkovica_silk
@ekaterina_ilmenskaya

Apply paint

After the reserve has dried up, you can start applying paint. To make the paint easier to lay down, you can moisten the area with water.

@shelkovica_silk
@rt_alter_ego

Shutdown

Now that the paint has dried, you need to remove the product from the frame and carefully iron it on the reverse side with an iron at a temperature suitable for the fabric. After that, leave the product for about a day and manually wash it in soapy water. It remains only to process the edges of the canvas and the work is finished.

For a better understanding of the technique, we have selected several master classes for you.

Master Class. Cold batik:

Cold batik. Canvas painting:

Having mastered cold batik, you can not be limited only to drawing on canvases. You can paint your own dresses or blouses.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

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fabric acrylic paint batik

Fabric painting is an ancient art that came to Europe from Indonesia. The earliest information about the coloring of fabrics dates back to the 1st century AD. This art was especially developed in China and Japan. When the British occupied Java in 1811, they decided to distribute English cotton calico throughout the South Asian region, but ran into an insurmountable obstacle, which was the quality of the dyeing of local batik. It was much higher than European, vegetable dyes did not fade when washed, as happened with chintz dyed with aniline. So the local tradition strengthened its position, and perhaps this factor influenced the further popularity of this art form in Europe.

Since the beginning of the 20th century, interest in the East and its peculiar culture has led to a powerful wave of interest in painting on fabric. Exotic motifs, mysterious ornaments, interesting color schemes, ethnic flavor - all this began to attract the attention of professional artists and designers of fabrics and clothes.

Modern fabric painting techniques are very diverse. For myself, I decided to master one of the most traditional types of artistic painting with acrylic paints. Why acrylic? A very significant moment influenced my choice, the pattern will be applied to a piece of clothing, namely a synthetic T-shirt. Since this is a product for everyday use, it will be subject to washing, namely, acrylic withstands exposure to temperature and water.

There are various drawing motifs. The theme of painting for my product is the stylization of the image of an animal, namely a cat.

Scientific research part

Hand-painted art fabrics - a kind of design of textiles, rooted in antiquity. The first mention of obtaining colored decorative effects on fabrics is already found in Pliny's Natural History. The most famous are the methods of painting fabrics using various reserving compositions. The essence of these methods lies in the fact that the areas of the fabric that are not subject to dyeing are covered with various resins or beeswax, the latter, being absorbed into the fabric, protect it from the effects of paint. The fabric prepared in this way is dipped into the paint, then the reserve composition (reserve) is removed and as a result a white pattern is obtained on a painted background. This method of decorating fabrics was known in Rus', in Armenia, Azerbaijan; in Indonesia it still exists.

In addition to this method of drawing a pattern on fabric, printed patterns on fabrics have also been known from time immemorial, obtained using carved boards, and now mesh patterns - the so-called heels (from the word “stuff”, when a carved board moistened with paint was applied to the fabric , it was tapped with a wooden mallet for better printing of the picture).

The origin and meaning of the word "batik" is not exactly known. In Java, there is the word “ambatik” in everyday life, which is translated as “engrave”, “write”, “draw”.

Batik is a method of dyeing fabrics based on the use of a reserve, a special substance that does not allow dye to pass through. According to the classical technique, after a pattern is made on the fabric with a reserve, and the free areas are dyed, the reserve is removed, and an intricate pattern remains in its place.

The way of preparing fabric for painting was multi-stage: soaking, bleaching, then boiling. The process itself, consisting of the following operations one after another: hot wax coating - dyeing - drying, repeated for each color, was complex and time consuming, required skill and patience. It took many months, and sometimes even years, to create one piece.

In Europe, batik began to be used in the manufacture of decorative fabrics from the first half of the 19th century, and the ubiquitous Dutch became the pioneers in this matter, and the methodical Germans first put production on stream. Modern batik is distinguished by a variety of techniques. Along with the traditional “hot” method of wax reservation, the “cold” method is widespread, in which gutta, a mixture of rubber and gasoline, is used as a reserve.

The invention at the beginning of the 20th century in Russia of a reserve composition that did not require heating made our country the birthplace of cold batik. Ease of execution, a clear “stained glass” contour make this technique interesting for beginners.

