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What to build a house in the garden. Do-it-yourself country house - a simple step-by-step instruction for stylish summer houses (75 photos)

Having bought your plot outside the city and decided to build a summer house on it, you will face many questions related to the choice of layout, selection of suitable materials and construction. However, you have one advantage - a small summer house is much easier to build with your own hands than a solid mansion with a complex layout. Thanks to our tips and step-by-step guides, you can build your own house by choosing the right photo of the future building on the net. Such a house will become any vacation spot for the whole family and will not require significant financial investments from you in its construction.

Features and differences of the flight house

As a rule, a summer house is a compact one-story building or a building with an attic floor. Nevertheless, even a small summer cottage should have all the conditions for a comfortable pastime - a kitchen, rooms, a veranda, and preferably water supply with sewerage. As for the bathroom and shower, when building a country house, which is designed for living in the warm season, you can get by with a separate restroom and a summer shower on the site.

Unlike a full-fledged country house, inexpensive and lightweight building materials are usually used for the construction of a summer house, which can be assembled by hand without the involvement of construction equipment. Another advantage of using such materials is the ability to equip a shallow, light foundation. So you can save both on materials and on the volume of earthworks.

Tip: for the construction of summer houses, wood is the best material. Installation is best done using frame technology.

Country house project

On the net you can find a lot of photos of country houses, from where it becomes clear that this building can have completely different dimensions, design and layout. The choice of one or another option depends on the size of the suburban area, the number of people who will live in the house, financial capabilities.

If you look at the planning schemes of summer houses, you can see that their dimensions usually do not exceed 5x6 m or 6x4 m. Larger houses are built for the purpose of year-round use.

When designing and building a country house with your own hands, you should consider its proper fit on the site. When choosing a place for a house, the following regulatory gaps should be observed:

The building should be located at a distance of at least 3 meters from the border of the territory of neighbors. From the border of the site, which runs along the street or driveway, the house should be located at a distance of at least 5 meters.
It is also worth observing fire breaks from residential buildings in neighboring areas. These gaps depend on the materials from which both buildings are made. So, between two stone houses it is worth observing a gap of 6 m, between a stone and a wooden house - 10 m, between two wooden houses the distance should be at least 15 m.
Distances from outbuildings on your site to the house being built are not standardized.

Most often, a one-story building project with a veranda or terrace is chosen as a summer house, on which it is very pleasant to relax on quiet summer evenings. The veranda or terrace can be open or closed. Under the roof of a one-story house, an attic space is set up, which can be used to store country utensils, garden tools, etc.

If the plot area does not allow for a larger structure, and in a small one-story house it is not possible to carve out enough space for all family members, then a summer house with an attic floor will be the best option. In the photo on the network you can see how beautiful and proportionally such houses look. At the same time, on the ground floor, you can equip the kitchen and living room, and allocate the attic floor for bedrooms for all family members.

Some owners of country houses dream of making a fireplace in it. This product will not only create a cozy family atmosphere on a quiet evening, but also heat the room on cool nights, which sometimes happen even in summer.

Tip: if you decide to make a fireplace with your own hands, keep in mind that you need to lay a good foundation under it. You can lay out a refractory brick fireplace, but it is very difficult to do it yourself. But to install a metal factory fireplace is quite realistic.

Material selection

At the stage of choosing a layout, it is worthwhile to select in advance the materials from which the construction will be carried out. To build a summer house, you can use the following products:

The traditional material for the construction of a country house is wood. It is environmentally friendly, easy to process and install, affordable price. In addition, wood walls create a favorable microclimate in the room, regulating humidity and saturating the air with healing phytoncides. A wooden house can be built from timber, logs or sheet materials using frame technology. The only drawback of such buildings is their increased fire hazard.

Important: in order to protect a wooden building from fire, rot and damage by insects, materials must be treated with special impregnations (antiseptics and flame retardants).

A country house built of brick will cost much more, but it will turn out to be more durable and durable. However, if heating is carried out in such a house or a stove is built in it, then the building can be used even in winter. The process of building a brick house is longer and requires you to have the appropriate skills, although if you wish, such a structure is also easy to build on your own.
A cheaper alternative to brick can be foam blocks and gas blocks. In addition to an acceptable price, this material has a low specific gravity, which facilitates its transportation and installation. A gas-block house is warm enough, but it needs external cladding to protect the walls from moisture, since the material is quite hygroscopic. Subject to the arrangement of the heating system in such a house, you can also live in the winter.

