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What professions are in education? Professions around the world: list, rating

The number of professions appearing and disappearing simultaneously is very large. Most of us don’t know now who a joker is, but the term “copywriter” is familiar to almost everyone. In order to understand the functionality of each profession, people use special literature. And in order to understand which area this or that position belongs to, you need to read our material.

Division of professions

In the global community of linguists, it is customary to divide professions according to various criteria, grouping them together into small clusters. Such groupings help to highlight similar activities and generalize them.

All professions are divided according to various criteria.

Based on the type of work, there are classes of professions: gnostic, transformative, and exploratory:

Transformative. Such professions are associated with changes in various properties or states of the subject of labor. In this case, knowledge is not an end in itself. Prominent representatives of this group will be people who work as cooks, bakers, and builders. Here the change in the properties of the original material is clearly visible. A baker bakes baked goods from raw ingredients, cooks change the properties of raw vegetables and fruits by boiling them in boiling water, builders mix dry cement and leave it to harden. For example, the profession of a driver is not suitable - there is no clear change in properties.
Gnostic professions (from the ancient Greek word "gnosis", meaning knowledge). These are professions that are associated exclusively with the cognitive sector. At the same time, they fit organically into material production. There are many such professions, and they are very diverse. Recognition, recognition, control, classification, checking by known characteristics, sorting, research and evaluation are considered as the final product. Representatives include a laboratory assistant and an art critic. The medical examiner is also a profession of the Gnostic type.
Exquisite. In this case, the main focus becomes the search for something, an activity that will help invent something new, come up with a solution. Representatives are people whose work involves inventing new things and transforming old things. These are educators and teachers, programmers, mathematicians, engineers, pattern cutters.

Division by means of labor

Based on the means of labor, professions are divided into:

Using mechanized tools. These are professions that involve operating machines or mechanisms in their activities. Such machines are created using manual control to transform something, move it. Classic representatives of this profession would be a turner or a machine driver who, using control, moves loads or shapes a workpiece.
Using hand tools that are necessary to perform the labor function itself. Representatives are mechanics, cartographers, artists, and laboratory assistants.
Using automated tools. Such professions involve operating machines and various devices. Workers - operators of incubation units, sound recording operators.
Functional means of the human body. These are professions in which the main activity is thinking and reference. For example, a conductor or an acrobat.

Division by working conditions

According to working conditions, professions are divided by type of work:

In the open air - agronomists, tractor drivers, installers. The work involves sudden temperature changes.
Household type - accountant, programmer. This is office or laboratory work.
Unusual - underwater, at high altitudes, in extreme heat. Representatives - divers, miners.
With an increased level of moral responsibility - such employees are responsible for human health, his life, and material values. These are teachers, judges, sellers.

Classification of professions

All over the world it is customary to divide existing professions into certain classes. In Russia, the table compiled by E. A. Klimov is popular.

According to his classification, there are 5 main types:

Man is technology. These are people who interact with inanimate objects, most often technical ones. For example, an electrician, a repairman, a turner.
Man is nature. They deal with animals, forests, microorganisms. This is a veterinarian, an agronomist, a master fruit and vegetable grower, and a specialist livestock breeder.
A person is a person. The subject of research, service, transformation are communities, social strata, groups, people of different ages. Representatives are doctors, teachers, salespeople, engineers-teachers, and tour guides.
Man is an artistic image. A representative of this profession sees the world as creative and tries to highlight the beautiful. The environment excites him only from the point of view of the possibility of adding beauty, touching form or emotion. Prominent representatives are artists, restorers, tuners, ballet and drama dancers, composers, decorators.

Gnostic specialties

Gnostic professions are professions that do not produce new products or goods as a result of their activities. This is an evaluative area. The Gnostic class of professions is often associated with cultural activities and science.

Specialists of Gnostic professions do not participate in the creation of new things. Most often, they evaluate existing, previously produced products or individual parameters.

Prominent representatives: commodity expert, art critic, criminologist, radiologist.

Examples of professions

Each profession combines various characteristics belonging to classes, types and types of different directions.

Transformative Specialties	Survey professions	Gnostic professions
Seed breeder, trainer, breeder	Gardener, milkmaid, veterinarian	Sorter for fish, vegetables, fruits, milk receiver, egg sorter
Foundry worker, watchmaker, car mechanic	Crane operator, tractor driver, driver	Pilot-observer, hydroacousticist, laboratory assistant for mechanical tests
Plastic surgeon, psychiatrist, psychologist	Massage therapist, salesperson, therapist	Watchman, sanitary doctor, watchman, investigator, journalist
Translator, cutter, cryptographer	Programmer, linguist, mathematician	Drawing controller, accountant-auditor, proofreader, standard setter
Florist, artist, writer	Porcelain painter, fashion designer, sculptor	Critic, music inspector, antiquarian

The Gnostic class is called upon to:

explore, distinguish, recognize, determine, verify;
evaluate, understand difficult and complex phenomena, draw conclusions based on various characteristics of the object);
check according to previously familiar characteristics, sort, and so on.

Gnostic professions, the list of which is very long - controller of technical control (technique), proofreader (this is a sign system), critic (this is an artistic image), expert of buildings and structures (this is architecture), sanitary doctor (sphere - person), analysis laboratory assistant (this is nature) etc. - may overlap with other professions and types.

Where is the Gnostic type found?

Gnostic professions, the list of which can be continued endlessly, can be found anywhere. In the clinic and in the field, on a construction site, and in a factory, in the sales area of a supermarket or store. Gnostic professions can relate to any of five common types of professions: inspector-receiver of manufactured products, critic, proofreader, sanitary doctor.

Transformative professions

The largest class of professions is considered to be one whose goals are actively associated with changes in the properties of objects of labor. That is why this class is called transformative. For such professions, psychologists, when drawing up a career guidance map, use the abbreviation “Pr” - based on the first letters of the keyword. This class is the broadest, because often cognitive activity is not the main one, but only comes ahead of the transformative one and is a by-product.

Transformative activity should be understood as any action as a result of which the object of labor will change its properties, position in space, and also, on the contrary, will actively preserve its original properties. The class of these professions is widespread in various fields: teacher, carpenter, draftsman, field farmer, restorer.

Survey work

Gnostic professions, examples of which are discussed above, are very different from research professions. In the research class, only the goal of the work comes to the fore, which implies the invention of something, where you need to come up with or determine a new solution to the problem. In classifications, it is customary to designate this class with the letter “I”. These are professions of practical application. They are often confused with Gnostic ones, associated with special research. Gnostic professions, the purpose of which is to recognize and classify, in this context are very different from the exploration professions. The work of a geologist, for example, often causes debate among specialists about where to classify it.

Distinctive Features of Gnostic Professions

Gnostic professions, examples of which were given earlier, are characterized by certain features that help to isolate them from the general mass. In this class, any of the specialists does not independently participate in the production of new products, but only evaluates individual existing ones. These products are always made by others and cannot occur on their own.

Also, representatives of Gnostic professions can evaluate individual parameters of a product. A distinctive feature that unites all specialists is a high interest in the properties, characteristics of certain objects or products, as well as their comparison.

