wells

Pool skimmer - what is it and how to make the simplest analogue yourself? Pool skimmer: types, functions, installation Do-it-yourself pool skimmer step by step instructions.

Regularly, new devices appear on the cleaning equipment market, which can be both very useful and completely useless devices. Useful and necessary include a skimmer, which is used by pool owners for multi-component water purification.

Equipping your pool, without any cover, which most often happens, all sorts of dirt gets into the water. Therefore, in order to purify the water in the pools, need additional accessories to solve these problems. It is the skimmer that can remove all the blockages that may arise, making the water clean and usable for its intended purpose.

Equipment characteristic

The skimmer is a tank made of plastic or any other metal material. A pipeline is connected to this tank, through which water is drawn. A window is provided in the side part of the skimmer, which has a floating damper.

The principle of operation of such a device is rather primitive and consists in the following processes:

Through the side window of the skimmer, clogged water enters the tank.
The provided damper separates the clean layers of water from the clogged upper ones, thus, purification occurs only of the water that has become clogged.
Large pieces of debris, falling into the tank, are retained by the installed filter.
The last step purified water is sent for heating and then returned to the pool.

To increase the efficiency of the skimmer, a water vacuum cleaner can be connected to the connector provided by the design.

Skimmers for pools are produced not only on the surface, there are also simpler designs, such as hinged and deep devices. Mounted skimmers are installed when the pool design is integral and does not provide for the installation of any additional devices.

Deep wells are used not only as water purifiers. The functionality of this device allows water to drain through, which is necessary when other drain mechanisms are not provided in the design of pools or water tanks.

Which device is better overflow or skimmer?

To clean the desired container, water intake devices work according to two schemes:

Skimmer.
Overflow.

To select the desired device initially should understand the principles of operation and the nuances of operation both options for water intake.

The overflow system works by collecting water in a tray that is installed around the entire perimeter of the cleaning device. The purification process begins when excess water appears in the tank. As a rule, this excess appears when the pool is used for its intended purpose, that is, people begin to swim in it, which is the reason for the overflow of liquid into the tray for subsequent cleaning. The dimensions of the cleaning tray should increase proportionally depending on the dimensions of the tank used. The correct operation of such a system is ensured only if the installation of the overflow system was carried out in accordance with the installation technology provided by the manufacturer.

Pool skimmer have a number of advantages which are definitely worth paying attention to. These devices have a multi-stage fluid purification system, which gives the best result possible. In addition, a do-it-yourself pool skimmer is not so difficult to install. Therefore, unlike an overflow system for installing a pool skimmer, it does not require the involvement of specialists to install it, which reduces costs. The success of a good skimmer system will be ensured by a properly planned and installed tank in which the cleaning work will be carried out.

Features of installing a skimmer

If you install the skimmer yourself, you need to arm yourself with a device diagram and follow all the manufacturer's instructions.

As a rule, the instruction contains the following steps for installing a skimmer with your own hands:

Marking a plywood board for the required parameters, in accordance with the purchased model.
If the purchased device has a flange socket, then the skimmer is attached to the plywood. If there is no bell in the equipment, then this item is skipped.
Fixing a plywood shield with a skimmer on a previously provided tank location.

If the installation of cleaning equipment is necessary for an inflatable pool, then, according to experts, a mounted skimmer is best for this purpose, which is preferable to install on the windward side. This arrangement of the device will ensure that even the smallest breeze will create a current that will push the water to the skimmer for cleaning.

If the skimmer is to be installed in a tank installed indoors, where there are no wind currents, then for perfect water purification it is necessary to mount several devices, which will be distributed around the entire perimeter of the pool at an equal distance, which will ensure that the entire surface is cleaned.

Thus, regardless of the design of the tank, among the different options for skimmers, you can choose the right device that will monitor the purity of the water in the pool. No matter how complex or simple the design is, if there is no desire to complicate the process of installing equipment, you can always buy a mounted skimmer and install it by lowering the cleaning device with your hands into the intended place. The skimmer will allow you to keep the pool in a swimmable condition, circulating the water and cleaning it.

An artificial reservoir, unlike a natural one, does not have water circulation, therefore, every owner of a pool or pond needs to ensure the purity of the water mass.

It is known that 80% of all microorganisms living in swimming pools are found in the upper layers of the water.

In order to clean these layers, special cleaning devices are used - skimmers that collect the top layer of water and provide constant circulation.

