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Swing gates with electric drive: tuning the site with your own hands. Automatic gates with a homemade drive: we build with our own hands Homemade gates with a wicket

In this article we will try to tell you how to make swing gates with your own hands. You will understand that there is nothing complicated about it. When producing a sash, the most difficult thing is to weld the frame. If you do not know how to use welding, then hire a welder for a couple of hours.

How to make a gate with your own hands - choosing materials

Gates can be made of wood or metal. Please note that you are unlikely to be able to make decorative gates yourself with curved lines using forging; only a professional can do this. To make decorative gates you need equipment, a special room, expensive tools and, of course, experience. It is better to buy such gates ready-made. It would be wiser for a home craftsman to make a regular gate with a metal frame covered with profiled sheets.

How to make a gate with your own hands - installation of supports

If the yard is already fenced with a fence with support posts and a gate, then this greatly simplifies the matter. Secure the hinges by welding directly on them. If there are no supports, then you need to perform a number of simple steps.

  • Treat the metal supports with primer and paint them.
  • Depending on the width of the gate, you need to dig 2 holes 1.5 meters deep.
  • Place a cushion of sand and gravel at the bottom of the pit.
  • Insert the supports into the holes and secure them with reinforcement.
  • Align the supports plumb and fill with concrete.

Hinges can only be installed after the concrete has completely hardened.


How to make a gate with your own hands - gate frame

To make the frame correctly, you need to prepare a drawing of the metal structure in advance and at this stage adhere to a certain sequence of actions.

  • In accordance with the required dimensions indicated in the drawing, cut the metal pipe strictly at an angle of 45 degrees.
  • The frame must be assembled on a flat horizontal surface and immediately secured by welding.
  • Check the internal dimensions and compare the diagonals of the resulting frame.
  • Make the necessary adjustments and weld the frame completely.
  • In the sash where a gate is not provided, weld several corners from the inside for reinforcement.
  • In the second leaf, assemble a special opening in which the gate door will be secured.
  • Once you have finished preparing the door opening, assemble the door. Using the prepared dimensions, assemble the frame of the gate in a strictly rectangular shape.
  • The rigidity of the gate door should be at the same level as the ribs on the leaf.
  • To give the structure additional rigidity, weld metal triangles in the corners.
  • Weld 2 cross members to the frame.
  • According to the drawing, weld the canopies and bolts in the required places.
  • After welding, the elements are ground and primed.
  • Paint the structure.


How to make a gate with your own hands - covering the frame with corrugated sheets

After the frame has dried, you can use corrugated sheeting to cover the frame. Place the profiled sheet on the frame and carefully attach it using rivets or self-tapping screws. The use of rivets allows you to achieve an attractive appearance.

Rivets and self-tapping screws must be secured in the recesses of the corrugated sheet. Consumption: for 1 square meter of corrugated sheeting you need to use at least 6 rivets or self-tapping screws. This quantity is due to the fact that in addition to the weight of the gate, they must withstand strong wind loads. After fixing the sheets of corrugated sheets, you can begin hanging the gate on the hinges.


How to make a gate with your own hands - installation nuances

Before installing swing gates, you need to make sure that the ground surface is even. Since most craftsmen make gates that can open in both directions, keep in mind that gates that open “pull” open more conveniently and last longer. Such gates are difficult to break open from the street side, since more force must be applied against the direction of opening than in the direction “along” the gate. This is important, because in critical situations every minute is valuable.


Making your own gates from corrugated sheets is a reliable and economical way to protect your property from prying eyes and uninvited guests. This entire system can be automated, which will improve the practicality and functionality of using the gate. Automated equipment is used for this.

Today, manufacturers can offer many types of gates, but consumers are more attracted to swing gates than other types. Such products have many advantages: low cost, low labor intensity when erecting them yourself, high durability and ease of operation. This is what can explain the increased interest on the part of many owners in gates of this type.

Product characteristics

If you decide to install the gate yourself, then you need to choose the right size. For a design with two doors, it would be optimal width 4400 mm and length 2150 mm. If there is a lack of space, these dimensions can always be reduced.

To correctly determine the size of the gate, you must measure the dimensions of the car that will drive through it. On average, a standard car is two meters wide. When calculating, add 50 cm to this value on each side to allow the vehicle to maneuver. As a result, the total length of the gate will be approximately three meters. As for the height of the valves, the optimal value for them will be from 1.8 to 2 m.

Components of the structure

It is equally important before installing the gate to familiarize yourself with its design, in which the following set of basic elements can be distinguished:

Despite its ease of installation and low consumption of materials, it is imperative to take into account the following design characteristics:

  • The weight of the gate should not exceed 500 kg;
  • The walls of the hanging post, which serves as the basis for attaching the hinges, must have a thickness of at least 4 mm;
  • The structure must be able to cope with wind loads.

Advantages and disadvantages

Before you go to the store outside the gate, it would be useful to get acquainted with their positive and negative sides, which will help you make the right choice.

Among the advantages of swing gates, it should be noted:

At the same time, swing structures also have a number of disadvantages:

  • The need to take into account wind load in the region of residence;
  • The need to allocate a fairly large free space for opening and closing.

After carrying out simple calculations, you can find out that swing gates have many more advantages than disadvantages. Moreover, the latter can be eliminated or do not look so critical against the background of their advantages. The main thing is that these systems are highly reliable. And this can once again be confirmed by the long history of their existence.

Preparatory activities for manufacturing

After becoming familiar with the features of these designs, you can think about making them yourself. And, first of all, you need to prepare tools and consumables for the manufacture of swing gates.

Tool for the job

To make a frame and arrange racks, you will need the following tools:

Among the auxiliary devices you should have:

  • Riveter and set of rivets;
  • Drill. May be required for fastening sheathing;
  • Compressor, spray gun or brushes for painting the frame.

Necessary materials

Without material, it is impossible to do any work with your own hands. And the manufacture of swing gates is no exception. To assemble them yourself you will need:

  • Pipe for racks. When choosing it, be sure to take into account the weight of the finished structure.
  • Pipe for frame. A profile pipe measuring 60×40×1.5 is best suited for this. Products of other sizes can also be used, for example, 40×20×1.5. When choosing a pipe, be sure to consider the finishing material used and the wind load.

To avoid mistakes when preparing for assembly, you can adhere to the following recommendations:

If all preparatory steps have been met, then you can proceed with the installation of the structure.

DIY assembly process

Those who associate homemade gates with not very attractive and unreliable structures think incorrectly. Often the opposite is true. When manufacturing such structures, the owner has the opportunity to create an access system to the site that best meets his requirements both in terms of safety and aesthetic characteristics.