Cold batik is based on the fact that with this method of painting fabrics, all forms of the pattern, as a rule, have a closed contour stroke (reserving composition), which gives a peculiar character to the pattern.

Acrylic paints appeared about 50 years ago and immediately received wide recognition. The success of these modern paints is mainly due to their ease of application, versatility and quick drying. In recent years, advances in the development of acrylic emulsions containing ever smaller and light-fast particles have made it possible to obtain ever better paints. Acrylic paints dissolve in water, but after drying they become completely insoluble. In addition, they are very resistant to chemical and physical influences. All Ferrario acrylic paints are based on an aqueous suspension of synthetic resins, to which natural or synthetic pure pigments, coalescents and stabilizers are added. As a result of the processing of these raw materials, very elastic and bright paints are obtained, which perfectly adhere to any non-greasy surface: canvas, cardboard, paper, wood, plywood, faesite, plaster, clay, fabric. All acrylic paints can be applied with a brush or a spatula, and with appropriate dilution - with an airbrush. In order to ensure a consistently high standard of quality, the Ferrario Factory _ controls fineness, viscosity, color consistency for each paint. In addition, for each paint, the degree of covering power, light fastness and the pigment used are indicated. Given the speed of drying, it is recommended to close the tubes immediately after use and rinse the working tools with warm water. With the help of numerous thinners from the Ferrario factory, the artist can work in a wide variety of techniques.

1. The main characteristics of acrylic paints

Drying of acrylic paints occurs as a result of evaporation of water; while the paint forms a chemically stable elastic film consisting of a pigment and a binder. Unlike oil paints, dried acrylic is more durable (less brittle); the paint does not crumble, its layer does not form cracks, the surface does not peel off. Over time, acrylic paint does not wrinkle, it is not susceptible to the effects of normal temperature changes and changes in humidity conditions. Paints have been around for over 50 years, so their light fastness is quite obvious. Acrylic dries fairly quickly. If you prefer to work in thin layers, it will dry just as quickly as watercolor. Thicker layers dry more slowly - within a few minutes (if the layer is very thick and thick, the drying time increases significantly). Dried acrylic paint cannot be removed with water and is barely amenable to scraping or sanding.

2. Paint thinning

The pigment particles of acrylic paints are interconnected by a liquid, milk-like plastic mass, which becomes transparent after drying. Acrylic dissolves in water, which can be used as a thinner and remover to clean brushes and palettes. Unlike other water-based paints, acrylic becomes insoluble after drying. This is his positive quality, since the finished work is no longer affected by water, except for _

In addition, you can apply paint on dried layers. The downside is that acrylic can ruin your brushes if you don't wash them thoroughly on a regular basis. Water is not the only agent that dilutes acrylic paints. Most manufacturers produce their own tools that can change the "behavior" of acrylic paints. The most important of these are glossy and matte thinners. Glossy thinner helps to improve the covering qualities of the paint and, when dried, gives it the character of a shiny surface; matte has the same consistency, but dries to a matte finish. A good property of these paints is the drying speed. Acrylic dries as soon as the water contained in the paint evaporates. The usual drying time for acrylic is about 30 minutes, then you can apply another layer of acrylic paint. These wonderful qualities of paint are used by artists who need to work quickly to capture the rapidly changing landscape. You can create a pasty underlay with little to no interruption to your work, and it doesn't take long for the paint to dry, as is the case with oil paint.

3. Acrylic as a primer

Acrylic paint can serve as the basis for work in other types of equipment. It is possible to combine acrylic and oil paints by underpainting or texture preparation with quick drying acrylic and then painting in oils. This approach allows you to make a general solution of the composition with acrylic, and then work it out in detail with oil. (Remember, you can apply oil to acrylic, not the other way around.) Combining acrylic and oil paints is a good way to work outdoors, allowing you to finish your oil painting in a studio setting. This approach is close to the manner of the old Flemish masters, who created the basis of works in egg tempera, then painted over this layer with oil glazes. In addition to fast drying and water resistance, acrylic has good adhesion. This quality allows it to be successfully used in outdoor painting, paints are not affected by weather conditions and fit well on most surfaces. Acrylic paints are great for collage as they can be used as glue for paper or fabric. Textured acrylic pastes (gels) and modeling agents have strong adhesive properties and can be used to create relief surfaces.

