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Check diesel engine. Ways to check the engine when buying a used car

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How to choose the right diesel car with mileage, and what you need to know about such a car so that after the purchase it does not give unpleasant surprises.

12 facts about diesel cars

The choice of a car with a diesel engine begins with intellectual and moral preparation. Think about it: what do you know about these cars? We have compiled a selection of 12 facts on several criteria: engine, oil and operation.

Engine

Up to 2L - economical, but less reliable than a larger engine.
A diesel engine is a specific thing, it requires patience and readiness for unexpected, often large expenses. Overhaul can "get up" in several hundred thousand rubles.
Acceleration is weak. Fans of high speeds, having sat behind the wheel of a diesel car for the first time, are not thrilled with the ride.
It is better to buy a car with a diesel engine in winter. 10-20 degrees of frost is the most suitable temperature. It is very easy to find "sores".

Oil

It is better to fill in "synthetics" in a diesel engine - often the lubrication system will not have to be flushed. In the case of mineral oil or semi-synthetic, the procedure must be done every 20-40 thousand kilometers.
It is better to buy original oil filters - their filter element is “sharpened” for finer cleaning than for a gasoline engine. In fakes and cheap versions, filter paper for gasoline engines is often used.
No need to save on the quality of the oil if the car is with a turbocharged diesel engine. Bad oil will not last long on rubbing elements, which is fraught with sudden wear of parts and even turbine failure.
Russian diesel fuel with a high sulfur content oxidizes oil faster than the automaker expected. Therefore, you need to change the lubricant every 7-8 thousand kilometers, and not 10.

Exploitation

You need to drive at medium or low speeds, and shift the box to higher gears a little earlier than on a gasoline car. If this is not done, the engine will last 3-5 times less.
Service from the "officials" is expensive, and among private owners there are few who will carry out quality repairs in the event of a breakdown in the engine compartment area.
As conceived by the manufacturer, a diesel car should "run" from 500 to 600 thousand kilometers before the first major repair. The Russians manage to reduce the figure by 2-3 times.
You should not start such a car "with a pusher." The load on the cylinders will increase, which may cause the timing belt to break.

Using these facts, you can ask questions to the seller when inspecting the car.

Which diesel car to choose

Choosing a diesel car in our country is not an easy task. Many diesel cars are not officially imported to Russia, and it is better to check the mileage in Europe on a special scanner.

But you can find a decent option. We have compiled a selection of cars with a diesel engine in the mass as well as the elite segment.

Bulk segment

Ford Focus. The diesel option is not cheap, but a good alternative to the gasoline one is 115 horses, 1.8 liters. Fuel consumption is small - 7 liters.
Ford Fiesta. Assembled in Germany, which is why the build quality is a solid five. The motor does not differ in power - 75 horsepower, but the consumption is a little more than 4 liters per hundred.
Volkswagen Golf. It is invariably popular in the secondary market - it is assembled with high quality and for centuries. A good option is a 2-liter engine with a consumption of some 6.5 liters per 100 kilometers.
Renault Logan. In the diesel version, it has a 1.5-liter engine with 85 hp. Consumption in the city - about 6 liters per hundred. The motor is reliable and durable.

Skoda Octavia Combi. Station wagon with a spacious interior, large trunk and two-liter engine. The average consumption is 7.5 liters.
Skoda Roomster. A small engine - only 1.2 liters with a capacity of 75 horsepower. But reliable.
Peugeot 408. The volume of the engine in the diesel version is 1.6 liters, the power is 112 horses, the consumption is only 5 liters per hundred. Quality iron.
Hyundai i30. 2 diesel engine options - 1.4 and 1.6 liters, 90 hp The build quality is top five.
Kia Pro Cee'd. A 1.6-liter engine with an unprecedented consumption - a little more than 3 liters of fuel per 100 km.

Elite class

Porsche Cayenne. The ratio of dynamics and consumption is amazing - with a 382 horsepower engine, the car consumes only 10 liters per hundred.
Volkswagen Phaeton. The model is outdated, gluttonous - it consumes 20 liters per hundred in mixed mode. But lovers of comfort and luxury will appreciate the car - natural wood, exclusive leather, eight airbags and much more.
BMW 550MD. Equipped with a 3-liter turbodiesel engine with a capacity of 381 hp. Also of the chips is an improved ignition, intake and exhaust system.

You can also look at other cars if you are a fan of a certain brand, for example. But keep in mind: the more expensive the model you are interested in, the more its repair will hit your wallet.

How to choose a used diesel car

When you have found suitable options, the most crucial moment comes - you need to examine them and make a choice. Be patient - you will have to do a whole set of actions. But this way you will not be slipped a “bucket”. So how do we choose a diesel car:

We start the cold car. The launch occurs “on click” and the car hums like a tractor - everything is in order with it. If the engine starts with a delay, the pistons are faulty. It will cost a lot to replace them.
We wait 5-10 minutes, then turn off the car and start it again. A warm car should start a little slower than a cold one.
We press the accelerator (it is located under the gas pedal) until it stops. There is smoke from the exhaust pipe - the pistons will soon "cover up". White smoke - water or other liquid has entered the fuel.
We listen to the engine. The motor should not knock and grind after it warms up.
We study the engine compartment. We see new parts, traces of sealant, dents - the car may have been in an accident. Using such a machine can become an unaffordable luxury.