Variety of Gnostic specialties

Gnostic professions are so diverse that among all of them there is a separate independent group, united by leading actions that are used to achieve goals of a Gnostic nature. These include: classification - sorting, checking according to qualities known in advance, research - delving into more complex connections of hidden, not immediately visible and obvious processes or phenomena.

Requirements for employees

Specialties of this class impose certain personal and professional requirements on the employee. The main thing that distinguishes the Gnostic professions is the purpose of the work. Examples of requirements for an employee: very pronounced cognitive activity, high observation, stability of attention, high-level performance, tirelessness and endurance of the necessary senses. Quality control of products or evaluation of objects often affects the interests of other people. For an impartial and high-quality study, a firm position and adherence to principles in the conclusions drawn are important.

Examples

Examples of professions of a Gnostic nature are found at every step. Let's say a cutter who works in a tailor shop. Each time, starting individual tailoring, he must change his activities, focusing on the client’s figure, the texture of the fabric, and the style of the model.

In fact, he solves non-standard and creative problems throughout the working day. The class of such professions - prospecting - is extremely small.

Intersection of classes and goals

Very rarely are professions clearly identified in which one type or class predominates. There cannot be only Gnostic professions, only exploratory ones, or only transformative ones. Most often, in the work that a person is engaged in, there are several goals: to recognize, to invent, and to transform. In many specialties, the goal of work contains two elements, or even each of them. In order to determine whether professions are Gnostic or exploratory, and to classify them into a certain class, it will be necessary to first determine which of the elements of goals constitutes the main, main content of all activity, and which element is of secondary importance.

For example, a doctor, in order to treat a person, must first find out and make a diagnosis. At the beginning of his work there will certainly be an element of exploratory activity and recognition, but the main content and meaning of all medical specialties is aimed at healing and healing the patient, and therefore at his transformation.

When choosing a profession, it is worth considering two main criteria: personal qualities and so-called professional suitability. Simply put, a person must not only want to work in a certain field, but also have a certain potential for self-realization in it.

“Technical people” and “humanitarians” are the most elementary division of people according to the criterion of professional suitability. The corresponding abilities can be pronounced, but it also happens that a person has approximately the same inclination for both technical and humanities. In any case, within each of these two groups of professions there are many subgroups, and therefore the choice is quite wide.

Even the ancient Romans noticed that mala herba cito crescit (“weeds grow quickly”), and in order to get a good harvest, you need to work hard, and with skill. Today, food security for seven billion people is ensured by agronomists, gardeners, farmers, machine operators and even foresters - all those who work on the land or are professionally engaged in crop production.

The list of professions related to security can be both technical and social and humanitarian, and can be at the intersection of these two areas. In addition, in this area there is a division into security and information security. Security in the field of IT and engineering security are especially relevant at the enterprise level, and fire and military safety are, as a rule, issues of public service.

Representatives of military professions do not “work”, but perform public service. In addition, to become a military officer, you usually need to receive appropriate education from school age. The military professional sphere provides the country with people who can and are able to make responsible decisions, lead a competent strategy, and also contribute to its technical development. In a word, the mission of protecting the state in peace and war is entrusted to their shoulders.

There are professions that can be classified into several categories at once or, conversely, they do not fit into any list of specialties: for example, an expert or a priest. This is exactly what we are talking about in this section.

The name of the profession "engineer" goes back to the Latin word ingenium, which means "ability, ingenuity." And in fact, engineers are not only technically competent builders, oil workers, mechanics, heat power engineers or meticulous labor protection specialists, but also creators - designers, constructors, empirical physicists engaged in applied developments and research.

The list of creative professions is quite wide. The list includes artistic, theatrical, pop, dance and other areas related to art. If you feel that you are creative and talented, and creativity and art are the areas where you can express yourself, then you should definitely familiarize yourself with this section.

To put it simply, computer-related specialties include a large group of professions directly related to information technology. IT (in the English version IT - information technology) is a set of methods and means of collecting, processing, storing and transmitting text, video or audio data. The use and development of this harmonious system is ensured by IT specialists, in other words, IT specialists: web developers, software testers, programmers, content managers, system administrators and dozens of other professionals involved in computer equipment, software and their use.

Professions related to the sky, of course, can be poetically called the most sublime, and they are suitable for 100% romantics. But you need to be prepared for the fact that the profession of an air traffic controller, flight attendant or pilot will require quite down-to-earth and absolute dedication - it’s not for nothing that cosmonauts and test pilots are awarded the title of Heroes of Russia for their work.

In the 21st century, beauty and fashion have become powerful industries, which means that to work in them, professionals are needed, and a variety of them: makeup artists, hairdressers, stylists, fashion designers. It’s not easy to break through and make a name for yourself in this field, but the work is extremely interesting.

Light industry is understood as a set of industries that produce a huge range of consumer goods - from toys and souvenirs to household items that are impossible to live without in everyday life. All this is developed and manufactured by representatives of different professions: clothing designers, fashion designers, tailors, seamstresses, shoemakers, weavers, furniture makers.

Modern linguists are no longer pure humanists, comparing the vocabulary of the poems of Byron and Pushkin or collecting dialect expressions on expeditions to cities and villages in order to compile a dictionary of dialects of disappearing nationalities. Today, the list of professions related to the theoretical study and practical application of different languages includes not only a translator and linguist, but also specialists in information intelligent systems who develop speech recognition programs, automatic text processing and other software.

In order for every buyer to always be able to find exactly the product he needs on the shelves of a supermarket, in a boutique collection and in a household appliance showroom, there must be a clearly established system of procurement, transportation, and warehousing. All this is done by sales managers, buyers, merchandisers, supervisors, brokers, brokers, logisticians, storekeepers, forwarders and other representatives of trade-related professions.

Doctors, nurses, geneticists, virologists and other medical researchers at one time chose the medical profession. The level of responsibility in this area is off the charts, and the knowledge required for work is sometimes at the intersection of sciences such as chemistry, physics, biology and even engineering. The list of specializations for doctors is not long. Today, medical institutions are constantly in need of anesthesiologists, pediatric and adult resuscitators, narcologists and psychiatrists, as well as emergency physicians and medical laboratory diagnostic workers.

The common phrase that every cook can run a state looks different in the original and has a completely opposite meaning: it boils down to the fact that administration at all levels must be learned. The art of leadership is perfectly mastered by university-educated HR, customer service or tourism managers, anti-crisis managers, commercial and financial directors and representatives of other administrative professions.

Across the seas, along the waves - today here, tomorrow there. If you are ready to live in such a rhythm, then the professions of a sea captain, sailor, navigator, motor mechanic or diver are just for you. Working in the navy cannot be called easy, but maritime specialties have long and probably forever received the status of the most romantic.

In universities, everyone studies a variety of academic disciplines; for many graduates of higher educational institutions, science becomes a profession. Historians and philosophers, ethnographers and anthropologists, archaeologists and paleontologists, ecologists and sociologists, art historians and cultural scientists, nuclear physicists and biochemists, meteorologists and cartographers, geologists and gemologists - they all work in different branches of fundamental or applied science.