4. Acrylic texture

You can achieve almost any painting surface texture with these paints. Acrylic "under watercolor" reproduces all the characteristic qualities of watercolor paints, while thick acrylic paints are often indistinguishable from oil paints. Among artists, one can often hear the following comments regarding the external properties of acrylic painting, colors, allegedly too flashy, rough, or, conversely, too dull and inexpressive. This is a very shallow view, based on primitive experience with acrylic.

5. Acrylic paints in airbrushing

All acrylic paints are usually applied with a brush made of kolinsky hair, synthetics, bristles, or with a palette knife (thin elastic steel (less often horn) plate in the form of a spatula or knife), and when the paint is diluted with water by 50%, they are suitable for airbrushing. Acrylic paints can also be used in watercolor painting technique.

Artistic acrylic paints can be used mainly on canvas, as well as cardboard, wood, metal, coated with special primers (easel oil painting). And also work on dry surfaces plastered with lime mortars (tempera painting).

Drying time for work in a thin and medium layer on paper is 1 hour, and with the addition of a drying retarder - up to 3 hours. Given the speed of drying, it is recommended to close the tubes immediately after use and rinse the working tools with warm water.

The properties of the paints can be adjusted using auxiliary materials based on the same acrylate aqueous dispersions as the paints. Such materials include: various types of binders, thickeners, thinners, drying retarder gel, texture pastes, top coats.

6. Kinds of acrylic paints on sale

Acrylic can be purchased in tubes or jars. Paints in a tube in general terms resemble the consistency of oil and, compared to paints in jars, are used more widely.

Liquid paint in cans is often used on large surfaces.

Tube sizes vary by manufacturer.

The most popular is a 60 ml tube. Some paints are also sold in tubes with a capacity of 140 and 205 ml. Not all manufacturers offer paints in large tubes. Although they are economical, use small tubas in the open air, as their weight and volume can be a heavy burden on your shoulders. The most commonly purchased paint in a large tube is titanium white, which is constantly needed for mixing.

Acrylic tins are produced in a range of several sizes; there are containers equal to 55, 250 g, 0.5 liters and containers equal to 1 and 4.5 liters. If you work with paint even more liquid than in cans, prepare mixing utensils so that you can later dilute the paints with water or special auxiliaries.

After work, tightly close the tube with a bouchon, and the jar with a lid. In addition, carefully clean the neck of the tube or jar of paint residue so that the next time you open it without much effort. Remember, acrylic is a reliable adhesive.

7. The main types of painting on fabric with acrylic paints

hot batik

A quivering feeling seizes a person when he touches with a brush a white fabric well stretched over a frame. The fabric pliantly accepts the paint in its arms, and, grateful, it begins to work wonders. But the paint has its own character - it is skittish and does not know the boundaries of its run. And then the creative sorcery begins. With a hand and a brush with paint and at the behest of reason and fantasy, they create a miracle. And you find yourself in the magical world of artistic painting of fabrics. Once started, it is impossible to part with it.

There are several ways of artistic painting of fabric. It is cold, nodular and hot. The most interesting is hot batik. Products made in this technique are very expressive and colorful. Only in this technique can one achieve the development of a color that is infinitely diverse in structure, shades and color combinations.

Ways of painting fabric with hot batik, like no other, mobilize creative imagination, thinking and will, provide great opportunities for self-expression.

Hot batik is the most complex technique of all types of painting, but also the most interesting. Having mastered it, you discover that wax is a fertile material for all kinds of experiments, the search for unusual artistic techniques, and improvisation. Even the unusual smell of hot wax awakens creative imagination.

Cold batik

Cold batik is based on the use of reserve compounds that limit the flow of paint over the canvas. The artistic feature of this method of painting is that the obligatory color outline gives the drawings a clear graphic character. The number of colors is not limited.