Separately, it is worth talking about the materials for arranging the foundation. Their choice depends on the design of the walls, the type of foundation, geological and climatic conditions in the construction region. If we are building a house from piece stone materials (brick, foam blocks or gas blocks), then it is better to choose brick, concrete or reinforced concrete for arranging the foundation. So:

Under a brick house, you will have to make a recessed monolithic strip foundation made of reinforced concrete. This is the most expensive option for arranging the base. The depth of the foundation footing must be below the freezing point of the soil.
For walls made of light materials (aerated concrete, foam blocks and wood), it is possible to equip a shallow strip foundation made of monolithic reinforced concrete, a columnar foundation made of concrete, stone, factory blocks, steel pipes or processed logs.
On heaving soils and when building on a slope, it is advisable to make a base on screw piles. They are made of steel pipes with a helical blade at the end. Pipes can be screwed into the ground manually. Depth of laying - below the freezing point.

As for the materials for arranging the roof, they are no different from those used in the construction of a traditional residential building. Wooden beams are used for the rafter system, the lathing is made of boards or OSB (in the case of laying soft roofing material). The roof covering can be made of corrugated board, metal tiles, rolled flexible tiles, slate, etc.

Construction technology

Since the most inexpensive country house will be a frame building on a columnar base, we will describe step by step how to build such a house with our own hands.

After preparing the site and completing the markup, we dig holes for the poles. It is worth noting that the pillars are made under all external and internal load-bearing walls with equal spacing (1-1.5 m). The dimensions of the column depend on the material from which it will be made. Brick pillars for a frame house can be 380x380 mm in size.
After digging holes to a mark below the freezing point of the soil, a sand cushion is made at the bottom. A layer of sand 10 cm high is wetted with water and carefully compacted.
Then, pillars of the required height are laid out of brick using cement mortar. The outer surface of the columns is plastered.
On the upper horizontal surface of the pillars, waterproofing is carried out from two layers of roofing material.
Next, strapping beams (beam 150x15 mm) are laid on the pillars. In the corners, they are fastened together and fixed to the poles with anchors or steel brackets.
We fasten logs to the strapping beams with an equal step (70 cm).
Next, we mount the frame of the walls. It can be collected on the ground and lifted onto a beam or erected directly on the harness. The second option is more suitable for self-fulfillment. For the frame, it is worth taking bars with a section of 50x150 mm. In the corners of the house, double bars are installed to increase rigidity.
We mount the vertical racks of the frame at the location of window and door openings, as well as along the entire plane of the walls with equal spacing.
After that, the upper strapping beam is mounted. Horizontal beams of the frame are fixed above the window and door openings. In the corners of the house, to increase the rigidity of the frame, oblique struts are mounted on both sides.
Now the frame of the house is sheathed with sheet material (OSB, chipboard, moisture-resistant plywood) or clapboard. In the space between the two layers of sheathing (inside the frame), it is worth laying heat-insulating material (mineral wool, basalt insulation, extruded polystyrene foam).
Let's move on to the construction of the floor. We attach subfloor boards to the lags on the underside. On top of them, bending around the logs, we lay a waterproofing membrane. Then we put a heater in the gap between the lags. After that comes a layer of vapor barrier and finishing floor boards.
We install floor beams above the vertical racks of the wall frame. For a snug fit, grooves are cut at their edges. Beams are additionally fixed to the frame with steel corners.
Now we are installing the truss system. We fasten the extreme pairs of rafter legs on the ground and mount them on the walls as gables. We connect these pairs of rafters with a ridge beam. After that, you can mount the remaining pairs of rafter legs and install them with equal spacing, connecting them to the strapping beams and ceilings.
Next, a vapor barrier film is spread over the rafters. It is fixed with staples and slats of the counter-lattice on the rafters.
Next, the crate is performed and the roofing material is laid.

Dacha is an outlet, a favorite hobby for people living in the city. The construction of garden houses is not only a technological process, but also a special ritual, which is carefully prepared for.

The project of a finished frame garden house with a veranda

More often, a house needs to be placed on a limited one, so compactness, convenience, a thoughtful approach to all details plays a significant role when choosing a project.

Based on the analysis of the wishes of customers for summer cottages, the designers have developed many standard projects. The line includes inexpensive options for a very type of change houses. , for placement on small, frame, panel buildings.

Project and layout of the first floor and attic of a typical wooden structure for a summer cottage

For suburban homestead territories with a larger area, projects of cottages from 100 to 200 sq.m., including attic type.

But before choosing a project, adapting it to the site, you need to take into account the legal norms for the construction of country houses. Formally, a permit for the construction of a garden house in partnership with the intended use is not required. But if you need to register a building, get an address, that is, transfer it to the status of individual housing construction, difficulties will arise.

Sample application form for obtaining a building permit for a garden building

Construction of a frame-panel house

The high speed of construction, the good performance of frame structures made them popular.

Their main advantages:

The supporting structure of the frame garden structure is made of wood.

Construction sequence

Start with site preparation. It is leveled, cleaned of debris, uprooted plants. Then they make a bedding out of sand, crushed stone, tamp it down.

Install the foundation, the lower close-fitting of the house. , suitable roofing material. Install vertical racks, starting from the corners of the building.

They are fixed with an upper strapping belt. The design is reinforced with slopes.