The manufacturing process of such gates involves two main stages:

  • installation of posts for securing gates;
  • installation of gate leaves.

The listed steps can only be carried out in this order. But after installation, the racks will have to be allowed to stand for at least 7 days. To prevent this time from being wasted, you can start welding the gate leaves.

Installation of pillars

For the role of structure racks you can choose:

  • Wooden beam with dimensions 100×100 mm;
  • Brick or natural stone. The latter is more suitable for finishing due to its non-standard dimensions;
  • Concrete pillar. You can buy a ready-made version or fill it at the work site;
  • Profile pipe. When calculating the pipe cross-section, take into account the above recommendations.

The simplest method of installing poles is to drive the pipe to a depth approximately 1.5 m. It not only requires a minimum of time, but also provides significant savings in material due to the absence of concrete costs. If necessary, you can always replace the stand. But when using this method, it is necessary to set the level correctly and then the structure will not turn out skewed.

The second method involves fastening the pillar using concrete mortar. In other words, you will need to prepare a foundation for the base of the gate.

Considering that the first method is more understandable and is unlikely to cause difficulties, the second option will be considered below.

With this method of installing racks, you must adhere to the following algorithm of actions:

  • The first step is to dig a pit at least 1 meter deep. The easiest way to do this is with an earth drill, the diameter of which should be at least 200 mm, which will be sufficient for a pipe with a cross-section of 100×100 mm.
  • When calculating the depth of the pit, it is necessary to take into account the level of soil freezing in the region where the work is being carried out. When determining the width of the sides, pay attention to the quality of the soil and the size of the supports used.
  • A sand and crushed stone cushion is made for concrete. Its optimal height is no more than 200 mm. It will help avoid deepening the post and provide a base for concreting.
  • The pillar is installed, then it is leveled using a building level.
  • A concrete solution is prepared and poured into the dug-in post.
  • After installation, concrete pillars must be allowed to stand for at least a week. The concrete must harden well. During this time, it is recommended to periodically wet the concrete with water. Although cracks in such a small area pose less of a danger than those occurring in the foundation of a house, they are also undesirable.
  • If you decide to use brick or concrete instead of a pipe, then it is recommended to make the same recess for it (one meter).
  • To ensure high reliability of the rack, it must be strengthened with reinforcement. You must first remove 2-3 reinforcement embeds for subsequent installation of hinges.

After this, they move on to the second stage.

There are also some points that must be taken into account when carrying out work.

You need to start the work process by choosing the installation location. After all, the appearance of the structure largely depends on the location.

If you plan to install gates in the backyard, at the entrance to the garden, or to use them to fence a construction site, then you can limit yourself to a simpler material and design. It's a completely different matter when installing front doors or garage doors. In this case, costs will increase significantly.

It is best when the gate is installed along with the fence. If the latter replaces a hedge or the plan is simply to widen the driveway and a new gate is required, then measurements must be taken before installation.

It is necessary to find out the height and width of the opening for the gate being installed. When measuring the height, do not forget that there should be a technical clearance at the bottom of the structure. To correctly calculate this distance, it is necessary to take into account the type of coverage of the access roads. If there is asphalt, tiles or concrete in the gate area, then 5-7 cm of clearance will be sufficient.

For unstabilized soil, as well as surfaces with uneven surfaces, this distance will have to be increased to 10 cm. The presence of technical clearance is also due to the need to solve such an important problem as reducing wind load, if it is necessary to install solid gates without ventilation gaps.

Do not forget also about the gap between the sashes, thanks to which you can level out a slight displacement of the racks.

In recent years, many of our compatriots have managed to appreciate all the benefits of installing a swing gate in their summer cottage or in the courtyard of their own home. Such devices not only provide reliable protection against intrusion into the territory, but are also simple and reliable in operation.

Some owners install them themselves, which is a completely reasonable decision. After all, this way you can not only save on installation, but also get an access system that will satisfy the owner’s requirements to the maximum extent.

If you doubt that you will be able to do this task, or do not have enough time, then it is best to entrust this work to professionals who will quickly and efficiently install swing gates, saving you from all the problems.

The arrangement of any territory requires the presence of a boundary fence. A mandatory attribute of such a design is a gate to ensure unimpeded entry into the facility. Such systems are used both in industrial enterprises and in private areas. Products of this type can vary in complexity and design. Preliminary preparation will allow you to choose the best product option, taking into account all the nuances.

Peculiarities

Gates are universal enclosing structures that are installed at the entrance to a specific facility or private territory. Today there are many varieties of such structures, which allows you to select them depending on their purpose.

Regardless of what type of gate is being considered, the product consists of several basic elements:

  • Canvas. This part is the main part of the entire system. Depending on the design, there may be several canvases. Some models may have a complex geometric shape, given to create a unique design.
  • Supports. These products take the main load created by the sash or leaf. The shape and technical features depend on the method of fastening the gate.

The gates have several distinctive features:

  • Simplicity. The manufacture of some modifications does not require knowledge and experience in working with different materials.
  • Durability. High-quality products can last up to 15-20 years with proper care.
  • Ease of control. Today, all types of gates are supplemented with special hinges, rollers and other systems that simplify opening the doors.
  • Variety of designs. Products are manufactured using various materials and approaches. This allows you to obtain not only durable, but also beautiful products.

Kinds

Gates are an integral element of many enterprises and private estates. These designs must solve several universal problems. Today you can build them yourself, using special drawings or sketches. Depending on the technical parameters, gate systems can be divided into several types.

Recoil

The leaf of such a gate moves parallel to the fence or one of the walls. The main components of the products are the canvas, cantilever beam, rollers and supports. The fastening scheme of these attributes depends only on the selected type of sash and its location.

The frame is shifted by means of a cantilever beam and rollers.

The most popular type is cantilever gates, but there are also suspended and rail systems. The latter, for example, are very similar to console ones, but movement is carried out on a special rail. There are also so-called folding gates. In them, the sash seems to enter into itself. This is achieved by using metal profiles of various thicknesses and its fastening. Sliding gates are universal, as they can be installed both at the dacha and at an industrial facility.

Among the disadvantages are the need for free space on one side, as well as the high cost of the product.

Swing

This type of gate consists of one or two leaves that open in an arc. The use of swing systems today is very diverse. They are used both in private households and in large agricultural enterprises where additional fencing for areas is needed. The construction of these gates is one of the simplest, which has led to their widespread use. To install them, you will need metal and welding, with which the frame of the canvas is welded, and then the gate is installed in the right place. Today swing gates are used as entrance gates.