If the car did not pass the test for at least one of the points, refuse it or ask the seller for a good discount.

This must be done before buying a used diesel car

Be sure to check a used car with a diesel engine for legal cleanliness, find out how many owners it had, what is the real mileage, and whether there are outstanding fines. This and much more can be downloaded to your smartphone and check the car right at the meeting with the seller. You will receive a complete report on the car you are interested in in 5 minutes - you only need to know the state number of the car or VIN. In addition, the service is available to check Japanese cars.

Before buying, find out as much as possible about the car you are interested in. Then, long before the purchase, you will be able to understand that in front of you is a pig in a poke. After all, our compatriots often squeeze every last drop out of diesel cars before selling them.

It is no secret that the performance of a car directly depends on the condition of its engine. First of all, therefore, when buying a used car, you need to make sure that this unit is in adequate condition.

Particular attention should be paid to diesel engines, since their repair is usually more expensive than in the case of gasoline engines, and the cost of diesel engines is higher.

Checking the condition of the motor, we advise you to start with an external examination. Pay attention to the fact that on the engine housing and in the engine compartment there were no signs of oil leakage or other operating fluids. If the motor is cleanly washed, then this should alert, because in this way the seller could try to hide traces of leaks.

The excellent appearance of the engine does not mean its excellent technical condition.

Of course, leaks are not always very dangerous; perhaps, to eliminate them, you just need to tighten some kind of sealing connection. But, if the leaks are caused, for example, by wear of the crankshaft oil seal, then replacing such an oil seal can cost a lot of money.

In general, in any case, be careful and pay attention to everything, even seemingly minor flaws.

Pull out the engine oil dipstick and check the oil level and condition

If a the oil is very clean and transparent, then, it was definitely changed recently. Here it is worth wondering why they did this if the car was going to be sold? Probably not to save you from unnecessary expenses for an oil change. If the oil has darkened a little, then this does not at all mean that the engine is in poor condition - this is quite normal, unless, of course, the oil is completely black.

If a the oil has traces of foaming and its color is milky, a somewhat whitish tint, then most likely coolant got into the oil, for example, due to damage to the cylinder head gasket, and, in this case, it is better to refuse to buy such a machine.

Check the coolant level, and also pay attention to whether there are any traces of rust in the expansion tank of the cooling system.

If such traces are found, and even more so if the coolant itself has a rusty color, then most likely the motor has overheated, which is a very dangerous sign.

If an external examination of the engine did not reveal any problems, then ask the seller of the car to start the engine, and at this time watch and listen to how it starts and what color the exhaust gases have at the time of start.

The worst sign is blue smoke from the muffler

If you see such smoke, then you can not continue further inspection of the car - look for another car to buy. The bluish tint to the smoke comes from the oil., which burns in the combustion chambers along with the fuel, and in fact, in a serviceable engine, oil should not get there.

Even black smoke, in principle, is not so “terrible”, and not rare, it is quite fixable if black smoke is associated with improper adjustment of the fuel supply system, etc. (although not always).

If the smoke is white, then perhaps it is not smoke at all, but moisture condensate in the air, then, after warming up the engine, the smoke should disappear if it is not too cold outside.

In general, if you are not sure that the causes of exhaust smoke are insignificant and can be easily eliminated, then it is better not to buy a car, because the exhaust of a working diesel engine is almost colorless, perhaps only a slight smoke at the time of starting.

As a last resort, contact the service station for a more detailed diagnosis of the “suspicious” motor if you are not sure of its technical condition.

Hear how the motor works at different speeds

The sound should be smooth, without shooting and interruptions. Ask the seller to sharply press the gas pedal several times. In this case, there should be no interruptions in the operation of the engine, and the exhaust gases should not be painted black.

There is one more way to determine the health of the motor- just block the muffler outlet. In this case, a certain pressure of the exhaust gases should be felt, and the more the outlet is blocked, the greater the pressure of the gases should be. If this is not the case, then burnout in the exhaust system can be suspected.

Listen to the motor, paying attention to extraneous knocks and noises. See if you feel excessive vibration during operation.

Good if there is the ability to measure compression in the engine cylinders. Such a procedure will not take much time, and the compression gauge itself does not cost that much, but a compression measurement can say a lot about the condition of the engine.

So, at compression below 18 atmospheres, the diesel engine will start poorly, even "hot". With compression from 18 to 23 atmospheres, the diesel will start only if it is hot or warm, but if the compression is 28 or more atmospheres, the engine will start even in cold weather. In addition to the amount of compression, pay attention to its uniformity across the cylinders.

Summing up this part of the engine diagnostics, we can say that a serviceable diesel engine should gain momentum smoothly, without failures, its exhaust should be almost colorless, no suspicious knocks and noises should be heard, it should start easily, even if it is cold.