The process of assembling the frame for panel garden housing

Then install step by step:

The last step is assembly and .
All wooden elements of the frame structure are made only from dry wood (within 12% humidity).

They are impregnated with agents that prevent the penetration of moisture, antiseptics.

Construction of a house from a bar

Somewhat more expensive. Their advantage is that they do not require additional external finishing. The bar is an environmentally friendly material.
There are three types of timber:

Installation scheme, the sequence is similar. Wall mounting is different. The numbered timber is the elements of a wooden house constructor. Wall crowns are successively laid out of them. They are connected to each other with wooden fasteners (dowels). In parallel with the assembly of the outer walls, the inner ones are assembled by inserting the elements of the partitions into the grooves of the outer structures.

Scheme of connecting the beam with dowels

After acquiring a suburban area for a summer residence, the question of how to build a country house with your own hands becomes relevant. Well, to build it yourself is quite possible, unless, of course, a huge “palace” is conceived, requiring the involvement of construction equipment and a team of professionals.

Usually compact buildings are chosen for summer cottages, but, nevertheless, the house must have everything necessary for rest - rooms, kitchen, veranda. The latter will become a favorite place for an evening pastime all family. It is very important to make the country house cozy and comfortable, so you need to think through all the nuances of its arrangement.

The optimal material for summer cottage construction is wood, and the principle of construction is a frame structure.

Of course, the first thing that will need to be done is to decide on the place and size of the building, draw up a project, and plan further work.

Proe kt of a small country house

The size of the future home largely depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe summer cottage, the number of family members and the material capabilities of the owners. If you plan correctly, draw up a successful project and choose an inexpensive but high-quality material for construction, you can save space, money and time.

In any case, the first steps are drafting

Most often, a country house has a size of 5.0 × 6.0 or 4.0 × 6.0 m. Buildings of a larger area are erected much less frequently, and, mainly, in those cases when they are planned to be operated year-round. But this is more likely to be not a country house, but a full-fledged country house.

The layout of the location of the house may have to be carried out on the basis of requirements that may be established by the board of the gardening partnership, therefore, when purchasing, you need to find out about such nuances in advance. Most often, the following distances are required:

The house should be installed at a distance of 3 meters from the border of the neighboring site, and from the fence separating the site from the general passage (street) - at 5 meters.
In order to ensure fire safety, a stone house is placed at a distance of at least six meters from another stone structure, and ten meters from a wooden one. If the house is wooden, then it should be installed at a distance of no closer than 15 meters from another wooden structure.
So that the house does not cover neighboring buildings from sunlight, if it is placed on the eastern, southern or western side of the site, it is located at a distance from another residential building, at least equal to its height.

Usually, the highest is chosen for the installation of a country house. place in the area where water will not collect when snow melts or from heavy rains. High humidity under the house will never benefit any building material, but it will always negatively affect the overall strength and durability of the structure.

Most often, the following technologies for its construction are chosen for the construction of country houses: frame-panel construction, log cabins, walls made of blocks or bricks.

For summer cottages, projects of one-story houses with closed or open verandas or terraces are mainly chosen. Often the building has an attic used to store garden tools and other things that seem unnecessary in everyday life, but which can always come in handy in the country. However, it also happens that in some projects there are no attic floor beams at all, and then the roof slopes also play the role of a ceiling.

If the family is large, and the area of \u200b\u200bthe plot is not as large as we would like, then you can plan a two-story house that takes up very little space at the base. In this case, the first floor can be given over to the living room, terrace and kitchen, and on the second floor - to arrange cozy sleeping places for the whole family.

Not necessarily in a country house, to build a full-fledged second floor, since an attic superstructure can perfectly fulfill its role. Having finished it with natural materials, you can create a wonderful healthy country atmosphere there.

Country houses are mainly used in the warm season, starting with the arrival of spring and ending in autumn. Therefore, they do not require enhanced insulation of walls and roofs, but devices for space heating should still be provided - in case of cold nights or a drop in temperature during unstable weather. Usually, electrical appliances are used as heaters, for example, convectors or infrared film emitters, but sometimes owners even prefer to install fireplaces or cast-iron heating and cooking stoves.

By the way, if the construction of a real fireplace or a brick oven is planned, then they must be included in the draft project.

There are also ready-made options for country houses, which are sold as a set in disassembled form, which you just need to deliver to the site and assemble. Any such set of parts must be accompanied by detailed instructions that set out the procedure for carrying out work, the main technological methods and the connection diagrams of individual elements and assemblies.

For land owner, who has basic construction skills, it will not be difficult to assemble such a country house on your own. The main advantage of this option can be called the fact that often the kit already includes everything necessary for the electrical network of the building, for its ventilation system, and even for the installation of water supply.

Video: a small, neat country house that lives up to its name

What type of house to choose?