Rolled

A feature of such designs is that the fabric is wound on a special shaft when moving upward. This was made possible by dividing the canvas into small sections that are interconnected. Theoretically, roller gates can be installed outdoors as fencing systems, but this process is quite labor-intensive, so they are installed in garages or warehouses, where the frame can be attached to the base of the building. Among the disadvantages of these structures is their low strength.

There are varieties in which the canvas is not rolled into a roll, but folded into an accordion, but they are used quite rarely, since they are not so practical.

Sectional

Gates of this type consist of a large leaf of several sections, which moves along special guides. Similar systems are used in the construction of large warehouses, garages and other industrial facilities. To increase thermal insulation, insulation is inserted inside the canvas. The gate lifts up, so no additional space is required near the base. Some modifications can be supplemented with windows and gates.

Among the disadvantages are the high cost and limited use (installation is carried out only on solid foundations).

Tilt&Turn

Materials

Theoretically, gates can be made from almost any material. Today, several types are used for such purposes:

  • Metal sheets. Often, for such purposes, a profiled sheet is used, which is selected according to thickness and color. The canvas itself is formed from it. Please note that iron sheets not only cover the frame, but also form the top layer of the roll mechanisms. To protect the metal, the surface is coated with PVC solutions.
  • Pipes. Both round and profile products are used. Homemade gates are often made from a profile: you just need to weld the blanks correctly.
  • Metal corners. They are necessary to create or strengthen the frame. This material is not used for heavy gates.
  • Wood. This material is the most affordable and widespread, but wooden gates are becoming increasingly rare today, as they are quite demanding on climatic conditions.
  • Metal rods. Decorative elements are made from them. They are the basis of forged gates, which are distinguished by their originality and beauty.

How to make it yourself

Gates can differ radically from each other in design and technical parameters. The construction of some modifications is technically impossible at home. These include hanging or roll varieties.

Before you start building a gate in a private house, you should take into account several recommendations and proceed in stages.

  • Decide on the type of structure you plan to build. Today, many people prefer sliding systems, but they require free space along the fence. This must be taken into account when planning. At this stage, it is advisable to take all measurements in order to have data from which the main parameters of the canvas will be calculated.
  • Calculate all the parameters of the canvas and the wicket (if there is one). To do this, it is better to make a small drawing on which all the main dimensions of the future sash should be plotted. Particular attention should be paid to cantilever and fan systems: for them, accuracy is most important.
  • Stock up on tools. The construction of some types of gates requires not only a hammer and welding, but also other auxiliary tools: circular saws, grinders and many others.
  • Before starting work, buy building materials in the required amount: plastic pipes, corrugated pipes, rollers, loops and the like. The required set is determined by what kind of gate you are going to build.

Installation of supports

Technically, supports can be called system elements that hold the canvas in a certain position. These structures take the main load, so they are built from durable materials. The simplest option is to install fence posts for swing systems.

It consists of several sequential steps:

  • Initially, they determine the location. Often, for double-leaf gates, the support posts are placed at a distance equal to twice the width of one leaf plus a small margin. It is also important to consider the direction of movement of the web. If it opens into the yard, then you need to leave room for plowing.
  • Concreting pillars. Concrete structures, wooden beams or metal channels of varying thickness are used as supports. They are selected depending on the weight of the gate. When concreting, it is important to deepen the pillars by no less than 50 cm. It is advisable to position them strictly vertically, since any displacement can affect the ability to close the doors.
  • When the concrete is poured and the pillars are aligned, you need to install a brace so that the pillars do not change position while the solution hardens.

Installing a support system for sliding panel gates is a more complex process.

It can be described in several points:

  • Digging a ditch for the lower support beam. It will take the main load from the departure track. The ditch is located along the opening, and its length often does not exceed half its width. The depth of the pit reaches 1-1.5 m.
  • Construction of the beam. This structure consists of a steel channel and metal supports that are welded to it. As a result, the entire structure resembles the letter “P”. The channel is installed with the legs down, its flat side should be flush with the ground.
  • Concreting. When everything is ready, the ditch with the support beam is poured with concrete. It is important to control that the elements do not move in space. The beam must be in a horizontal plane. If this condition is not observed, then the movement of the exit track on the rollers will be complicated.
  • When the support beam has frozen, they begin to form the side support pillars. They are needed to optimize the operation of the folding structure. Closers, support rollers, motion sensors and other auxiliary attributes are mounted on them. Many experts recommend making decorative fence posts first, and then attaching the remaining parts to them.

As for armored gates or structures made of sandwich panels, they are not installed on the street. These systems are attached directly to the building frame, which acts as supports.

Some modifications are equipped with a metal frame that is easy to attach at the factory.

Installation

Before you begin installing the gates, they should be assembled. Swing and sliding systems are considered the easiest to assemble. The technology of construction and installation of swing-type structures should be considered.

It can be divided into several stages:

  • Frame installation. The door can be made of either wood or metal. The latter option is preferable, since the metal is stronger and more durable. Initially, profile pipes are cut into blanks, which, when folded, should form a rectangle. The corners of the elements are connected to each other by welding. To strengthen the product, metal corners are welded at the joints, adding rigidity.
  • Sheathing. When the frame is ready, it is sheathed with profiled sheets, wood or chain-link mesh. If you want to get a beautiful and unusual design, then you can use forging elements as decoration. They require experience working with metal, because it needs to be bent into a certain shape. If you do not have experience, you can purchase ready-made options.
  • Fastening. Hinged hinges are welded to the finished canvases and support posts. It is advisable to do this before laying the stone, so that both halves of the loops can be aligned perfectly evenly. If the hinges are welded correctly, then you can simply “put” the sash on the support pin. At the very end, locks and a gate are installed.

Installing sliding gates is much more difficult. It involves performing the following operations:

  • Construction of a metal frame. It is made from durable, thick profile pipe. The length of the canvas is often about 50% greater than the width of the opening. This is necessary to create a kind of counterbalance. If the width of the canvas is small, you don’t need to make a counterweight. The technology also involves cutting metal into blanks and then welding them at the corners, which need to be given special attention. Vertical supports should be welded along the entire length of the frame, to which the sheathing will then be attached.
  • Installation of the support beam. Outwardly, it resembles a profile pipe with a longitudinal section. The length of the beam is equal to the width of the lower end of the gate. It is attached to it using spot welding.
  • Sheathing. Sheets of profiled steel are placed on top of the frame. They are attached using special self-tapping screws that are not afraid of moisture and do not damage the metal.