It is in the upper layers of water that all bacteria, fatty film, hair, dust and viruses gather.

These contaminants with the help of a skimmer enter the filter, where they are cleaned and go back to the reservoir.

Also, thanks to this device, the waves in the pool are well extinguished while people are in it.

Functional load

The main functions of the skimmer:

collection of the upper layer of polluted water in the pool and its subsequent purification with heating;
the device can be used as a socket for a handheld pool cleaner;
most of the chemicals for the pool are laid in it.

How the skimmer system works

Design features of the device

The skimmer is structurally a metal (made of stainless steel) or plastic (made of high-quality ABS plastic) tank with a water intake pipe.

The steel version will cost more, but looks richer.

All devices are equipped with deep filters, which are visually similar to mesh buckets, where insects, debris, leaves, etc. fall.

The main structural parts of the device are embedded elements and a special mesh waste basket.

Contaminated water enters the skimmer through a special floating valve. Further, the water is purified and heated, after which it returns to the pool or pond.

Thanks to the floating damper, the upper layers of the water are separated from the lower ones, so debris and grease are removed from the surface of the water more efficiently.

Thus, the main parts of the device are:

bottom drain;
inlet nozzles;
filtration capacity;
pump;
automatic control unit.

How to choose the right device

It is necessary to choose a cleaner based on the size of the pool and its depth.

For example, a mounted skimmer is suitable for a small pool. If necessary, you can put several cleaning devices at once.

Types of skimmers:

built-in;
hinged;
the skimmer under the liner is mounted in a concrete or fiberglass pool lined with a liner (PVC film);
under concrete is installed in a stationary pool with a mosaic finish.

The use of a hinged structure

One mounted skimmer can clean a pool volume of 25 square meters (or 20-40 cubic meters of water). If the pool is larger, then several such devices will be required.

In the case when the pool is partially buried or it is of a collapsible type, the cleaning device is hung on board.

A plastic mounted cleaner is a great option for seasonal pools. All models of skimmers are equipped with pipes for water intake and return.

The water inlet is equipped with a damper. The movement of the float located at the top of the tank contributes to the suction of debris into the device.

A floating (mounted) skimmer can be installed by hand.

It can be used for both frame and inflatable pools. It is necessary to install the cleaning device at the right level using the special fasteners included in the kit.

With the help of fasteners, you can adjust the location of the purifier relative to the water level. Each skimmer is equipped with mounts for both frame and inflatable pools.

Also included are adapters that allow you to connect the device with a hose to the filter pump system.

Installing a mounted skimmer Intex on the video.

Built-in purifier and its installation

If the pool has not yet been built, then at the first stages of its construction it is necessary to provide for the installation of a built-in skimmer.

The built-in water purifier is mounted in the side wall of the pool.

Built-in cleaning devices are of several types:

under the tile;
for installation under the film;
for monolithic concrete pools.

The choice of built-in cleaning device must take into account the thickness of the walls of the pool. There are cleaners with a short and long neck, but if necessary, you can buy nozzles.

Scheme of installation of cleaners

Installation of this type of equipment is not a difficult process.

All manufacturers of skimmers include installation instructions that make it easy and quick to install the skimmer.

The following are considered the basic rules for mounting a built-in:

do not replace the fasteners included in the kit with your own;
before installing the device, clean and process the opening well;
you can put the cleaner only horizontally, you can not allow distortions;
The height of the cover of the device can only be increased using two rings.

It is necessary to install the device so that the minimum and maximum level marks are in accordance with the instructions.

The video shows the installation of the built-in cleaner in an accessible and visual way.

Installation of a built-in skimmer for a concrete pool

Before choosing and installing a cleaning device in your pool, you must first calculate the required number of skimmers (based on 1 device per 25 square meters of the pool).

If you install 1 cleaning device, then a couple of nozzles will be required to return the water.

The installation process must be carried out in strict accordance with the installation instructions provided by the manufacturer of the cleaning devices.

Consider the installation on the example of a concrete pool.

Most often, installation is carried out at the end wall of the pool, the inlet pipe is located at the opposite wall.

Before the process of pouring the wall, the flange of the hole must be insulated so that concrete does not get there.

With the help of special fasteners embedded parts, you need to mount the device. The pipeline must be connected using sealing materials for threaded connections.

The installation of the skimmer in the formwork is carried out using special protruding plates on the flange. The flange should be located in the center of the formwork and the water surface should reach the middle of the hole.