Having decided on a rough plan for the future house, you need to choose the material for its construction. Not only the type of the building itself will depend on this choice, but also the comfort of staying in it, as well as the costs of its construction.

The traditional material for a country house is wood, which will create a favorable microclimate in it, filling it with the smells of the forest. A wooden house can be built in a frame way, from timber or logs. The disadvantage of wooden buildings is the high fire hazard of the material.

However, wooden houses have always been built, and many of them have stood for centuries. Today, special fire-retardant impregnations are on sale, which significantly reduce the risk of fire in wooden buildings. And in general - the most important thing here is not the material, but the human factor - it is the neglect of the elementary requirements of fire safety by people in the vast majority of cases that causes a fire.

The construction of a brick structure will cost much more, but it can with great reason be called a full-fledged house, which can be used not only in the summer, but also, if necessary, in the winter, if you install a stove in it. Brick buildings are much less prone to fire and, with high-quality masonry, will last a very long time. Their disadvantages include a more complex and lengthy construction process, requiring special skills, and a high price for materials.

Very often, when building a country house, different materials are used. For example, a house is built of wood, but on a foundation of concrete, brick or blocks.

This option can be called optimal, since the foundation of moisture-resistant materials will create optimal conditions for the construction of wood walls, thus becoming a reliable foundation for the house.

It is this last option that is worth considering, since it is the most popular of all types of country houses.

Stages of building a country house

Materials for building a country house

If there is no desire to mess around with calculations, then it is better to purchase a prefabricated model of a house that has a certain area, for which you will only need to prepare a place.

In all other cases, you will need to purchase building materials. Their type, size, volume, total number - all depending on the size of the planned building, which is determined by the project.

Prices for various types of timber

foundation material

For any type of foundation you will need the following materials:

- sand, gravel, cement;

- third-rate board and timber for formwork;

- brick or concrete blocks;

- waterproofing material (roofing material);

- expanded clay of the middle fraction.

Wall and roof material

Since wood was chosen for the construction of walls, then, based on this, other materials will be selected:

- bars and boards of different sizes, depending on the design parameters;

- fasteners - nails, screws, bolts, studs;

- corners of different configurations, metal plates - for fastening knots;

- vapor barrier film;

- insulation - mineral wool, ecowool or expanded clay;

- to cover the roof, it is better to choose a light material - ondulin or corrugated board.

After the installation site of the future house is determined, the materials are purchased, you can proceed to the arrangement of the foundation. True, to begin with, you still have to decide on its type.

The foundation of a country house

Even when building such a small and light building as a wooden country house, you can’t do without a foundation. In the case under consideration, one of two types is ideally suited for this purpose - this is a columnar and strip foundation. Which one to choose depends on the preferences of the builder.

The columnar foundation will be a less expensive option, as it will allow you to seriously save on building materials. In addition, such a foundation can be completed independently, without outside help, which will also save some money.

How to build correctly, you can find out with all the details by following this link to the corresponding page of our portal.

To create a strip foundation, you will need not only more materials, but also a fairly long time. This is not surprising - a trench will need to be dug around the entire perimeter of the future house, waterproof it, install the reinforcing structure, build the formwork and fill the pit with concrete. And after that, whether you like it or not, it will also take a month to completely solidify the filled tape and set it to brand strength.

However, the strip foundation is still very popular among individual developers. This option is convenient in that it allows you to make a basement under the house, however, for this, the foundation walls will have to be raised above the soil surface by 700 ÷ 800 mm. described in detail in the article, which can be found on our portal by clicking on the link provided.

If a columnar foundation is chosen, then it is recommended to remove the top layer of soil by 150 ÷ 200 mm from the site, which will be located under the house and around it by 500 ÷ 600 mm. Then fill in the resulting pit with a layer of sand of 30 ÷ 40 mm, which should be compacted. A layer is laid on top of the sand cushion medium fraction crushed stone and is also compacted, and the remaining space must be covered with expanded clay of the middle fraction. All these procedures are done so that small rodents cannot get close to the house. They do not tolerate expanded clay (especially small ones), as it contains a large amount of dust and has a loose surface.

Expanded clay of small fraction - an excellent remedy for rodents

To protect the house from the penetration of large rodents or other uninvited guests from the animal world, it is advisable to close the space under the house with a metal mesh with cells no larger than 10 mm.

Construction of a frame structure

For a country house, the best choice is a frame structure

The frame house can be placed both on a columnar and on a strip foundation. Construction always starts from the foundation, which must be securely waterproofed two or three layers of laid roofing material.

If the project provides for a veranda, you must immediately separate its zone, over which a roof will be erected, but there will be no solid walls. To support the roof over the veranda, you can use the racks of the general frame of the walls. Another option - veranda will be attached to the house separately.
Without exception, all wooden blanks must be treated with antiseptic compounds and fire retardants. These impregnations will increase the resistance of wood to fire, to decay, will prevent the appearance of nests of insects or colonies of representatives of microflora - mold or fungus.