  • Installation of rollers and top guide. Support rollers are attached to a metal platform. It is advisable to fix it by welding on a channel, which acts as a base. The rollers are securely screwed with ordinary bolts. The top guide is a small bar that moves along the rolls. The rolls, in turn, are attached to the support pillars. They do not allow the canvas to move to the sides when moving. The procedure is completed by installing removable polypropylene plugs, which are attached to the ends of the pipes, preventing moisture or dirt from entering them.
  • Gate installation. When all systems are secured, the canvas should be put on the rollers and tested. It is advisable to perform all operations with at least two people, since the gates are quite bulky and heavy.

For more information on how to install sliding gates with your own hands, see the following video.

Automation

The frame of many gates is made of metal, which increases its weight. Opening such systems manually is not always comfortable. This problem is solved with the help of automatic drives. It is impossible to make them yourself, since this requires special equipment. They install automation on roller shutters, sliding and swing gates. This process can be broken down into several sequential steps:

  • drive mount. It is a motor with gears that drive the entire system. They are located inside a special housing, which allows them to be protected from external factors. At this stage, the device is adjusted relative to the blade so that the rail moves without load.
  • Rail fastening. It is fixed on the canvas so that it coincides with the internal gear. It is important to take the product in length with a small margin. When fastening the gate must be completely closed.
  • Setup. In order for the motor to move the sliding gate, the teeth on the gear and rack must match. They are combined using special methods, which you can ask experienced craftsmen about.
  • Connection. The motor is connected to the electrical network of the house, and sensors are used to open the gate using a phone or a regular button.

When homeowners are constructing fencing around their properties or in the process of constructing garages, the need to solve the problem of building a gate always arises. First of all, it is necessary to accurately determine the appropriate type of gate. In this matter, an important role is played by the calculation of the smallest nuances, since situations often arise when, after installing the gate, you have to do additional work to arrange your site. It is for this reason that the design features of various types of gates should be studied before purchasing materials.

  • Recoil;
  • Swing;
  • Lift-and-swivel.

Each such design has its own specific differences, so it is necessary to study them separately.

DIY swing gates

Construction stages:

  1. Installation of hanging racks.
  2. Making the gate itself.

The sequence, of course, can always change.

The following materials can be used as racks:

  • Profile pipe with a certain cross-section;
  • Reinforced concrete pillars;
  • Masonry made of brick or natural stone. In most cases, stone is used for cladding purposes;
  • Ordinary wooden beam.

Let's consider the existing methods of installing poles:

  • Metal pipes are buried in the ground to a depth of approximately 1.5 m. This technique will always differ from others in terms of financial benefits and time savings. There is also always the possibility of emergency replacement of the rack. To avoid misalignment, it is recommended to strictly maintain the same level when burying pillars;
  • Equipment of a kind of concrete foundation as a base for pillars.

More attention should be paid to the second installation method.

Sequencing

  • Using an earth drill, a pit is dug, the minimum depth of which should be 1 m;
  • A special cushion for concrete made of sand and crushed stone with a thickness of 150-200 mm is equipped. Such a platform is necessary so that the rack never deepens;
  • The pillar is installed and gradually leveled using a regular building level;
  • The stand is poured with concrete.

To assemble the gate, you need to determine the size of the upcoming structure. To simplify the work, it is recommended to create a drawing in which all dimensions will be indicated.

After this, you can begin manufacturing parts for the frame according to pre-made drawings. When performing welding work, you should always remember safety precautions. It is advisable to entrust this matter to a qualified specialist. You should always remember that the number of stiffeners largely determines the resistance of future gates to external weather conditions. If pipes are used as racks, it is advisable to prevent water from entering them.

Gates can also be decorated with products made by cold forging. After the gate is assembled, you can put it on the hinges.

Let's list the main advantages of swing gates

  • Economical;
  • Relative ease of installation;
  • All stages of installation can be performed on your own without much difficulty;
  • To make such a structure, different materials can be used.

Disadvantages of swing gates


In general, installing swing gates is not difficult.

DIY sliding gates

Sliding gates are a little more difficult to install. When equipping such a structure, brick pillars are placed on both sides, on which rollers are fixed, holding brackets and fixing elements at a certain height.

The main weight should always be supported by the channel, which is fixed to a securely installed foundation on the inside of the gate or to iron supports.

You can install a solid foundation or several strong pillars under the channel. For the foundation, you will have to equip a pit, at the bottom of which there will be a cushion of crushed stone and sand. After this, formwork with waterproofing is placed in the pit. A reinforcing grid is installed in the formwork, after which concrete is poured into the pit.

A channel with reinforcement is mounted on a concrete foundation. This element is strongly pressed into the solution until it is completely immersed. When the concrete hardens completely, you will get a fairly strong iron platform. Only after the concrete has hardened and the channel has been installed are the gates themselves installed.

For the frame, you can use a square pipe or an ordinary iron corner. Additional stiffening ribs are necessarily welded to the square frame to increase the stability of the created structure. Each weld seam must be cleaned of the resulting slag. The frame is primed and then covered with a special paint that can protect against corrosion. Only after this can corrugated sheeting be installed on the frame.

When all the constituent elements of the structure are prepared, and the foundation with the built-in cantilever channel becomes strong enough, you can begin attaching the components of the sliding system.

Installation of a sliding system

Cantilever beams are mounted at different heights. When developing such structures, sizing must be done with particular accuracy, since the console can be deformed even with the smallest errors.

The disadvantages of sliding gates include only 2 features

  1. Compared to swing gates, sliding gates are a little more expensive.
  2. To be able to roll back, you will need a little space along the fence.

We list the main advantages of such gates


More information on installing sliding gates can be found in this video:

Installation of overhead gates

First of all, it is necessary to design the lifting and turning system. To do this, you need to change the dimensions of the opening and draw up a suitable sketch yourself or find a suitable drawing. After purchasing all the components and tools, you can begin installation, which consists of the following steps:


After the assembly is completed, finishing and painting work can be carried out. There should be a special groove for the seal at the bottom of the profile.

Advantages


The disadvantages of lift-and-turn systems include


More information about installing lift and slide systems can be found by looking at this
video:

To ensure the safety of a residential premises or industrial facility, it is customary these days to install fences and gates. Today, modern homeowners use three main gate assembly technologies. The essence of technology lies in the way it is discovered. Collecting any variety with your own hands will not be difficult for anyone.

In this video I will show you how to convert regular gates into automatic swing gates with your own hands. I've had the idea of ​​replacing the gate with an automatic one for a long time. And at some point a scheme was born that I put into practice. The gate is controlled by a remote control from the alarm system. This light serves as an indication that the drives are turned on and off.