The flange must be flush with the plane of the pool wall.

Now a film coating is applied, which should be cut along the internal contours of the front frame of the device. The pool itself is filled with water to a level that will be 5 cm below the location of the purifier.

In order to prevent possible sinking of the cleaning device, it is necessary to make sure that the free space in its rear part is filled with sand.

An alternative would be the installation of skimmer supports, which will be supported by crossbars on the supporting structures.

The protruding part of the base of the pool must be carefully adjusted along the entire perimeter to the walls, and it must also be fastened with a special fastening tape, which is included in the package.

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bottom drain

The bottom drain is part of the pool's water treatment system. It is designed to draw water from the bottom of the pool in order to clean it with a filter.

In the pool, which is equipped with a bottom skimmer (drain), water purification is carried out with the highest quality due to the fact that water is taken from two levels at once: from the bottom and from the surface.

Cleaning the device

The skimmer must be periodically cleaned of dirt (at least once every two weeks with intensive use of the pool).

This can be done through the round top cover. You just need to get a plastic basket, which is a pre-filter, and shake it out of the debris.

Depending on how many trees are next to the pool, the rate of contamination of the device will depend. It also affects the number of swimmers in the pool.

Homemade cleaners

If necessary, you can make a skimmer for the pool with your own hands. Details can be found in the video:

Second option:

9.5-Stage five - installation of mortgages.

9.5. Stage five - installation of mortgages.

And if everything is in order with pipes and cables, then the next step after plastering is the installation of embedded elements and their pouring.

The installation of mortgages must strictly comply with the project or drawing.

Installation of mortgages in concrete pools under a tile.

When installing mortgages (a spotlight, a skimmer, a nozzle, a bottom drain, etc.) in a concrete pool, pre-prepare the niches of the mortgages as follows:

If the surface is smooth, then it is necessary to make notches with a perforator.

Rice. 9.41. Notching in smooth niches.

Reinforcement of holes - if the hole exceeds an area of more than 350x350, it is necessary to randomly drill reinforcement (4-8 pieces per 1 opening) - reinforcement ¢8A400C.

Rice. 9.42. Chaotically drilled rebar.

Remove dust and debris and niches, slightly moisten the surface of the hole (it is better if it is cement milk).

Transfer the placement marks of the mortgage relative to the bowl onto plywood 10mm thick. If the hole of the mortgage exceeds the area of 300x300mm (vertical wall), then it is necessary to reinforce the plywood with a board or beam.

Fasten the mortgage to the plywood according to the markings and method of installing the front part (if the mortgage is attached inside the mortgage, then it is necessary to make a sample in plywood with a 6mm recess; if the front part of the mortgage covers it, then there is no need to make a sample in plywood).

Rice. 9.43. On the left - the fastening of the mortgage with the front part covering it (the mortgage is fastened closely without sampling). On the right - fastening of the mortgage with the front part screwed into it (the mortgage is attached to the plywood closely with a sample of 6mm).

Treat the outer part of the mortgage with a thin layer of plasticizer (Mapei) Planicrete (or (Litokol) Idrokol X20 (see Appendix 20 for characteristics)).

Attach plywood with a mortgage to the wall using 6/60mm dowels.

The following figure 9.44 shows an example of a skimmer installation. The first step is to make markings on board.

Rice. 9.44 Marking the wall for the installation of the skimmer.

And then attach the skimmer to the plywood and make horizontal / vertical markings on the plywood. Next, the skimmer with plywood is attached to the board with the help of dowels.

Rice. 9.45. Fastening the skimmer to the board.

Cover the outside with plywood.

Pour the concrete mixture through the mounting hole in the upper part of the plywood, followed by its shrinkage by lightly tapping the plywood with a hammer.

Fig.9.46. Mounting hole for pouring concrete and pouring a mortgage.

Materials used - Planicrete or Idrokol X20 (0.5 parts);

- cement brand M500 (1 part);

- crushed stone fraction 5-20mm fine granite (3 parts);

- river sand (3 parts).

If the pool bowl is cast well and concrete of the appropriate grade was used, then the latex additive may not be used, because. the hole to be poured will be under the waterproofing, it is enough to correctly adjoin the surface to be poured (ensure the appropriate adhesion of the two surfaces (existing and being poured)), grind the already filled hole and waterproof with sealant around the mortgage.

Remove plywood after 24 hours and use fresh concrete to make a 10x10 sample around the mortgage.