After the blanks have been properly prepared and completely dry, during construction, the lower frame (crown) is first made, which will be laid on the foundation and will subsequently be used to mount the floor.

For the floor to be reliable, for the frame it is necessary to take high-quality bars of the desired section. If funds allow, it is better to choose wooden elements not according to the “lower limit” of sizes, but by laying a certain margin in their cross section.

The table shows the optimal dimensions of a timber for a frame house:

The support beams of the frame are mounted on coronal bars located along the perimeter of the foundation, at a distance of 600 ÷ 700 mm from each other. They are fixed with the help of corners or by tie-in. If the elements are large in cross section, they can additionally be fastened with metal brackets.

When the lower trim with support beams is ready, wall frames are made. They can be assembled separately, and then, in finished form, are lifted and fixed to the frame strapping bars.

Another option is to lift the frame directly in place. For example, if a house is being built on its own, without assistants, then it will be very difficult to lift the finished frame from the shade alone to the height of the strapping, set it evenly and temporarily, until it is finally fixed, fix it. And this means that each of the bars will have to be set separately.

The size of the bars for the racks of the wall frame should be at least 100 × 100 mm, but it can also be mounted from boards with a cross section of at least 50 × 150 mm.

The bars are fixed to the lower harness with the help of powerful corners that are able to keep them in a vertical position. It is best to use not nails, but a self-tapping screw for fastening - the difference in price is not so significant, but the quality and reliability of the assembly is incomparably higher.

When installing vertical racks, you must immediately mark the location of the openings for windows and doors. It is best to leave the area where they should be installed in the frame free, and install the part of the wall with the window opening separately.

Then, when the upper strapping bar is installed and fixed on all other vertical racks, the section with the window opening is fixed in the place left for it.

All four walls are assembled in the same way. At the corners, the side posts are fastened together with corners, or instead of two separate ones, one common corner post is mounted. It is recommended to support it with diagonal braces on both sides - they will stiffen the entire wall structure.

The doorway is equipped in the frame immediately. It is reinforced with an additional rack, since the hinged door has a certain weight, which must be calmly supported by both the reinforced opening and the entire wall frame.

If it is planned to sheathe the frame on the outside with clapboard, then the next step is to carry out this event. Sheathing will give the structure additional rigidity, which will allow you to continue the installation of the attic floor and

The installation of the floor can be carried out immediately after the outer wall cladding, but only if the roof is covered with a roof on the same day. It is highly undesirable for a freshly laid floor covering to get wet if it suddenly rains at night. Therefore, it is better to solve the issue with the roof first, and then calmly deal with all other construction activities inside the house.

Roof construction and roofing

Types of truss systems

A few words need to be said about the types of truss systems, since, moving on to the construction of the roof, you need to have a general idea about this, to know which design is better to choose.

Rafter systems are of two types - hanging and layered.

Hanging system

The hanging truss system is distinguished by the fact that it is arranged only on external load-bearing walls and does not have other supports. It is perfect for erecting over a small country house. In order to lighten the load on the wooden walls and on the foundation, the hanging rafters are fastened with a puff.

The hanging structure itself consists of a transverse beam, which also performs an overlapping function, and can simultaneously be a frame for filing the ceiling, as well as rafter legs that form the roof slopes.

Layered system

The layered system is installed if the house, in addition to external walls, has internal capital partitions that will become additional points of support. Such a scheme can also be used in the construction of the roof of a country house, if it has a large area and its rooms are separated by walls built on a foundation.

With this system, the load on the load-bearing side walls becomes weaker, so fewer retaining elements can be used. It is great for attic structures that will be used as living quarters.

floor beams

An important structural element - floor beams

The beams are laid exactly above the vertical posts of the wall frame. In order for them to fit snugly on the upper strapping belt, grooves are cut at their edges. The size of the grooves can be calculated based on the formula shown in the figure.

Beams are fixed to the frame structure of the walls with nails or self-tapping screws, and in addition they are sometimes fixed on both sides with metal corners.

Having completed the installation of the overlapping beams, you can proceed to building the roof truss system. For safety reasons, temporary boarding is laid on the floor beams to ensure the comfort of movement along the attic plane during the installation of rafters.

Installation of the truss system

The roof truss system can be mounted using a different sequence of fixing its elements:

First option. It is necessary to fasten the extreme pairs of rafter legs on the ground, then raise them to the harness and install them ready-made on the gable walls of the house. And then connect them with a ridge beam, and already mount the remaining pairs of rafters on it.
Second option. To begin with, install the middle racks along the gables, then fasten them with a ridge bar or board, on which the rafters are then attached.
Third option. In this case, pairs of rafter legs in their upper part are fastened together with a ridge pad, and their lower side is fixed on the wall trim, which in this embodiment will act as a Mauerlat.

