Advertising on the portal

Automatic climate control system in greenhouses, system of direct and remote control and management of communications of the land plot "Terraform". How to grow exotic fruits in a greenhouse Tropical greenhouse

CONTENT
Purpose and types of greenhouses..... 5
Basic structural elements .... 6
Greenhouse structures.... 7
Requests and costs..... 12
Please note: Greenhouse alternatives..... 14

TYPES AND DESIGNS OF GREENHOUSES. Page 4.

You can grow flowers, fruits, berries and vegetables without a greenhouse, but this simple structure can turn your entire gardening experience upside down. And not only because you will be breeding plants throughout the year (or from early spring to late autumn), regardless of climatic and weather conditions. The number of crops and methods of their cultivation will be considerably expanded.

Purpose and types of greenhouses. Page 5.

Even if your gardening experience is quite modest, do not be embarrassed. Growing plants indoors is not much more difficult than outdoors if you know how to provide the right lighting, the required even temperature and natural air exchange.

Greenhouses grow crops that cannot be grown outdoors throughout the year or part of the gardening season due to their unsuitability for local weather conditions. Greenhouses are used for germinating seeds, rooting cuttings, forcing bulbs, growing seedlings, keeping indoor ornamental plants.

For example, seeds of tomatoes, sweet peppers, cucumbers and eggplants are best planted in greenhouses so that later they can either be transplanted into open ground or left indoors. Here they are protected not only from the cold, but also from wind and rain, and therefore bear fruit better.

Only in a heated greenhouse is it possible to grow evergreen subtropical and tropical crops, such exotic plants as orchids, which need not only warmth, but also high humidity.

Many indoor plants on our windowsills simply survive, and only in the greenhouse their beauty is revealed to the fullest. You can use the greenhouse as a "store" for your flower collection, placing faded plants in it and bringing those that are about to bloom into the house.

TEMPERATURE CONDITION
Greenhouses are divided into unheated and heated (cold, moderately warm and warm).

UNHEATED GREENHOUSES.
They are the most economical, but their scope is limited to growing some crops such as lettuce, radishes, tomatoes and cucumbers in early spring and late fall or during the gardening season.

If you want to get the most out of your greenhouse, consider year-round heating. When breeding tropical and subtropical ornamental and fruit plants, one cannot do without it.

COLD GREENHOUSES.
In winter, the air temperature in them should not be less than +7 ° C, the lower limit for most heat-loving plants like citrus fruits, pelargonium and ornamental bananas. Otherwise, you will have to cover them with garden fleece.

MODERATELY WARM GREENHOUSES.
The minimum temperature maintained in them (+13 ° C) is required for tropical plants such as hippeastrums (Hippeastrum), streptocarpus (Streptocarpus), begonias. poinsettia (Euphorbia pulchemma) and many orchids. Less exotic plants will be too warm here.

WARM GREENHOUSES (GREENHOUSES).
Here the temperature should not be below +18 ° C, which is necessary for some varieties of orchids, heat-loving plants like stephanotis and sinningia (gloxinia, Sinningia), as well as a number of plants with decorative foliage, such as coleus (Solenostemon).

Basic structural elements. Page 6.

Greenhouses are fairly simple structures, especially the most common ones, with an aluminum profile frame. But it is worth paying attention to the details before buying or building a greenhouse to make the right choice. At first glance, insignificant differences in the main structural elements, such as doors, transoms, roofing, often significantly affect the usability and artificial climate.


Frame. The frame is mounted from a wooden or metal (for example, aluminum) profile, forming a frame for the glass. Separately, its racks and other components are not very strong, so they must be carefully adjusted, and the fasteners should be periodically checked and straightened.

Door. The best choice is a sliding door: it can be left open while airing the greenhouse without fear that it will slam shut. It takes up less space, which is important in a small garden. The width of the doorway must be at least 90 cm, and more to bring a wheelbarrow into the greenhouse.

Plinth. This is not a required element, but it raises the glazed panels off the ground and serves as a foundation. To increase strength, however, there will also be brickwork, especially if the greenhouse is installed on the ground.

Glass. Usually sheet glass of standard sizes is used. Replacement of broken large glasses is more expensive, so it makes sense to choose smaller glasses.