I opened the gate inwards. All electrical is housed in a sealed box and the wiring is underground. The electric motors of the drives are powered by a voltage of 12 volts. I have tested the opening speed so far only in winter, and it ranges from 40 seconds to 1 minute. Each of the two drives is made according to the same design. The movable drive rod is attached to a special lug on the gate. The drive itself is attached via a welded bracket to the pole. All wiring is made in a sealed corrugation.

As you can see, I protected the internal parts of the drive with a suitable plastic box and a gray sewer pipe with a diameter of 50 millimeters. This solution completely protects the electric motor and limit switches from moisture.

Features of work

I have different buttons on the remote control for closing and opening the gate, and this is very convenient when I need to open or close the gate. Another point that I wanted to implement: when closing, the gate is blocked due to the original design. Neither on the ground nor above the gate are there any jumpers or stops that fix the gate in its extreme position. The gate simply closes and then remains in a slightly wedged state. This design does not provide for the order of closing the left or right wing; a gap of several millimeters is left between the gates. This approach, it seems to me, simplifies the gate control circuit. When the gate is closed, the drives are automatically switched off.

I manufactured and installed my gate drives in the winter. And this is a good test for the reliability and durability of the device. Therefore, I used proven automotive components and parts. It so happened that this winter I calmly operated my automatic gates at this temperature.

What changes in the cold? The automation works flawlessly, only the gate opening/closing time increases. I think it has to do with lubrication. In cold weather it becomes thicker. The next question that you are probably interested in is: what to do when there is no electricity? I simply pull out the pin that secures the drive rod to the gate, and then simply open the gate with my hands and lower the stops down.

I am not a fan of using a battery as a backup power supply, as I consider this scheme to be expensive and require constant maintenance and charging. In addition, the frequency of power outages in your area is an individual issue. Over several months of operation, I opened the gate only once. To close the gate without electricity, you need to perform the opposite operations: move the axes of the drive rod and the gate, and insert the pin. That's all, and it seems to me that it is not difficult.

The design of the gate has its own peculiarity. To reduce windage, the lower part is made in the form of a mesh.

How to lock gates without using drives? There is a rotating bolt for this purpose. So it is open, and so it is closed.

When the automation is connected, the bolt is always in the open position. I show you the frame of the gate itself. This is the simplest design possible. In my opinion, there are no unnecessary parts in it and at the same time the gate is quite rigid.

How do drives block gates? Let's look at this in more detail. The whole trick is in the special installation of the gate hinges. If you look closely, you will see that the hinges are welded in such a way that they prevent the gate from opening outward.

When closing, the vertical pipe of the gate rests against the post and gusts of wind blowing outward will not be able to pull out the drive. And the screw design of the drive will not allow the gate to be pressed inward.

conclusions

In conclusion, let's look at the features of this project:

  • the budget for two drives and a control unit was about 5,000 rubles;
  • to make the drives, I used jacks and gear motors for windshield wipers from a “penny”;
  • I came up with the control unit circuit myself and implemented it using a relay;
  • For additional security, I used two levels of gate closing and opening control. These are ordinary limit switches and time relays;
  • I used control panels from a budget car alarm system;
  • and finally, I have implemented separate buttons for opening and closing the gate, which allows you to open or close the gate. Which in practice turned out to be very useful.

Part 2


This is the second part of the video about do-it-yourself automatic swing gates. In the last issue I reviewed these gates, and today I will tell you in great detail about the electrical circuit.

I would like to warn you right away that this unit is assembled to perform specific tasks on the gate. These are the tasks. This is the ability to open/close gates under wind and snow loads, when the operating time of the drives can be increased. The second is the ability to open the gate, using it as a gate for guests, for example. Third, the drives are completely turned off after opening or closing the gate. It also turns off after a certain time, which you can adjust yourself. Adjustment of the drive shutdown time is provided separately for opening and closing.

If these tasks suit you, then you can safely look at this detailed description of the circuit further.

What does the diagram consist of?

The scheme is based on available elements that can be bought in auto stores or ordered cheaply on Ali Express. The basis of the circuit is two pulse relays, which are triggered when a short negative pulse is received from the remote control unit. The automation unit is in front of you. Let's look at the main elements.

The first is the control unit. Regular car alarm. The cheapest Chinese one. I ordered it on Ali Express. It cost about 300 rubles.

The next large elements are two pulse relays. This is what these relays look like. This is their number. This is the rear fog light relay. Used in VAZs and Chevrolet Niva. It is easy to find and sold in stores. Costs about 240 rubles. In my circuit there are two of these relays: the first and the second.

The following elements are a regular five-pin relay. One, two, three, four and one four-pin relay. This relay is necessary to provide an intermittent signal to the lamp so that others can see that the gate is currently opening or closing.

Also in the diagram there are two time relay modules - one and two. They are absolutely the same. These modules ensure that my circuit is turned off using a timer.

Here are all the main elements that are present in my scheme. And now I will try to schematically draw the operating principle of this device. How does this scheme work?

Scheme of work

First we draw all the large blocks. This will be the control unit for the car alarm. We use only two signals from this control unit. Both signals are pulsed and have negative polarity. That is, this is a minus. Our first signal will be responsible for opening the gate, and the second will be responsible for closing the gate. Naturally, on the alarm remote control it will be these two buttons. The closed lock button is what we use to close the gate. And an open lock is the opening of a gate.

Go ahead. The most important thing in my circuit is the two pulse relays that I talked about earlier. Here they are. Therefore, we place them in the center. First and second. This will be P1 - opening, and this will be P2 - closing. As I already said, we use this impulse relay with this number. They are easy to find in automotive stores and are quite inexpensive. The relay data connection diagram is very simple. I'll show you schematically what it looks like. There are only 6 contacts. Contacts I use. I apply a constant plus to the first contact, and a constant minus to the third contact. The fifth contact is the control one, the minus should come to it. Moreover, this minus can be impulsive. This is exactly what we need. We have a pulse signal with negative polarity coming from the control unit.

Therefore we will do the following. We connect the control unit to the first opening relay. This is our discovery. This is where the control minus comes from the control unit. And the second relay is controlled by a second signal from the control unit. This is our closure and this is also a minus.

Further, according to this diagram for connecting a pulse relay, I use the fourth contact - this is a constant plus at the output. The moment when a pulse of negative polarity arrives at the fifth contact. So here on the fourth pin there will be a signal. This will be a plus. I'll draw it like this.