The reserving composition is applied to the fabric in the form of a closed loop. Good penetration of the reserve into the fabric is the most important condition in contour painting. If gaps and gaps remain when drawing the contour, the paint will run out of the picture. The thickness of the pickup contour and the consistency of the reserve composition depend on the density of the fabric, its texture, as well as on the absorbency of the fabric. Dense materials, due to their structure, require a wider contour and a liquid reserve composition for better impregnation. Often, for tissues of this type, a reserve is induced on both sides. When working on a dense fabric, a thick contour is drawn, and on transparent, light fabrics, a thinner one. After the contour of the drawing is drawn, it is allowed to dry.

Before applying the paint, it is necessary to check the quality of the induction of the reserve on the wrong side of the sample by dropping water inside each form. If in some place water breaks through the reserve, this section of the sample should be dried and the reserve should be restored a second time, but already on the wrong side. Then check the line quality again.

At the beginning of the line and in areas where the hand moves more slowly, drops are usually obtained. To avoid this, you should guide the tube or tip of the tube over the fabric as evenly as possible, and at the beginning of work, either quickly lower the end of the tube to the surface, or start applying the reserve composition directly from a sheet of paper previously applied to the working surface of the fabric.

Start filling with color should be from the lightest tones, so that it is easier to cover the unwanted marriage with a darker tone. At the same time, one should not forget that the areas of the drawing must be evenly saturated with paint so that stains and halos do not form.

Knotted batik technique ("bandana")

Batik in the bandana technique is perhaps the most ancient type of textile painting. One of its types - the plangi technique - was common in India. The unpainted canvas was covered according to the pattern with very small knots, tightly tied with a thread. Then the fabric was dyed and the threads were removed, resulting in a pattern of white "peas". If necessary, it was possible to dye the fabric several times in this way, removing old knots and adding new ones. Dressing threads were removed from the dried fabric, but the finished product was not ironed, due to which the “tightness” effect was preserved for a long time.

Nowadays, nodular painting means simpler options. For example, a pattern in the form of a circle ("sun") or several circles. This pattern is done like this. A heat-resistant button, pebble or pea is placed under the fabric, tightly tying the fabric from below with threads. Then they tie up in one or two more places and paint again. The fabric is dyed sequentially and in several colors. The easiest option is two colors. To do this, areas with tied objects are immersed in a dye solution, the rest of the fabric is placed on sticks placed on top of the paint container.

When dyeing a dry fabric, you get a sharper border between the dye and the undyed fabric, but if the fabric is wet (moistened and well wrung out), you get smoother borders of the transition. After the fabric sections have been dyed, they must be rinsed and, in turn, place the remaining undyed part of the fabric (product) in a dye of a different color, placing the already dyed part on sticks.

One more way. Tightly twist the product or individual sections with a tourniquet, securing its position with threads so that the tourniquet cannot turn around. The binding threads must be tightened very tightly. Depending on the location and number of dressings, different patterns are obtained. In the same way, you can dye the fabric (product) in several colors. In this case, tying knots. And plaits, dye the fabric in the most (lightest of the intended colors). For example, it was decided to paint products. In the following colors: white (original), yellow, orange, red and dark brown. To do this, you need only three dyes - yellow, red and dark brown. Having first painted the fabric (product) with knots and bundles (the location and number of which depends on the design) in yellow, we get a white pattern on a yellow background. After rinsing and wringing out the unfolded product, we untie those knots and bundles, the fabric under which should turn red, and _ tie new ones, which will eventually remain yellow. Now dipping the fabric in red dye. The areas of fabric under the binding threads and inside the bundles will remain white and yellow, the background will turn orange, and the places where the threads were removed after the first dyeing will turn red. After rinsing the fabric again, we repeat the whole process, creating an already orange pattern. And finally, color in the darkest dye. The result is a complex multi-color pattern, in which not only the colors of dyes shimmer, but also all sorts of options for their mixing and interpenetration.

After rinsing the product in running water (first with knots, then without them), the slightly damp cloth is dried with an iron. Your product is ready.

This is one of the advantages of nodular painting - dyes are fixed during the dyeing process and do not require additional processing.

One of the types of nodular painting is the so-called folding batik. Here, the effect is also achieved by bandaging and dyeing, but the result is more predictable, since the fabric is folded in a certain way, and not twisted with a tourniquet.

Using the embroidered batik technique, you can create an even more subtle ornament. The end result is always known here.