The cross section of the beams or logs used for the rafter legs must be strictly maintained - depending on the rafter length between two fulcrum, and depending on the step between adjacent pairs of rafters

The maximum allowable length of the rafter leg (in mm)	Rafter spacing (in mm)
	1100		1400		1750		2100
	*Section of the rafter leg (in mm)*
	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø	bars with a section	logs Ø
up to 3000	80×100	100	80×100	130	90×100	150	90×160	160
up to 3600	80×130	130	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180
up to 4300	80×160	160	80×180	180	90×180	180	100×200	200
up to 5000	80×180	180	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-
up to 5800	80×200	200	100×200	200	-	-	-	-
up to 6500	100×200	200	120×220	240	-	-	-	-

It should be noted that the rafter attachment point in its lower part will depend on the angle at which they are fastened on the ridge and how long they are.

If the rafter is long enough and protrudes beyond the bearing walls, then a notch is cut out on it, with which it will be installed on the strapping beam (). An example of such a cut is shown in the picture:

If the rafter ends at the edge of the load-bearing wall, then its lower edge is cut off at a right angle with respect to the Mauerlat, and the leg itself can be fixed on it using a special mounting plate, sliding support, corner, bracket, nails or long self-tapping screws.

If the house is very small, then after fixing the rafters on the strapping, tying them with a ridge beam or board, you most likely will not have to install additional retaining elements.

Detailed information about the exact one can be obtained from a special publication of our portal by clicking on the recommended link:

For the installation of additional, reinforcing elements of the truss system, the material can be selected in accordance with the recommendations indicated in the table:

Prices for various types of fasteners for rafters

Fasteners for rafters

Roofing system

After the rafters and additional elements form the roof slopes, you can proceed to the installation of the subsystem for roofing.

The first thing that needs to be done from the outside of the roof, after installing the rafters, is to lay a vapor barrier film, securing it first with brackets, and then with counter-lattice strips on the rafters.

The film is laid perpendicular to the rafters, starting from the lower, eaves of the roof. The overlap between two adjacent strips must be at least 200 mm.

The main crate is mounted perpendicular to the counter-lattice, on which the roofing material will be attached. The installation step of the guides depends on the type and size of the roofing material sheets.

If, however, a soft roof is chosen to cover the roof, then instead of the laths of the lathing, the slopes are covered with a solid one - with plywood, and then with waterproofing sheets of roofing material, which overlaps by 150 ÷ 200 mm and is glued together with bituminous mastic. Another option is to use soft bituminous decorative tiles, which are laid using a similar technology.

For wooden houses, the following roofing materials are most often used (depending on the steepness of the roof slope).

On the prepared base, the selected roofing material is laid and fixed. Work starts from the cornice, and if the first row is laid from right to left, then all other rows are mounted in the same way.

Some types of roofing materials have a strictly specified installation scheme in the direction, which cannot be changed. This must be indicated in the instructions attached to them.

Also, for any type of sheet roofing materials, the amount of overlap in the direction of the slope (usually 150 ÷ 200 mm), and the number of waves (relief protrusions) in the horizontal direction, along the roof, is determined.

Almost all roofing materials are fixed on the crate with the help of special nails or self-tapping screws with waterproofing gaskets.

It is very important to choose and fix the ridge elements of the roof correctly, otherwise it will leak at the first rain. Usually the ridge element is selected from the same material as the covering of the roof slopes.
Further, the cornice overhang of the roof is finished - this can be done with a wooden or plastic clapboard. Sometimes special plastic elements - soffits - are used for these purposes.

Then, elements of the roof drainage system are installed on the windboard - funnels, gutters on brackets, pipes, etc.

Further, the gable sides of the truss system are sheathed. Most often, wooden or plastic lining or even planed boards are used for this.

For lining along the perimeter of the gable triangle, a special profile is fixed, into which panels prepared and cut at the right angle will be installed. Installation is usually carried out symmetrically - from the middle rack to one and then the other side - then the skin will turn out to be even and neat.

By the way, to mount the lining, Besides, you can horizontally, herringbone or come up with a more complex pattern.

Detailed information about the technology can be found in the article posted on our website by clicking on link.

Now, having finished the external roofing and being sure that the rain will no longer get inside the country house, you can proceed to the installation of windows and doors, insulation, flooring and wall cladding.

Installation of windows and doors

Window frames are mounted in the frame openings left for them, set according to the level. For preliminary fixation, when the frame is set, spacers made of wooden bars or slats are installed between it and the bars of the opening.

Then, after checking the correct installation, the frames are attached to the wall frame with metal strips. The remaining gaps between the frame and frame bars are filled with mounting foam. After it dries, the excess is cut off, and platbands are installed around the windows on the outside of the wall, which will close the unsightly appearance of the gaps and give accuracy to the general appearance of the house.

The installation of the door is best done together with the door frame, if it has sufficient rigidity. This will make it much easier to align the entire structure to the level in the doorway of the wall.