With the development of the non-state education segment, the level of demand for representatives of the teaching professions has increased sharply. In addition, the practice of private tutoring has become very common lately. Nanny work and employment in preschool institutions also require the candidate to have pedagogical education. Modern educational, entertainment and sports studios for children and adults offer dance, language, and creative classes. The teaching profession is in demand in all these areas.

Everyone loves to eat delicious food, but if at home we often make do with amateur express scrambled eggs, “constructed” in haste and to the best of our ability, then on an industrial scale the preparation and production of food is carried out by professionals: catering technologists, cooks, bakers, restaurateurs, and even tasters and sommeliers, who test the taste of food and compile wine lists.

Civil servants are employees of executive, legislative, regional and municipal authorities, police officers, prosecutors, courts, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and even the military. That is, these are not only officials in the usual sense for the majority, but in general all professionals working in government civilian or law enforcement agencies. Therefore, by and large, politicians and diplomats can be called civil servants.

Professions related to working with people either carry a certain social benefit, or are at the intersection of two (or more) spheres of activity, pursuing slightly different goals. So, if we compare, for example, the professions of a teacher and a personnel manager, then the first one works exclusively with people and for the sake of people (in general), and the second one pursues corporate interests. Therefore, working with people is a very general concept, which, however, in all cases requires the employee to demonstrate highly moral human qualities.

It’s not for nothing that wild and domestic animals are called our little brothers: they, just like people, need qualified medical care, professional care, proper education and reliable protection. All this is done for wildlife inhabitants and pets by veterinarians, paramedics, dog handlers, groomers, zoologists, trainers, gamekeepers - in short, specialists whose work involves direct or indirect contact with animals.

Any enterprise and every organization must work as a harmonious organism - otherwise you will not get meaningful results and will not be able to withstand market competition. In medium-sized, and especially large, companies, the smooth functioning of the production mechanism is ensured by employees of the administrative department and, to no less extent, by representatives of office professions: administrators, secretaries, and clerks.

The service and tourism industry rests on the shoulders of not only the owners of service companies, hotel empires and VIP or budget travel agencies. The main “characters and performers” in it are employees of all enterprises in various sectors of the hospitality industry: head waiters, tour guides, waiters, tourism managers and even animators who entertain vacationers and are responsible for their great mood.

Representatives of several dozen specialties work in the field of media and publishing. All of them ensure the publication of books, newspapers, and magazines. In recent decades, many traditional professions in this area, for example, journalist, editor or illustrator, have been adapted to the features of electronic media and virtual information platforms without changing their essence. Just like hundreds of years ago, correspondents, columnists, reporters, proofreaders, layout designers and other professionals do everything to ensure that the reader receives high-quality information - no matter in what format it will be presented.

The field of engineering and technology is suitable for people with a strong aptitude for the exact sciences: mathematics, chemistry, physics, computer science. The corresponding professions are characterized by high dynamism: this is due to constantly ongoing industrial and technical development. Graphs, lists, drawings and calculations - this is the tool base of technical professions. To enjoy such work, you need not only to be able to do all this, but also to sincerely love the exact sciences.

Transport plays a vital role in the national economy of the country. It, in turn, is greatly influenced by technological progress. Not only the scale of transport operations is growing, but also the level of comfort, technical equipment of route lines, etc. People who manage and maintain transport are always in demand, but choosing a transport profession is associated with a significant level of responsibility. The dynamism of this area also requires employees to constantly improve their skills.

Economics, just like engineering and technology, loves precision and certainty. However, accuracy alone is not enough in her world: among other things, economic professions have their own specifics, which lies in the constant need for forecasting, positioning and analysis. Entrepreneurship as a profession combines all of the above, because market processes are subject to the laws of various economic sciences, and to successfully run a business, you need to take into account absolutely all the factors in this field of activity.

The list of legal professions is traditionally associated with justice, however, in the conditions of an emerging (developing) rule of law state, this does not end there. Both government and commercial organizations resort to the help of lawyers, and the scale can be very different - from an enterprise to the world stage. The activities of non-profit organizations are also subject to legal norms, so good lawyers do not remain without work.

Content

Modern professions for girls and men are not very different from each other in the modern world: it is no longer customary to divide work based on gender. However, prestigious women's professions may have unique requirements for candidates: there are functions that are easier for a woman to perform. Work for girls can be intellectual or applied (for example, hairdresser).

What professions are there for girls?

Many lucrative professions have unique requirements, but they can provide stable career growth and high salaries. The following list of areas and specialties is suitable as an interesting job for women:

Makeup. Working as a makeup artist may only require completion of special courses, but for a successful career, knowledge of foreign languages (to become familiar with new trends) and constant professional development will be useful.
Consulting, accounting. For inexperienced people, the job of a secretary is suitable, which is a classic example of a female profession. Those who have completed higher education can work as economists, lawyers, and tourism managers.
Journalism. This field of activity is suitable for young girls with good communication skills. It is a popular destination in many universities in the country.
Technical specialties. Work may involve heavy physical labor, which is unusual for women in professions, or may require great perseverance, the ability to work with your hands, and concentrate. This may include vacancies for seamstresses and machine operators. A high position will not be offered here, but permanent employment is guaranteed.

Highly paid

Specialties with high pay also have high requirements for applicants. Such work can be associated with a large number of stressful situations and difficult working conditions. For girls include:

IT specialist;
senior manager of a store, outlet;
legal advisor;
service quality auditor;
specialist doctor;
logistics expert;
cosmetologist

Promising

Open career opportunities are not available at all jobs. Such vacancies are characterized by great competition, high requirements, and have many directions for climbing the career ladder. The following specialties are considered promising:

pharmacist;
sous chef of the restaurant;
photographer;
choreographer;
machine operator, production line.

Prestigious

Many specialties for girls are often prestigious. There may be a tough selection process for such vacancies, it is difficult to get into them, but the result is worth it. The list of professions for girls looking for a well-paid, interesting, prestigious job is wide:

lawyer;
economist;
medical representative;
interior designer;
clothes designer;
TV or radio presenter;
fitness instructor;

Fashionable

Many courses for girls will help you get into the most fashionable professions. Their key feature is low requirements for education, but increased requirements for communication skills with clients. Interesting professions for women and fashion trends may require obtaining a complete higher education. Among them:

dancer;
singer;
HR manager;
art consultant;
artist;
stylist;
brand manager.

In demand

There are specializations that are just for women or best suited to their psychology. There is not much competition for these vacancies. have a narrow focus and specific working conditions. For example:

nurse;
waitress;
secretary;
conductor;
carrier company dispatcher;
contact center operator;
teacher, educator.