Choose an ornament and draw it on the fabric. Walk along its lines with a “forward needle” seam. Stitch length -- 0.5-- 1 cm. Use only strong thread. Lay it according to the pattern, gather the fabric as tight as possible and fasten the thread with a needle or tie the fabric. After dyeing and removing the thread on the fabric, a pattern of small rectangles or rays will be obtained, perpendicular to the line along which the needle moved.

The folds formed on the fabric are very small, the dye easily penetrates into them. Therefore, these products must be painted quickly in a hot solution. You can fix them by drying with an iron through paper.

free painting

The method of free painting, which is produced without the use of a reserve composition, differs significantly from contour and nodular, both in the method of work and in the appearance of the finished product. This technique is close to watercolor painting. Soft, picturesque transitions of tone without sharp outlines of the form are possible here. painting reveals the originality of the author's handwriting and gives the products an individuality characteristic of manual labor.

Pull the fabric over the frame. Choose from a range of colors to suit your vision. Treat the fabric with paints in an arbitrary pictorial manner, using not a specific pictorial motif, but some kind of associative image: autumn, winter, spring landscape, early morning, twilight, fog, etc. In accordance with the plan, you need to choose a range of colors. The pattern is applied to the fabric with free strokes and only the final finishing is sometimes done using a cold reserve composition.

8. Method of hidden reserve

In painting fabrics, in addition to the main methods described above, there are many additional techniques and nuances that allow you to embody artistic ideas as accurately as possible, paying more attention to the creative side of the process, and not to the features of the technology. Some of these techniques can eventually be invented independently, but having the whole arsenal initially, it is much easier to achieve the desired result. The combination of techniques in various variants further expands the range of possibilities.

A characteristic feature of cold batik is the obligatory presence of a contour. This is the basis of all technology. However, a colorless reserve applied to the surface of the fabric not only creates borders that are insurmountable for the dye, but also leaves an outline of the color of the fabric. And since the fabric is usually white, the pattern turns out to be outlined in white. This is not always desirable.

Imagine that an openwork pattern of branches should stand out against the background of the crown of a tree. If you do the work in the usual way, each branch will be circled on both sides with a white line. How to avoid it? In this case, it is enough to first paint over the crown area, dry it, and only then apply the contour of the branches with a reserve. The colorless reserve will merge with the background color, and the darker dye of the branches will hide the paint of the crown underneath, acquiring an additional slight shade of its color.

As an example, let's take a look at the sequence of two jobs.

On the first one, we will depict a vase full of large bright flowers. Even those who think that they can’t draw at all can do this work.

The fabric is stretched over the frame and several spots are applied in the upper half with a light bright dye. When choosing dyes, imagine what flowers you will draw - asters, chrysanthemums, dahlias. There should be as many spots as there are flowers. After drawing the stains, dry them with a hair dryer.

Within each color spot, with a colorless reserve, draw the middle of the flower, similar to an asterisk. The shape of the rays-petals depends on the type of flower. In aster and chrysanthemum they are sharper, in dahlia they are rounded. Dry the reserve with a hair dryer.

Now mix in a dye a little darker than the center of the flowers. For example, if the middle is light yellow, you can take a bright yellow paint or add a little orange, a darker pink color is selected for the pink middle. Having decided on the paint, apply it with a brush around the reserved petals. Try to ensure that the paint completely penetrates into the narrow gaps between the petals. You will get light stars on a darker background. Dry the fabric again with a hair dryer.

Draw in reserve the second row of petals, trying to place them between the petals of the first row. Dry and circle again with a darker dye. Repeat this until the flowers are the desired size.

9. Painting fabric with an airbrush

The airbrush (improved spray gun) has great potential in creating an interesting effect in painting. When working with this device, small silhouette images are obtained on the surface of the fabric, as if melting in a fog. One of the main methods of work is spraying paint at an angle. This allows you to create smooth light and shade transitions. By directing the jet of paint onto the stencil at different angles, you model the shape of the motif.

Accessibility, simplicity, efficiency of the final result have earned this technique great popularity. Often there are postcards, delicate, shimmering motifs made with an airbrush, complemented by separately traced motifs.