Next, you need to check the motor, which is called "on the go"

You should test drive the car. Check how the motor “pulls”, drive several kilometers at high speed, it is at high speeds, when driving at high speed, all its forces will be required from the motor.

Related materials

Cars with diesel engines are inferior in mass to their gasoline counterparts. But in recent years in Russia there has been an increase in sales of cars that can run on diesel fuel. And this happens despite the fact that the cost of the same model will not be in favor of a diesel car. What makes these cars so popular?

First of all, motorists prefer diesel engines when they have to travel a lot. Diesel fuel consumption is lower, which makes long runs more cost-effective. Therefore, people who travel a lot, use the car for work, transport goods, etc. choose cars with diesel engines.
Diesel engines stand out for their torque. They may be less resourceful, but they have more tractive effort than their gasoline counterparts. This quality is especially in demand in real SUVs, commercial vehicles, trucks, special equipment.
The build quality of diesel engines has seriously improved in recent years. As a result, they have become more reliable and more durable than gasoline units. Some models can drive more than 1 million km without major repairs.
Solved and such a lack of diesel engines as low-speed. Thanks to the installation of turbochargers, it was possible not only to increase the engine power, but also to make the car more dynamic. Some cars when accelerating are not inferior to gasoline cars.
Specialists in the used car market point out another point in favor of vehicles with diesel engines. Such machines become cheaper more slowly, which is explained by a longer service life.
An important factor is when choosing a diesel car and safety. Diesel fuel is much more difficult to ignite than gasoline. Therefore, due to overheating in the engine compartment, diesel fuel will definitely not catch fire. In addition, there are no high-voltage wires in the diesel unit that can spark strongly.

Our review includes the best diesel cars on the Russian market. The rating was compiled taking into account the reviews of domestic motorists.

Best Budget Diesel Cars

Although the concept of budget in relation to diesel cars is not always appropriate (they are all more expensive than their gasoline counterparts), there are several affordable models on the car market. Here you can choose a car for travel and for work.

5 FORD MONDEO

Powerful engine
Country: USA (made in Russia)
Average price: 650,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

For lovers of speed and power, this is an ideal option, even despite the presence of a diesel engine, which, as a rule, does not differ in mobile characteristics. A two-liter engine with a capacity of 140 horsepower is installed here, which allows a rather large and heavy car to accelerate very quickly and maintain speed even on steep climbs.

Also, do not forget that we have a Ford in front of us, and the car of this brand is distinguished by excellent handling and high safety performance. According to some authoritative publications, this is one of the safest cars. It is equipped with 8 airbags and a huge number of protective systems such as ABS and ERA. The above price is not for a new car, but for one released in 2013, but in better quality and without any complaints about the engine and condition in general. Of course, you can always save up and buy a new version, but unfortunately, there are no new products in this Ford line yet, and the company does not make announcements, although, as practice shows, such cars serve for a very long time, and 2013 is still considered quite a fresh model.

4 SKODA RAPID

The most attractive price
Country: Czech Republic
Average price: 457,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

Another car produced specifically for Russia. The Czech brand, which has been closely cooperating with local concerns for a long time, pleases us with inexpensive and high-quality cars with the maximum range of options. In this case, it is worth noting that the price is indicated as an average value for a car manufactured in 2014. New models, unfortunately, are not yet announced by Skoda. But here is everything you need. What is called, "full minced meat."

Firstly, there is a 105 horsepower diesel engine with a volume of 1.6 liters on board. This allows the car to maintain excellent mobility characteristics without loss of speed and power. Secondly, there are all the options included in the maximum configuration. Even parking sensors and fog lights are installed, along with seat heating, which, as a rule, is not included in the basic and initial equipment. There is no need to talk about economy at all. With such technical indicators, and given that the car is diesel, it is easy to guess that it is very economical, and consumes less than 5 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers traveled.

3 CITROEN C4

Wide range of kits
Country: France
Average price: 1,220,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

The French Citroen is rightfully considered one of the most popular cars produced specifically for Russia, taking into account all the requirements of local car owners. The price indicated in this description is an average value, and if desired, this car can be taken cheaper, even with a diesel engine. The basic version will not have additional options, but the cost will decrease by almost 200 thousand.

The second modification already includes everything you need, including electric mirror controls and the maximum set of security systems. Only fog lights and heated seats are not included. You will have to pay for them separately. As for the technical characteristics, here, first of all, the installed diesel engine stands out for its efficiency. Its consumption is only 4.8 liters of fuel per hundred kilometers, which is quite pleasant for such a not the smallest car. In addition, the motor has a capacity of 114 horsepower, which will significantly save taxes for the owner, while not affecting speed performance.

2 Peugeot 408

Best budget sedan
Country: France
Average price: 937,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The best budget sedan with a diesel engine is the Peugeot 408 passenger car. In the Active Diesel configuration, it is equipped with a 114 hp diesel engine. With. (1.6 l). In the combined cycle, the engine consumes only 4.9 liters of diesel fuel. The family sedan has a stylish design and a high degree of safety. Paired with a diesel engine is a mechanical transmission, which allows you to accelerate the car to 188 km / h. The base has airbags for both the driver and the front passenger, as well as an electronic brake force distribution system. A spacious trunk (560 l) will allow you to load things of all family members.