Good jobs for women are often very popular. And girls, when faced with choosing a profession, are guided by whether it is widespread and fashionable. Many popular professions and good jobs for women require the ability to find a common language with a client and attract his attention. The list of current professions will provide a wide choice of areas of activity:

actress;
journalist;
psychologist;
fashion designer;
advertising manager

Professions of the future for girls

In the future, the list of popular professions for women may change. This means that working as an accountant will become unprofitable, and the position of manager in any field will no longer be in such demand. Changes occur due to the inevitability of technological progress, the loss of relevance of many specialties that will be replaced by computer programs. Based on this, we can make a list of types of employment that will be relevant in the near future:

nurse;
alternative energy expert;
breeder;
urbanist;
expert in the field of resolving religious contradictions.

The best professions for girls

Due to certain psychological characteristics and predispositions, women and men have different specializations. The best fields of activity for ladies are considered to be all those related to creativity, and some branches of technical specialties that do not involve heavy physical labor. This category includes humanitarian and creative fields of activity, office work with papers, and all types of consulting that require direct communication with clients.

Creative

Specializations closely related to creativity are better suited for girls due to their greater predisposition to emotional empathy and the ability to correctly convey their own emotions. Among these professions, there are many promising areas for women who have good taste in the field of modeling and art. The fair sex will not remain indifferent to acting. The following creative specializations can be excellent choices for women:

actress;
singer;
fashion designer;
artist;
Art Director;
interior designer.

Technical

The field of activity of many girls is closely related to the production of equipment, work in a factory, setting up equipment responsible for the stable stamping of similar parts. This may include the work of a production operator, a system administrator at a large enterprise, a team leader, or a researcher:

tower crane operator;
machine operator;
research institute employee;
assistant driver;
architect;
IT specialist.

Humanities

Working with documentation, management, operating with laws, translating texts or direct speech, conducting legal consultations requires appropriate knowledge, higher education in the humanities and takes a lot of effort and time. However, a significant part of professions closely related to legal services are occupied by girls. This work requires concentration and may have a strict work schedule, but in return it offers prospects for career growth up to regional managers, directors of an enterprise, a company, or a corporation. It can be:

advocate;
notary;
legal consultant;
simultaneous translation specialist.

Working specialties for women

Women workers are not that uncommon. The list of specializations related to physical labor, but suitable for the fair sex, does not have a large selection. Such areas of employment will offer work immediately after graduating from school or completing specialized courses, graduating from technical schools, or colleges with a shortened program. The standard working day in this area is 12 hours with a 2/2 schedule with rare exceptions. Working girls can be useful in the following areas of activity:

cook;
seamstress;
hairdresser;
housemaid;
driver on public transport;
foreman

Office professions

The office field of activity is considered one of the most suitable for women, as it provides a convenient work schedule, decent wages, great opportunities for career growth, and communication with colleagues who, for the most part, share each other’s interests. This work may not be enjoyable, but it also does not require special skills (for starting positions, learn on the spot). For more serious work you need special education:

secretary;
accountant;
financial director;
HR manager;
marketing specialist.

The fair sex's predisposition to communicate when working with people and their desire for self-expression make them excellent workers in the fields of marketing, art, consulting, simultaneous translation, and journalism. The following areas of employment are considered the most interesting:

Journalism. Processing and collecting information, providing it to a wide audience, communicating with interesting people - all this makes this specialization ideal for girls who crave communication and strive for self-development.
Psychology. The vast majority of women are characterized by obvious empathy and sympathy. Such qualities are inherent in a good psychologist, who is able to put himself in the shoes of another person in order to understand his emotions, help him overcome difficulties, and cope with problems that have piled up.
Stylist, cosmetologist, nutritionist. The ability to take care of oneself and feel beauty is developed much better in girls than in men, so you can complete hairdressing courses. Ladies are excellent stylists, beauty salon workers, fashion designers, and interior designers.

What profession should a girl choose?

The choice of specialization depends on many subjective factors inherent in any person. For women, the key features when choosing a direction of activity are:

Age. In this case, the law has a great influence: it is more difficult for minors to find work even with official permission from their parents. Very young girls are reluctantly hired because they have no work experience. Up to a certain age (up to 22-25 years) it is worth considering the position of a waitress, conductor, or secretary.
Character, way of thinking. Not all representatives of the fair sex are bright empaths. This means that working within a large team can be a burden for them. Closed, calm girls are suitable for positions as seamstresses, operator engineers, IT specialists, and work related to computers. More open - professions of actress, singer, TV or radio presenter, stylist, tourism manager.
Work experience, education. It will not be difficult for a person with extensive experience to change one position to another: employers are always ready to hire a person who is well versed in his work. A person without experience is another matter. Right after school, without experience or education, a girl can get a job as a model, maid, waitress, secretary, or nurse.

After 11th grade

Complete secondary education will allow you to continue your studies in as many educational institutions as possible and choose the most interesting future specialty:

Medical universities. Moscow State Medical University (MSMU) named after. THEM. Sechenov, Russian National Medical Research University (RNMU) named after. N.I. Pirogova – nurse, doctor, pharmacist.
Technical universities. Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI), Russian Chemical Technology University (RKhTU) named after. DI. Mendeleev, Moscow Automobile and Highway Institute (MADI) – machine operator, machinist, chemical technologist, design engineer.
Humanities and law universities.Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO), St. Petersburg State University (SPbSU), Moscow Independent Ecological and Political Science University (MNEPU) – legal consultant, lawyer, accountant, economist.

After 9th grade

Receiving an incomplete secondary education imposes its own restrictions on the list of places of possible further education for girls and boys:

Colleges. Technical, culinary, special.
Courses. Hairdresser, painter, special driver. technicians, maid.

Business ideas for girls

Opening your own business or as a partner is a good example of a successful career start. The following ideas can bring a girl success:

Sales representative of cosmetic companies (Avon, Amway);
hair salon;
maintaining a beauty blog on YouTube;
dancing school;
creative studio for children;
hand-made studio.

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Choosing a profession is a question that everyone faces. From early childhood, a person tries to understand what place he will occupy in adulthood. Some sincerely believed in a career as a firefighter, some wanted to become a ballet actor, and some dreamed of selling sweets to children. Unfortunately or fortunately, not all children's wishes come true. With age comes an understanding: an ideal profession is not only something you love, but also something that is in demand. Today's schoolchildren and applicants must anticipate changes in the labor market. In this regard, you should understand the list of in-demand professions in 2020-2025. It must be capacious and justified - then it will be possible to take advantage of freedom of choice.

What was relevant before

The first professions appeared even before the emergence of civilization. Then among the ancient people it had a clear, specific character. The man's task was to ensure the safety of the "home", women and children. He also had to provide the tribe with food. Women raised children and made sure that the fire in the family hearth always warmed the household. The redistribution of responsibilities appeared when humanity began to change its usual way of life. Nomadic tribes became sedentary, and the development of agriculture began. A profession such as tillage appeared.

The hard physical labor with which people cultivated the land pushed society to invent more convenient devices. A craft appeared. Over time, the specialties of potters and blacksmiths arose - these were professions associated with the future. Dynasties of masters constantly improved their skills, which triggered progress. Ultimately, this led to what are now about forty thousand different professions.