Before working with an airbrush on fabric, you need to do a few experiments on paper. You can experiment with plants. Some of them, withering, do not lose their shape, but acquire softness, which allows them to be given the desired direction or bend. When working with an airbrush, it was necessary to take into account that a strong stream of air coming out with the paint can move the decomposed plants. Therefore, they must be held with a rubber-gloved hand. It is more convenient to direct a jet of paint at an angle along the stem of the plant. To obtain a clear sharp edge of the sheet, the ink jet should be directed from the middle to the edges and slightly up. The airbrush is kept at a distance of about 30 cm, then the paint lays down evenly, without forming spots.

Plants can be successively applied in two or more layers. Then the composition will be complex and voluminous. First, large leaves and "secondary" plants are placed on the sheet. They are airbrushed. Then the following plants are applied and stained again. The composition can be built in this way. Plants of the main motif are placed on a sheet of paper if they are supposed to remain white. Attach them with a tailor's pin. Sprayed with dye. The following elements are applied, attached and stained. You can repeat this operation several times. When solving in black and white, all transitions will be represented at work _

white to black. When using several dyes, it is necessary to ensure that they are combined and complement each other.

Another option for creating an interesting texture, the leaves of which can also serve as gift paper or book covers, is very simple. A sheet of paper is crushed into a ball. Then straighten, but do not smooth. A jet of dye from an airbrush is directed almost parallel to the plane of the sheet. The planes facing the dye will be painted over with different intensities, and the reverse sides will remain almost white. Then the paper is carefully smoothed. If the work is done with water dyes, it is simply ironed, dried with an iron. If automobile enamels were used, the paper is moistened with a sponge and ironed.

An apparent three-dimensional pattern appears on the surface of the sheet, reminiscent of the view of mountain ranges from an airplane.

This type of painting is perhaps the easiest to perform. All you have to do is choose a color scheme. Spread the damp cloth on a cellophane film, collect randomly in folds. Folds can be random or ordered, large or small. It depends on what pattern the result will be on the fabric. Then I sprayed green paint. Without changing the position of the folds, she again applied the dye - yellow, but from the opposite side. You can shift the folds for richer color tones. When choosing colors for painting, you should not get carried away with their number. Superimposed on each other, dyes give new colors, so it is important to choose them so that when applied one on top of the other, ugly spots do not form. It is better to use related colors of the color wheel. Having applied the last, darkest color, it is necessary to leave the fabric without straightening until it dries. You can not get carried away with a dark color, let it only shade the beauty of other colors.

When painting a finished product in order to update it, add color or simply add an addition to a smoothly dyed fabric, you need to lay a plastic film between the layers of the product and paint first one side before drying, then the other.

In this technique, fabrics for the interior are painted - curtains, bedspreads, etc. If you use dyes that are fixed with an iron, the fabric can not be steamed.

In this technique, you can paint fabric for clothing and interiors using live and specially dried plants. The plant must be dried in the form in which it will be used, i.e. all extra leaves and petioles have been removed, which, when painted, will distort the silhouette of the plant. Unlike painting with live plants (more airy and voluminous), painting with dried plants is silhouette and planar.

Working with dried plants is somewhat easier than with living ones, especially with herbs, which are voluminous and hardly lie on the plane of the fabric, making it difficult to convey their elegant pattern. Therefore, in the summer, a bunch of herbs should be dried under pressure and, choosing the right ones from it, inserted into compositions with live plants.

Plants in the painting of postcards and panels, it is better to place them “with their roots down”. Depending on the size of postcards or panels, the size of the plant is also selected. The graininess of the surface of the fabric gives the product an additional texture. Postcards are issued in the usual way, if desired, supplementing with inscriptions.

When applying paint with an airbrush, a stain may appear, you can try to draw a leaf, a blade of grass, etc. from this stain, which is more suitable for this composition. Or, if this is not possible, cover with an additional element of the composition with a darker dye. If the fabric is rapport, try to introduce the corrected element into all the motifs of the painting or alternating them through one. You can add new elements to an easel thing or a postcard.

10. Modern approach to fabric painting

Since ancient times, fabric has been used by man for a variety of purposes. One of the functions of the fabric is to give beauty and comfort to human existence. In order to diversify the natural, not the most attractive colors of the fabric, people have always sought the opportunity to dye it.