Users of the Peugeot 408 note such advantages of a passenger car as an affordable price, a spacious interior, a roomy trunk, and economical fuel consumption. Of the minuses, consumers note frequent minor car breakdowns, a large turning angle, expensive maintenance, and ineffective sound insulation.

For many Russian diesel operators, the main problem in the operation of a car is the paraffinization of diesel fuel in frosty weather. This negative phenomenon can be overcome in several ways.

Before the onset of cold weather, while there is no winter diesel fuel at gas stations, anti-gel should be added to the fuel. This is a special additive that prevents the formation of paraffin crystals. It is possible to reduce the thickening threshold in this way by 10-15 degrees.
In severe frosts, many professional drivers add kerosene (in extreme cases, gasoline) to diesel fuel in a ratio of 3: 1. The fuel becomes less viscous, its throughput increases.

1 Renault Duster

Most affordable compact crossover
Country: France
Average price: 789990 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

At the best price, you can buy an all-wheel drive compact crossover Renault Duster in the Expression 1.5 diesel configuration. In the basic equipment, the consumer will receive a number of useful options, for example, central locking with remote control, ABS, audio system, front power windows. As for the appearance, the Expression is distinguished by body-colored bumpers, a chrome grille, mirrors, black handles and roof rails. In this configuration, no manufacturer sells all-wheel drive crossovers at such a low price. The car is characterized by economical fuel consumption, on average, the engine consumes 5 liters of diesel fuel per 100 km.

Domestic owners distinguish several positive qualities in Renault Duster. This is a low price, good cross-country ability, economical fuel consumption. During operation, such shortcomings as high smoke during heating and motor vibration are detected.

The best passenger cars with a diesel engine

Many people in Russia like to travel by car. It is more profitable to overcome long distances on diesel cars. We present to your attention several interesting models.

5 Honda Civic 8

Best engine quality
Country: Japan
Average price: 950,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

When it comes to the best quality of a car, Honda is the first thing that comes to mind for many owners. This Japanese giant truly performed a miracle by releasing an indestructible engine that can work many thousands of kilometers without failure. It is for this that Honda is praised, not only for this model, but for the entire brand line. Does this car have any flaws? Probably only one - the high cost of original spare parts. Yes, car repairs are rarely needed, but as soon as it appears, get ready for significant expenses. Although there are a lot of excellent quality analogues on the modern market, you just need to know how to choose them.

As for the technical aspects of this particular model, we have before us a Civic, produced in several versions. It can be either a passenger sedan or a full-fledged hatchback, with three or five doors. There is also a completely sporty model, equipped with a two-liter engine, in contrast to the 1.6-liter engine in sedans. The output power even on a one and a half liter engine is 140 horsepower, and this is a lot, which means that the car accelerates quickly and keeps speed perfectly on climbs and when overcoming obstacles.

4 Opel Astra GTC

Diesel car with sporty performance
Country: Germany
Average price: 1,050,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

It is believed that diesel cars, even passenger cars, cannot claim sports performance. In part, this is true, since a diesel engine, having high power with relatively small dimensions, does not differ in fast acceleration and high speeds. But these are all prejudices of the past. Modern diesel cars can compete with their gasoline comrades, and this product of the German concern is a direct proof of this.

On board this compact car, equipped with only two doors, a two-liter diesel engine is installed, delivering 130 horsepower. Compared to other engines and characteristics, this motor may seem very modest, but such an engine is able to very quickly accelerate the car to hundreds of kilometers, and easily overcome the steepest climbs without losing speed and power. To put it simply, if you love the feeling of unparalleled power under you, but are not ready to buy an expensive sports car, be sure to pay attention to this model, which in 2019 should undergo a rebirth.

3 Opel Insignia

The most affordable D-class sedan
Country: Germany
Average price: 1893000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The most affordable D-class car is the Opel Insignia. The machine is equipped with a 160 hp diesel engine. With. (2.0 l). Working together with a mechanical transmission, the power unit is able to accelerate the car to 220 km / h. At the same time, the consumption of diesel fuel will pleasantly amaze the car owner. In the combined cycle, the engine consumes only 4.3 liters of fuel. Pleases motorists and rich equipment even in the database. The car belongs to the business class, so the interior is spacious and comfortable. Insignia has a spectacular appearance, the car is suitable for both personal use and as a company vehicle. A distinctive feature of the model is the reliability and variety of modifications.

Domestic owners distinguish such Opel Insignia properties as accessibility, reliability, comfort, and solid design. Among the shortcomings, there is ineffective sound insulation, a harsh suspension, and low ground clearance.

2 Skoda Octavia

Best dynamics
Country: Czech Republic
Average price: 1,091,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

One of the main advantages of the Skoda Octavia diesel car is its dynamics. A two-liter engine in combination with a robotic 6-speed automatic can accelerate the car to the cherished hundred in 8.3 seconds. The powerful power unit (150 hp) at the same time consumes only 5.1 liters of diesel fuel when driving in mixed mode. Octavia also boasts a spacious and thoughtful interior, which is comfortable for both the driver and passengers. The package of options also looks quite impressive, among which is air conditioning, power windows front and rear, an audio system with 8 speakers, and an on-board computer.