Transoms on the walls. You need at least a pair of louvered transoms to circulate the air, which you won't hit like open hinged transoms when walking around the greenhouse, but the louvers are more difficult to close tightly to keep out the cold.

Transoms on the roof. As a rule, they open outward upwards, providing an outflow of heat and increasing air circulation. Ideally, there should be one or two transoms on each roof slope, with a total area approximately equal to one sixth of the floor area.

Unbreakable panels. They can be fixed around the entire perimeter of the greenhouse or only on the door.

Gutters and barrel for rain water. Drains remove moisture from the base of the greenhouse and allow it to be collected in a barrel.

Greenhouse structures. Page 6.

Today you can buy greenhouses of various sizes and designs, with a metal or wooden frame, coated with glass, film or polycarbonate. You can choose from a purely utilitarian aluminum structure or a whimsical retro Victorian conservatory with all its décor. Their purpose is the same, but the price and ease of use are different.

DESIGN
When choosing a greenhouse, considerable attention must be paid to its design, evaluating it not only from an aesthetic, but also from a functional point of view.

Gable and wall greenhouses
Gable greenhouses, rectangular, with vertical walls and a gable roof, are widely used. And there are reasons for that: a considerable landing area, maximum illumination, ease of care for plants. A gable roof provides sufficient height to the structure, especially in the middle where you are most likely to move, increases the stability and strength of the structure.

As a rule, these are free-standing structures, however, it is also possible to build a wall-mounted greenhouse with a three-quarter slope or, if space is completely limited, a shed. And they are very practical in terms of the ratio of planting area and working space, but they are often more expensive, and they need to be built against a wall or fence, which complicates the construction. On the other hand, by attaching a greenhouse to the wall of the house, you can make them communicate, and even install central heating in the greenhouse. In addition, it is convenient to attach pot racks and wire supports for climbing plants to a wall or fence.

Dutch greenhouse
The walls of the Dutch greenhouse are slightly inclined, which increases the illumination at the base, helps to retain heat and stabilizes the structure. It is convenient to grow low-growing plants in it on wall beds, but it is difficult to build supports for plants. In addition, large glazed panels are not cheap.

Domes

Recently, domes, or biomes, have come back into fashion, in which, throughout the day, several panels are located at the right angle to the sun's rays, which significantly increases illumination. They are quite attractive, but expensive and smaller than traditional greenhouses, they are suitable for growing tall plants. In addition, standard shelving, benches and other furnishings are not suitable for them.

On a note.
Leave aisles wide enough near glazed greenhouses so that you do not squeeze past them, risking breaking the glass.

Greenhouse with curved roof
Some greenhouses, including wall greenhouses, have a curved roof. This design provides more light, and looks less utilitarian than standard models, but it is much more expensive. Essentially, the roof is not curved: each next row of panels is located at some angle to the previous one. There are also freestanding greenhouses with curved walls, but these are not as common.


polygonal greenhouse
Polygonal greenhouses look more impressive than rectangular ones and are a good choice for a small garden when a small indoor structure is required. They combine decorativeness with functionality. The simplest variety is octagonal with a multi-pitched roof. There may be more corners if you are not behind the price, giving free rein to your imagination - for example, structures in the form of a miniature pagoda.

Polygonal greenhouses are not as practical as rectangular ones. If the plants are planted in the ground, your freedom of movement when leaning towards them will be limited. And if you place them on racks at waist level, a lot of space under them will be wasted. However, such greenhouses provide good illumination, and the plants are comfortable in them. They are especially good for exhibitions of plant collections.


Dimensions
The dimensions of the greenhouse should be such that it is convenient for you to take care of the plants and that it is in harmony with the garden landscape. Sometimes it is advised to figure out what they should be like and purchase a greenhouse of obviously large sizes. You will immediately find many more uses for it than you planned. However, there are more practical approaches.

First of all, measure the area that you have. Provide a passageway outside all the walls of the greenhouse, ideally 1.5 m wide, but at worst 1.2 m will do. Think about what you will do in this space. It's one thing - if you intend to go around the greenhouse from time to time to wash the windows, and quite another - if you are going to maneuver in the aisle with a wheelbarrow or lawn mower. (We'll talk more about this on pages 17-20.)

Then think about height. For comfortable work, it is necessary that it is possible to move freely around the greenhouse and stand up to its full height on most of it. A height of about 1.5 m at the eaves will entail a height of 2.2 m under the ridge.