Modern fabric paints fall into two broad categories: industrial paints and amateur or "hobby" paints. The latter incorporate acrylic paints, which are widely used by amateurs and professionals. This type of paint contains synthetic resin. Acrylic paints dry extremely quickly. In addition, they do not discolour over time and come in an excellent range of colors. Even water is quite suitable for dissolving acrylic paints. However, once cured, the paint has excellent water resistance. Complete with this paint, special solvents are often sold that improve the quality of painting. Acrylic is great for creating relief images.

Hobbyist fabric paints must meet the stringent requirements of numerous standards. The thing is that people work directly with this type of paint. There are serious requirements for environmental friendliness, lack of allergenicity, and the availability of proper certificates. Paints that meet all these standards simply cannot be cheap. Complete with paints, additional improving compositions are often sold. Some of these compounds muffle the brightness of the color, others, on the contrary, contribute to the brightness, some thicken the consistency. An important component in painting with paints on fabric are special compositions that limit the spreading of paint. With their help, areas of the fabric that are not intended for painting are protected from ink.

For normal work, the fabric dyeing master needs to stock up on the required set of tools, which include: a frame, a set of brushes, hooks and pins to secure the fabric, a spray gun, pipettes, palettes, stencils, and more.

11. Materials and tools

Decola paint set for fabric

Fabric, pre-washed, ironed

Wooden frame or hoop

Palette for mixing paints

Buttons or tension hooks

Reserve for textile dyes

Fabric paint thinner

Soft brushes

Tanks for water and paints

Sticks with a foam tip ("sponge")

Cotton buds

Workplace

The ideal workspace should be well lit and well watered, with enough space to move around the stretcher and draw from either side. It is important that the whole palette of colors available to you be in front of your eyes. So it is possible to choose the right colors.

Acrylic paint technology

The proposed acrylic paints for fabric are diluted with water. It is recommended not to add too much water, so that the dyes do not spread on the fabric and reduce the coloring power. Rinse brushes and accessories with water until the paint dries.

Fabric dyes are designed to decorate natural fabrics such as linen and cotton. The structure of natural fabrics allows dyes to penetrate the fabric into the depths of the fibers and firmly attach to them. If you use fabric dyes for synthetic materials, be aware that they are more sensitive to washing, as synthetic fabrics do not provide a strong adhesion to the paint.

To obtain intermediate colors, fabric paints can be mixed with each other in any ratio. When using new fabrics, wash before applying dye to the fabric. Wrinkled fabric should be carefully ironed to eliminate all wrinkles.

The fabric can be stretched over a frame or simply laid out on the desktop, placing a sheet of paper or cardboard under it to protect the table. Penetration of dye through the fabric to the back of the fabric is a positive factor contributing to the best fixing of the pattern. If you're decorating a T-shirt or pillowcase, you need to isolate the front from the back with paper or cardboard. To simplify the work, the fabric can be fixed on the table with adhesive tape.

To create a durable pattern on the fabric, you should avoid imposing paint on the fabric in dense layers on top of each other.

There are several simple ways to apply paint on fabric to material. When working with a brush, you first need to use a colored pencil or carbon paper for tailors (it does not leave stains on the fabric) to apply any design to the fabric, for example, taking it from an embroidery magazine.

To perform color tests, keep a piece of canvas or similar fabric handy. When working with shades, it is important to remember that it is more convenient to start with light tones, gradually moving to dark ones. Light colors are obtained by mixing white paints on fabric with colored ones to the desired shade.

The contours of the drawing are applied with light paint using a soft thin brush. Coloring inside the contour and the transition of tone from light to dark is carried out using a larger brush. The drawing will turn out to be the most successful if you make a large number of transitions from light to dark. Try _ to work as quickly as possible, then the paints that have not yet penetrated deep into the material will mix on the fabric, leaving no noticeable boundaries between the tones.

Screen printing is another way to apply a pattern to a fabric. It is necessary to fix the selected stencil on the fabric, making sure that it is tightly applied. Depending on the size of the jewelry, choose a tamping brush or use a foam swab. Lightly dipping the swab in the paint, carefully process the slots of the stencil so that the paint penetrates the fabric into the depths of the fibers. You can use both pure and mixed colors in the same or different slots. At the end of the work, carefully raise the stencil, let the pattern dry for 12 hours, and then fix the work with an iron.