Motorists speak flatteringly about such qualities of the Skoda Octavia as a torquey engine, excellent dynamics, efficiency, affordable price, comfortable interior, good workmanship. During operation, such disadvantages as expensive maintenance, low ground clearance, and weak light were revealed.

1 Hyundai i30 Wagon

High security
Country: Korea
Average price: 940,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Each car owner himself prioritizes when choosing and buying a car, but considering a passenger car, it cannot be denied that one of its main qualities should be safety. All manufacturers pay attention to this aspect, but the final assessment is made by independent experts who conducted tests back in 2012, when this diesel model appeared on the market. According to their results, the Korean received the highest marks and was recognized as the best this year. In total, more than 50 tests were carried out, and as a result, the car scored more than 90 percent of positive ratings, which is a very good result.

As for the technical aspects, a 1.6-liter diesel engine with an output of 128 horsepower is installed here. This is quite a lot compared to the motors in other cars and allows this model to pick up speed very quickly. Also, the tests showed a high result of controllability. According to experts, the car holds the road perfectly and unquestioningly obeys the driver.

The best diesel crossovers

Crossovers are in high demand. Some motorists buy cars with diesel engines for daily trips, while others buy them for going out into the countryside. But among them there are sports cars with a diesel heart.

5HAVAL H6

Powerful luxury crossover
Country: China
Average price: 1350000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

If a passenger car is a milestone for you, and you are not ready to overpay for a powerful SUV, we advise you to pay attention to this model from a Chinese brand that systematically captures the world market and produces, in particular, cars for Russia. This is exactly the car for Russia, and it costs quite democratically, especially if you take into account all the technical characteristics. A two-liter turbodiesel is installed on board, delivering power of 140 horses. For a crossover, this is the norm, but if we consider the dimensions of the model, then it can be safely classified as an SUV.

Of course, this is a SUV, and we are not talking about any off-road here. Much more important is inner comfort, and that's all right here. The machine is equipped with the best options in the largest number. There is everything from heated seats to rain and fog sensors. There is also a luxury version, which differs in interior and arrangement, but costs a couple of hundred thousand more. It practically does not differ in an optional set, but it looks much richer and more presentable inside.

4 Kia Soul

The most compact crossover
Country: Korea
Average price: 1200000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

Before us is a transitional model, about the involvement of which in a certain type, experts and owners are still arguing. On the one hand, this is a passenger car, as it has a 1.6-liter diesel engine with a capacity of 120 horsepower. For a passenger car, this is the norm, but the manufacturer himself positions the model as a crossover, which is clearly indicated by the dimensions and clearance, the size of which is 160 millimeters. This is not enough for a crossover, but a lot for a passenger car. It turns out that we have a hybrid in front of us, and therefore we should not place high hopes on it.

In fact, if you do not plan to overcome severe off-road conditions on this machine, or climb a steep mountain, there will be no problems. And the salon here is very roomy, and can easily accommodate five adults. The trunk is spacious, and there are a lot of other options that increase the level of comfort. At the same time, the engine for such a rather big crossover is rather weak. This will save on taxes, but it is unlikely that you will be able to quickly disperse the car and maintain speed in extreme conditions.

3 Hyundai Tucson

Favorable equipment in its class
Country: South Korea
Average price: 1803000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

The return to the domestic market of the Hyundai Tucson crossover was spectacular with a rich set of options in the database. The 2.0 liter diesel engine with a capacity of 185 hp looks especially solid. With. It is complemented by a six-speed automatic transmission and all-wheel drive. This combination makes the ride dynamic and smooth. In mixed mode, the engine consumes 6.5 liters of diesel fuel. The car is offered in two modifications Comfort and Travel. For Travel, you will have to pay a little more money (1,993,000 rubles), but the interior will be trimmed with leather, the rear seats are heated, and LEDs appear in the optics. The car looks impressive, especially the concept of "Flowing Lines 2.0".

Hyundai Tucson owners are satisfied with the crossover's rich equipment, stylish appearance, reliability and versatility. Of the minuses of the car, the lack of soundproofing of the wheel arches, rattling in the steering mechanism are mentioned.

2 Nissan Qashqai

Optimal combination of price and quality
Country: Japan
Average price: 1299000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

The Nissan Qashqai crossover optimally combines affordable price and good quality. The machine is equipped with a small 1.6 liter diesel engine (130 hp), which works with a variator. The diesel modification is offered only with front-wheel drive, so off-road driving is not a strength of the crossover. But the model is well equipped, there is an adjustable steering wheel, heated seats, full power accessories, as well as many different electronic assistants. Very high quality materials are used for interior decoration. The 6-speaker audio system produces clear and powerful sound. In motion, the car is clear and pleasant, the steering mechanism works clearly, the suspension smooths out all the bumps on the road.