If you are small in stature, you can lower the skate a little, but the indicated height is the most convenient for work. Greenhouses of this height are better lit and allow you to breed tall plants.

LIMITED ON RESOURCES?
Beware of very cheap mini-greenhouses with a lightweight tubular frame and a polyethylene cover. They are useful when propagating plants in protected areas of the garden, but they are inconvenient to use, and there is not enough working space in them. In addition, they are not particularly durable.

FRAME MATERIAL

The most widely used materials for the frame of greenhouses are aluminum and wood. A more expensive vinyl plastic (unplasticized polyvinyl chloride) is also used.

Aluminum
The aluminum frame, which is light and relatively strong, is quite thin and casts less shadow. It does not require much maintenance - a big plus for the ever-busy gardener. It is usually supplied unpainted, silver grey, but painted frames are also available. Unfortunately, the struts of cheap models bend easily, which reduces the strength of the structure. Choose a strong frame with a large number of struts. If necessary, reinforce it yourself.

Tree
Wood is a traditional material, and it is undeniably more attractive than aluminum. And if you want to make half of the wall from a material that retains heat more reliably than glass, choose a tree; it will look the best. It is easier to attach custom-made shelves and plant supports to a wooden frame than to an aluminum frame.

However, the tree needs constant care, because in the dampness of greenhouses it rots, is affected by fungus and microscopic algae. Drainage improves the situation somewhat, but it is necessary to regularly inspect the frame and take immediate measures against rotting wood.

Viniplast
There are greenhouses with a frame made of vinyl plastic pipes that do not require special care. They are more expensive, but worth the investment, especially if you are planning to grow indoor plants.

ON A NOTE
Some manufacturers offer greenhouses with an aluminum frame that is indistinguishable from wood, but these structures are not cheap.

COATING MATERIAL
COMPARATIVE LIGHT TRANSMISSION AND HEAT CONDUCTIVITY OF GREENHOUSE COATINGS

One of the most important elements of the greenhouse is the cover. The figures below show how much light (straight arrows) different materials let into the greenhouse and how much heat they give off (wavy arrows).


Along with the traditional material - glass - cellular polycarbonate, acrylic and polyethylene film are used as greenhouse cover.

Glass
Glass for greenhouses is thinner than ordinary window glass, and therefore transmits more light. If it didn't beat, it could last forever. It is easy to install and wash. Glazing can be double. It retains heat well, but it is more expensive and transmits light worse.

Cellular polycarbonate
This is a very common and inexpensive material. Its sheets consist of two thin plates with bridges, separated by air-filled cells, honeycombs. Jumpers give it rigidity, and air bubbles make it a good heat insulator. It is light and strong, but transmits less light than glass, and this problem only gets worse over time.

Acrylic
Acrylic has similar properties to polycarbonate and is often used for decorative elements such as curved cornices due to its flexibility. Acrylic, however, is brittle, scratches easily, and becomes cloudy over time.

Polyethylene film
The polyethylene used for arched greenhouses is cheap, transmits light well and retains heat, but over time its properties deteriorate greatly.


requests and costs. Page 12.

Now you have enough information to decide what the dimensions and design of your greenhouse should be. However, it will be useful to compare your requests with the cost of the greenhouses you like. Don't let prejudice get the better of you until you've exhausted all your options.

EVALUATE YOUR INTENTIONS
Ask yourself why you need a greenhouse. If you just want to grow seedlings, it is quite possible to get by with indoor window sills and a couple of cold greenhouses. If you dream of providing yourself with vegetables or own a huge collection of cacti, from which there will soon be nowhere to step at home, a greenhouse will be very useful to you.

With proper care, it can become the heart of the garden, your creative laboratory.

THINK ABOUT THE FUTURE
Before you spend money, you should also think about how far in time your plans extend. It makes no sense to buy a greenhouse that is by no means cheap if you intend to move next year. Dismantling and transporting the greenhouse is not the easiest and most pleasant procedure. That is why in private ads for the sale of used greenhouses they write: “Self-disassembly and self-delivery”. (On the other hand, when buying a used greenhouse, you will be able to inspect it in working order, assess the conditions, determine what is missing or broken.)