Electric motors in the circuit

Go ahead. In our diagram, of course, there are electric motors for gate drives, there are two of them. I'll refer to them as M1 and M2. In the simplest version, for this circuit to work, we only need to apply a minus signal from the power supply to these motors. Do this and take any plus from any of these relays. Now how can this scheme work? Very simple. Let's say I need to open the gate - I press the first opening button. On the control unit, a pulse of negative polarity appears on the first contact, and it triggers this relay (the first). This relay is triggered and a constant plus appears at the fourth output of the relay. This plus goes to each of the electric motors. And we already got the minus by connecting through the power supply. Thus, they begin to rotate in one direction. The circuit starts to work, both engines spin - our gate opens.

In order to stop this scheme, I press the same button again - the gate open button. What's happening? Again, a control pulse signal of negative polarity appears in the control unit. So it comes here and again it goes to the pulse relay. Since the relay is pulsed, each pulse changes the state of the relay. Thus, if it was turned on, then it turns off, and this plus from the fourth contact disappears. And both engines stop because the plus for both engines disappears.

If we connect the plus from the second relay, which is responsible for closing, then we will use the closing button. Here it is - a lock, we press it, and the signal that goes along this wire is triggered in the control unit. That is, here we have a pulse minus coming through this wire to the second relay, which is responsible for closing. A positive appears on the fourth contact of this relay. We have this plus connected to both motors and now they begin to rotate again, but they rotate in the same direction.

In order to stop closing, we must press the same button again. Then the control minus from the control unit goes through this wire again to the closing relay. The pulse relay changes its state, and the plus of the fourth contact goes away, and again the engines stop.

In order to make the gate drive motors rotate in the other direction and ensure closing, we need some kind of circuit that will change the polarity. Since each relay produces a positive control signal. To do this, I will use a regular five-pin relay, here I have one and two.

They will work in conjunction and provide a change in polarity on these two contacts. How will it look like? When I apply an opening or closing control signal, one or another pulse relay will be triggered, and here the polarity will change on these two contacts. Let's say it was a plus here, and a minus here, and then it will become a minus here, and a plus here. This way I will reverse the engine.

We draw a diagram of the polarity change. As I already said, these are two five-pin relays. Here it is first, and here it is second. Let's designate the contacts. Here we have contact 88, sometimes it is also called 87A. This is not important. On this side we have 30 power contacts. Then these two contacts are 87. And two contacts for controlling the relay coil.

These are 86 and 85. And here are 86 and 85, respectively. Now how will we connect these contacts? Let's do the following. We set 88 contacts to minus. That is, we have a minus here and a minus here.

We connect the 86 and 85 relay contacts to each other and also turn them to minus. We must apply plus to contacts 87 of both relays. Here we will have a plus, I will label it here. To make it clear, I’ll even draw with a red felt-tip pen. So, we have a plus here. And we have a minus here.

We must connect contact 85 of the first relay to contact 4 of the pulse relay for opening. And we must connect pin 86 of the second polarity change relay to pin 4 of the pulse relay to close. There remain 30 contacts of the polarity change relay. We will connect our electric motor in parallel to these contacts.

Now let's see how this scheme will work. Let's say we don't have impulse relays. I'll close them now. What will happen? In the unconnected state, both polarity reversals will operate according to the following principle. Contact 87 will be normally closed, here and here. Therefore, the plus will be removed from this contact and sent to pin 30. I'm drawing a plus here and I'm also drawing a plus here because 30 and 87 will be shorted here too. So we have plus and plus. As you understand, electric motors will not work with this connection.

What happens if we give them a signal? So, we wanted to open the gate, we press the gate open button, a pulse signal appears in the control unit. About this line, he comes here and opens pulse relay number 1. On the 4th contact of this relay, we have a permanent plus, which comes to the 85th contact of the first polarity change relay and changes the state of the normally closed 87th contact to a normally open one. Thus, contact 888 or 87A, as it is also called, closes. And at pin 30 we get not a plus, but a minus. I'm drawing a minus here. And here we have a plus.

Since the motors are connected in parallel, they begin to rotate in one specific direction. When I press the same “open” button again, an impulse from the control unit arrives at the same first relay, it changes its state and disappears from contact 4 plus. Thus, the signal disappears at contact 85 of the polarity change relay, the coil no longer magnetizes the contact and contact 88 goes into the “normally open” state. And contact 87 is “normally closed”. That is, we get a plus here again. And we have a plus here again and a plus here. Therefore, the electric drive motors stop again.

If I press the “close” button, then the same operation occurs only with the second impulse relay. That is, the signal comes here - this is a pulse minus signal, it goes to the second relay. On this relay we have a plus on pin 4. This plus goes to pin 86 of the polarity change relay, and on this side we will have not a plus, but a minus. Both engines start, but they turn in the other direction. This is how I solved the issue of changing the polarity. Using just two five-pin relays.

An interesting question you might ask is what happens if, when the first opening relay is turned on, that is, when I press the “open gate” button, I immediately press the “close gate” button. Then the following will happen: both relays will be in the “on” state and then the plus will be present both here and here. And these polarity change relays will change their state. Electric drive motors will stop because there will be both negatives on the contacts. But this situation does not suit me, because both impulse relays will be constantly turned on and there will be a plus at their outputs. To prevent this from happening, I use two more relays. In my diagram they are right here at the top.

Interlock relay

I call them Open Interlock Relay and Close Interlock Relay respectively. What are they needed for? They are needed so that when I open the gate and my opening relay is activated, I cannot press the “close” button to turn on the second relay, which is responsible for closing the gate. On the diagram it will look like this. These are again two five-pin relays. The contacts will be located like this. These are 30, 87, 88, 86, 85. I will apply a negative signal to these contacts immediately from the power supply. This will be “P opening block”, and this will be “P closing block”. Now both of our pulse relays will be connected to the control unit not directly, but through the corresponding opening and closing blocking relays.

Therefore, I erase this connection. We take the signal that is responsible for opening and apply it to the first relay to pin 87. Accordingly, to connect a pulse relay for opening. We must take the signal from pin 30 of the blocking relay.

And now, through the closing blocking relay, we will connect a signal to close the gate. We connect it to pin 87 again. I'll highlight them in color to make it clear. A negative pulse is removed from contact 30 of the closing blocking relay, and we apply it to the corresponding contact of the closing pulse relay.

How will this scheme work now? When we press the “gate open” button, a pulse signal appears in the control unit and along this line it first goes to the opening blocking relay at pin 87. We have this contact in a state where the relay is not connected - it is always closed, so we remove this impulse from contact 30 and it goes to our pulse relay for opening the gate. And further according to the scheme.