The door is best installed as a block - together with the frame and leaf

Exposing the door frame, if necessary, to achieve a clear vertical position, enclose wedges (inserts) from wooden slats. The door frame is fixed to the frame in the same way as window frames, using metal strips, and the gap is filled with mounting foam.

Having installed windows and doors in all, you can proceed to the installation of the floor.

Installation and floor insulation

To begin with, the temporary flooring from the boards (if there was one) is removed from the lower frame, and then you need to install the subfloor.

To do this, cranial bars are nailed or screwed onto the frame load-bearing beams. They are necessary for laying transverse subfloor boards on them.

Further, boards sawn exactly to size are laid on the cranial bars, or plywood 8 ÷ 10 mm thick - this flooring will serve as a subfloor.
From above, the laid subfloor is closed hydro- paro— insulating film, which should cover both the load-bearing beams and the entire floor plane. Individual sheets of material are overlapped (by 150 ÷ 200 mm) and glued at the joints with waterproof tape.

Further, insulating material is laid or poured on the vapor barrier film. If there is no desire to have as neighbors who like to settle under the floor, then it is better to use expanded clay of medium or fine fraction, or ecowool, to insulate the floor - these toothy pests simply do not live in such materials.

On top of the insulation, another layer of film membrane is laid, which is nailed to the supporting beams with brackets. The laying principle is exactly the same as on the subfloor.

With the floor - finished!

Then the whole structure is covered with thick plywood or wooden floorboards.

Prices for thermal insulation materials

Thermal insulation materials

Measures for additional thermal insulation

When the floor is completely ready, the walls of the house are insulated and sheathed from the inside. If the building will be used only in the warm season, then the insulation will still not hurt - it will work as an insulator of the premises from heating in extreme heat. Therefore, it is recommended to lay a thermal insulation layer not only in the walls, but also in the ceiling, and if it is absent, place the insulation along the inner slopes of the roof.

First, vapor barrier material is fixed to all walls and ceiling beams. Then the ceiling is sheathed with clapboard, plywood or drywall.
After covering the ceiling, the walls are insulated. At the same time, insulation mats are laid between the racks of the frame. It is necessary to make sure that the mats stand as tightly as possible with an emphasis on the bars of the wall frame, so that there are no gaps left.

That is why mineral wool is most often used as a heater - after dense laying between the racks, it will straighten out, completely filling the entire space. The material is usually selected so that the thickness of the mats and the thickness of the frame posts are the same.

After that, all walls are again tightened with a vapor barrier film.

The next step is wall cladding with wooden clapboard, plywood or. The latter, with subsequent decorative wall decoration, can be painted with water-based paint or covered with wallpaper.

Further, the attic floor is insulated, where the insulation is placed between the floor beams.

If the ceiling is sheathed from the side of the house with drywall or clapboard, then we must not forget that it is impossible to step on it, since the sheathing will not support the weight of a person. It is necessary to move carefully along the floor beams.

In the event that the attic is planned to be used for storing various garden accessories, then on top of the insulation on the floor beams, it is necessary to fix the flooring from boards or plywood with a thickness of at least 10 mm.
The finishing touches of the interior decoration will be the installation of platbands on windows and doors, ceiling and floor plinths and closing the corners with fittings.

Extensions to the house

The last stages of arranging a country house are installation work on the veranda and on the porch.

If space is left in advance for the veranda on the frame lying on the foundation, then a board is laid on this space to cover the floor (material for open areas is used), a fence is installed and a canopy is mounted.

If the foundation is raised high enough above the ground, then a porch is also attached to it.

Building a country house with your own hands is a completely doable task, but it will be quite difficult to manage without helpers. Therefore, it is best to seek help from a knowledgeable craftsman who has experience in such work, will always give useful advice and show how certain nodes are correctly mounted in the house structure. You can "mobilize" relatives and friends - it is possible that a knowledgeable person will be among them.

Video: construction of a country house using frame technology

Good day, dear users of the site. The warm season is coming and we cannot sit at home. Or gardening work, then cleaning the garden plot. And there are few worries on your site in a village, village or dacha. Sometimes, after the labors of the righteous, you just want to sit down and relax, drink tea or coffee, listen to music, and so on. In your yard, you can simply take out the chairs and sit, or it is better to build a structure specially equipped for recreation. Therefore, I would like to present to your attention another summer guest house. This building is ideal for summer holidays, and even in the cold season, if you install a stove in it, it will be quite comfortable. The assembly process is quite simple and will not be difficult for those whose hands grow from the right place.

To begin with, the author of this building prepared a place for the construction of the building. I started, as usual in such cases, with the foundation. The author made the foundation columnar. Eight foundation blocks were used for each column. This is what the finished foundation looks like. Easy to build and not very expensive. Bricks can be used instead of foundation blocks.