LOOK FOR INSPIRATION
It is said that imitation is the sincerest form of flattery. If you are going to start your own greenhouse, do not be too lazy to visit others. For example, those where flower shows are held, or greenhouses at nurseries, shops for gardeners. Ask friends and acquaintances involved in gardening. Usually gardeners are very willing to share their experience, and you can identify all the pros and cons of various designs, barely mentioning them.

COMPARE PRICES
Choose a few similar models and see what they come with, determining what you have to buy. Some manufacturers offer shelving, additional ventilation transoms, gutters, flooring, etc. in addition to greenhouses. Take a look at what is on offer. The purchase may be profitable, or you may want to purchase similar devices elsewhere.


Meticulously study the cheapest models: there are always reasons for a low price, perhaps it is more profitable to pay more, but get a stronger and more durable greenhouse, in which you will be happy to work.

Some companies deliver and install their greenhouses themselves. The cost will inevitably increase, but you will be sure that the assemblers will deal with all the little things and breakdowns before they leave you with your purchase. If you are accustomed to achieving perfection in everything or have your own views on the installation of a greenhouse, you may enjoy building it yourself. However, remember: if you did not buy a mini-greenhouse, assembly is not an activity for one person.

ON A NOTE
If you're not the only gardener in your family, make sure there's enough space for everyone in the household to get creative. And then, as if you were not pushed aside from your greenhouse.

CALCULATE HIDDEN COSTS
Acquisition of a greenhouse often entails a lot of expenses that you did not count on. For example, if you want to run electricity and water into the greenhouse, this will inevitably increase costs, as well as the construction of the foundation and paths. Add here irrigation systems, automatic mechanisms for opening transom-blinds, which will greatly facilitate your work. And also shading curtains, heaters, thermometers, thermal insulation - you can list indefinitely.

CRITERIA FOR GREENHOUSE SELECTION
Dimensions - make sure they meet your needs and plans.
Cost - find out what exactly is included in the cost of the greenhouse.
Functionality - make sure the greenhouse is fit for purpose.
Ease of use - check transoms, doors, shatterproof panels, gutters, look for places for shelves and other items that you need.
Design - It's pointless to buy a greenhouse if you don't like the look of it.

Please note: Greenhouse alternatives. Page 14.

If for some reason - due to lack of space or funds - you do not want to start a greenhouse, but would like to expand your collection of plants and arsenal of ways to grow them, look for other opportunities, of which there are many. They range from growing plants on home windowsills to setting up winter gardens, where it is so nice to have a cup of tea on a cold day.

Choose plants that will do well on your windowsill or in your conservatory, and you will have a colorful view for the whole year.

WINDOWSILLS
Growing plants on the windowsill is the most affordable and cheapest way. A wide, well-lit (but not sunny) window sill is suitable for germinating seeds, and if it is spacious, then for breeding delicate herbs like basil and a number of indoor flowering plants. Perhaps a propagator (a container with a transparent lid and electric heating) will fit on it, and if not, you can germinate the seeds here in a tray, under glass or plastic. The main disadvantage of window sills is that the light falls in only one direction. However, it is easy to periodically rotate the plants so that they do not stretch in one direction.

WINTER GARDENS
The Winter Garden is an excellent place for growing and displaying plants. However, it usually contains upholstered furniture and various household utensils, which complicates watering and makes it impossible to moisten the floor to increase air humidity. Often this is one of the home rooms that communicate with other rooms, and in the heat that threatens plants with thermal shock, you will not leave it open. If there is special glass in the windows that reduces the brightness of sunlight for our convenience, this does not affect the plants in the best way. On the other hand, double glazing and central heating make conservatories ideal for growing tropical plants.

To make the winter garden more comfortable for plants, arrange ventilation hatches on the roof and lay out the floor with stone or tile that is not afraid of water. However, it will be cheaper to build a large greenhouse and put a couple of chairs in it.

Porch.
Sometimes a porch is a good place to place plants. You just need to keep in mind that every time we enter the house or leave, temperature drops occur on the porch, which are dangerous for young plants. In addition, it is usually not heated, and at night it is quite cold here. And yet, if you have a closed warm porch, where there are shelves, and the doors do not open every now and then, plants can take root here.

MINI GREENHOUSES
Today, greenhouses are produced in a variety of shapes and sizes, and even if your garden is small, there is a place in it for a small greenhouse - wall-mounted, octagonal or mini. The main thing is that the light comes to the plants during the day.