The strengths of Nissan Qashqai owners call availability, good quality, high seating position, comfortable ride. Users are dissatisfied with squeaks in the cabin, low CVT resource and expensive maintenance.

1 Honda CR-V 3

Best Build Quality to Price Value
Country: Japan
Average price: 1,500,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Japanese automakers are distinguished by the high quality of their products, and Honda is one of the leaders in both the domestic and global markets. Before us is a crossover produced since 2006, but still has not lost popularity. The main advantage here is the reliability of the engine, a diesel engine installed in two variations. There is a two-liter engine and a more powerful analogue of 2.4 liters. The engines are very powerful and, according to experts, are practically immortal, which cannot be said about the gearbox. No, it is not bad, but after 200 thousand mileage, failures of some nodes are often observed. This is if we are talking about an automatic, but there are models with a manual gearbox, and there are no such problems.

Well, like all Japanese cars, the main problem is the purchase of original spare parts. There are many on the market, but they are very expensive. Fortunately, finding worthy analogues is not difficult, but it is important to buy a good replica, and not a low-quality fake. In any case, this crossover is suitable for those who value reliability and are not ready to repair their car twice a year, constantly changing parts.

The best frame SUVs with a diesel engine

This frame SUV is equipped with a simple diesel engine. It may not have sky-high power, but high traction helps to overcome the most difficult off-road conditions.

5 Great Wall Hover

Maximum set of options
Country: China
Average price: 900,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

Before us is the best combination of crossover design, and the cross-country ability of a real SUV. Chinese engineers have once again succeeded in the impossible. The car looks very attractive, and many often refer to it as an executive class. But looking at the characteristics, you understand that this is a real SUV that can cope with the most difficult obstacles.

Let's start with the engine. Here it is a diesel unit with a volume of 2.4 liters and a capacity of 170 horses. With such indicators, all-wheel drive is needed, and here it is, but not permanent, as is often the case with Chinese manufacturers, but plug-in. A low gear unit is installed on board, which also indicates the characteristics of the car's cross-country ability. Well, of course, the clearance, which is almost 20 centimeters. A very impressive result, especially for a crossover, and the manufacturer refers this model to this category, although experts continue to consider it a frame SUV.

4 SsangYong Actyon

Permanent four-wheel drive
Country: Korea
Average price: 1,050,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

Looking for the best crossover at the most attractive price? Then be sure to pay attention to this model from the eminent Korean brand. There are several modifications of this car, but we will talk about the most powerful model, which is equipped with a 2.4-liter diesel engine and delivers 170 horsepower. A very high result, worthy of even a mid-size SUV, but we have a crossover in front of us, which means that it is able not only to develop decent speed, but also to cope well with off-road and other difficulties.

Models of the lower category, equipped with weaker engines for 140 horses, have exclusively rear-wheel drive, but here we see permanent, all-wheel drive, with no way to turn it off. On the one hand, this is a disadvantage, since the already considerable fuel consumption increases significantly. On the other hand, you will not experience problems with movement both in the city and on dirt roads.

3 Nissan X-Trail

The most reliable SUV
Country: Japan
Average price: 1250000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

This model is classified as an SUV, but in fairness it should be noted that this is more of a mid-size crossover, and it will not be able to boast of cross-country characteristics. On board this model, a 2.5-liter diesel engine is installed, delivering power over 150 horsepower. For a crossover, this is already too much, but for an SUV it is clearly not enough. But the ground clearance, which here is 180 millimeters, will please.

But, the main advantage of this model, like all Japanese-made products, is reliability and durability. According to experts, the car is practically indestructible, and is able to work for many years without repairs, provided that you do not forget about replacing consumables. But if something is out of order, get ready for significant costs. Parts for this car are very expensive, at least original ones. Here, the truth should be understood that there are many high-quality analogues on the market, and if you know how to choose them, there will be no problems with repairing or replacing parts.

2Mitsubishi Pajero Sport

The best cross
Country: Japan
Average price: 2199000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

Mitsubishi Pajero SUVs have a glorious history, the cars were repeated winners of the famous Dakar rally. The Mitsubishi Pajero Sport model with a 2.4 DI-D Invite diesel engine continues the glorious traditions of its predecessors. The maximum reliability of the jeep is provided by a 6-speed manual. The SUV has good acceleration dynamics (11.4 s to 100 km / h), but the main engine parameter is 181 hp. With. The motor is not too voracious, in mixed mode its appetite is limited to 7.4 liters per 100 kilometers. The classic node of a real frame SUV is a two-speed transfer case with the possibility of forced locking of the rear differential.

The indisputable advantages of the Mitsubishi Pajero Sport SUV include excellent cross-country ability, spaciousness, comfort, and economical consumption. The disadvantages of the jeep are rigidity, engine noise, poor paintwork.

1 Toyota Land Cruiser Prado

Popular frame SUV
Country: Japan
Average price: 2948000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

Since 2014, the Toyota Land Cruiser Prado frame SUV has been holding a leading position among the most popular SUVs in the world. The "Comfort" version is offered to domestic consumers with a 2.8-liter diesel engine and a 6-speed automatic transmission. Engine power is 177 liters. with., which is enough for a successful fight against off-road. The engine is controlled by the Multi Terrain Select system. She chooses one of five road options, forcing the engine to work in the optimal mode. Responsible for safety options such as ABS, exchange rate stabilization system, obstacle warning when reversing.