The emergence of narrow specialization

Already in the twentieth century, an urgent need arose for the division of labor. If previously “jacks of all trades” were irreplaceable and in great demand, then in conditions of an overloaded labor market and a constant increase in demand for goods, narrow specialists were needed. The first to understand this was Henry Ford, who divided car production into conventional workshops. Each of them produced a separate part of the general mechanism. People worked where they were more successful. The result was an increase in the output of finished products several times. Ford's example was followed by other major manufacturers, and now every enterprise uses the assembly line method.

How was the progress

In industrial Russia throughout the twentieth century, traditional factory workers were popular; they received good salaries, and young people, wanting to be useful, gladly went to work for large enterprises. However, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, many factories lost their stability. A new era has begun in the labor market - the development of the service sector. Construction developed no less actively - large cities were built up with high-rise buildings. Thus, at the beginning of the 2000s, the professions of a builder, mason, plasterer, as well as managers, waiters, specialists in the restaurant and tourism business and other service workers became new, promising professions.

In 2007, society increasingly wondered what professions would be in demand in 10 years. The applicants understood that their entire subsequent life depended on their choice. Then the ratings of the professions of the future were full of sales managers, marketers, customer service specialists, IT engineers, lawyers, economists and some others. This suggests that at that time the service sector continued to develop and the demand for qualified specialists was constantly increasing. But even then, a development trend in the field of scientific research began.

Scientific development today

Now scientific research has a decisive place. The future development of the country and society depends entirely on the daily achievements of scientists. The peculiarities of scientific development are that there is a clear division of science into several independent disciplines. This allows us to address current issues in more detail. Research and experiments at this stage of human development are aimed primarily at solving environmental problems. Thus, an expert in the field of alternative energy will be in great demand on the labor market in just a few years. The field of medicine is no less important, since prolonging life and improving its quality are paramount issues of our time.

Medical professions

The development of technology allows specialists to constantly improve. However, there is another side to this coin: workers need to improve their skills and undergo retraining programs. Undoubtedly, the results are worth all the effort - because they prolong human life.

The future is theirs

It is easier to present the list of in-demand professions in 2020-2025 as a list:

Surgeon. This specialist must keep up with the times. Thus, already in 2012, an operation was performed to implant a lower jaw implant, which was pre-printed on a 3D printer. Surgeries to implant artificial organs such as kidneys, liver and even heart are well known. The ability to use completely new technologies is the most important skill of a successful specialist of the future.
Healthcare Manager. A representative of this profession will be required to select a team of scientists, engineers, developers and researchers and coordinate their joint work to achieve commercially promising goals.
Medical device architect. This is a symbiosis of the profession of an engineer and a medical worker. This specialist will develop the design of medical equipment, as well as ensure its normal functioning. This profession is also called "bioengineer". Where to study? In universities that have areas of “medical photonics”, “biotechnical and medical devices and systems”, “computer technologies in medical physics”.
Genetic consultant. This is a specialist in the field of genetics who identifies hereditary diseases, determines individual metabolic characteristics and studies diseases that cause viral and bacterial infections.
Molecular nutritionist. The responsibilities of a representative of this profession will include studying the molecular composition of food and developing an individual nutrition plan for each patient.

Industry

In order to understand the question of what professions will be in demand in 10 years, it is necessary to analyze the economic development of the country at the present time. The leading sector of the economy in Russia is industry. This is the most important factor influencing the development of the state. A specialist who has connected his life with this field will never be left without work.

Where to go?

Types of industry:

Food.
Easy.
Chemical.
Mining.
Metallurgy (ferrous and non-ferrous).
Mechanical engineering and metalworking.
Fuel and electricity.
Coal, oil and gas.
Lesnaya.

Thus, industry provides society with everything that is necessary for its normal functioning. The food industry of the future, for example, is developing new varieties of plants that humanity eats. The number of vacancies in industry is always higher than in other industries. In addition, there is a need to optimize production, so, in addition to representatives of blue-collar professions, the work of economists, biologists, and many other specialists will be useful here.

Indispensable in industry

So what are the most in-demand professions in 2020-2025? The list will look like this:

Design engineers, who will design new equipment and invent more modern technology.
Nanotechnologies, whose area of work is cutting-edge nanotechnology.
Chemists, biotechnologists, petrochemists, employed in all branches of the chemical industry: from household chemicals to complex chemicals used in production.
Seamstresses, textile workers, cutters, whose work will always be in demand in
Lumberjacks, mechanics, sawyers, ensuring the correct distribution of forest resources.

Professions in demand in 2020-2025: list for men

Many traditionally male professions have been mastered by women over time. So, now ladies can be not only drivers and bosses, but also politicians, police officers, and installers. But, despite the widespread prevalence of such professions among the fairer sex, some areas are much more suitable for men. These include the professions of a sailor, pilot, miner, lumberjack, plumber, bodyguard, security specialist, firefighter, military man, as well as a builder or scientist. The most promising areas for men are:

Programming.
Design.
Engineering.
Cyberprosthetics.
City farming (organization of production of farm products in a metropolis).
Space industry - spacecraft piloting, cosmogeology and galactic architecture.

It just so happens that more men than women are endowed with a technical mindset. This plays into the hands of the stronger sex: the rapid development of science and industry requires not only an increase in the number of workers, but also the involvement of technical minds. Designing, drawing, planning, organizing and optimizing production require a strong and strong-willed person at the head of the table. Often such positions are occupied by men.

Professions in demand in 2020: list for girls

Representatives of the fair half of humanity are not inferior to the male part of the population. Hard work, punctuality, clarity of action and a non-standard approach distinguish female specialists from the vast majority of male colleagues. Nowadays, the ability to overcome difficulties at work with dignity is also inherent in women. Thus, the areas of work for women are very diverse: from creative professions, in which girls are traditionally considered professionals, to complex technical sciences. This may include the work of a teacher, a marketing, tourism or advertising manager, a realtor, a designer of all kinds, as well as a psychologist and even a security specialist.

The most popular “female” professions in ten years will be the following professions:

Journalist.
Editor.
Nanomedica.
Space tourism manager.
Game teacher (specialist in teaching children through games).
Mind fitness trainer (brain training).

Women will not be left without work. A stable life position, activity, and enterprise, which can easily coexist with tenderness and complaisance, will always be useful in the labor market. Not a single direction is complete without the participation of a woman’s hand. In addition, among the students at the country's leading universities, the vast majority are representatives of the fairer sex. Educated girls are able not only to build a brilliant career, but also to teach important knowledge to their children.

How to choose the ideal profession?

Applicants are faced with a difficult choice: to go to study in the direction in which their heart lies, or to choose an unloved but in-demand profession? Everyone decides this for themselves. However, careerists who are successful in their field advise finding a middle ground. Not a single profession, even the most relevant one in the future, guarantees complete material security. How a person’s future life will turn out depends only on his desire to move and develop within his direction. But do you want to grow in something you don’t love? Definitely not. Therefore, you need to go where it will be interesting to work first, and the rest will follow.

Development of science and technology

The speed of progress is impressive. Literally ten years ago, humanity could not imagine what the science of today would be capable of. Even now it’s hard to believe that implants of vital organs can be printed on a 3D printer, that the space tourism industry not only exists, but is also actively developing. That nanotechnology occupies a leading place in industrial development. It is difficult to imagine what in-demand professions will be in 2020-2025. The list can only be conditional. But one thing is clear: the future cannot manage without qualified specialists. This means you need to learn, develop and work hard on yourself.