Of course, it is better to have one large greenhouse, but if space does not allow, consider two or more small ones. We can place them in different parts of the garden. However, temper your ambitions. It is better to grow a few healthy plants that are not constrained by space, rather than many in cramped conditions.


GREENHOUSES AND CAPS
The gardening store now sells inexpensive clear plastic hoods for covering direct-sown seeds, seed pots, cuttings, and young plants. Caps made of wire arcs covered with plastic wrap are very good for covering vegetable beds, but they are rather troublesome to install and remove.

Hotbeds with a lifting lid on hinges are designed for growing seedlings, rooting cuttings of shelter for the winter of plants sensitive to cold. Lightweight portable models can be used as hubcaps. (We will tell you more about greenhouses and caps on pages 52-53.)

FILM GREENHOUSES
Film greenhouses are cheap, easy to install, but they do not look very impressive. These structures are suitable for the protection of plants planted in the ground, but are not entirely suitable for seed germination, rooting of cuttings and plant exposure. Heating and air exchange in them is more difficult to control than in glazed greenhouses. Polyethylene, unlike glass, loses its useful properties under sunlight, but, on the other hand, repairing minor damage is cheaper. New types of film are emerging. The highest quality, UV-resistant ones last 5-7 years, and with proper care - more than 10. (For more information on film greenhouses, see pages 40-41.)


 [email protected]

With the help of a greenhouse, you can grow fruits and vegetables at any time of the year, as well as harvest a good harvest. Certain cultures prefer warmth, moisture, others have enough average characteristics for growth. However, for sale or your own needs, you want to grow as many crops as possible at the same time.

Is it possible to combine plants with different needs in one greenhouse? Certainly yes. You just need to determine what vegetables, fruits and herbs and in what quantity you need. Then break them into categories, depending on the need for heat and moisture. Absolutely all cultures do not tolerate cold and drought - do not forget this. tropical greenhouses- the most suitable, multifunctional option. Zoning, different irrigation models guarantee maximum convenience for any plant.

Insulated construction

In modern times, it is possible to order a greenhouse of any configuration. For a moderate fee, you will get a wonderful greenhouse that will last you a long time and protect your plants from bad weather. The greenhouse is very easy to use. Manufacturers offer to purchase a finished structure, with a suitable number of sides, the desired height, light transmission, and thermal insulation. It remains only to choose the best one or order a greenhouse according to a personal drawing, then determine the concept of irrigation, heating, ventilation.

Required Extras

For growing plants from the tropics, insulated walls are not enough. More heat and lighting are needed. In another case, during the day the air will become warmer, and the ground will remain cool, and by the evening the temperature will drop rapidly. Such fluctuations will cause damage to plants. It is impossible to do without a heating system.

More worries in summer than in winter

It is important not to forget about the ventilation system. During the summer season, it can be too hot in a tropical greenhouse. Injection fans will solve the problem. They will mix layers of air, cool it.

Features of tropical greenhouses consist in the fact that initially the walls and roof are well insulated in it: 2 or 3 covers of polycarbonate, glass, reinforced film, spunbond are used. Polycarbonate for construction is better suited than other proposed materials, as it has unique properties. It is out of competition.

A tropical greenhouse provides an opportunity to grow traditional and exotic crops at the same time, and if you carefully monitor the structure of the soil, fertilize it regularly, then a generous harvest will not be long in coming!

Greenhouse heating systems vary greatly in complexity and cost, but in general, space heating is not that difficult to implement. Is a full-fledged climate control system possible for this room? How can it be implemented?

Let's try to find the answer.

Automatic ventilation

General principles

This is the simplest and easiest to implement way to automate climate control. Its essence is that when a certain temperature is reached, an automatic device with a simple drive, powered by an autonomous energy source or completely non-volatile, opens the window and ventilates the greenhouse.

To clarify: the capabilities of such a climate control system are quite consistent with its low cost.
It is understood that heating is provided exclusively by sunlight with limited ventilation.
Ventilation will reduce the temperature only if it is significantly lower outside.

Implementation

Several solutions are possible.

  • The most expensive and complex devices are electronic thermostats with servo drives powered by batteries or mains. When a predetermined threshold temperature is reached, the thermostat supplies power to the drive, which sets the transom or window in motion until the limit switch is activated. The obvious advantage of this class of devices is versatility: they can open and close sashes of any size. The obvious drawback is the relatively low fault tolerance. A dead battery or a power failure can cost you your crop.