After completion of work, it is necessary to wait 12-15 hours, then fix the pattern by ironing it with a hot iron from the wrong side for 2-3 minutes. Be aware that fabric dyes contain a heat-setting resin that only becomes indelible after heat treatment. The temperature of the iron should correspond to the type of fabric, iron slowly and continuously, do not hold the iron in one place. Protect the board with a cloth while ironing. At the end, the fabric must be turned over and quickly iron the pattern, covering it with material.

The decorated fabric is the result of handwork, therefore, the patterns created with the help of paint on fabric need to be treated with care during washing. When using a machine wash, it is better to choose programs for delicate fabrics with a temperature not exceeding 40 ° C. Do not use a long spin, this leads to premature wear of the pattern. If the product is small, it is better to wash it by hand. Do not use bleach so that the dyes on the fabric do not lose color.

We will need a T-shirt, brushes, acrylic paints, a simple pencil, a drawing, a glass of water, a hoop, a bag or a file, two towels, an iron, a hair dryer.

We transfer the drawing with a simple pencil to a T-shirt. Or just put the picture inside the T-shirt and outline it, if it is light, it shines through well. And insert the pattern into the hoop.

We put a file or package under the picture

And now we decorate our sketch. Paints are diluted with a small amount of water. If you want to get a blurry picture, then apply paints on top of each other without letting them dry, if clear lines are needed, then the layers need to be dried a little, otherwise everything will spread. When finished drawing, we need to dry our creativity until the paint dries completely.

When the drawing dries, we take out the bag and put a towel folded in several layers inside and put a towel on top of the drawing. Now put the iron on 2 and turn off the steam. We iron for about 3-5 minutes

Now the T-shirt can be washed to remove the remnants of lines from a simple pencil. You can wash it by hand washing at a temperature of 30-40 degrees, they say you can also use a typewriter, but it is not desirable.

12. Sample making

Acrylic paint on fabric from the Decola series from the manufacturer: Nevskaya Palitra Artistic Paint Factory (Russia, St. Petersburg) was chosen for the manufacture of our sample ball. Paints based on water acrylic dispersion. Paints are intended for painting natural cotton and silk fabrics, as well as fabrics made of synthetic fibers and threads, this group includes fabric for making this sample. The set can be used for free painting of fabrics, decoration of fabrics using the "cold batik" method.

The set includes 12 colors in 20 ml jars: white, medium yellow, orange, red, medium green, turquoise, sky blue, dark blue, light violet, black, silver, gold.

When painting synthetic fabrics, it is recommended to make sure that the pattern is firmly attached to the fabric sample in accordance with the instructions for use. Pre-wash the fabric, iron it, stretch it on the frame or lay it out on the desktop. Paints are applied directly to the fabric with a brush, stamp or stencil. They have good spreadability. Do not fade, lightfast. Dry quickly.

Dry the painting for 24 hours. Iron with an iron without steam for 5 minutes. through a cotton fabric at a temperature corresponding to the cotton fabric. After _ 48 hours after ironing, the product can be washed with mild detergents at a temperature of 30 to 40 degrees without strong mechanical stress.

A black T-shirt made of synthetic fabric was chosen as the subject of artistic painting using acrylic paints. The choice was influenced by the idea, the essence of which is as follows, the drawing is a stylized image of an animal, namely a cat. The choice of the black color of the T-shirt is also not accidental, it is a night cat.

The preparation of the picture for the T-shirt was edited more than once, the initial version of this option was not chosen very well, since it was a nocturnal cat according to the idea. As a result of changes in this picture, we made adjustments to the cat's muzzle, namely, we changed the grin, or rather, added an evil grin, making the cat a night hunter, as well as eyes. The cat's changes are shown in the figure, but we didn't stop there. Where did you see a night cat with a tail pressed to the body. And this is what we got as a result of our numerous adjustments. The color of the cat was red and white, the eyes are green, and the paws are white on the claws of the cat - blood. His bow already hangs on his neck like during the day, but is under his paws.

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