Veterinary medicine, working with animals

Pet Protection Agent - Special Rescue Service Inspector. Its mission is to stop cases of cruelty to animals.

An aquarist is a specialist in creating and maintaining closed ecosystems in artificial pools.

A veterinarian is a doctor who treats animals.

A veterinary assistant, as in “big medicine,” is a specialist with a secondary medical education who has the right to make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment.

A groomer is a specialist who specializes in grooming pets (usually dogs and cats).

A trainer is an artist who trains animals to perform in front of an audience.

An animal psychologist is a psychologist specializing in animal behavior.

A dog trainer is a specialist in the education and breeding of dogs. He can work with a variety of breeds, because people live next to fear-inducing bull terriers, calm Labradors, and nervous tiny dogs, which are considered to be sofa dogs.

A taxidermist (from the Greek derma - skin, skin and taxis - preparation, processing) is a specialist in making stuffed animals and birds (stuffed).

Felinologist

A felinologist is a specialist in domestic cats.

In the jewelry business, a gemologist is the “number one figure.” A professional gemologist can easily determine the type of gemstone and its origin, distinguish synthetic analogues and imitation gemstones from natural gemstones.

A surveyor is a specialist in drawing up maps of the area and making calculations necessary to describe the terrain.

Geologist is a specialist in studying the composition and structure of rocks for the purpose of searching and exploring mineral deposits. The profession of a geologist closely combines the solution of production problems and the development of theoretical problems, the study of natural objects and patterns and the assessment of the possibilities of their practical use.

Petroleum geologist is a specialist in the exploration of oil and gas fields, the most important sources of energy of modern civilization.

A geophysicist studies the origin, evolution, structure, properties of the Earth and the processes occurring in it and its shells.

Geochemist is a specialist in geochemistry, geochemical prospecting methods, with knowledge in the field of regional geochemistry, geochemistry of elements and their isotopes. He masters methods of experimental and theoretical modeling of natural processes, methods of instrumental analysis of the chemical composition of natural objects, and determination of the absolute age of minerals and rocks.

Hydrogeologists search for groundwater and study it. Currently, when surface water supplies are polluted, the problem of drinking water quality becomes urgent. So the profession of hydrogeologist is in demand more than ever.

A geological engineer carries out engineering and geological surveys in construction, during the reconstruction of buildings and structures and is responsible for the stability of buildings. Currently, when the construction of buildings and structures is in full swing, this profession is especially important and is in high demand.

The work of a cadastral engineer is associated, first of all, with land surveying, that is, with determining the coordinates of the boundaries of land ownership, implementing boundary plans and preparing all the necessary documents for registering property with the state.

A cartographer is a specialist in drawing up paper and electronic maps.

A surveyor is a specialist in geodetic measurements and markings during exploration of mineral deposits, construction of mining enterprises and underground structures.

Design and applied arts

A guitar maker is a craftsman who builds and repairs guitars.

A graphic designer specializes in designing the environment using graphics. It works with signs, billboards, posters, indexes, signs and diagrams that we see in large numbers around, and also takes care of the readability of the information we need, such as Internet sites, magazines, newspapers, leaflets, book covers and CDs, restaurant menus, product catalogs, business cards, as well as packaging of products, manufactured goods and graphic design of shop windows.

An interior designer is a specialist in creating new projects for a harmonious environment to improve human living conditions.

A clothing designer is a light industry specialist who develops sketches of new clothing models.

Font design is the most inconspicuous and at the same time the most responsible work in the field of graphic design and visual communications. Creating signs that encode and transmit information is a high-class skill.

The visualization designer works in the field of architecture and interior design. But this specialty is also quite often found in the field of graphic design, especially in packaging design studios. The visualization designer develops the project and, in addition to other documentation and drawings, provides the customer with its visualization, made using three-dimensional programs.

The art of beautiful writing, which a calligrapher masters, still finds its connoisseurs.

Landscape designer is a specialist in the artistic organization of gardens, parks, and personal plots.

Layout designer is a master in creating models of existing or planned buildings and structures.

The craft of a doll maker is a game, fine art and handicraft at the same time.

Machine embroidery master is a specialist in working with an embroidery machine.

Wicker weaving is an ancient profession that is experiencing a new flourishing.

Hand embroidery is a type of applied art in which images are made by hand with a needle or crochet.

A mosaic artist is an artist or master of decorative and applied arts who works using the mosaic technique.

An artistic bookbinder is a master bookbinder who creates bindings and covers for books.

From English VIP - Very Important Person. Such a specialist monitors the clothes and shoes of the VIP person who hired him, and also takes care of the dressing room and manages household chores related to the wardrobe.

A glassblower is a craftsman who creates products from heated glass mass using blowing and other techniques.

The job of a technical designer is in many ways similar to the job of a prepress specialist. The only difference is that a prepress specialist often works directly in a printing house, while a technical designer’s workplace is almost always located only in an advertising agency or design studio.

Phytodesigner (Designer – florist)

A phytodesigner is a specialist in landscaping and interior decoration using plant compositions.

An artist of miniature painting is a master of decorating lacquer products in the traditions of folk miniature painting.

A fabric painter is a craftsman who decorates fabric using hand painting.

An enamel painter is an artist who specializes in painting enamel items.

Artist-technologist of the textile and light industry - a specialist responsible for developing the design of fabrics.

Image processing specialist. A color corrector works with various kinds of images; his job is to prepare these images for printing or for publication on a website.

Silk screen printer is a screen printer using the silk screen printing method.

A jeweler is a master of making artistic products, jewelry made of precious metals and stones.

Mining

A driller is a specialist who controls from the surface of the earth the deepening of the bottom of a well, the fastening of rocks on the walls of a well, the creation of a kind of formwork from high-strength pipes and cement mortar, the opening of productive deposits and the creation of an influx of oil and gas, the elimination of complications and accidents. Drilling is the profession of real men.

Conducts blasting operations when opening soil layers, rocks, etc., carries out seismic exploration, delivery of explosive materials, preparation of charges and carrying out blasting operations.

A geologist searches for and evaluates mineral deposits, as well as studies other features of the earth's crust.

There are also professions that are directly related to nature. This job is a mining engineer. Similar occupations include professions such as geologist, geophysicist, hydrologist or mining exploration engineer. Many social needs of people are satisfied thanks to mineral wealth and oil and gas production.

A miner is a worker in the mining industry who is in one way or another connected with the extraction of minerals. These include geologists engaged in prospecting and exploration of deposits, repairmen who service mining equipment, miners working deep underground, and mine rescuers, on whose professionalism the lives of miners who find themselves in difficult situations largely depend.

Livestock and crop production

An agronomist is a specialist in the field of agriculture with comprehensive knowledge in the field of growing and harvesting plants.

Arborist is a tree specialist, a specialist in the care of green spaces.