The next step of the author is strapping, i.e. erection on the foundation of the foundation of the future structure. For this, the author used a bar with a section of 150x150 mm. Before installation, treat the timber with fire protection.

After we have done the binding of the foundation, we install more between the main bars. This is for the floor. Next, the author begins laying the floor itself.

Please note that the author, when making the floor, does not put it in front of the building, since there will subsequently be a small terrace with a porch. The author decided to insulate immediately, without erecting walls. I used for this "Izospan V", a 5-cm insulation.

Further, after the author has covered the "rough" floor with insulation, he puts the main floor on top of it.

Next, the wall frame is assembled and installed on the base.

Further, the author installs ready-made doors, upholsters the frame of the walls on the outside with isospan and upholsters everything with an imitation of timber.

This is how the walls at this stage of construction look from the inside.

The next step is preparing the roof. The author puts a heater and sews up everything with boards.

After the author has prepared the ceiling, he assembles and installs skates on the roof. He fastens them with the help of building corners.

Next, boards are nailed for the subsequent installation of insulation on them and covering the tile roof.

After all the boards are stuffed, we insulate the roof with isospan-D from above

Now the author begins to insulate the interior of the future guest house. For this, materials such as "Izospan A", insulation, lining are used.

A suburban area is not only land with a garden and plantings. Many city dwellers come there for a good rest, so you need to have a house on the site. Not all summer residents have the opportunity to build a comfortable house on six acres. Many people get out of this situation by choosing the option of building an economy class house.

Inexperienced and novice summer residents are faced with the question of choosing cheap materials for construction. Below are examples of inexpensive and cozy country houses with visual photos.

Where to start building

Any construction begins with a plan on paper. A house outside the city is not intended for year-round use, but for the sake of comfort it requires familiarization with a typical project.

Among the projects of country houses are in the lead with an attic or attic. This option allows you to abandon the construction on the site of the outbuildings. All inventory and working tools are stored in the attic. In addition to such a house, you can attach a veranda or terrace that acts as a dining room.

Strip foundation requires more time and cost. The positive side of it is that it allows you to use the room under the floor as a basement.

The next stage of preparation is the material of the "box" of the future building. There are several types of inexpensive and reliable building materials:

Frame-panel structures

The frame is mounted with a beam and sheathed with wooden boards of fiberboard or chipboard. Expanded polystyrene, glass wool or polystyrene are used as insulation. The result is a house with minimal costs, which can be operated all year round.

The house from a bar differs in the durability. Construction work will cost more. When using cheap timber, there is a chance of encountering the problem of shrinkage of the building. As a result, cracks and gaps appear. The log house will also have to be insulated.

A clay house is the cheapest and easiest construction option. Building materials are right under your feet. The construction technique is similar to clay modeling.

The downside is the building process that is too long in time. It will take several seasons to build a clay dwelling.

The trailer is common among newcomers to summer residents. The best option for living in the summer or during the construction of a comfortable home.

Construction of a frame structure

Frame construction belongs to the category of low-budget. It is not difficult to build a country house with your own hands without the help of specialists. If all the necessary materials are ready, the period of work will last several weeks.

To build a house you will need:

bars for the frame;
self-tapping screws and corners;
wooden boards chipboard or fiberboard;
insulation;
piles for the foundation.

Stages of building a frame house

At the marked places, piles are driven in the corners. Mount concrete or brick supports under the joints of the walls. Then they cover them with waterproofing material and tie them with a channel.

A lattice of bars is laid around the entire perimeter. Wooden logs are placed on top of it at a distance of 50-60 cm from each other. All parts are fixed with corners and self-tapping screws.

Next, vertical racks are mounted, firmly resting on the bar grate. The finished frame is tied and attic logs are placed on top of it. Next comes the work on sheathing the frame with wooden slabs. At this stage, holes are left for windows and doors.

Now you need to decide on the choice of roof for a country house. Most summer residents choose gable and shed roofs. As an economy, the second option deserves more attention. When building a roof, do not forget about the vapor barrier. The roof will be inexpensive sheets of corrugated board or ondulin.

Facing the outside is done using siding. Before this, the outer walls are insulated with special materials. Instead of plastic windows, ordinary wooden ones without double-glazed windows are installed. This approach will significantly reduce the cost of construction.

With the help of simple and simple tips, a country house will be ready for use in less than a month. Those who do not have enough time for construction can contact a construction company, where they will offer to build a house for a turnkey summer house at an affordable price.

A few words about the interior

No matter how the house looks from the outside, inside the country house must meet all the requirements of our time. Gone are the days when a cottage in the country was used for cooking and lodging for the night.

Rest in the country - first of all, comfort and organization inside the house. There are many budget ways to satisfy the most desirable interior solutions.

Country - rustic style in the interior. Here you can not do without cabinets and shelves, curtained with curtains with embroidery. Crocheted napkins, tablecloths and rugs from old clothes will look good.