When I need to close the gate, I press another button, a signal appears in this branch. It goes to pin 87 of the closing blocking relay. This relay is not turned on yet. Therefore, from contact 30 we remove the minus, which goes to the second pulse relay, which is responsible for closing the gate.

Now let's do a trick. We will connect the positive signal from the opening pulse relay to pin 86 of the closing blocking relay. What will happen in this case?

So, when we open the gate and our impulse passes through this circuit, through the opening blocking relay, it is not turned on in any way. Contact 87 is closed to 30. Therefore, the opening pulse relay turns on, a plus appears at its output, and the circuit begins to work. But this plus along this branch goes to the closing blocking relay. And here the state of the relay changes. If earlier contact 87 was normally closed, now it opens and contact 30 closes to 88, which is not connected to anything. And even if now, I press the close button, and I will receive a signal from the control unit along this branch, and it will go to pin 87. Then the signal from this contact will not reach 30, because this relay has changed state. And contact 30 is closed to 88.

Therefore, pulse relay number 2, which closes the gate, will not be able to operate. We will make the same tricky connection for the opening blocking relay. We remove the positive signal from the second pulse relay. And we feed it here to contact 86 of the opening blocking relay.

As you may have guessed, the same principle of operation will be here. When I press the gate closing button, the negative signal along this branch passes through the blocking relay and goes to the second closing pulse relay. It is triggered, and the positive signal from pin 4 goes to pin 86 of the opening blocking relay.

The relay changes its state and contact 87 will no longer be connected to 30. 30 switches to 87. And now even if I press the button to open the gate, and I have a signal already in this branch, then it in no way passes further, and does not turns on the gate opening pulse relay. This piece of the circuit allows you to eliminate unnecessary operation of both pulse relays at the same time. I will try to show you what I just talked about in a more visual form.

Here they are impulse relays, here they are, these contacts, 6 contacts. And here they are, the blocking relays. This is how they are connected. In red I have wires that are connected to their corresponding pulse relays.

How does a light bulb work?

Go ahead. Let's consider the question of how we can make this circuit signal when one of these relays is turned on. That is, when our engines are running. For this we have some kind of light bulb. And it should glow for us. I use a turn relay in my circuit. This is a turn signal relay for Lada cars. Powering it is not difficult, the circuit is simple. I'll show you where I get the signals from in order to make this light bulb blink. So, we connect the light bulb directly to the relay. And in addition to the negative input, we must provide a positive signal to the relay. Where will we get it? We'll take it here. We take one of the signals from the first pulse relay. And we take the second signal at this point from the second pulse relay.

If I did this and connected the positive contact directly to the relay and brought these two contacts together, I would close the outputs of the first impulse relay and the second impulse relay, then I would be violating the circuit. They would not work correctly. Therefore, for this purpose it is necessary to use two ordinary diodes and place them like this. The first diode and the second diode.

It turned out a little clumsily, but I think you will understand the principle. Now what will happen? When we have the first or second relay open, then from their corresponding 4 contacts the plus will flow here. This plus passes through the diode, but it cannot get to the other branch due to the fact that there is another diode here. Accordingly, this plus goes further and comes to the turn relay and the light begins to blink.

If I press the gate open button and the first open relay is activated, then the positive is removed from pin 4 here. It also follows this circuit here, passes through the diode, but cannot get into this branch. And it goes below here to the turn signal relay and the light flashes again. Accordingly, when I press the close or open buttons a second time, these relays stop working. The positive signal from 4 contacts no longer comes here and the turn relay stops powering the light bulb, and the light bulb no longer blinks. The relay that makes the light blink is located here. This is a four-pin relay. I even took it with a block. It's quite inexpensive. But through these two contacts, I connect the light bulb already in place directly next to the gate.

Time relay

What do we have left? We have one last interesting task left. We need to ensure that after a certain time, each of these relays turns off. In order not to press the same button several times. For this purpose I will use two time relay modules. These are simple modules, they cost about 135 rubles each and are located here.

So here I have the time relay modules located. And their designation is FC-32. I also ordered them on Ali Express. Let this be time relay 1, and this will be time relay 2. Accordingly, our first time relay will be responsible for turning off the gate after opening. And the second relay will be responsible for turning off the drives after closing. In the diagram they look like this, in this place. First and second relays. There are contact groups here. There are two contacts here and two contacts here. And here, respectively, are three, and here are three.

I also want to draw your attention to the fact that the modules themselves have these variable resistors, which are responsible for point-by-point time adjustment. And the corresponding jumpers, which are installed in a certain way, are responsible for the time switching ranges. By setting them in the desired mode, I ensure that each of these relays operates exactly after a certain period of time. Well, in this case, I have the maximum set here to 1 minute here, and 1 minute here. That is, the time after which power will no longer be supplied to the drives in any case is equal to one minute. This time can be set to any time, both for opening and closing.

How I connected them. Here we have a negative signal coming from the power supply - minus. I'm connecting it. The front contact group has two contacts - plus and minus. Accordingly, here is the first minus and for the second - here.

In addition, the minus must be applied to the second contact group, which is located on the other side. Here we have three contacts. And the second relay also has three contacts. Therefore, we apply a minus to the extreme contact here, and to the extreme contact here.

As you probably already guessed, these modules will be powered from the corresponding pulse relays. Let's diagram this. So, when we turn on the first relay responsible for opening, then this positive signal from contact 4 should also go to the input of the pulse relay responsible for opening. Therefore, we bifurcate it like this and apply this positive signal to the left contact of the front contact group. Accordingly, for the second time relay we take the control signal from here. We take this plus from the relay, which is responsible for closing. Like this.

So here we have a plus, here we also have a plus. The contact groups on this side of the time relay have three groups: first, second and third. The first and second, when power is not supplied to this relay, they are normally closed. It’s the same here, a normal closed state. But when the power is already supplied, when the timer is triggered, the second and third are closed. That is, the situation here is now normally open. And here it’s the same thing – normally open.

What else should we connect? We must connect the second contacts in each time relay to the corresponding relay inputs, which are responsible for blocking. This is 87 contacts. That is, we will now take the second contact of the time relay output and connect it to the 87th contact of the opening blocking relay. And we will connect the second contact of the second time relay to contact 87 of the closing blocking relay. This is how I'll draw it.

How does the circuit work with these two time relays? So, we launch the first mode - press the button and open the gate. The gates are opened and the first impulse relay is triggered. At the 4th output of this relay we have a permanent plus. Along this branch, it comes to the time relay, which is again responsible for opening and this relay starts. It starts and counts down the time in one minute.