Rice. 9.47. Making a sample in the plaster around the mortgage with a size of 10x10mm.

Fill the cavity with Mapeproof Swell One-Part Hydroexpanding Sealant (see Appendix 10 for specifications).

Close the mortgages with tape or a thick film so that during construction work the solution does not get inside, especially on the threads. Do not stuff foam, rags, etc. inside the pipes. or wrap in paper.

Align the plaster around the mortgage (by grinding).

When installing embedded spotlights in a hole, do the following:

Release the cable from the mortgage so that it is enough to remove the spotlight on board to replace the lamp in it;

All seals of the mortgage are pressed with a key;

If the searchlight is installed in a blank wall and an external cable is connected to it, then it is necessary to solder the supply cable and the searchlight cable without using acid fluxes, insulate the soldering points with electrical tape and waterproof with a heat shrink tube;

The solder joint can be placed either in concrete or outside the pool.

In addition, a standard solution - a junction box - can be used to mount the spotlight cable.

Fig.9.48. Spotlight installation.

When installing side nozzles, a special mortgage is installed in the hole left for mortgages. Depending on the nozzle, on what thread diameter it has, the corresponding mortgage is selected and installed. The mortgage is a pipe with an internal thread the size of a nozzle thread and a length of about 250-300mm. The material for making a mortgage can be plastic or metal.

Figure 9.49. Penetrations for nozzles in concrete.

The embedded nozzle is attached, like the embedded spotlights, bottom drains, skimmers, to plywood and drilled to the side of the pool. All nozzle inserts are set using a level in one line.

If the nozzle is located in a blank wall and it is not possible to install a standard mortgage, then a plastic sleeve with an internal thread with a diameter, like that of the nozzle, is used as a mortgage.

Fig.9.50. Coupling with internal thread.

Sometimes, if the nozzle has a diameter of 2"", and the pipe connected to it is 1.5"", then a reduction 63-50 is additionally glued into the coupling.

Fig.9.51. The reduction is short.

Further, the assembled structure (coupling, reduction, if necessary) is fixed on plywood. The most optimal and reliable mounting option in this case is to drill a hole in plywood using a crown along the inner diameter of the coupling. Press our coupling to the plywood using a coupling with an external thread.

Fig.9.52. Using a sleeve instead of a penetration.

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POOLS

Installation of mortgages: skimmers

The skimmer is intended for the intake of contaminated surface water from the pool bowl. When pouring the sides of the pool bowl with concrete, boxes for openings for the skimmer are installed in the formwork. Depth and width must be sufficient to install the skimmer specified in the project. Skimmers with auto-refill and emergency water removal are wider than regular standard skimmers. Therefore, the opening should be wider. Often you have to expand the space with a large puncher. The size of the plywood shield for the skimmer should be 5 cm larger on each side of the width of the opening for the mortgage, 5 cm below and 5 cm above the opening for the skimmer cover. It turns out a rectangular plywood shield, elongated vertically. Marking plywood shield. We make markings on the front side. We draw a median vertical line. We retreat from the top 5 cm and draw a line of “zero” for finishing the side of the pool perpendicular to the midline. From the “zero” line of the finish, we retreat down 15 cm and draw the “water level” line also perpendicular to the midline. The marking is ready. The skimmer fasteners on a plywood shield. There are, regardless of the material of manufacture, skimmers with and without a flange socket. There are skimmers for "concrete" and for "film". Let's start with the "film" ones. Film skimmers must have a flange socket for a crimp frame and a front frame. The crimp frame can be on self-tapping screws, or maybe on screws. Screws are preferred. The skimmer is securely attached to the plywood with screws. On self-tapping screws, “black” self-tapping screws are used for fastening, which cut through the plastic through and through. If it is above the water level, then nothing else, if it is lower, you need to be more careful when waterproofing. These through holes must be sealed, through which leakage into the concrete will occur. Skimmers for "concrete" can be with or without a flange. Skimmers without a flare flange are the cheapest options for skimmers. Skimmers with a flanged socket are attached in the same way as above. Skimmers with a flangeless socket require a flight of fancy from the installer in fastening it to a plywood shield. The skimmer insert is fixed on plywood, it remains to fix it on the wall of the pool side. Unfortunately, we are not able to move the skimmer insert horizontally. In large skimmer pools, there may be several skimmers. In the project, of course, they stand exactly at the same distance from each other. In practice, it is necessary to put a mortgage as the opening is laid when pouring concrete. But in the vertical plane we have complete freedom of action. Before installing the skimmer, first of all, it is necessary to obtain a documented “zero” of the side finish from the foreman responsible for this object. If installers work in parallel with pool finishers, then they may already have this “zero”. It's better to have it confirmed though. The thing is that the middle of the skimmer socket corresponds to the water level, and the water level sets us the depth of the pool, which is negotiated initially, based on the consumer qualities of the pool. Using a level or laser level, a horizontal line of water level is drawn in the area of the opening. Now everything is simple - plywood with a mortgage is combined with the same lines. One installer can easily handle the installation. However, two are more convenient. Tools and materials. Of the tools and materials you need: - a hammer drill with a x6 drill, - a hammer of any size, but not a sledgehammer, - a screwdriver, - a laser level or level, - 30 mm plastic dowels, - 50 mm self-tapping screws, mounting level 30 cm. Some "advanced" installers use dowel-nails to fasten embedded nails. Somewhat risky, since a large opening, such as under a skimmer or counterflow, requires several fill bags. If the mortgage is under the "film", then the opening is filled with a simple solution, if under the "concrete" then it is non-shrinking, which has a high cost. A protruding mortgage requires reinstallation and carries with it a rejection of the non-shrinking composition. Before pouring, it would be good to plug the drain hole of the skimmer and generally seal the hole under the cover with tape.