Toyota Land Cruiser Prado owners call the SUV a Japanese cruiser. He won the hearts of Russians with excellent cross-country ability, a large interior, many bells and whistles, and a high resource of all units. Of the minuses, motorists distinguish poor factory acoustics.

In recent years, the automotive market has seen a trend of increasing demand for diesel vehicles. Purchasing diesel has become almost a fashion, in the secondary market cars with diesel engines are sold at higher prices than their gasoline equivalents. This phenomenon is not accidental. Over the past decade, the diesel engine has gone through a revolution in development from a "workhorse" to the heights of no alternative in terms of its potential power plant. With the perfect balance between performance and fuel, gasoline diesel has slowly pushed its counterparts into the automotive market.

A modern diesel engine with direct fuel injection has a very sophisticated system, more complex and multi-component than gasoline. It is for this reason that it is not considered problem-free and reliable, especially if the resource is 300 - 400 thousand kilometers, while the actual age of most imported diesel cars is from 8 to 10 years. The fact is that due to its efficiency compared to gasoline, diesel-fueled cars in the west are mainly used by people who travel a lot. Despite what is displayed on the dashboard, there is a high risk of encountering an instance that “does not know the mileage”, but in fact has a completely “stale” resource. This is where problems begin, which, in most cases, are quite expensive to fix for the owner.

A diesel engine is much more sensitive than a gasoline engine., so in the second-hand diesel equation, the largest unknown is the former owner. Late (or none at all) oil and filter changes, as well as reckless driving and car neglect are common, especially in Italy, where a large number of used cars are driven from. It is advisable to look for a car with a history of service in a car service with a history with evidence (although falsifying a service book is not a problem for the seller). It's generally worth being a little suspicious of fresh imported cars, no matter where they were made.

If you are targeting a specific brand and model, read posts on internet forums on the desired topic. In the Russian Internet space, there are forums where almost all brands of cars are discussed. From them, you can learn from the first person, maintenance problems and the advantages of the model.

Any modern diesel engine is controlled by an electronic control unit (EDC) that monitors and controls all functions. If there is a problem with one of the parameters, the system generates an error and degrades the engine. It is necessary to check the selected car on computer diagnostics, where special attention should be paid to the presence of errors and to check the operation of the flow meter and turbo pump (GNP).

Check the compression in the engine cylinders. In modern Common Rail diesel engines in good condition, it should be between 18 and 19 bar. In older diesels, the compression should be above 22 bar (hence the characteristic "knock" and rumble of old diesels)

Due to the tightening of environmental standards in modern diesel engines, many systems have been implemented that often create problems, especially for engines with high mileage. One of them is the ERG valve, which is also used in gasoline engines. In diesels, its role is to substantially reduce emissions. The secret is that diesel engines run on a very lean mixture (enriched with oxygen), which significantly increases its operating temperature. This leads to the appearance of nitrogen oxides, which is the main cause of the destruction of the ozone layer. The ERG reduces this temperature, directs the exhaust gases to afterburning and thus suspends the supply of oxygen. When the sensor fails, there are times it remains almost completely closed, and sometimes it remains open all the time. In any case, there is a problem with the power of the machine, the dynamics change and the smoothness changes. Perhaps this is the entry into emergency mode. ERG is also associated with another problem - due to the high pressure in the engine, over time (mileage), a compression gap appears in the crankcase (the pressure in the crankcase rises). This causes oil to escape through the crankcase vent manifold, where it mixes with the hot gases from the ERG, forming a black, sticky soot. This substance is deposited on the walls of the intake manifold, reducing its diameter and leading to a lack of air (power is reduced). Part of the substance can get into the turbine, coke is deposited on the blades and they cease to be mobile. This is the most common cause of turbine failure. Remove the oil dipstick with the engine running cold to verify that the vehicle is pressurized in the crankcase. Smoke, steam or oil splashes must not come out of the pipe. In addition, pay attention to the oiling of the suction manifold, crankcase hose and turbine. Avoid cars with flawlessly flushed engines.

There is an opinion that diesel car is better to buy in winter when the temperature is below zero. First make sure it hasn't been warmed up by the dealer before, then turn on the starter. A good diesel should start right away, like a gasoline engine, without long spins and jerks. A trouble-free cold start is an important indicator of the health of a diesel car, but starting when the engine is hot is just as important. If a warm engine is difficult to start, with a prolonged rotation of the starter, this is a possible sign of a serious problem. This is sometimes due to a weak battery or starter motor failure, but can be due to a problem with the centering of the RTO, chain tension (for a chain driven engine), low compression, worn nozzles or intake air in the fuel system. These are prerequisites for costly repairs.