A forester is a forest protector. Without his help, the forest cannot withstand human carelessness and natural disasters.

A forester is a specialist in forest management, protection and use of forests. Many people call a forester a forester, so here it is: a forester and a forester are two different professions.

A beekeeper is a specialist in breeding bees, keeping them and obtaining bee products.

Engineering

is a specialist responsible for compliance with labor safety standards and regulations in production.

A communications engineer is a specialist responsible for the operation of radio engineering and communications equipment.

A hydraulic engineer is an engineer who specializes in the design or operation of structures for using or protecting against water (hydroelectric power plants, dams, canals, etc.).

A building and structural engineer develops building structures and calculates the load (strength calculations) on all its important and load-bearing parts: foundation, frame, beams, columns, suspended lifting equipment. He works with buildings for various purposes: civil, industrial, warehouse, commercial, their designs can also be different: reinforced concrete, metal, wood, stone. The design engineer also prepares design documentation and drawings.

Design engineer - an engineer who develops diagrams and detailed plans for structures.

Design engineer for ventilation, heating, water supply and sewerage

This design engineer works with external and internal water supply, sewerage and heating systems, fire extinguishing, smoke removal, underfloor heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems for residential, public and industrial buildings, and also designs boiler rooms.

The design engineer of low-current systems works with communication networks, this can be television, radio, telephone, intercom, as well as with video surveillance and alarm systems (security, fire), access control and management systems, CCTV system, public address system, clock system ( time synchronization throughout the entire facility) and other cable systems for civil buildings and industrial structures.

This specialist works with power supply systems, internal and external, of different types of voltage (high, medium, low), with distribution and transformer substations.

An energy engineer is a specialist who is involved in the development, production and operation of heat and energy supply systems.

Metrologist is a specialist in monitoring the accuracy of measuring equipment.

Marine engineer - an engineer who specializes in the construction of ships, their engineering components or their maintenance.

A patent specialist is a specialist in filing applications for registration of inventions.

Radio mechanic - a specialist in the repair of television and radio receivers, electronic equipment.

Radio engineer is a specialist in the assembly, configuration, testing and operation of radio systems and devices.

A roboticist is a specialist in the development and maintenance of robots.

A quality expert examines the quality of goods as well as the raw materials from which these goods are made.

An electrician is a specialist in the installation, repair and maintenance of electrical equipment and electrical circuits.

Information technology (IT)

is a 3D graphics professional who customizes computer characters for game animation and ensures the movement of hand-drawn models and objects. To put it in a high style, the art of a 3D animator is to breathe soul into a character and create a living, animated world around.

3D-Generalist

3D Generalist is a generalist who has accumulated knowledge and advanced skills in the field of creating 3D graphics.

Engaged in the creation, updating, and improvement of mobile applications and software for smartphones, tablets, e-readers, game consoles and other devices running on the Android operating system.

is a specialist involved in the development, maintenance, and testing of embedded software.

ERP consultant (consultant on the implementation of ERP systems) is a specialist in the implementation and adjustment of enterprise planning systems.

An ERP programmer is a specialist who ensures the functioning of the ERP system. ERP programmers work in consulting companies or in the IT departments of large companies, for example, banks, trading enterprises.

is a cartoonist who creates animation products using the program Macro Media Flash, which allows you to create animated videos, games, banners, icons, screensavers.

Front-end developer(from English “front-end developer”) is a programmer who develops the user interface, that is, the external public part of the site in the browser. The main task of a front-end developer is to make user interaction with a website or web application as convenient as possible.

Game developer or gamedev- a specialist involved in the creation of program code, visualization and concept of the game, as well as the selection of tools for implementing the assigned tasks.

Engaged in the creation of games, software, interfaces and updates for devices created under the Apple brand (iPad, iPod, iPhone, Watch).

An IT evangelist is a specialist responsible for promoting software products.

QA-engineer- Quality Assurance engineer (Quality Assurance literally means “quality assurance”) is a specialist in functional testing of software at the development stage. Its activities are aimed at improving the software development process, preventing defects and identifying errors in the product. In practice, it is sometimes mistakenly believed that a QA engineer and a software tester are one and the same. In fact, a software tester is engaged in testing ready-made software, and a QA engineer is working on developing testing processes

SEO-specialist(from English SEO - Search Engine Optimization) carries out search engine optimization of sites.

Web Analyst- an IT specialist who collects and analyzes various information about website visitors in order to improve the efficiency of the web resource.

A Web designer is a person with artistic taste and knowledge of Internet technologies who creates Web pages and combines them into Web sites. The main task of a web designer is to design an Internet project so that as many users as possible are interested in it.

A web programmer is a specialist in the field of computer technology, namely web programming. Designed to bring web designers' projects to life, creating a functioning website. A programmer is not a profession, but a calling.

A database administrator is a specialist who maintains databases.

Site administrators are responsible for maintaining the functionality of the site and ensuring network security, managing the placement, updating, and moderation of content.

is a virtual reality architect, a specialist who creates a new virtual space.

is an experienced technical specialist who manages a whole group of employees. He is involved in choosing technology for storing data, creating and optimizing queries, drawing up a development plan and technical specifications for subordinates, can design and optimize the database, and monitors the security of the database.

Back-end developer(from English back-end (back side) developer) — This is a specialist who deals with the software and administrative part of a web application, the internal content of the system, server technologies - database, architecture, program logic.

(game designer, game design) is a game creator in the broad sense of the word. He can be called a game producer, responsible for the game design of the project.

An e-sportsman is a participant in computer video games.

This is a specialist in developing the structure of a corporate software system, its design and monitoring the progress of implementation. He makes decisions on the internal design and external interface of the software, checking the project requirements and existing resources.

As a specialist, a link manager is considered a link between the optimizer andweb-master, performing most of the routine work associated with large amounts of information.

is a specialist who develops software applications for various mobile devices: tablets, smartphones. The profession is currently the most fashionable, promising and in demand. After all, it is in the field of mobile development that such interesting new products as voice and gesture interfaces have appeared.

Forum moderator

The forum moderator is responsible for the work of the forum, answers questions from visitors, acts as a censor (monitors the behavior of forum participants, suppresses attempts at incorrect or obscene statements or advertising messages).

REA installer is a specialist in the installation of radio-electronic equipment.

A programmer is a specialist who develops algorithms and computer programs based on special mathematical models.

A 1C programmer must have all the qualities inherent in a classic programmer: patience and endurance in the process of developing and debugging a program, the ability to quickly adapt to new things, and responsibility. Since a 1C programmer works in the field of accounting, he needs such personal qualities as balance, stress resistance, logical thinking and perseverance.

Specializes in the development of web applications, desktop and cross-platform applications, games, cloud services, applications for devices running on the Windows Phone mobile OS, and other software products.

is a specialist who creates applications of varying complexity using the oldest programming language. He not only writes program code, but also deals with implementation, testing, Russification of programs, and code modification.

Ruby programmers- These are specialists who have extensive experience, technical knowledge, and use a dynamic programming language. Developers use this language to create websites, web interfaces, corporate applications, and software.