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Pool skimmer: characteristics and installation. How to use a pool skimmer

A pool skimmer is an equipment designed for complex water treatment. In most cases, pools are built outdoors. As a result, dirt, leaves and other foreign objects get into the water. Some tank owners use awnings to keep the water from getting dirty, but while swimming there is nothing to keep it from getting clogged. The device of the skimmer for the pool effectively solves this problem.

Skimmer Specifications

The equipment is a metal or plastic tank to which a pipeline for water intake is connected. From the side surface, you can see a window equipped with a floating shutter.

The principle of operation of the device is quite simple:

Clogged water enters the skimmer through the side window.
A floating damper separates the upper layers of water from the lower ones (only clogged water is cleaned).
The liquid enters the filter, where large fragments of debris are retained.
The water passes through the heating system and then returns to the pool.

For more efficient operation, a water vacuum cleaner is attached to the device. There is a corresponding connector for it.

In addition to surface skimmers for pools, there are deep and mounted devices. The price of equipment of this type differs significantly due to a different functional set. The hinged device is used if installation in the wall of the structure is not possible. For example, mounted skimmers are used for frame pools and inflatable tanks.

As for the deep type apparatus, its functionality allows you to purify water and serve as a drain mechanism. Despite the versatility of the equipment, several types of devices are often used simultaneously.

Which is better: skimmer or overflow?

The water purification process provides for two main types of water intake:

Before choosing, we advise you to understand the nuances of operation and the functionality of the devices. For example, an overflow system provides water intake into a specially provided tray. It is located around the device. The purification process starts at the moment when people bathe in the tank, which displace the water. From the tray, the liquid is transferred to the purification device. The dimensions of the tray depend on the dimensions of the tank itself.

The overflow system has objective advantages:

Sensitive balance capacitance control mechanism.
Collection of litter from the entire water column.
Complex water purification.

However, the overflow system will only function effectively if the installation has been carried out according to the installation technology.

Skimmer pools also boast a number of advantages:

High-quality multi-stage water purification.
A simplified version of the cleaning equipment, which does not require the presence of a balance tank and an overflow tray.

In order for the cleaning system to work without failure, it is necessary to have a perfectly designed and built tank. It is also necessary to correctly position the holes of the device. An unconditional minus is the appearance of a calcareous strip formed on the line of the water section of the structure. In this case, the precipitate is easily removed after detection.

Technical features of skimmer installation

Before assembling or installing a cleaning agent, it is highly recommended to study the drawing. As a rule, the scheme comes with the purchased equipment. In addition, you should determine in advance the number of necessary skimmers for the pool. You can find out by reading online reviews.

So, you have carefully read the instructions from the manufacturer and the question of how to choose and install a skimmer in the pool no longer plunges you into a stupor. However, the installation of the device has a number of features, the knowledge of which is indispensable.

For example, boxes for placing devices should be built into the tank at the stage of pouring the structure. And if the device is additionally equipped with an emergency water removal system, an automatic ebb mechanism, the width indicators will be much larger than standard devices.