Diesel car turbine

One element that often causes problems, especially with high mileage engines, is the turbine. The turbine develops more than 60,000 rpm and is subjected to extreme loads. Its overheating, overloading, as well as untimely replacement of oil and filters are factors that drastically reduce the life of the turbine. Sometimes you can sort out the turbine yourself, but with a serious problem, it may be necessary to buy a new one. Check turbine lubrication, supply lines and intercooler. Look for cracks through which air can suck. Listen to the sound of the turbine, it should not be heard (howling, whistling). Press the pedal almost to the stop and release the pedal. If you hear a squeal as the rpm drops, the turbo needs repair.

Look at the exhaust gases coming out of the pipe. They should be almost colorless. If gray smoke comes out of the exhaust pipe, the car is burning oil and the engine is worn out. White smoke is a sign of water in the cylinders (gaskets, cracks in the block, head). When you step on the gas, a normal diesel car briefly emits black smoke. If the smoke persists and black smoke continues to come out, you may have a nozzle or centering problem.

Remove the dipstick and look at the color of the oil. A characteristic of diesel vehicles is that the oil is always black, even 20 kilometers after changing it. Any other color may indicate the presence of additives in the engine.

At idle, listen to the sound and vibration of the engine. A good, modern diesel engine should run smoothly and quietly, almost like a gasoline engine - without unnecessary noise and vibration, shaking, rumbling and jumping. If this is observed, then the problems may be due to damage to the engine mounts and more serious ones, centering, nozzles, etc.

Ask for a ride before buying, because without it you will not be able to detect any problems with the engine or the car as a whole. The owner has no reason to refuse you (unless he is hiding something). Try to give acceleration to the car - diesels work evenly with tangible traction, even from low revs. Put the car on a slope and try to drive without pressing the gas - a good diesel engine should smoothly move down the slope in first gear without accelerating. If this trick doesn't work, then the engine sucks.

Many motorists are attracted to cars with a diesel engine because of their unpretentiousness, reliability and efficiency. However, when choosing a diesel, there are a number of nuances that must be taken into account, otherwise you risk spending a substantial amount of money to bring the engine to an acceptable condition.

In this article, we will tell you what exactly you should pay attention to and how to check a diesel engine when buying a car.

First, assess the condition of the engine in the same way as when buying any other car: the general appearance of the engine, the presence of oil smudges, soot or corrosion. Also pay attention if the engine is too clean. It is unlikely that an SUV released in early 2000 will have a power unit shining, perhaps this is how they are trying to hide a leak from you.

We also recommend that you (as well as when buying any other equipment, especially by hand) take with you someone who is better versed in this topic and knows how to check a diesel engine when buying a car. If you are satisfied with the visual inspection, proceed to the next step: starting the engine.

It is advisable to check how the engine starts in the cold season (well, or at least in the morning). The diesel engine must start from half a turn if it is necessary to turn the starter longer - the rings or piston are probably worn out.

Also try to start a warm engine - it often happens that a cold engine starts immediately, and a "hot" one - only from the second or third time. This may indicate worn piston rings or a non-working temperature sensor.

Next, you need to check the smoke coming out of the exhaust pipe when the gas pedal is pressed. If it is black, most likely the oil scraper rings are worn out and oil is getting into the fuel. It is also possible that the nozzles are worn out, which is much worse.

If smoke is present, but it is white, water gets into the fuel (usually this can also be recognized by the uneven operation of the engine at low speeds, it works "jerks").

Next, open the oil cap and see if oil comes out from under the oil filler neck (sometimes it can even splash). There can be many reasons, in principle, it is quite amenable to elimination, but the presence of such a defect will allow you to seriously bring down the price if everything else suits you.

You should also evaluate the sound of the engine itself. The sound should be soft, but powerful, bass, without the presence of various kinds of noise. Try to hear sounds that are not included in the overall rhythm, and also "drive" the engine at different speeds.

If this car suits you, and you still decide to take it, then the first thing you need to do is start measuring compression (although it is advisable to do this even when buying). For a diesel engine, the optimal compression value is 25 atmospheres, although much depends on the specific engine model, but, as a rule, compression of a lower indicator indicates malfunctions.

Moreover, the smaller the compression difference between the cylinders, the better (the optimal value is 0.5). Of course, one cannot expect such a thing from a used car, but if the spread is really strong, it means that soon the engine will need to be overhauled.

Also, compression can be approximately estimated without special equipment (although it is still advisable to use a compression gauge). Unscrew the oil filler cap, but do not remove it, and ask your friend to keep the gas pedal depressed. If the engine retracts the cover, then there are no global problems, if it pushes it out, then the compression value is much less than necessary.

In addition, you should not warn the owner of the car that you will check the compression, as there are additives that increase it. You will be misled, and these additives are not very useful for the engine.

In addition, immediately after the purchase, you should buy a new timing belt (even though the previous owner claimed that he installed it a week ago). Moreover, it is advisable to take a branded one, even if the price bites - if a poor-quality or worn-out belt breaks, it can turn the entire cylinder head, and this is completely different money (not to mention the fact that the belt can break at the most inopportune moment).

We hope that our article helped you understand how to check a diesel engine when buying a car, and you can choose the right car that will serve you for many years!