You can adjust the time to your liking as you like. I experimentally came to the conclusion that the maximum time that I need for the gate to fully open or close, especially in winter, is exactly one minute. In one minute the following will happen. Normally closed contacts 1 and 2 in the first relay open, and 2 and 3 close. On contact 3 we have a minus. This minus will go according to the diagram and will come to contact 87 of the opening blocking relay. This contact in the free state is closed to pin 30. The signal will go further and the negative signal will arrive at the opening pulse relay, thereby stopping its operation.

At the output, we will again get two pluses and the electric motors will stop. And at the same time, the voltage will be removed from these relays. The same goes for closing. We click on the “close” button. Our signal comes to the closing pulse relay. We remove the plus from the 4th contact of this relay, it goes to the corresponding second time relay and starts the timer. Our timer is again set to 1 minute. After a minute, contacts 1 and 2 open, and contacts 2 and 3 close. Accordingly, this minus goes to this branch, which is connected to contact 87 of the closing blocking relay. Through contact 30, closed with 87, the signal is sent to the pulse relay responsible for closing, and this pulse relay stops working. The plus disappears here again. And the polarity change circuit again has the same sign - two pluses, and again these two electric motors stop working. This is the logic of work provided by my scheme.

I hope you are not too tired of my detailed story.

Part 3


This is the third part of a video about do-it-yourself automatic swing gates. In the previous two parts, I reviewed and looked at the circuit diagram in detail. In this part you will find the device of drives and limit switches.

To open the gate, the mechanism of an ordinary VAZ jack is used, costing 500 rubles. The movable rod of this jack moves along a long screw when the handle is rotated.

Depending on the direction of rotation, the rod will move up or down. The intensity of movement determines the speed of movement of the rod. Now I will open the lid to show in detail the structure of this jack. As you can see, there is a gear inside. For our purposes, the handle and gears must be removed. To replace the lower gear with a screw, it is advisable to install a bearing of a suitable diameter. And on this side, after the screw, we will install an adapter on the gearbox shaft.

Features of gear motor

To drive the jack screw, I used the most common, simplest and cheapest windshield wiper motor gearbox from VAZ. I only use two wires - plus and minus. When the polarity changes, the gear motor changes direction of rotation.

Here is the axis of this gear motor, which we must attach to the screw.

Its shaft makes about 60 revolutions per minute. You can use other, more expensive gear motors with higher speeds. It is in this plane that these two nodes need to be joined.

For double-leaf swing gates, we will need two identical gear motors at once. I would like to warn you right away that in the domestic automotive industry, gear motors even from the same batch can have different rotation speeds. I have not yet been able to explain this paradox to myself. Please note that on this motor I have already installed two nuts.

They will somewhat strengthen the axis of this gear motor. And through them I will transfer the forces through the adapter to the top of the jack. As a result, we should have a design like this. Now I will explain how it works. I already inserted a profile square pipe with a side of 20 millimeters into the jack; a hole was drilled at the end for connection to the gate leaves. The square pipe itself is connected to the jack screw and, as it rotates, moves inward or outward.

On the other side you see a platform for mounting the gear motor. It is made in the form of a plate with holes. This is where the gear motor is attached using bolts. Its axle with nuts fits exactly into the adapter, which I made from a suitable socket wrench.

When the gear motor is turned on, rotation is transmitted through the adapter to the jack screw. The jack screw rotates and moves the square pipe I inserted outward or inward. Accordingly, this entire structure either lengthens or shortens during operation, which ensures the opening and closing of the valves. And at the same time, this design is quite rigid and strong, which is necessary for working in harsh wind conditions.

I also installed several corners on the drive housing, to which I will attach a decorative cover to protect it from atmospheric precipitation. There is a large hole drilled into the back of the drive for a pin or bolt that will secure the drive to the post.

For this design, it is better to make a small plastic cover to protect it from precipitation. The second drive is made in exactly the same way.

Features of the limit switches

And now I will tell you how the limit switches will work. These limit switches are connected to these two motors. Here you see the alarm.

Please note that here we have a plus and a minus. This minus goes right here and immediately goes to one motor, and to the second motor. That is, from here, he immediately goes at them. The second contact goes here, and goes for the first motor - here are two limit switches (connected via a diode), and for the second motor (also two diodes). They are connected differently and connected through two terminals. And it goes to the second motor, that is, this is one motor, and this one goes to the second motor. That is, they work separately.

Let's take a look now. So, we have everything on, zero voltage. Turn it on and open the gate. Now our engines are working. Our voltage is 12 volts. Now let's look. And so we look after the engines. I close the first contact - the limit switch closes only one motor. Now we look at the bottom one. I close it - it doesn't work. Now we close both - here and here. That's it, they both don't work because I shorted them both. Now I let go here, and then I let go - and they work again.

If I close the other limit switches, then nothing happens. What's here, what's here. Notice that nothing happens. Because they are spinning counterclockwise now. Now I'm stopping the scheme. I have zero here. And now I'm starting to close. They now spin clockwise. And now, in order for me to stop them, I have to close these lower ones. Closed and opened. Same thing below. We close both now - I close here, and I close here, and they both stop working.

I closed them all. Now I open them and they work again. We check the first limit switches. We close - nothing, no effect. Because there are diodes here and these diodes only pass current in one direction. Therefore, this limit switch is only for closing, and this one is only for opening. Here's the diagram.

Current limits

Now let's see how much current this circuit has. Ammeter here. We're turning it all on now. Now the engines are working, everything is blinking. And there are two and a half amps here. This whole circuit is for two and a half amperes.

Now I am stopping one contact. That is, we only have one motor spinning. The current here is 1.2 amperes.

Now I want to show the principle by which the limit switches will work. As you can see, they are installed here, here is the one limit switch, and here is the second limit switch installed.

That is, this plank – it moves. Moves here and will turn off here.

Let's see. So she went and freed this trailer.

He freed himself. Now she is heading in this direction towards this end stop. The motor is still running. Here she is approaching the end point. That's it, the engine is stopped, it doesn't turn over. And even if I press this button now, the motor does not work, does not start. Here I am, there is no effect.

Now let's try to close it. Now it is not working - we are closing it. So he went the other way. That's it, the engine no longer turns, everything has stopped. On this drive, the limit switches are located here, like this.

Here she is walking slowly. The second limit switch is here and here. Everything ends with a special fork. With a sealed fork, we can open it. Here it is completely sealed so that if anything happens, we can remove the drive completely.

This concludes my story about the miraculous transformation of ordinary gates into automatic ones with a budget of 5 thousand rubles.

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