We will give a strict sequence of actions during installation:

Plywood shield layout. About 5 cm should be cut off on each side of the mortgage opening. It is desirable to apply markings on the front side. Alternatively, indent 5 cm from the zero mark of the tank wall and draw a horizon line. Then you need to retreat down from the drawn line by 15 cm and apply another line.
Fixing the skimmer on a plywood board. This installation step is only required if the device has a flanged socket.
Fixing a plywood shield with a mortgage on the side wall of the pool. In this case, the attachment point depends on the zero mark of the tank finish. It is highly recommended to place the instruments at equal distances on the same horizontal line.

Installing a skimmer in a concrete pool involves the use of the following tools:

screwdriver;
perforator;
level;
hammer;
self-tapping screws 5 cm long.

Installation of a mounted skimmer for an inflatable pool

Experts advise installing equipment on the windward side of the inflatable structure. Due to the light wind in the tank, a small current will be created, which will drive the water into the skimmer without much effort. If the design is of a closed type, it is necessary to fix the devices evenly on all sides. Bottom-type devices are mounted at the maximum possible depth of the water tank.

The advantages of mounted skimmers are objective:

Versatility. The equipment includes a return nozzle, an adapter for a water vacuum cleaner and a filter for large particles of debris.
Ease of installation. The hinged device on any of sides of the pool fastens. There is no need for alteration of the finished pool, shtrobirovanie walls. It is enough to install the device on the bowl and attach it to the filter.
Wide range of applications. The water intake is ideal for prefabricated and frame models, as well as metal and plastic pools. Due to the minimum financial costs, such a cleaning device can often be found in bath tubs.

Conclusion

The pool skimmer performs the function of water intake with subsequent cleaning in the filter. Skimmer pools can be of all types - from inflatable to concrete. The equipment provides multi-stage purification, filtration and circulation of water.

When designing and building a pool, it is imperative to provide for the installation of such equipment on the side. However, if the tank is ready and there is no desire to break, it is advisable to opt for mounted cleaning devices. In any case, water purification devices will permanently rid the pool of debris on the surface and at depth.

Pool skimmer: characteristics and installation

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The skimmer is one of the most important devices in the pool cleaning system. Without it, in a day, on the surface of the water in the tank there will be a lot of insects, dust and small particles of debris carried by the wind. This article describes step-by-step instructions on how to make a do-it-yourself mounted pool skimmer.

Which is better - homemade or purchased?

The device of the skimmer is not at all complicated. In fact, this is just an extension of the tube from the pump, which is fixed near the water surface in order to collect debris from the dirtiest upper layer.

Any man can assemble such a device, and in terms of its effectiveness, a home-made skimmer will not differ from factory options. But the cost of a self-assembled device will cost several times cheaper than the options offered in stores.

Do you want to save? Then we read the step-by-step instructions and start tinkering.

Step-by-step instruction

What will be needed?

To assemble a homemade skimmer, you will need two plastic pipes (small and large diameter), a cover for a thicker pipe, an adapter for a tube that will lead directly to the pump, some foam rubber and electrical tape.

Everything you need will cost us about 100-200 rubles. You may be able to find something on your own and it will be possible to reduce costs even more.

Collecting the float

In the lid, which should be closed on a larger pipe, we make a cutout for a pipe with a diameter of 50 mm. The hole should not be butt, but we leave the gap as small as possible. We also drill another hole closer to the edge so that excess air can safely escape and not interfere with the operation of the skimmer.

Making the body

The body consists of a piece of a large pipe and an adapter from it to the pump pipe. We connect all the components, sealing the gaps with special rubber bands.

We connect a flexible tube to the adapter, which will drain dirty water to the filter.

Connect to pump and filter

At the final stage, we need to connect the tube from the skimmer to the pump by passing it through the valve in the pool wall. Next, fix the skimmer itself at a depth of 10-15 centimeters so that the edge of the upper intake pipe is at a depth of 3-5 mm.

Fasteners can be made to the wall of the tank or mounted type. The choice will depend on your capabilities and the type of pool.

Thematic video

With proper skill, it should take you no more than 2 hours to assemble a mounted skimmer for a frame pool with your own hands. But during this time you save several times and are in no way inferior either in efficiency or in the quality of the assembled device.