Curious: mains-powered thermostats can not only open a window or transom, but also turn on forced ventilation.

Such automatic ventilation schemes are somewhat more expensive, but they remain effective in complete calm.

  • Bimetal actuators work by the fact that different metals have different coefficients of expansion when heated. It is worth soldering two dissimilar plates together - and when the temperature changes, the resulting structure will bend in one direction or the other.
  • Finally, pneumatic and hydraulic devices take advantage of the fact that air and many liquids expand greatly when heated. It is enough to attach a piston to a large-volume container filled with air - and the window will open on its own when a certain temperature is reached.

crazy hands

The latter type of system can be built by hand at minimal cost.

The instructions for making are quite simple; the list of necessary includes the most simple and affordable materials:

  • aluminum canister.
  • Cylinder glued from polycarbonate. After assembling the greenhouse, you will probably have trimmings that will go into business.
  • Inflatable ball.
  • Hose - garden, oxygen, acetylene or any other.
  • A knitting needle and a piece of foam - a rod and a piston.
  • Thin cord or fishing line.
  • A steel or aluminum plate that will go to the rocker.
  • Sealant and tape.

Actually, the above scheme does not require special comments.

Let's just focus on a couple of things:

  1. The connection of the canister with the hose must be absolutely tight. The ball is also pulled together on the hose as tightly as possible.
  2. The improvised piston must move in the guide cylinder with minimal resistance.

Peculiarities

If the electronic control system is able to respond to temperature changes almost instantly, then bimetallic, pneumatic and, to the greatest extent, hydraulic systems have a certain inertia. When in the off-season sunny weather can be replaced by a sharp cold snap, it is better to be nearby and check the operation of the automation.

In the photo - a hydraulic automatic ventilation device. It is produced industrially and costs about 1000 rubles.

household air conditioner

In regions with a warm and temperate climate, the heating system in greenhouses (and at the same time full-fledged protection against overheating) can be a regular household air conditioner. The split system is mounted on any sufficiently strong wall and is set to automatic mode to maintain the desired temperature. With a significant deviation from it to the upper side, the device switches to cooling mode, to the lower side - to heating mode.

Since a household air conditioner is nothing more than a simple heat pump, it will use much less electricity than any heater. Power is required not to generate heat, but to transport it from a low-potential source. At a temperature of about zero degrees, the difference in costs between the heater and the air conditioner can reach 3-4 times.

The preferred choice is inverter models. By converting AC to DC, they allow you to flexibly control the operation of the compressor and reduce power as needed, which again provides significant energy savings.

Advantages

Such a climate control system is good for its full automation: the air conditioner is able to maintain the set temperature within its capabilities for an unlimited time. In addition, in cooling mode, it will solve the problem of excess humidity. Condensate deposited on the heat exchanger will be removed outside the greenhouse.

Tip: so simple that it will increase its autonomy.
For reasons of saving electricity, it is worth installing the automatic ventilation system described above: in this case, the air conditioner turns on in heating mode, and cooling is provided by greenhouse ventilation.

Flaws

For small and cooling is quite effective, but has a number of limitations.

  • The lower temperature threshold at which a household inverter air conditioner remains operational is -25C for the best models. For most, the temperature minimum is even more modest - -5 - -15 degrees.
  • The lower the outside temperature, the less kilowatts of heat is transported to the greenhouse in terms of a unit of electrical power.
  • Despite the efficiency of the heat pump, it currently loses in efficiency to gas heating, no matter what the sellers of these devices claim.

Stationary heat pumps

An air conditioner is just a special case of a heat pump that receives low-grade heat from the atmospheric air. But air is not the only source of thermal energy!

Where else can it come from?

  • Ground-to-air pumps use geothermal heat. At a relatively shallow depth, the soil has a constant temperature of 10-12 degrees. Buried probes act as heat exchangers: in winter they take heat from the ground, and in the summer heat, on the contrary, they give it back.
  • Water can also serve as a source of heat or cold.. In this case, an external heat exchanger in the form of tens or even hundreds of meters of a polymer pipe is placed in a non-freezing reservoir located at a minimum distance. An alternative solution is to take water from one well and then drain it after passing the heat exchanger to another.