- a specialist who develops and improves ways for Internet users to interact with an IT product, creating its attractive interface and appearance. That is, a product designer does everything to ensure that the IT product is profitable, and that using the application or website is convenient, understandable and easy for users.

Database Developer is a specialist who creates databases, debugs them, modernizes them, and maintains them.

A system administrator is a specialist in servicing computers and local computer networks.

A systems analyst, in a broad sense, is a specialist in solving complex organizational and technical problems of an interdisciplinary nature, using systems analysis methods.

- a specialist who sets up and maintains internal computer networks, office equipment and PCs, he also trains employees and helps them use the software.

A systems programmer hardly deals with application programs that make life easier for users. Its task is to build a multi-level structure that will unite individual components into modules, and the modules into a single computer organism or computer network.

Information security specialists are directly involved in the creation of an information security system, its audit and monitoring, analyze information risks, develop and implement measures to prevent them.

Engaged in the creation, support and promotion of various information resources (Internet projects).

is engaged in the development, maintenance and implementation of various information systems.

Software Tester(from the English test - test, check) is a specialist who tests software and controls its quality.

Team lead- this is not an honorable completion of the IT career ladder from junior to senior. This is just the beginning of truly understanding where you want to go next.

(or “usability specialist”) researches, analyzes and improves the user interface of web resources in order to create a more “user-friendly” interface, and ultimately to achieve high conversions and increase sales rates.

Arts (music, theater, cinema, visual arts)

An actor is a professional performer of diverse roles in plays, films, commercials, and video clips.

A make-up artist is a master who masters the art of transforming an actor’s appearance using paints, stickers and other tricks.

The theater, film and television playwright creates the literary basis for future productions. In cinema and TV he is also called a screenwriter. Only a good script can make a good movie. And only the best plays outlive their creators for a long time.

A sound engineer is a specialist in sound recording and sound processing.

A sound engineer is a specialist responsible for the sound design of a film, television, radio program or show.

An icon painter (isographer, image painter, icon scribe) is a painter who specializes in creating icons.

A projectionist is a film demonstrator in a cinema.

A cinematographer is a very important specialist in the field of film shooting, who usually lives in the shadow of the director's fame, while doing the colossal work necessary to shoot a film, not just from the technical, but especially from the artistic side.

A film producer is a specialist in administrative and financial support for the creation of a film.

Film director

A film director is a director who directs the production of a film.

A costume designer is a specialist responsible for storing and preparing costumes in a theater, film studio, etc.

A location manager is involved in finding and preparing locations for filming a film or television show.

Producer

A producer is a person in the entertainment industry who manages creative, financial, technological and other processes.

An editing director is a specialist who combines the footage of a film or television program into a coherent work.

A production director is the head of a creative team working on the creation of a film, play or show.

A sculptor is an artist who creates sculptures, that is, works of volumetric-spatial form, three-dimensional and tangible.

A television producer is a person involved in the creation of specific television programs and is responsible for the broadcast policy of the channel as a whole.

A photographer is a person or specialist who creates photographs using a camera and special equipment for printing them. A photographer is a person who captures the beautiful moments of life.

A costume designer in film, theater and television creates clothing for characters. He helps actors in their transformation.

The production designer creates a visual solution for the film, which helps to reveal the director's intention and gives the desired emotional mood.

Cooking, food industry

A winemaker is a specialist in creating recipes for wines and cognacs. He comes up with the composition of drinks and monitors compliance with the technology.

The taster is a specialist in sensory analysis. It determines the quality of a product (tea, wine, etc.) by taste and smell.

A confectioner is a master of making sweets.

Blender is an employee responsible for mixing raw materials in a certain proportion to obtain the best taste. Blenders are generally thought to work with wine. But winemaking is only one of the options for this profession.

Boner - a worker in the meat industry, a specialist in separating meat from bones.

A baker is a specialist in baking bread and baked goods.

A brewer is a specialist in brewing technology.

Pizza maker or pizzaiolo is the name given to a pizza maker.

A cook is a food preparation specialist. A good cook is sometimes called a wizard, because he can cook a real masterpiece from the most ordinary products that will bring joy and pleasure to people.

Remuer is a master at shaking bottles of maturing champagne. The profession is rare, but very important in winemaking.

A catering technologist is a specialist in the development, production and quality control of culinary and confectionery products at catering establishments.

Light industry

Knitter of knitwear - specialist in working with a knitting machine

Cutter (cutter) is a specialist in cutting materials for the manufacture of clothing, shoes and other textile and leather products.

Skinner - a leather and fur craftsman responsible for cleaning skins from subcutaneous tissue, remaining fat, meat, etc.

A fashion designer is a specialist in the development of new models of clothing, shoes, hats, and accessories.

A furniture assembler is a specialist in assembling and disassembling different types of furniture.

A shoe assembler is a craftsman, a shoemaker, who creates finished shoes, boots and footwear from individual parts.

Furrier is a master of dressing hides for fur and sewing fur products.

A weaver (weaver) is a master who produces fabrics on a loom.

Linguistics, communications

A librarian is a specialist in servicing library visitors and processing information about library collections.

A blogger keeps a personal diary (blog) on the Internet or writes on behalf of an organization. Most often, a blog is dedicated to a specific topic.

A video blogger is a person. who takes a video and posts it online

The announcer (from the Latin “dictor” - “speaking”) reads informational, political, artistic or advertising texts at a microphone for recording or live broadcast.

A linguist (linguist) is a specialist in linguistics (linguistics, linguistics), whose subject of research is the history of the formation and development of languages, their structure and characteristic features.

Translator is a general concept of specialists involved in translating spoken or written speech from one language to another.

A translator is a specialist with a higher linguistic education who is able to translate a phrase from one language to another without losing its meaning.

A polygraph examiner is a person who professionally provides lie detector (polygraph) testing services.

A profiler is an expert in detecting lies. Such a specialist can assess and predict a person’s behavior by analyzing his actions, facial expressions, gestures and the way he speaks.

The simultaneous translator begins to translate the phrase even before it is said to the end. This is the most difficult type of interpretation.

A sign language interpreter (also known as a fingerprint translator) is a specialist in translating oral speech into sign language and vice versa.

Logistics, warehouse, foreign trade

A warehouse manager is a specialist who manages the operation of a warehouse and is personally responsible for its functioning.

Storekeeper - a warehouse employee who keeps records of material assets.

Logistician is a specialist involved in monitoring and managing the movement of inventory, organizing a rational process for promoting goods and services from supplier to consumer.

Foreign trade manager is a specialist who manages the export or import of foreign goods.

A purchasing manager is a specialist who purchases goods from suppliers on the most favorable terms for his company.

The customs clearance manager prepares, checks and approves documents for customs clearance of goods.

Foreign trade specialist - oversees all operations related to the foreign economic activities of the company.

Specialist in customs clearance of cargo (cars) - deals with the preparation of documents for cars arriving from abroad.

A customs broker is a participant in foreign economic activity, selected by the declarant (customer) to provide intermediary services for customs clearance of goods, payment of customs duties, etc., as well as transportation vehicles.