A swimming pool skimmer is an installation designed for complex water purification. Most of the pools are built outdoors. As a result, leaves, dirt and other foreign matter fall into the water. There are owners of such tanks who use awnings that protect the liquid from contamination. However, in the process of bathing, nothing saves water from pollution, and installing a skimmer will help solve this issue without any problems.

Characteristics of such an installation

A pool skimmer is a plastic or metal tank to which a water intake pipe is connected. On the side of the wall on the outer side, you can find a window equipped with a floating shutter. The feature of the equipment is quite simple.

Dirty water enters the unit through the side opening.
A floating gate separates the lower layers of the liquid from the upper ones (only contaminated water is cleaned).
The liquid goes to the filter, where large debris stagnates.
Water passes through the heating system and then returns to the pool.

For even more efficient work, a water vacuum cleaner is connected to the installation, for which there is a special connector.

Device types

Modern developers today provide a lot of variations of equipment for water treatment of film and concrete tanks, which differ significantly. The skimmer for the frame pool has three varieties:

floating;
hinged;
surface.

Floating skimmers

For fixed structures with significant water level fluctuations, floating devices are used. For the installation of such devices, an underground installation on the pool body is not required, only a pump is required that will continuously draw liquid from the surface.

In principle, both floating and mounted pool skimmers work the same way. Both of them are devices that are independent of the water surface, equipped with additional sensors, which automatically adjust to the existing liquid level in the pool. One such floating pool skimmer is designed to clean the water area from 25 sq. m.

Mounted skimmer

Such devices are usually used in pools where there is no circulation system. These can be stationary, frame and prefabricated buildings. A mounted skimmer for a pool is considered equipment that allows, within the same building, to supply and take water in parallel. Such a cleaning plant is mounted on the side and is suitable for almost any type of tank.

Mounted skimmers are more used in prefabricated pools. They are made from polypropylene plastic of good hardness. Fixing such devices to the wall is carried out on an adjustable bracket. The advantages are: low cost, ease of maintenance and ease of installation.

This pool skimmer collects floating leaves and small debris from the surface of the water, which counteracts the settling of litter on the bottom. During fluid intake, the oily film is simultaneously removed. But to clean the bottom, you need to connect a separate hand-held vacuum cleaner.

Surface Equipment

Such an installation is a vessel, in the inner part of which threaded reports are placed. Due to these contacts, it is possible to connect the pool to the water intake line. A rectangular window with a floating shutter is located on the tank body. Through this opening, water enters the system. Later it is heated and cleaned.

Technical properties of the installation

Before you start assembling a pool skimmer, you should familiarize yourself with the drawing. Usually the scheme is attached to the set with the equipment. In addition, it is necessary to determine in advance the number of devices. The box for the distribution of devices must be mounted in a container before pouring the structure. And if the device is specially equipped with an emergency water withdrawal system, the width factors will be much higher than typical equipment.

Required Tools

Installing a skimmer in the pool recommends using the following tools:

hammer;
perforator;
self-tapping screws (5 cm in length);
screwdriver;
level.

Work process

Here is the correct installation procedure.

Conclusion

The skimmer performs the action of water intake with further cleaning in the filter. Pools equipped with such devices can be of several types: from inflatable to concrete. The installation provides multi-stage circulation, purification and filtration of water.

When planning and constructing a tank, it is imperative to calculate the installation of such a device from the side wall. But if there is no desire to break through and break an existing pool, it would be appropriate to choose mounted cleaning skimmers. In any case, water purification equipment will permanently protect the container from debris at depth and surface.

It is known that 80% of all microorganisms living in swimming pools are found in the upper layers of the water.

In order to clean these layers, special cleaning devices are used - skimmers that collect the top layer of water and provide constant circulation.

It is in the upper layers of water that all bacteria, fatty film, hair, dust and viruses gather.

These contaminants with the help of a skimmer enter the filter, where they are cleaned and go back to the reservoir.

Also, thanks to this device, the waves in the pool are well extinguished while people are in it.

Functional load

The main functions of the skimmer:

collection of the upper layer of polluted water in the pool and its subsequent purification with heating;
the device can be used as a socket for a handheld pool cleaner;
most of the chemicals for the pool are laid in it.

How the skimmer system works

Design features of the device

The skimmer is structurally a metal (made of stainless steel) or plastic (made of high-quality ABS plastic) tank with a water intake pipe.

The steel version will cost more, but looks richer.

All devices are equipped with deep filters, which are visually similar to mesh buckets, where insects, debris, leaves, etc. fall.