Unlike all types of air-to-air heat pumps, devices operating according to these schemes are independent of the outdoor temperature and climate zone. Their effectiveness does not decrease with frost, and in the absence of main gas, this is an excellent solution.

The only drawback is the high price of both the device itself and the installation work.

However: this is a one-time investment that will provide cheap and efficient heating for at least half a century.
Given the inevitable and rapid rise in gas prices in the foreseeable future (after all, this is an irreplaceable resource, the reserves of which are running out), it looks very promising.

Industrial complete solutions

For industrial greenhouses of a large area, the modern market offers comprehensive solutions that automate all major processes:

  • heating;
  • ventilation;
  • Humidity control;
  • Glaze;
  • Control of the content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere;
  • Feeding plants with mineral fertilizers.

Since the solution is focused on the industrial sector, we will not go into small technical details.

Let us outline only the main points of implementation.

  • The greenhouse heating system in this case is a full-fledged gas-fired boiler room. All main parameters - supply and return temperatures, operating pressure in the water heating circuit, gas flow - are controlled by a conventional computer running Windows.
  • The same computer, equipped with very specific software, controls the position of the vents through servo drives. It is consistent not only with the internal temperature, but also with the readings of external temperature sensors, with the direction of the wind, the level of illumination and the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere of the greenhouse.

  • A movable heat shield is used to protect against direct sunlight. When there is a lack of light, the local lighting system turns on.
  • Watering - drip. Together with water, automatically dosed top dressing is fed to the roots of plants.
  • For uniform heating and humidity, forced ventilation inside the greenhouse is used. It can also be used for air exchange with the surrounding space.

Conclusion

Full climate control systems for greenhouses exist and are very effective. However, the organization of plant care without human intervention will require significant investments. As always, the video in this article will demonstrate visual nuances on the topic. Good luck!

Russian greenhouses made of galvanized profile with polycarbonate can be a great place to grow a variety of exotic plants. This possibility appears if you use special equipment for greenhouses. It allows you to create a tropical climate inside the greenhouse, thanks to which you can get delicious fruits even during winter frosts down to -50 ° C.

What exotic can be grown in a greenhouse

Each owner of a land plot and a greenhouse can learn from the experience of well-known experimenters. For example, Siberian farmers have already successfully grown tangerines, grapes and strawberries in forty degrees of frost. To do this, they bought seedlings of Sochi tangerines, laid heating pipes in the greenhouse. And they have +10 in winter, +50 in summer in their greenhouse. By the New Year they always have a harvest of their own fresh tangerines.

Belarusian craftsmen have grown figs, bananas, pineapples, watermelons, pomegranates in greenhouses. And they practice with the crop of greenhouse coffee. Employees of "Zelenkhoz", where they grow exotic, invite everyone to get advice on growing overseas fruits.

If you want to experiment too, you can equip your greenhouse with spotlights and a heating system to get a tropical climate.

How to make a winter greenhouse

If you're serious about growing vegetables in the winter or experimenting with exotic fruit varieties, you're going to need to get serious about building your greenhouse. To do this, you can fill the foundation with a height of half a meter, build brick walls to the middle of the height of the building. On this basis, you can install a metal frame and sheathe it with polycarbonate.

Inside the winter greenhouse, you can install a water heating boiler and run pipes, and you can also use electric or water heating systems. Among the electrical options, it is convenient to use cable or air - for example, put fans inside. Cable heating warms the air thanks to infrared radiation.

The biological method of warming up the soil is the use of animal manure and organic waste. When biofuels decompose, they release a lot of heat energy. For example, horse manure can warm the ground up to 38 degrees for 3 months. Decaying rotten tree bark can produce up to 20 degrees Celsius for 4 months.

Option for an inexpensive winter greenhouse for exotic plants

If you do not want to build a permanent structure for a winter greenhouse, but want to try growing something unusual, try doing it in a regular greenhouse first. Kremlin greenhouses made of galvanized profile with polycarbonate are suitable for this. The main thing is to install it on a solid foundation so that the structure is even and does not allow cold air to pass through. Place a heater inside and hang lamps. So you can quickly start growing berries and fruits. For example, growing strawberries in greenhouses according to the Dutch method has long been considered exotic among Russian summer residents and gardeners.