The main structural parts of the device are embedded elements and a special mesh waste basket.

Contaminated water enters the skimmer through a special floating valve. Further, the water is purified and heated, after which it returns to the pool or pond.

Thanks to the floating damper, the upper layers of the water are separated from the lower ones, so debris and grease are removed from the surface of the water more efficiently.

Thus, the main parts of the device are:

bottom drain;
inlet nozzles;
filtration capacity;
pump;
automatic control unit.

How to choose the right device

It is necessary to choose a cleaner based on the size of the pool and its depth.

For example, a mounted skimmer is suitable for a small pool. If necessary, you can put several cleaning devices at once.

Types of skimmers:

built-in;
hinged;
the skimmer under the liner is mounted in a concrete or fiberglass pool lined with a liner (PVC film);
under concrete is installed in a stationary pool with a mosaic finish.

The use of a hinged structure

One mounted skimmer can clean a pool volume of 25 square meters (or 20-40 cubic meters of water). If the pool is larger, then several such devices will be required.

In the case when the pool is partially buried or it is of a collapsible type, the cleaning device is hung on board.

A plastic mounted cleaner is a great option for seasonal pools. All models of skimmers are equipped with pipes for water intake and return.

The water inlet is equipped with a damper. The movement of the float located at the top of the tank contributes to the suction of debris into the device.

A floating (mounted) skimmer can be installed by hand.

It can be used for both frame and inflatable pools. It is necessary to install the cleaning device at the right level using the special fasteners included in the kit.

With the help of fasteners, you can adjust the location of the purifier relative to the water level. Each skimmer is equipped with mounts for both frame and inflatable pools.

Also included are adapters that allow you to connect the device with a hose to the filter pump system.

Installing a mounted skimmer Intex on the video.

Built-in purifier and its installation

If the pool has not yet been built, then at the first stages of its construction it is necessary to provide for the installation of a built-in skimmer.

The built-in water purifier is mounted in the side wall of the pool.

Built-in cleaning devices are of several types:

under the tile;
for installation under the film;
for monolithic concrete pools.

The choice of built-in cleaning device must take into account the thickness of the walls of the pool. There are cleaners with a short and long neck, but if necessary, you can buy nozzles.

Scheme of installation of cleaners

Installation of this type of equipment is not a difficult process.

All manufacturers of skimmers include installation instructions that make it easy and quick to install the skimmer.

The following are considered the basic rules for mounting a built-in:

do not replace the fasteners included in the kit with your own;
before installing the device, clean and process the opening well;
you can put the cleaner only horizontally, you can not allow distortions;
The height of the cover of the device can only be increased using two rings.

It is necessary to install the device so that the minimum and maximum level marks are in accordance with the instructions.

The video shows the installation of the built-in cleaner in an accessible and visual way.

Installation of a built-in skimmer for a concrete pool

Before choosing and installing a cleaning device in your pool, you must first calculate the required number of skimmers (based on 1 device per 25 square meters of the pool).

If you install 1 cleaning device, then a couple of nozzles will be required to return the water.

The installation process must be carried out in strict accordance with the installation instructions provided by the manufacturer of the cleaning devices.

Consider the installation on the example of a concrete pool.

Most often, installation is carried out at the end wall of the pool, the inlet pipe is located at the opposite wall.

Before the process of pouring the wall, the flange of the hole must be insulated so that concrete does not get there.

With the help of special fasteners embedded parts, you need to mount the device. The pipeline must be connected using sealing materials for threaded connections.

The flange must be flush with the plane of the pool wall.

In order to prevent possible sinking of the cleaning device, it is necessary to make sure that the free space in its rear part is filled with sand.

An alternative would be the installation of skimmer supports, which will be supported by crossbars on the supporting structures.

How it happens, as well as the care and planting of the plant, is discussed in our article.

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bottom drain

The bottom drain is part of the pool's water treatment system. It is designed to draw water from the bottom of the pool in order to clean it with a filter.

The skimmer must be periodically cleaned of dirt ( at least once every two weeks with intensive use of the pool).

This can be done through the round top cover. You just need to get a plastic basket, which is a pre-filter, and shake it out of the debris.

Depending on how many trees are next to the pool, the rate of contamination of the device will depend. It also affects the number of swimmers in the pool.

Homemade cleaners

If necessary, you can make a skimmer for the pool with your own hands. Details can be found in the video:

Second option: